Yawancin kakar 'ya'yan itace mai yawa, ba shakka, shine kaka. Amma yawancinmu muna so su yi wa kanka kyauta da sauri tare da 'ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi kuma masu dadi waɗanda suke kawo irin wadannan nau'o'i masu kyau a jerin abubuwan yau da kullum.
A wani ɓangare, wannan buƙatar yana gamsu da amfanin gona mai kyau a cikin farkon lokacin rani, rani, lokacin ƙoshi. Daya daga cikin hankula (ko da yake ba tare da nuancesinsu) wakilan "iyali" ba ne Pear Oryol kyakkyawa, ƙarin bayanin wannan iri-iri a cikin labarin. Tana son ba kawai tare da suna mai kyau ba, amma har ma da kyakkyawan halaye mai kyau.
Wani irin pears yana nufin?
Kamar yadda aka ambata, "Oryol Beauty" - rani iri-iri. Sun sanya shi a wannan rukuni saboda 'ya'yan itatuwa ripen a farkon rabin watan Agusta.
A lokaci guda, lokaci mai amfani, lokacin da za'a iya adana pears ba tare da asarar halayen kasuwancin su da dandano ba, yana da makonni 2-3.
Ya kamata a lura cewa an saita ma'auni na precocity da aka ambata bisa ga sharuddan da aka cimma a yankin Oryol - "tunani" don wannan pear.
Ana iya gyara sharuddan girbe na 'ya'yan itatuwa a daya shugabanci ko wani, dangane da yankin na namo.
Saboda haka, wannan nau'in ya janyo hankalin farko daga wajan da ba su so su jira lokacin girbi na pears. Duk da haka, daga yawancin rani da kuma lokacin rani na rani "Oryol Beauty" ya bambanta da tsawon lokaci na kiyaye inganci.
Wani alama na nau'in da aka bayyana shi ne da matsakaicin matsakaicin sa. Wannan rukunin ya nuna shekarun farawa na 'ya'yan itace, kuma farkon shine shekarar da aka dasa a cikin gandun daji, kuma ba lokaci na dasa shuki ba (itace wanda aka dasa zai iya zama mai shekara 1, ko kuma shekaru 2-3). "Oryol kyakkyawa" fara fara 'ya'ya domin shekaru 5-7 na rayuwarsa.
Sauran nau'in pear sun hada da: Rogneda, Duchess, Chizhovskaya, Severyanka da Lel.
Tarihin kiwo da yankunan kiwo
Dukkanin iri-iri iri iri ne a kan Cibiyar Nazarin Rubuce-rubucen Rukuniyar Rukuni na Rukuni (Yankin Oryol).
Wannan shahararren sananne ne a Rasha da kuma iyakar iyakokinta don ƙirƙirar wasu nau'o'in tsirrai iri iri na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire waɗanda za a iya inganta yadda ake amfani da fasahar zamani na zamani.
Shekara ta 1977 an dauki shekara ta haihuwar Oryol Beauty.
Wata ƙungiyar masana kimiyya-shayarwa ta yi aiki a kan sabon pear: E. Sedov (jagoran rukuni, likita na kimiyya, masanin kimiyya na Cibiyar Nazarin Noma na Rasha), N. Krasova, A. Kuznetsova.
A wannan lokacin, "Oryol Beauty" ya bambanta a cikin yadda yaren ya ƙunshi kwayoyin halitta kawai nau'o'in pear Turai ne.
Ba da daɗewa ba bayan ƙarshen zaɓin, an shigar da sabon abu a cikin Ƙasar Varietal na Jihar. A halin yanzu, ana kwasfa pear a cikin gonakin lambu Ƙungiyar Tsakiya ta Duniya ta Tsakiya ta Tsakiya.
"Oryol kyakkyawa" za a iya girma a wasu yankuna, amma masu kirkirarsa ba su tabbatar da sigogi waɗanda aka ci gaba ba a lokacin da aka zaɓi Oryol.
Irin wannan nau'in pear yana da shawarar da mawallafinta don namo (a ƙarƙashin dukkan yanayin da ake bukata) a cikin manyan masana'antu da ƙananan gidaje.
A cikin wadannan yankuna, irin ciyawa irin su Cathedral, Krasnobokaya, Elena, Vernaya da Victoria sun ci gaba.
