Fescue shine tsire-tsire na ganye na ornamental daga dangin Cereal. Yana samar da wadataccen ruwa mai sihiri, mai kama da kumburi tare da girgiza bakin ciki, kamar gashi, ganyayyaki daban-daban. Dankin ya fi son yankuna masu sanyi, saboda haka yaɗu ko'ina cikin yanayin zafi da sanyi, da kuma tsaunukan tuddai. Fescue yana da tsayayya ga fari, ya tsiro akan ƙarancin ƙasa da gishiri kuma yana buƙatar ƙaramar kulawa. Wasu nau'ikan suna aiki sosai cikin ƙirar ƙasa. Itatuwan kuma yana zama abincin noman rani, wanda ake shuka shi ta hanyar ciyayi.
Bayanin Shuka
Fescue ne mai herbaceous perennial tare da m ko creeping asalinsu. Tsawon mafi yawan nau'in ornamental shine 10-20 cm, amma a cikin yanayi zaka iya samun iri tare da madaidaiciya mai tushe mai tsayi 1.2-2 m. Shuka ya tsiro tsire-tsire na ganye, ganyayen ganye da kuma kafaffun furanni.
A cikin nono na harbi, har ma da gindinta, ganye na ciki mai layi tare da m ko gashi mai laushi. Faɗin takardar ba ta haɗu da cm 1.5. An haɗa faranti na takardar a cikin rabi tare da madaidaicin tsaye, wanda ya sa ya fi karafi. Irin wannan lanƙwasa yana taimakawa shuka ya riƙe danshi mai mahimmanci yayin lokacin bushewa. A saman takardar, ana iya bambance nau'ikan veins daya. Ofarshen ganye yana kama da yanayin fashewar siffa mai banƙyama.
A watan Yuni, fescue fara Bloom, amai yada yada panicle inflorescences kunsha da dama ya fi guntu spikelets a kan bakin ciki peduncle. Tsawon tsinkayen mutum shine 0.5-1.5 cm. stalauren fure da kansu keyi sau biyu muddin ganye suka tashi sama da ciyawar. Sako-sako da panicles ba shuka airiness. An fentin su cikin sautunan launin rawaya masu launin shuɗi-sauƙi kuma sauƙaƙewa daga ƙarancin iska. Keeled Sikeli na unequal size girma a kan spikelets. A ƙarƙashinsu akwai 3 stamens da kwayar obovate, wanda akan ga 2 stigmas bayyane.
Sakamakon pollination, ƙananan (2-5 mm a tsawon) hatsi na oblong sun girma. Daga bayansa akwai tarin kwayoyin cuta a jikinsu, kuma a gaban sa akwai zurfin huhun.
Nau'in kayan ado
Gabaɗaya, fiye da nau'ikan tsire-tsire 660 an yi rijista a cikin abubuwan feshin, amma ba fiye da ashirin da ake amfani da su ba a cikin zane zane mai faɗi.
Fescue makiyaya. A herbaceous perennial tsiro biyu a mike da kuma masauki mai tushe. Tsawon turminsa shine 50-100 cm.Elilai masu yawa na layi suna girma zuwa tsawon cm 30. An fentin shi da launin kore mai haske ko launi mai haske. A watan Yuni, fafaffen fuloti 15 - 15 na bude a fili sun haɗu da tsalle-tsalle masu tsayi akan tsalle-tsalle mara wuya. Tsarin yana da tsayayya ga sanyi, amma yana kula da fari.
Red fescue. Sod ya ƙunshi ɓoyayyen mai tushe tsawon cm cm 6 kuma tsattsauran matakai na kusurwa masu launin ja. Ana aiwatar da ayyukan da yawa tare da kunkuntar fenti 30-40 cm tsayi. Takaddun ganye suna nannade tare da tsakiyar jijiya. Suna da yadudduka fenti kuma ana fentin su cikin launin shuɗi-kore. A lokacin furanni, yadudduka shimfiɗa na kusan cm 12 bayyana. Theayan yana da tsayayya ga sanyi kuma yana fifita ƙasa da ambaliyar ruwa.
