Rawaya mai haske ko ma leotard mai tsami yana da kyau sosai a hanyarsa, kodayake ba ta bambanta da irin kayanta na musamman na launuka da launuka. Lambun yana da kyau saboda yana fure tsawon lokaci, amma baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.
Menene kamannin tafkin fure
Wannan itaciya ana kuma kiranta walƙiya a rayuwar yau da kullun. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane bane, tunda ana rarrabe shi da furanni masu fure mai launin shuɗi. Tsarin furen yana da ban sha'awa: yana kunshe da tsintsiya, tana kama da jigon corolla, da kuma sepals mai haske, waɗanda zasu iya kasancewa daga biyar zuwa 20. amawan jini a cikin nau'ikan daban-daban na iya bambanta da tsayi. Nectaries a cikin wannan shuka ana gyara petals. Ramin zuma yana gindinsu. Danshi mai dadin kamshin hasken wuta yana jan hankalin ƙudan zuma.
Yankin Turai
'Ya'yan itãcen wannan shuka su ne ganye mai ganye wanda ke samar da' ya'yan itace mai siffar zobe. Tsaba suna da sihiri mai kyau, suna da daskararren fata mai duhu.
Don bayani! Wannan ciyawar da take tsiro cikin 'yan Ranunculaceae. Kawai bai yi kama da ranunculi na lambu ba, a maimakon haka, yana da mafi ingancin billets.
A takaice game da tarihin bayyanar
A cikin daji, hasken wuta ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin Eurasia tun zamanin da. Briefan taƙaitaccen tarihinsu dole ne ya fara da gaskiyar cewa an yi girma a cikin lambuna sama da shekaru 500 kuma galibi don dalilai na ado (yayin da ke Gabas, hasken wuta ana ɗaukar tsire-tsire masu magani). Shuka da kula da damisa ba su buƙatar ƙoƙari masu yawa ba, kuma wannan ya ba da gudummawa ga shahararsu. Amma a wancan zamani, sun bred yafi na Turai iri, duk sauran bayyana sosai daga baya.
Kula! Furenn kayan kwalliyar ruwa na kasar Sin ya fara fitowa ne a cikin Turai bayan shekaru 200 bayan da aka fara nadin nau'ikan gida. Amma an kasance amfani dasu don haifar da nau'ikan matasan da yawa na zamani.
Me yasa ake kiran fure fure
Sunan Latin don wannan fure shine "Trollius". Yawancin masu bincike sunyi imani da cewa wannan sunan ya fito ne daga "Trollblume", wanda ke fassara a matsayin "furellll troll". Lallai, tsiran tsubbu yana bunkasa sosai a wurare masu laima, inda, gwargwadon almara, waɗannan haruffa labarin almara suna son daidaitawa. A cikin almara da yawa, Scandinavian da Jamusanci, wannan tsire-tsire ne da aka fi so da furanni na fure, wanda aka ɗauka a cikin furanninsa na fure-tsire, waɗannan halittu suna shayar da abin sha mai warkarwa.
Koyaya, akwai wani sigar wannan sunan. Wataƙila, da aka ba da siffar fure mai fure, sunan ya fito daga kalmar Latin "trulleus", ma'ana "jirgin ruwa mai zagaye".
Halayen Shuka
A cikin daji, nau'ikan al'adu na iya girma cikin yanayi daban-daban, waɗanda ke shafar halayensu. Misali, a Gabashin Turai, sautunan ruwa suna girma a cikin gandun daji, har ma a cikin kwarin kogi da kuma kusa da tafkuna, don haka sun fi son zafi mai daɗi. A Yammacin Turai da kuma bangare a Asiya, fitilu suna girma a cikin tsaunuka. Wadannan nau'ikan suna da jurewa matsanancin fari. Ko da kuwa ko sun girma a gefen gandun daji ko cikin tsaunuka, duk wadannan nau'ikan halittu masu rikitarwa ne kuma baza a iya fassara su ba.
Nau'in batsa da halayensu
Akwai nau'ikan wannan shuka, wanda ya bambanta ko da halaye na waje.
Santa Ana's Trollius (Trollius Ledebourii)
Wannan shi ne ɗayan nau'ikan jinsin masu ban sha'awa. An bambanta trollius na Ledebur ta hanyar ingantaccen ɗakin kwalliya (har zuwa 1 m). Manyan furanninta sun kai 6 cm a diamita tare da fure mai haske. A cikin al'adun gargajiya, suna iya samun manya-manyan manya har zuwa cm 8. A wannan yanayin, tsawon gefan nectaries akalla 1.5 cm. A cikin aikin lambu, ana amfani da ire-irensa iri daban-daban, wanda na iya bambanta a cikin canza launi da fure da kuma sepals.