Description iri-iri Orlovskaya kyakkyawa
Kyawawan kyauyar Pear Orlovskaya yana da siffofi na musamman da waje da fasali:
Tree
Wannan iri-iri ne mai faɗi shuke-shuke mai karfi mai girma. Tsawan tsufa na iya isa alamar. a 11-13 mita. Haushi a kan gangar jikin itace yana da tsabta, yana da launin toka.
Krone, rassan. Al'adu ne halin da densely foliage kambi na halayyar pyramidal siffar. Sau da yawa yana girma da ƙarfi sosai cewa yana da wuyar gaske don iyakance girmanta a iyakoki masu tsaka-tsaka tare da m pruning.
Skeletal rassan kambi girma daga wani akwati a wajen m m kwana. Babban rassan sune launin toka.
Harbe. A peculiarity na weakly arcuate harbe ne babba curvature. A saman na harbe rubuta talakawan pubescence. Ƙungiyar ɓangaren ƙaddamarwa, ƙaddamarwar sanyi. A rinjaye launi na harbe ne launin ruwan kasa ko haske launin ruwan kasa.
A kan waɗannan tarurrukan kafa buds tare da conical fi kuma mai santsi surface. Chechevichki da aka gabatar a cikin adadi mai yawa. Ana samar da tsire-tsire mai mahimmanci ta hanyar sauƙi mai mahimmanci.
Bar. Bambanci a cikin babban girma da girma, wani silhouette ellipsoid. Da takarda farantin ne ɗan concave.
Matsayin saman saman takardun takardun yana ƙwalle tare da ɗan gajeren, ya nuna tip. A gefuna akwai matsakaicin matsakaici. M, tare da halayyar mai banƙyama yaren fentin launin duhu. Kowane leaf an gudanar a kan wani reshe ta hanyar mai tsawo tushe.
Inflorescences A furanni sun fito ne daga wata cikakkiyar santsi mai ma'ana na siffar conical. Tsarin tsaka-tsalle yana da matsakaici ko babba, fari a launi, tare da dan kadan a kan rawanin da aka yi.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari
Suna halin matsakaicin matsakaicin da matsakaicin girman. Yawancin lokaci ana bunƙasa 'ya'yan itace tare da fadi, ƙananan soping kwatangwalo yayi kimanin 150 g.
Abin farin, maras ban sha'awa, daɗaɗɗa cikin jin daɗi, kwasfa a lokacin cire kayan daga itacen yana da launi mai launi, amma don cimma burin mai amfani ya samo shi yellow-koren launi tare da ja ko launin ruwan inuwa.
A lokaci guda akwai matakan kananan ƙananan raƙuman ruwa suna bayyane a fili a kan pear. A lokaci guda jiki ne fari tare da launi mai launi kore.
Halin daidaito na wannan pear yana bambanta ta hanyar jin dadi.
A cikin 'ya'yan itace, a cikin kananan ɗakuna iri-iri suna da tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire. Ana sa 'ya'yan itatuwa a kan bishiya tare da elongated, thickened, da ɗan peduncles mai lankwasa.
Hotuna
Halaye
Daya daga cikin amfanin da jinsin yake da kyau high yawan amfanin ƙasa. Tuni a ƙuruciya, ana ba da itatuwan "Orlovskaya kyakkyawa" iri-iri a kowace shekara zuwa ga wani lambu a cikin a matsakaicin zuwa 100 centers a kowace hectare.
Ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan girbi, yawancin nau'in nau'in pear suna kaiwa a lokacin da suka girma. Yanayin da aka kwatanta, zama itace mai girma, ya nuna yawan amfanin ƙasa na 35-40 kg kowace kakar, ko game da 160-200 centers a kowace hectare.
Har ila yau ana nuna alamun da yawa: Yakovlevskaya, Svetlyanka, Bere Bosk, Talgar kyakkyawa da Bere Russkaya.
Duk da haka, irin waɗannan ƙananan rates ba koyaushe ba ne. Don cimma matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma ingancin 'ya'yan itatuwa mafi kyau, ba lallai ba ne kawai don biyan bukatun abubuwan da ake bukata ba. A hanyoyi da yawa, dole mu dogara ga sa'a, wato, a kan yanayin yanayi.
Gaskiyar ita ce, wadannan pears sun sami mafi kyau dandano, idan a lokacin da suka tsufa yana da dumi, dumi weather. Sa'an nan 'ya'yan itatuwa sun zama m, m da kuma dadi mai dadi.