Grey fescue. Faƙƙarfan turba mai ban sha'awa yana kama da babban tudun 50-60 cm. Yawancin ƙananan kannun kusurwa masu launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi ko launin shuɗi-shudi yana girma akansa. M farin-kore panicles bayan wilting saya da bambaro ya dafa. Shuka na son zafi kuma baya jure sanyi. Iri:
- blue hump - tururuwa mai lush tare da yawancin kunkuntar masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi;
- lapis lazuli - ana bambanta shi da kyawawan ganye-shuɗi-shuɗi;
- glacial tit - turf 30-40 cm tsayi an rufe shi da kunkuntar shuɗi-mai launin shuɗi.
Kayan tumaki. Dankin yana samar da matashin kai mai zurfi mai zurfi na 20-30 cm babba, yana kunshe da kunkuntar foliage da tsawon lokaci mai tushe. A harbe masu haske kore. A kanta, a farkon lokacin rani, oblong, sako-sako da panicles tare da drooping spikelets Bloom. A jinsunan ne fari haƙuri da girma da kyau a kan matalauta kasa.
Reed fescue. Ciyayi na herbaceous yana tsayayya wa ƙasan saline. Yana da ɗan gajeren rhizome kuma mai yawa mai tushe har zuwa 1.5 m ba ga tsayi. Ganyayyaki masu wuya, kunkuntar suna girma kusa da ƙasa. A watan Yuni-Yuli, farfajiyoyin kafaffun fili suna bayyana tare da tsayi (har zuwa 20 cm) jikewar jijiyoyi.
Gautier fescue. Karamin tsire-tsire da ake ƙaramin tsari suna yin fure har zuwa 10 cm tsayi da cm 60 a diamita. Ya ƙunshi ganyen duhu kore mai duhu. A ƙarshen Yuni, gilashin launin shuɗi-kore tsawon cm 5 cm tsawon firam akan fitila.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Fescue yana yaduwa ta iri da kuma rarraba daji. Tsarin ƙwayoyin iri yakan faru ne ta hanyar seeding. Idan ba a sare ciyawar ba a yanayin da ya dace, to, 'yan ƙwaya da ke tsiro daga cikin kunnuwan ƙasa bisa ga nasu. A cikin bazara matasa harbe bayyana. Bayan wata daya, ana iya dasa su zuwa wuri na dindindin. Idan ba a samo wannan hatsi ba tukuna akan shafin, to, an sayi tsaba suna ƙare a ƙarshen Fabrairu a kwantena don girma seedlings. Kafin dasa, da iri ne soyayyen a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate. Ana amfani da amfanin gona da yawa don samun matashin kai mai yawa. Don yin wannan, a cikin ramuka tare da nisa na 10-20 cm, zuwa zurfin 5 cm, ana sanya tsaba 5 a lokaci daya. Bayan makonni 1.5-2, harbe na farko zai bayyana. Suna haɓaka da sauri kuma nan da nan an samar da turf mai yawa, a shirye don dasawa zuwa cikin ƙasa. Don hana mai tushe daga shimfidawa da yawa, yana da muhimmanci a kiyaye seedlingsan itacen a wuri mai sanyi da kwanciyar hankali.
Zaku iya rarrabu zuwa sassa wani daji mai cike da shekaru 2-3 shekaru. Ana aiwatar da hanyar a watan Afrilu ko Satumba. An gama haƙo sod ɗin kuma an rarraba shi zuwa kananan ƙananan sassa, ba ƙoƙarin lalata tushen sa. Ana shuka tsire-tsire nan da nan a cikin ƙasa mai sabuntawa tare da ƙari na takin ko humus. Irin waɗannan delenki suna buƙatar lokaci don sake girma. Kuna iya hanzarta aiwatarwa idan a cikin hunturu an watsa babban daji zuwa furen fure kuma a kawo shi cikin dakin mai sanyi da kwanciyar hankali. Sun tabbata cewa babu laka a wurin lokacin hunturu. A cikin Maris, mahaifiyar shuka ta kasu kashi biyu kuma an dasa ta a cikin kwantena tare da ƙasa mai shirya.