Fannin Asalin Asiya (Trollius Asiaticus)
Wannan nau'in ya yaɗu cikin zane mai faɗi. An rarrabe ta ta furanni mai haske mai haske tare da ɗabburan sarari da kuma bayyane bayyane.
Don bayani! A rayuwar yau da kullun, ana kiran wannan nau'in soya, ba kayan wanka ba. Akwai da yawa iri na shi, ciki har da tare da biyu furanni.
Saurin shakatawa na Asiya
A cikin daji, tsayin tsayin dutsen yana da kusan 40 cm, amma a gida yana kara girma sosai - har zuwa 70 cm.
Wahalar Turai (Trollius Europaeus)
Wannan nau'in kuma ana kiranta ruwan wanka. Bayanin nata ya ce a tsawon tsayinta na iya kaiwa ga 100 cm, kuma wannan ya sa ta zama ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan da ake iya lura da su. Furanni suna da girma a jiki kuma suna da ƙanshi mai daɗi. Launin fure ya sha bamban daga haske zuwa rawaya zuwa zinari. A stamens sun fi tsayi daga petals. Yana blooms a ƙarshen bazara - farkon rabin Yuni.
Kula! Wannan tsiro bashi da ƙarancin ciyawa a cikin daji. An jera shi a cikin littafin Red na Jamhuriyar Belarus. A Poland ma, jihar tana ba da kariya.
Mafi girma wurin wanka (Trollius Altissimus)
Babban bambanci tsakanin wannan nau'in shine tsayin dutsen, shine 1.3-1.5 m. A lokaci guda, shuka yana da kyawawan ganyayyaki masu buɗe ido. Amma furanni mafi tsalle-tsalle ba su da haske. Sun kai diamita na 6 cm, amma sun bambanta a cikin launuka masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi.
Dwarf leotard (Trollius Pumilus)
Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, wannan nau'in yana da girman girman girmansa. Rosette na shuka ana yin shi ta sassaka ganye tare da kunnuwa mara nauyi. Daga can, kusa da tsakiyar watan Mayu, farfajin kai tsaye suna girma, suna kaiwa tsayin 15-30 cm. Amma a lokaci guda, furannansu suna da girma sosai, aƙalla 2-3 cm a diamita. Sun bambanta a cikin kyakkyawan inuwa na sepals.
Altai wanka (Trollius Altaicus)
Wannan shi ne madaidaiciya iri-iri. Kararsa yana girma zuwa 90 cm a tsayi. Tana da furanni ajar. Sepals suna da launin ja a waje. A cikin furanni, ana iya ganin pistil na baki da murhun launuka masu launin ja ko shuɗi. Furanni suna bayyana a ƙarshen May kuma suna farantawa ido ido tsawon wata.
Wurin al'adu (Trollius Cultorum)
Ya bambanta da sauran nau'ikan a cewa shi matasan ne. “Bottanical” magabatansu ”tsire-tsire ne na halittu guda huɗu lokaci guda. Waɗannan su ne abubuwan ɗamarar ruwa na sama na Asiya, Turai, Altai da manyan filayen fure. A sakamakon haka, ganyen gonar da aka samu suna da haske, launin kore mai haske. Peduncles yayi girma zuwa 60-90 cm a tsayi. Furanni suna da yawa, matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyin su 7 cm.
Mahimmanci! Launi na wannan nau'in tsiro zai iya zama daban, gami da kirim, da kuma shuɗi mai launin shuɗi, da ruwan leɗi-ja. Akwai nau'ikansa da yawa tare da furanni na fure.
Siffar wannan shuka ita ce cewa ire-irenta sun bambanta da yanayin furanni, har ma za ku iya samun waɗancan da za su yi fure har tsakiyar watan Yuli.
Takardun sheka-sepals (Trollius Chartosepalus)
Ana samun wannan nau'in a cikin daji a cikin yankuna na arewacin. An jera shi a cikin Littafin Ruwa. Wannan itace ƙaramin tsire-tsire, tsayinsa yana da cm 15 kawai .. Furanninta furanni ne, galibi masu launin-cream. Diamita kusan 3 cm.
