Bukatar sha'awar samun gandun daji a cikin gidanka zai zama gaskiya idan ka sayi nephrolepis.
Wannan itace mai ban mamaki ─ wannan shekarun dinosaur. A lokacin Sarauniya Victoria, ferns ya zama sananne a gidajen Ingila.
Sa'an nan kuma suka yi ado da ɗakunan gidaje da manyan gidajen a Rasha.
Duniya na ferns ta bambanta. A cikin gida na noma akwai wasu jinsuna, shahararrun ferns, nephrolepis.
Sunan da aka karɓa daga haduwa da kalmomin Helenanci biyu: nefris ─ koda da lepsis ─ Sikeli. Nephrolepis mai taurin zuciya ne, kuma a lokaci guda bai sami daidaito ba cikin alheri. Wannan babban nau'i ne. Tsawon ganye yana da bambanci: daga mita 2.5 zuwa 30 cm.
Nephrolepis na iyalin Davallia ne tare da Davallia fern.
Dabbobi
Room nephrolepis ƙidaya game da nau'in jinsin da yawa iri, alal misali:
Tsarki ya tabbata
Mafi yawan iri-iri. Dukansu suna da tukunya kuma suna da girma. A yanayi, shi ne epiphyte. An dasa injin a kan tsayi.
Hotuna na hoto Nephrolepis Girma:
Kwayoyin jijiyoyin jini
Kwayoyin wannan wakilin nephrolepis suna tsaye a tsaye. A kan harbe karkashin ƙasa akwai tuberous cones.
Hotuna na hoto Nephrolepis Cardiac
Green Lady
Plantar Ampelnoe, ana dauke da daya daga cikin mafi kyau ferns: tsawon mai tushe rataya a hankali a cikin wani nau'i na marmaro, da ganye ne openwork, dan kadan juya. Musamman m wannan fern lokacin tsayawa a kan tsayi.
Hotuna na Ƙananan mata na Nero-Nepis Green Lady:
Swordfish
Kayanta ya kai mita daya da rabi zuwa mita biyu. A yanayi, an rarraba a Florida da kuma tsibirin wurare masu zafi a cikin Atlantic. A cikin ɗakuna ana girma a matsayin tsire-tsire mai ban sha'awa.
Hotuna na hoto Nephrolepis Xiphoid:
Boston
An samu kimanin shekaru 100 da suka gabata saboda sakamakon kiwo daga xiphoid fern. Yana da ƙuƙwalwa mai laushi, launuka masu arziki. Akwai Iri iri Boston Nephrolepis.
Hotunan hoto Nephrolepis Boston:
Corditas
Yawancin nau'o'in nau'ikan da ke cikin ƙwayoyin halitta, yana da sha'awa don cin abinci na cikin gida, saboda yana da nau'i mai nau'i mai ban dariya tare da dan kadan ya tashi sama.
Hotuna na hoto Nephrolepis Corditas:
Girma
Tare da wavy da twisted gefuna na ganye, sosai ado.
Abubuwan da suka shafi hotuna Nephrolepis Kinky:
Kulawa na gida
Don tabbatar da shuka yana da kwanciyar hankali a gidan, kana buƙatar sanin wasu siffofin kulawa da ferns.
Bayanan kula bayan sayan
Ajiye sharuɗɗan sun bambanta da yanayin gida, kuma da shuka yana buƙatar yin amfani da shi.
Bayan ya kawo gida daga cikin kantin sayar da kayan, dole ne ka fara saka shi a kan tebur kai tsaye a cikin kunshe da kuma riƙe shi har tsawon sa'o'i.
Sa'an nan kuma ku shiga kuma ku bar wuri guda, duba ƙasa. Idan ya bushe, zuba ruwa a dakin da zafin jiki.
Bayan kwana ɗaya, zaka iya ƙayyade shi zuwa wuri na dindindin. Idan shari'ar ta fara fara bushe, fern tsaye saka a jakar filastik kafin wannan yafa ya shuka.
Suna ajiye shi a karkashin kunshin don 2-3 days, to, dauke shi a rana ɗaya kuma sanya shi a cikin kimanin mako guda kamar kimanin mako guda, to, ku ɗauki kunshin duka gaba daya.
Wannan hanya zai taimaka wajen daidaitawa zuwa ferns girma a Holland, inda ake amfani da yanayin girma na greenhouse don ci gaban girma.
A karo na farko da aka kori Nasrolepis bayan sayan. Yawancin lokaci a cikin makonni biyu. Dole ne a cire kayan shuka a hankali daga tukunyar jirgi, a girgiza tushen tushen juyawa, ƙoƙarin kada su lalata su, cire furen fure, idan an samo shi. A nan gaba, injin ba ya buƙatar sauyawa mai yawa.
