Girma iri-iri iri-iri a ƙasar Faransa - Bere Bosc

Pear - wata al'ada ce mai kyau kuma ana yadu a yankunan da ke kewayen birni da kuma cikin lambuna.

Daga cikin iri iri iri, shahararrun shahararren iri iri da suka fi so.

Daya daga cikin wadannan nau'o'in shine Pear Bere Bosk.

Wani irin pears yana nufin?

Bere Bosk yana da nau'i na iri-iri na kaka, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun fara rassar a tsakiyar watan Satumba. Kashe ba sanyi resistant, vigorous da thermophilic. Bayani mai mahimmanci don amfani da sabon amfani.

Karataevskaya, Vernaya, Kupava, Forest Beauty da Muscovite ma sun kasance cikin nau'o'in kaka.

Tarihin kiwo da yankin kiwo

Wannan madaidaicin Faransanci ne wanda har yanzu yana ƙidaya. daga ƙarshen karni na XVIII. An samo ta ta hanyar shuka irin nau'in iri a wani wuri da ake kira Apremont yana a Faransa.

Sunan iri-iri ne don girmama darajar Bosch pomolog. Bugu da ƙari, sunan mai suna, ana kiran kuma iri-iri Kwalban, Bere Alexander, Bere, Bere Apremont.

Yawan iri-iri ne da yawa a ƙasashen Rasha a Arewacin Caucasus da kuma cikin yankin Krasnodar. Har ila yau, mashahuri a cikin tsoffin ƙasashen CIS, kamar su Moldova, Belarus, Ukraine da sauransu.

A Tsakiyar Rasha, Yakovlev Yashuwa, Cosmic, Autumn Yakovlev, A Memory of Yakovlev da Limonka ji daɗi.

Bere Bosc iri-iri bayanin

Tree na wannan iri-iri da sauri girma. Tare da kulawa mai kyau ya kai babban girma a cikin gajeren lokaci.

Har ila yau girman Crohn kuma bai bi ka'ida ba, yana buƙatar tsawaitawa na yau da kullum. Ƙirƙashin rassan rassan ba su bambanta a cikin kauri da kuma tsawon lokacin samar da babban kambi na pyramidal.

A haushi a kan harbe ne launin ruwan kasa tare da launin toka launin toka. A harbe suna matsakaici kauri tare da buds guga man a kansu. Chechevichek yawa ne kuma suna karami.

Ganye suna da duhu koren launi, ovoid siffar da halayyar m sheen. Girman launi na launi yana da matsakaici, gefuna suna santsi, m, ƙwararrun suna da elongated kadan. Petioles ba dogon lokaci ba, a kusan kimanin 1 cm.

A furanni ne manyan, petals naval, da ɗan oblong. A cikin inflorescences daga 10 zuwa 20 furanni.

Tsarin itacen yana faruwa a cikin marigayi bayan marigayi, yana guje wa barazanar daskarewa.

Wannan irin 'ya'yan itace babban nau'i, nauyin nauyin nauyin 180 g, kuma matsakaicin nauyin iya kai har zuwa 250 g

Hanyoyin 'ya'yan itace sun bambanta ne kawai daga kwalba. Kuma har ma 'ya'yan itatuwa guda ɗaya za'a iya bambanta da ido.

Pear fata Bere Bosk ne sosai na bakin ciki, m, a farkon da ripeness zama "m" launi. A lokacin ajiya, 'ya'yan itace canza launi zuwa tagulla.

Tsarin yana mai lankwasa, tsawon kuma mai tsayi. Jigun hankula ne kusan marar ganuwa. Tsaba suna da ƙananan, suna a cikin kwanyar bulb-shaped.

Halaye

Ƙananan bishiyoyi sukan fara 'ya'ya a 6-8 bayan dasa. An yada shi ne kawai ta hanyar samfurin iri ko kuma tare da taimakon seedlings na yafi iri iri.

Yau shekaru 17-18 yana kawo girbi 80-100 c / ha, Shekaru 30 da haihuwa - riga har 180 kg / ha.

Yawancin nau'o'in suna nuna irin wannan nau'in nau'in pear: Oryol Beauty, Hera, Rogneda, Fairy Tale da A cikin Zhegalov.

Cikakken farawa yana faruwa a tsakiyar Satumba daga 5 zuwa 15 lambobi.

'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sunyi nisa, amma na iya dogon lokaci ba tare da rataye a kan rassan ba har da iska mai karfi.