Rabin buɗe-baki (Troilius Patulus)
Siffar wannan nau'in tana da ƙasa kaɗan kuma kusan ba itace take ba. Da wuya su yi girma zuwa tsayi sama da cm 35. Furancinta ba su da girma, har zuwa cm 30 a diamita, kuma suna da kambin gwal. Bayan fure, tushe mai shuka yana kara tsayi.
Trollius Lilacinus
Idan yawancin nau'ikan suna da furanni masu launin shuɗi ko ruwan lemo, ƙasa da cream sau da yawa, to, wannan nau'in yana da launi maras launi na Lilac. Amma wasiƙar shi kore-rawaya, kamar sauran "dangi" da ke girma a Gabas ta Tsakiya. Kuma a cikin komai, yana kama da nau'ikan Asiya. Sai dai idan furanni sun fi ƙanana, matsakaicin 5 cm a diamita.
Leotard shine lilac
Babban leotard (Trollius Macropetalus)
Wannan nau'in yana da shinge masu ƙarfi waɗanda zasu iya kaiwa ga tsawo na cm 100. Amma diamita na fure ya kai cm 5. Kwancen da aka saba shine launin rawaya da lemo. Ganyen wannan nau'in suna da yawa, har zuwa 15 cm fadi.
Mafi mashahuri iri a tsakanin lambu
Mafi yawancin nau'ikan da aka saba dasu a wannan lokacin sune:
- Goliath. An bambanta wannan iri-iri ta hanyar manyan furanni masu girma, suna iya kaiwa zuwa diamita na cm 7. Suna jawo hankalin ba wai kawai girman su ba, har ma a cikin kyawawan launuka ruwan lectures;
- Orange sarki. Dark sepals duhu sune babban halayyar wannan nau'in. A wannan yanayin, shuka yana da girman matsakaici;
- Sarauniyar lemun tsami A cikakke daidai da sunanta, wannan nau'in yana da furanni masu ruwan lemo-yellow;
- Kwallan Kare. Gashi mai wannan nau'in ya kai tsawo na cm 60. Furen yana da kyawawan launuka mai haske na ruwan lemo;
- Sarakunan Orange. Wannan lemo yana da lemo mai fure mai fadi da furanni masu dumbin yawa;
- Duniyar Gobara. An bambanta nau'ikan ta hanyar zaitun na orange da kuma sepals mai ruwan shuɗi, sauran kuma suna kama da sarauniyar Orange;
Sarauniyar lemun tsami
- Orange Globe. Furannin furanni iri-iri ne manya-manya mai haske, mai haske, kuma kabubburan na da hakora;
- Canary Bird - nau'in al'adu masu launin rawaya daban-daban, wato, nau'in matasan da launuka masu haske;
- Alabaster. Wani nau'in matasan, kawai bambancin al'adun fararen al'adu. Ya bambanta a cikin ƙananan ƙarancin bushes har zuwa 60 cm ba tsayi;
- Elista na duka. Wannan nau'in farkon ne tare da furanni masu rawaya mai haske wanda ya kai girman of 7 cm 7. Amma tsintsayen furannin da kansu ba su da ƙaranci, har zuwa 50 cm;
- Gobe Gobe. Wannan nau'ikan yana da kama da sabon abu: kabarinsa rawaya ne kuma alkur'an lemo ne, saboda haka yana da kyau, duk da cewa furannin kansu ƙanana ne;
- Kwallan zinari. Kyakkyawan iri tare da furanni masu ban mamaki da manyan launuka masu rawaya, diamita wanda zai iya kaiwa 6 cm.
Tsarin iri
Zai fi kyau a yi amfani da tsaba don yaduwar kusan dukkan nau'ikan iyo, ko da yake grafting mai yiwuwa ne a zahiri, amma ana ɗaukar wata hanya mafi rikitarwa.
Mahimmanci! Wannan shuka ba dole bane ya girma ta hanyar shuka. Ana iya shuka shi a cikin ƙasa. Amma, don tabbatar da haɓakar haɓaka, tsaba suna buƙatar sassauci na dogon lokaci.
Ana girbe tsaba a watan Yuli-Agusta, gwargwadon lokacin furanni na musamman iri.
Lokacin sauka
Mafi sau da yawa, ana shuka tsaba a cikin ƙasa bayan daidaitawa, wannan ya faru riga a ƙarshen Oktoba ko Nuwamba.