Saukowa da kulawa
Suna shirin dasa feshin abinci a cikin ƙasa a tsakiyar watan Mayu, lokacin da haɗarin sanyi ya ƙare kuma yanayin ya kasance lafiyayye. Kodayake tsire-tsire masu tsufa suna tsayayya da sanyi, za a iya shafa yara ƙanana. Don yin wannan, tsire-tsire suna buƙatar zaɓar wuraren da aka kunna da haske, ƙasa mai laushi. Asar mai da yawa ba ta da yawa, kamar yadda kusan ƙarshen ruwa yake. Acidity na kasar gona ya zama tsaka tsaki ko kuma dan kadan alkaline.
Kafin dasa shuki, duniya ta haƙa cike kuma ta fitar da lemun tsami da yashi. Bushes ɗin ya ci gaba sosai kuma girma cikin girma, don haka kowane yanki ya kamata a raba shi kuma a dasa shi a kowace shekara 2-3. Ba tare da wannan ba, yanayin ganyayyaki da bushes duka gaba ɗaya na lalata.
Dankin yana da tsananin haƙuri, saboda haka ya zama dole ruwa shi kaɗai tare da tsawan fari da tsananin zafi. Yana da kyau kada a ƙara ruwa da a bugar da ƙasa. Ko da ɗan ƙaramin tsauri na ruwa yakan haifar da lalacewar tushen da mutuwar ɓangaren ciyayi.
Fescue da wuya ciyar da. Ko da a kan ƙasa mai talauci, takin 1-2 a kowace kakar ya isa. Yi amfani da rabin kashi na abun ma'adinai don tsire-tsire masu ɓarna.
Don kiyaye daji kyau, dole ne a datsa. An fara fitar da dabino na farko a farkon bazara, bayan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke. Yana da Dole a cire bushe harbe da ganye, kazalika don tsaftace turɓaya da rake. Bayan inflorescences sun bushe, idan babu buƙatar shirya tsaba, an yanke su.
Yawancin nau'in nau'in gonar feshin suna tsayayya da sanyi kuma har ma suna riƙe da ciyawar ko da a lokacin dusar ƙanƙara. A cikin tsammanin lokacin sanyi da dusar ƙanƙara mai sanyi, bumps an rufe shi da ganye da bushe ciyawa. Matasa suna jure sanyi fiye da na tsofaffi.
Fescue yana da cikakkiyar fassara kuma yana tsayayya da cututtuka da cututtukan fata. Ba ta fama da barazanar kamuwa da yawancin cututtuka, ban da cututtukan fungal. Suna haɓaka a kan tushen sa da ganyayyakin tsire-tsire waɗanda ke rayuwa cikin wurare masu laushi da ambaliya.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Moaƙƙarfan motsin ƙarancin ganye na shuɗi, koren shuɗi, da launin toka, ko lemun tsami inuwa yana da kyau a kan lawn, a tsakanin masararren ƙusoshin dutse, kusa da bakin ko tare da gefen lambun furen. Tushen fescue sosai inganta kasar gona da hana gangara. A kan gangara, zaka iya ƙirƙirar kwamitin sabon abu na bushes na launuka daban-daban.
Karrarawa, cuffs, runduna, tradescantia, Veronica, Miscanthus, da Lungwort zasu iya zama kamfanin shayarwa. Hakanan, ana iya amfani da tsire-tsire azaman tebur na yau da kullun, dasa shuki ba cikin rukuni ba, amma a ko'ina.