Amma idan lokacin rani ya zama sanyi, ba tare da isasshen ruwan sama ba, to, 'ya'yan itacen "Oryol kyakkyawa" na iya rasa juyayyun su, ya zama busassun, ba mai dadi kuma mai dadi don dandana.
Abin da ke cikin 'ya'yan itace ya hada da irin wadannan sunadaran:
| Haɗuwa | Yawan |
|---|---|
| Sahara | 9,3% |
| Adidir acid | 0,21% |
| P-aiki abubuwa | 24.3 MG / 100 g |
| Ascorbic acid | 3.8 MG / 100 g |
Wani muhimmin amfani da wannan nau'in shi ne kyau hardiness hunturu. Gwaje-gwaje sun nuna cewa har ma da tsananin sanyi har zuwa -35 ° C bazai sa shuka ya zama mummunan lalacewa ba.
Wadannan iri sun bambanta da sanyi juriya: Extravaganza, Uralochka, Tyoma, Larinskaya da Perun.
Dasa da kulawa
"Oryol Beauty" ke tsiro mafi kyau a kan ƙasa mai lahani. Don rayuwarsa mai dadi, ana bada shawara don tabbatar da cewa kasar gona ta kasance mai kyau.
Wani muhimmin abu da ake bukata domin kasar gona - dole ne ya zama ruwan sanyi.
Ƙasa mai laushi, wanda tushen tsarin launi na tasowa, yana da tasiri ga dandano 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Sabili da haka, mai kula da lambun ya kamata ya riƙa tunawa da wannan kuma ya tsara tsaftacewa ta yau da kullum na tsaftacewa.
Amma ga sauran bukatun da aka tsara a gonar gonar, wanda aka shirya shi don dasa nau'in seedling na wannan iri-iri, ba su da bambanci da bukatun don dasa wasu nau'in pears.
Sanya shi dole zama rana mai haske kuma ku kasance a cikin wani wuri mai sanyi, marar iska.
Ana yin sauyawa a watan Afrilu. A karkashin sautin iri rami game da 1 m zurfi da 65-70 cm a diamita. Lokacin da aka dasa itace kada a binne shi - sama da matakin ƙasa Ƙaƙwalwar ƙuƙwalwa ta kamata ta ɗaga ta game da 6-7 cm.
Zaka iya shafe rassan kafin dasa. - Wannan zai ba da damar yin kambi na gaba don ya zama daidai. A wannan yanayin, babu wata hanyar da za ta iya yanke tushen. Wajibi ne a fahimta: da karin tushen da ake samarwa, yana da sauri kuma zai fi tushe a sabon wuri.
Kafin dasa shuka, ko dai humus (humus), ammonium nitrate (80 g), potassium sulphate (150 g), ko superphosphate (1 kg), ko itace ash (700-800 g) ya kamata a saka a cikin rami rami.
Bayan kafa sapling a cikin wani rami kuma yayinda yada yaduwar tushen sa, sun cika tushen tsarin tare da cakuda ƙasa da aka samo a yayin ragar rami, tare da yashi da takin mai magani.
Bayan wannan, an kafa maƙirar kusa kusa. Yankin iyakokin keyi yana da haske shaft 2-3 cm high, gudanar da radius na 35-40 cm
A cikin jaka kamar haka ya halitta 2-3 buckets na ruwan sanyi mai tsabta an zuba. Watering wuri a karshen dasa shi ne mulched tare da bushe humus da sawdust.
Dama mai kyau yana buƙatar yin amfani da ita na yau da kullum (domin wannan nau'in, wannan factor yana da muhimmanci sosai), sassauta ƙasa, taki, dace da cikakken kariya daga cututtuka da kwari.
Cututtuka da kwari
Bambanci "Oryol kyakkyawa" yana nuna high juriya //selo.guru/ptitsa/bolezni-p/gribkovye/parsha.html foliage da 'ya'yan itatuwa.
Bisa ga kididdigar da aka lura, ko da a cikin shekarun da aka yaduwan cutar wannan cuta, lalacewar da ake samu a cikin 'ya'yan itace ya fi kasa da maki 0.2, kuma ya bar - ba fiye da maki 1.1 ba.
Gyaran da ake samu na wannan pear yana bukatar daga cikin lambu mai yawa da hankali ga "sha'awar" da shuka da yawa.
Duk da haka, dandano mai ban sha'awa na 'ya'yan itatuwa da ban sha'awa yana haifar da ƙari ga dukan ƙoƙarin ɗan adam.