M iri stratification
Gardenerswararrun lambu suna haɗe tsaba da aka tattara a watan Agusta ko Yuli tare da yashi mai laushi, canja wurin wannan cakuda zuwa jaka kuma adana shi a cikin firiji a cikin kwalin da aka tsara don kayan lambu a zazzabi na 2-4 ° C. A can, tsaba ya kamata su yi tsawon watanni uku don cimma nasarar da ake so.
Preparationasa shiri
Yana da Dole a yi girma a cikin ƙasa kwance, wanda yake da kyakkyawan yanayin rayuwa. Sabili da haka, galibi suna yin cakuda ɓangarori biyu na peat, adadin ƙasa da yanki ɗaya na yashi.
Zaba
Harbe fara bayyana a farkon rabin Mayu. Idan yanayin zafi ya shigo, za su yi aiki cikin ƙarfi, musamman idan an ba su wadataccen shayarwa da kariya daga rana. Yakamata a yi rayuwarsu bayan wasu ofan takardu appeara appearan ganye sun bayyana akan shuki. An dasa furanni a nesa daga 7-10 cm daga juna. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, shekara guda bayan wannan, an shuka tsire-tsire masu girma da girma kuma suna girma a cikin dindindin a cikin gonar.
Shin zai yiwu a canzawa daga tukunya
A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana shuka wannan perennial nan da nan a cikin ƙasa buɗe. Amma yawancin lambu suna dasa shi a cikin akwati don shekara ta farko. Sannan a shekara ta biyu tambaya ta taso, yadda ake dasa leotard daga tukunya. A wannan yanayin, dole ne kuyi aiki a hankali don kada ku lalata tushen.
Mahimmanci! Ana iya aiwatar da hanya mafi kyau bayan fure, lokacin da lokacin fara aiki zai fara a cikin fitilu. Wannan na faruwa a watan Agusta.
Bayanin haifuwa ta hanyar rarrabuwa
Leotard na iya yin asali da kuma rarraba bushes. Wannan hanyar ta dace da lambu masu gogewa. Ana aiwatar da irin wannan hanyar ne kawai dangane da lafiya, ingantattun shekaru biyar bushes. An haƙa su, bayan wannan sunyi ƙoƙari su shafa Tushen a hankali, sannan kuma su raba rhizome tare da wuka mai kaifi don su kasu kashi akalla uku don ramawa. Shuka su kai tsaye don hana bushewa fita
Siffofin aikin lambu
Shuka furanni na leotard ba matsala ba ce ga ma maƙancin fara.
Waɗanne sharuɗɗan shayarwa ke ci?
Yawanci ya dogara da wane yanki ne na yanayin zafi. Amma fiye da yawancin Rasha, hasken wuta sun fi son shaƙatawa mai zurfi. A wuraren budewa, sai dai idan kasar gona tayi bushe sosai, wannan perennial yana da kyau.
Me shuka ke ji?
A lokacin girma, inji yana jin tsoron karancin danshi, saboda haka kuna buƙatar samar da shayarwa ta yau da kullun ga furannin trolls. Bugu da kari, hasken baya son dasawa, bushes na iya girma a wuri guda na akalla shekaru 10. Hakanan baya son tono ƙasa a kusa da daji, tunda tushen tsarin yana girma da sauri. Wadannan perennials suna ba da yawa gefen dutse, kuma haƙa na iya lalata su.
Watse
Don girma shuka fure mai lafiya da kyawawan furanni, dole ne a shayar da hasken a kai a kai daga Maris zuwa Yuli domin ƙasa ta yi laushi. A lokacin daga Agusta zuwa Satumba, ana rage mita da tsananin ban ruwa.
Mulching
Wannan dabarar ta zaba ne yayin da aka bunkasa fitilu. Amma yana ceton mai gonar da lambun daga weeding aƙalla wannan yanki, har ma yana kare ƙasa daga bushewa, don haka kar ku ƙi shi.
Mahimmanci! Dokokin iri ɗaya ne na na sauran tsire-tsire. Humus ko cakuda yashi da peat an haɗa shi a cikin daji.
Yanawa
Matsayi mai rauni na wannan shuka shine cewa baya son ɓarkewar ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa, wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yake buƙatar namo kullun da kyakkyawan malalewar ƙasa.