TAMBAYA: Babban hasara na iri-iri yana da matukar sanyi.

Waɗannan bishiyoyi ne a cikin aminci daga sanyi kawai a cikin yanayin Krasnodar ko a bakin teku. A wasu yankuna, subzero zazzabi yana cikin 28-30 digiri na iya hallaka itacen duk hanyar zuwa tushen.

Elena, Nika, Carmen, Fancy Efimova da Dessert Rossoshanskaya suna nuna kyakkyawan juriya.

Bisa ga waɗannan alamun, da Bere Bosc iri-iri nasa ne zuwa mafi yawan hunturu-hardy irin pears. Har ila yau, ana iya ganin bishiyar wannan nau'in rashin lafiya marar fari. Transportability da ajiya 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da kyau.

Amma tare da dogon lokaci a cikin firiji, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun rasa dandano mai dandano, naman mai tausayi ya zama bushe da ƙuƙwalwa.

Hannuwar rashin lalacewa kyauta. Don mafi kyau sakamakon, ovary fruit a kan shafin ko, a cikin matsanancin hali, a kusa da yankin kana bukatar ka da pollinator iri.

An dauke su mafi kyaun pollinators ga wannan iri-iri: Bere Napoleon, Williams, Bere Ardanpon, Bon Louise.

Itacen a matsayin cikakke ba shi da kyau ga yanayin girma da ƙasa.

Yana girma da kyau kuma yana da 'ya'ya a kan ƙasa mai yashi.

Abin dandano mai dandano mai dadi 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka kiyasta a Maki 4.8 a kan ma'auni biyar.

Pear yana da kyawawan nama tare da rubutun narkewa.

Gabatarwa almond notes da kuma halayyar m wari.

RUWA: Bambance-bambancen Bere Bosk ya ci gaba da shiga cikin aikin kiwo kuma shine tushen yawancin iri iri. Daga cikin iri iri na 20, an zana: Bergamot, Svarog, Tikhonovka, Verbena, Black Sea Amber.

Abincin sinadaran 'ya'yan itace:

Hotuna

Dasa da kulawa

Mafi kyawun lokaci don dasa shuki seedlings shine kaka. Idan kuna so, za ku iya shuka tsire-tsire a cikin bazara, amma gwanayen lambu fi son lokaci na kaka.

Pear wata shuka thermophilic tana son rana. Sabili da haka, wurin saukowa ya kamata ya kasance da kyau kuma ya kasance kare daga iska.

Ya kamata kasar gona ta kasance yashi da ƙasa mai duhu. Idan babu, to, sai a kara karar ƙasa mai zurfi a cikin rami a lokacin dasa.

Idan seedling ba iri daya ko akwai wasu 'ya'yan itace amfanin gona a kusa, to, kana bukatar ka la'akari da nisa tsakanin itatuwan kusa, shi kada ya zama ƙasa da mita 5.

Pear Bere Bosk itace itace mai tsayi kuma yana da dukiya girma karfi a tsawo da nisa, Saboda haka, tana bukatar samar da isasshen sarari.

Ana sanya rami mai saukowa kimanin mita daya. in diamita da 60-70 cm zurfi. Amma wasu shahararrun lambu sun ba da shawarar zurfin zurfin su yi. ba kasa da mita 1 ba.

Shiri na rami ya kamata a gudanar da makonni biyu kafin dasa.

TAMBAYA: Idan ginin Bere Bosc ba ya faru a cikin fall ko spring, dole ne seedling ya kasance tare da babban dunƙuler ƙasa daga wuri da ta gabata.

An saka ƙananan ƙasa a kasa na rami, kuma ƙasa mai zaɓa tana haɗe da takin gargajiya. Sa'an nan kuma a cikin rami ne mafakar ƙasa da aka shirya kuma an sanya seedling akan shi.

Tushen a tarnaƙi ya kamata a daidaita. Kusa da itacen da kake buƙatar fitar da gungumen azaba da ƙulla shi zuwa ga akwati. Bayan duk fada barci kuma a hankali rammed.

Dole a sanya karamin karamin motsa jiki a kusa da itacen don rike ruwa a lokacin da yake shayar da ruwa sannan a kwantar da hankali akan buckets biyu na ruwa. Ya kamata a yayyafa ruwan da aka zubar da shi.

RUWA: Babban yanayin shi ne yawan watering, kamar yadda Bere Bosk bai jure wa fari ba.