Haskewa
Nephrolepis ba ya buƙatar hasken musamman. Abin da kawai ba zai iya sa shi ─ shi ne hasken rana, don haka ya kamata ya zama pritenyat. Kuma mafi kyau a saka a arewa ko arewa maso yammacin windows, da kuma a lokacin rani don aika zuwa ga balcony bude, zuwa gonar da kuma kokarin yin shi a cikin m inuwa.
Wani lokaci yana da amfani ga shuka don juya daya gefen zuwa haske. Nrefrolepsis na girma a cikin inuwa, mai nisa daga tagogi, amma ana buƙatar ƙarin hasken lantarki a can, in ba haka ba injin zai sami mummunan bayyanar.
Zazzabi
Gaskiyar cewa yana da tsire-tsire na wurare masu yawa a asalinta, ya nuna wasu matsalolin da zasu iya tsara yanayin yanayin zafi da zafi.
Nephrolepis Yana son dumi Ya sha wahala daga sauyin yanayi.
Ta kada ku yi shakka a ko'ina cikin shekara kuma zama wani wuri a kusa da digiri 18-20.
Idan nephrolepis sanyi ne, yana daina girma. Bar duhu da fada a kashe. Firas na da cutarwa.
Humidity
Nephrolepis Ana buƙatar zafi. A gare shi, zafi mafi kyau ya kasance a matakin 50-55%.
Kula da yanayi mara kyau ga shuka kamar haka:
- fesa shuka a kai a kai tare da taushi, ruwa mai dumi kuma yayi shi akalla sau biyu a rana;
- cika tire tare da pebbles kuma koyaushe ci gaba da kiyaye shi;
- sanya tukunya a cikin zurfin kwanon rufi da kuma cika shi da gansakuka, moisten shi sau da yawa, kamar pebbles;
- rataya a kan baturin baturi a karkashin taga wanda nephrolepis ya zama tsummaccen zane kuma yana cike da shi kullum;
- don shirya dumi mai dumi a gare shi, bayan rufewa a baya cikin tukunya tare da jakar filastik.
Watering
An shayar da shuka a lokacin shayar da ruwa mai laushi, da kyau a cikin bazara da kuma lokacin rani, a cikin rani sukan rage rage ruwa, a cikin hunturu ana shayar da su sosai. Amma kasar gona kada ta bushe.
Idan tushen wuyansa ya fita daga cikin tukunya kuma yana hana watering, to sai ya fi kyau a zuba cikin kasa da kwanon rufi. Amma bayan wani lokaci bayan an shayar da shi wajibi ne don tabbatar da cewa ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi bai wanzu ba. Dole ne a yi ruwan sama don kauce wa juyawa daga tushen.
Top dressing
Bisa ga A.A.Ladvinskaya a cikin littafinsa mai suna "Decorative Leaf Plants", an yi amfani da nephrolepsies ba tare da kari ba.
Amma mafi kyau abinci Wannan yana taimakawa wajen gina gishiri, wanda yake da muhimmanci ga ferns.
Yawancin lokaci ana amfani da taki mai kyau don tsire-tsire masu ganye.
Ana ciyar da abinci daga Afrilu zuwa Satumba na mako-mako. Mutane da yawa masu amfani da gonaki suna amfani da aikin gona na Agricola don saukakawa.
Tashi
Tare da waɗannan ayyuka yana da amfani bi dokoki da ke ƙasa:
- nephrolrolepsis ya kamata a sake shi sau ɗaya a shekara; Mafi kyau a farkon lokacin bazara (wasu masana sun ba da shawarar yin dasawa a ƙarshen Fabrairu, farkon Maris);
- Don ƙwallon yana da kyau don shirya m, amma yalwaccen tukwane; da fadi da tukunya, da sauri da fern zai girma;
- malalewa ya kamata a dage farawa a kasa na tukunya; ana iya karya yumbu shards da perlite gauraye da gansakuka;
- kasar gona ta ƙunshi kashi 1 na filin sod, 2 sassa na ganye, 1 ɓangare na peat, 1 ɓangare na humus da yashi; dole ne a kwashe gauraya ta hanyar steaming a cikin tanda a digiri 200, ko hagu a waje idan sanyi ta kasa digiri 10;
- zaka iya saya ƙasa da aka shirya don ferns;
- yana da kyau a ƙara ƙwayar da kwalba zuwa gauraya mai laushi;
- An saka Nephrolepis a cikin tukunya, ana narkar da rhizomes a cikin ƙasa, kuma an saka kowane laka na ƙasa mai sauƙi;
- Ƙasa ba za a iya rage girmanta ba;
- ya kamata a sanya shuka shuka a cikin zurfin dakin, kara daga hasken rana;
- Tabbatar da kula da yanayin da ake bukata.
Pruning
Ferns ba sa bukatar pruning, sun yanke kawai wadanda suka rasa alamarsu.