Manyan miya
Duk nau'ikan kuliyoyin Turai na haɓaka da kyau, ba tare da buƙatar kulawa ta musamman ba. Koyaya, don inganta juriya na fure mai ƙwayar cuta don dalilai masu illa ga muhalli, masana sun ba da shawara don aiwatar da aiki tare da toka. Ana yin wannan a farkon lokacin bazara. Sa'an nan, a farkon girma na aiki, takin tare da takin nitrogen za a buƙata. Kuma kawai a lokacin, don mafi kyawun fure, ana amfani da takin gargajiya.
Juyawa
Wannan 'perennial ɗin ba ta son ɗaukar hoto, kuma sai dai in ba dole ba ne, kada a tayar da hankali. Amma idan bushes yayi girma da sauri, suna zuwa sassa da yawa kuma ana dasa su.
Yaushe kuma yadda yake habaka
Ko leotard farare ne, rawaya ko lemo, wannan tsiro yana da kyau sosai. Koyaya, yawancin nau'ikan suna da ƙanshin wari mai ƙanshi mai haske.
Iri furanni
A cikin al'ada, akwai nau'ikan furanni tare da furanni na yau da kullum ko na biyu, wanda ya ƙunshi fure biyar ko 9-10.
Alabaster cultivar
Tsarin fure
Grass perennial leotard yana da siffar fure guda kawai - mai sihiri. Amma furanni na iya zama rabin buɗe ko buɗe.
Lokacin tashi
A lokacin da wani lambu leotard blooms, ya dogara da musamman iri-iri. Yawancinsu suna bayyana furanni a cikin rabin Mayu na biyu. Gabaɗaya, lokacin fure ya ɗauki makonni 3-4. Wasu nau'ikan suna faranta wa ido rai har ƙarshen watan Yuli.
Canje-canje a cikin kulawar fure
Wannan tsire-tsire sananne ne saboda rashin fassararsa, amma lokacin da kuturu take fure, ba ta buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, ban da nuance ɗaya.
Mahimmanci! Gardenerswararrun lambu sun ba da shawarar fesa shuka tare da epin a farkon wannan lokacin.Adaptogen ne na kowa da kowa.
Matsaloli masu yuwuwar girma
Leotard ɗan ciyawa ne. Ba ya girma cikin yanayi mafi dacewa, saboda haka ana rarrabe shi da mahimmancin mahimmanci kuma baya buƙatar kulawa ta musamman.
Karin kwari
Wannan inji mai guba ne ga kwari, don haka ba zai iya kamuwa da barazanar kwaro ba.
Cutar
Leotard yana da matukar kariya ga yawancin cututtuka. Koyaya, naman gwari na iya yin barazana ga furen fure. Don hana kamuwa da cuta, ya isa ya zaɓi ganyen da ya bushe a kan lokaci da kuma kula da yanayin girki.
Koyaya, a cikin lambun koyaushe akwai haɗarin ɗaukar naman gwari. Sabili da haka, idan har yanzu wannan ya faru, lallai ne ku lalata sassan da ke cikin ƙwayar kuma kuyi shi da maganin kashe guba.
Alamun rashin kulawa
Haihuwa na ganye daga ganyayyaki na iya nuna cewa shuka tana buƙatar aski, saboda tana karɓar adadin hasken rana.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Wannan tsiro na zamani ana amfani dashi sosai cikin ƙirar ƙasa. Ainihin, ana shuka shi yayin ƙirƙirar lambuna na dutse, gami da filayen dutse, wato, lambunan dutse.
Mahimmanci! Bayar da damar leotard don yayi girma a cikin yankuna masu daɗaɗɗen zafi, ana iya girma wannan fure akan ƙarshen tafkunan wucin gadi.
Wannan tsiro yana da kyau a haɗe shi cikin tsaunukan dutse tare da edelweiss da stalk. Amma saboda wannan, an zaɓi nau'ikan ƙarami. Misali, dwarf din wanka mai dacewa. Tun lokacin da, bayan fure, shuka ya rasa tasirin kayan ado, kuma kawai ta kaka wani muhimmin rosette ke tsiro a sito, yana buƙatar maƙwabta masu farashi kamar Sirisian iris da daylilies. Daga cikin dazuzzuka, yana haduwa sosai tare da mahonia m da kuma spirea na Jafananci.
Leotard na kasar Sin
Saboda haka, wannan fure furen duniya ce wacce ba ta da ma'ana a cikin kulawa, ba ta tsoron ɓoye, kuma kamuwa da cuta ba ta taɓa kamawa. Girma yana da sauki kuma mai sauƙi. Kuma itaciyarta bazata iya mantawa ba.