Ana kula da kula da itacen da aka dasa a cikin kyau watering sau 4 a wata. Sai itacen ya shayar sau uku a kakar, amma alheri.

Ba lallai ba ne a yi amfani da ruwa daga rijiya ko rijiya don ban ruwa, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ruwa daga ganga ko akwati don wannan dalili.

Wajibi ne don takin itace wanda ya dogara da talaucin ƙasa. Idan akwai tsire-tsire na tarbiyoyi ko burdock, kasar gona tana da kyau kuma kusan bazai buƙatar karin ciyarwa ba.

A wasu lokuta Ya kamata a yi amfani da taki da watering sau uku a shekara. Yawanci, waɗannan takin mai magani sun kunshi urea, superphosphate, organics da potassium.

Bere Bosk shi ne nau'i na pear tare da ci gaban daji, saboda haka ya kamata a ba da hankali ta musamman ga itace.

Bayanan dokoki kaɗan zasu isa:

• Pruning sau biyu a shekara.
• Wajibi ne ayi aiki guda ɗaya, tsayi da yawa don yanke.
• M kau da matasa harbe, kamar yadda parasites iya rayuwa da hunturu a can.
• Ƙananan rassan ba a rushe su ba.

Wajibi ne a yi aiki tare da ƙuƙwalwa masu kaifi, a kusurwar dama, kuma ya rufe wurare na ƙwanƙasa tare da lambun lambun.
Bye itace takaice, domin hunturu zaka iya rufe shi gaba daya.

Rufe kambin da brushwood kuma kunsa ganga tare da kayan abu mai tsabta.

Kuma idan murfin dusar ƙanƙara ya bayyana, a hankali cika itacen da dusar ƙanƙara, musamman ma gangar jikin.

Amma bayan haka, lokacin da itacen ya tsiro zuwa mita kaɗan, zai zama isa ya rufe kawai akwati.

Cututtuka da kwari

Don itace don samar da 'ya'yan itace mai kyau, dole ne ya kasance mai girma. Wannan iri-iri yana da tsayayyen maganin cututtuka da fungal.

Amma, kamar sauran nau'in nau'in nau'in pear suna haifar da cututtuka irin su manilioz, baƙar fata baƙar fata, tsatsa, powdery mildew, cytosporosis.

Koyi duka game da cututtukan pear: Kwayoyin cuta ba, //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html, Rust.

Matakan farko na rigakafi da cututtuka zai zama dubawa na ruwa da bishiyoyi da kuma maganin kututturen ɓangaren da wani bayani na urea da Cakuda Bordeaux.
Sauran matakan da za a magance magungunan kamuwa da cuta kamar haka:

• Binciken gaba daya na itatuwa don lalacewa ko cuta.
• Tsarkewa na rigakafi kafin budding, a lokacin flowering da kuma lokacin da ake zubar da 'ya'yan itace.
• Lokacin da aka gano wata cuta, lalataccen lalacewar 'ya'yan itatuwa, lalacewa da ganye.

Jarabawa da ke nuna nau'in pear sune:

• Hawthorn
• Shchitovka
• Mite
• Medianitsa
• Weevil
• Takaddun takarda
• Mutu

Yin amfani da kwariyar kwari zai ceci itacen daga manyan lalacewar, amma yafi kyau wajen aiwatar da matakan tsaro a gaba.

Dabbobi Larinska, Perun, Duchesse, Lyra da Lel suna da kariya mai kyau.

Jirgin kusa kusa da itace a cikin kaka da hunturu ya zama wurin shayarwa don yawancin kwari. Kyakkyawan sauƙi zai karya fashewar kwaro, kuma zasu mutu daga frosts.

Wasu kwari suna shawo kan rassan a cikin cocoons. Idan babu rassan za a iya ganin su sosai. Cocoons ya kamata a tattara hannu tare da ƙone.

Har ila yau, haushi ya zama mazaunin ga kwari da kwari garkuwa. Idan Ƙara wasu ƙwayoyin cuta zuwa launi mai tsabta a cikin fall, sa'an nan kuma tabbatar da mutuwar marasa lafiya.

Bere Bosk yana da iri iri, tare da kulawa mai sauƙi da kulawa, zai yarda da mai shi tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau da kuma girbi mai kyau na pears.

Dubi bidiyo akan yadda za'a bi da itatuwa daga kwari.