Kiwo
Ana iya yada Nasrolepis a hanyoyi da yawa, yana da kyau a yi waɗannan ayyukan a cikin bazara:
Raba daji
An cire fern daga cikin tukunya, girgiza ƙasa kuma an yanke rhizome, duba cewa akwai ci gaba a kowane bangare.
Sa'an nan kuma duk rabu sassa ana shuka su ne a cikin tukwane da rigar rigar.
Domin mafi kyaun nutsuwa, zaka iya rufe tukwane da gilashin gilashi ko jakar filastik.
A cikin wata daya shuka ya kasance cikin wuri mai sanyi.
Tambayoyi
An fara shuka su a cikin karamin akwati. Don samun spore, kana buƙatar yanka ganye mai laushi kuma cire shi daga kasa ta ciki tare da filastik ko igiya. Spores yafa shi da wani ƙasa na ƙasa kadan da ƙasa da rabin centimeter kuma da shayar. Harbe fara fara a cikin kwanaki 10.
Tubers
Wasu nau'o'in nephrolepis suna samar da tsire-tsire, za a iya shuka shuka ta hanyar rarraba tuber da dan kadan bushewa da yanke, ko kuma za a raba rassan kananan yara a cikin sabon tukunya, harbe ya fito da sauri.
Harbe
Antennae leaf da aka tumɓuke su, suna tayar da su zuwa ƙasa kuma suna tabbatar da su a hankali. Bayan sun bayar da asali da kuma sanya su 2-3, wanda ya kamata a raba shi daga iyayen iyaye da kuma sanya shi a cikin tukunyar da aka raba.
Cututtuka da kwari
An shafe Nephrolepis:
- mealybug
- gizo-gizo mite;
- garkuwa;
- whitefly;
- thrips;
- ganye nematode.
Cibiyar da aka shafa ta bi da actellica ko karbofos.
A lokacin da cutar ta cutar da thrips da leaf nematode, dole ne a lalata shuka.
Idan kamuwa da cutar gizo-gizo, dole ne a bi da ba kawai tsire-tsire ba, amma shinge da sigogi. Mite iya zama a cikin katako na katako na dogon lokaci. Shchitovka yana rinjayar duk tsire-tsire a tsaye kusa.
Sau da yawa shuka ba shi da lafiya saboda rashin lahani a kulawa. Tare da isasshen ruwan inji, an rufe injin da launin ruwan kasa, juya launin rawaya.
Ya buƙatar shirya ruwan sha da kuma rufe littafin cellophane, ya sa a cikin inuwa mai duhu.
Bude jakar kawai don spraying. Sanya nephrolepis ƙarƙashin ruwan sha a lokuta da yawa. Ana yin wannan har sai an mayar da shuka.
Fern zai iya sha wahala saboda rashin haske ko kuma, a cikin wasu, daga hasken rana, lokacin da frogs fara bushe, ya kamata bincika matakin haske.
Nephrolepis yana shafan ganye da tushen nematode. Ya zo ne daga ruwa mara kyau (ma sanyi ko mai wuya). Tsire-tsire za ta lalace.
Nephrolepis kuma zai iya bushe lokacin da asalinsu suna juyawa yayin da ban ruwa ba zai iya jurewa ba ko kuma saboda tara ruwa a kasa na tukunya ba tare da magudi ba.
Amfani masu amfani
Wannan fern yana wanke iska daga gashin gas, yana rarraba tasirin mairosu da kayan tsaftace-tsaren, manne, zane, radiation na lantarki.
Ana bada shawara don fara nephrolepis ga mutanen da ke fama da matsanancin damuwa, tare da rashin ƙarfi. Nephrolepis yana da kyau ga dakunan da ke cika da makamashi.
Tips for growers:
- saka nephrolepis kusa da talabijin a cikin hunturu; da radiation zai zama da amfani ga shuka;
- Ferns ya fi kyau idan sun rabu da wasu tsire-tsire;
- Yana girma a kusa da tankin kifaye;
- Yawancin nephrolepis da yawa sune bakararre, sabili da haka ana iya yada su ne kawai kawai;
- Ferns ne mafi alhẽri saya a lokacin lokacin da dumama ba ya aiki a Apartments, a wannan lokaci ya fi sauƙi a gare su su daidaita, saboda yanayin zafi na iska a cikin dakuna ya fi yadda a lokacin lokacin zafi;
- Ƙungiyar launin ruwan kasa a kan zane-zane a kasa ba cutar bane.
Bidiyo akan batun
Bincike abubuwan ban sha'awa akan fern Nephirolepis daga bidiyon da ke ƙasa:
Kammalawa
Duk da wasu hanyoyi masu kulawa da kulawa, Nephrolepis na daya daga cikin ferns na gida. All godiya ga kyakkyawan lush foliage, wanda zai so m grower.
Wasu ferns na ciki sun hada da: Pelley, Pteris, Cirtriumium, Asplenium, Adiantum, Davallia, Blehnum, Salvinia, Polypodium, Platicerium, Uzhnik da Grozdnik.
