Cokali ɗan ganye ne mai kayan lambu mai ƙauna-zafi, sabili da haka, har ma a tsakiyar layin, girma a cikin ƙasa mara kariya yana da wahala. Amma a kudu, farawa daga yankin tsakiyar Black Earth, wannan shine mafi yawan kayan lambu. Daya daga cikin in mun gwada da sabon nau'in da aka shirya musamman don bude wuraren dumi wurare shine eggplant Black Beauty. Mashahurin sa yana girma da sauri, tunda iri-iri suna da fa'ida da yawa.
Bayani na eggplant iri-iri Black kyau
Eggplant Black kyau - in mun gwada da sabon iri-iri, amma ya riga ya sami damar fada cikin soyayya tare da mutane da yawa lambu. Karatun kwatancin da yawa, mutum na iya samun mahimmancin bambance-bambancen biyu a cikin halayen kayan lambu da kuma tarihin asalinsa. Sai dai itace cewa duk abu ne mai sauki. An fassara mutumin da baƙon fata mai kyau zuwa Turanci a matsayin Black kyakkyawa, kuma a ƙarƙashin wannan sunan akwai, kuma na dogon lokaci, madaidaici daban-daban (mafi dacewa, matasan) asalin asalin Yaren mutanen Holland. Za muyi kokarin murkushe rikicewar tare da bayyana daidai iri-iri na cikin gida Black Beauty.
Asali, yanki mai tasowa
Varietywararrun masana'antu na Agrofirm Search LLC, an bayar da ire-iren wannan nau'in a cikin yankin Moscow, kuma ba a ba da shawarar yin narkar da manyan masana'antu na kayan lambu ba. Dangane da Rajistar Jiha na Federationungiyar Rasha, inda aka gabatar da Black kyakkyawa a cikin 2006, an ba da shawarar iri-iri don haɓaka makircin na sirri a cikin ƙasa mai kariya. Don haka, an fi mayar da hankali ga mazauna rani da talakawa.
Tabbas, ba za'a iya yin tsirowar ƙwai a cikin ƙasa a cikin sararin yanayi mai sanyi ba, kuma takaddar hukuma ta ba da shawarar iri-iri da ake buƙata kawai ga Tsakiyar Black Earth da kuma yankin Caucasus na Arewa. Koyaya, wannan baya nufin ba za'a iya dasa shi a cikin gidan shinkafa ba, kuma amfani da irin wannan dabarar ya faɗaɗa yanayin ƙasa na noma iri-iri. An yi nasara cikin girma a cikin babban layi, ciki har da yankin Moscow, har ma a cikin ƙarin yankuna na arewacin.
Janar halaye na iri-iri
Baƙin fata mai laushi yana da bambancin tsakiyar lokacin don amfani na duniya: an shirya jita-jita iri-iri daga gare ta, har ma da shirye-shiryen hunturu. Ofan daji na wannan ƙwayayen yana da matsakaici-sikelin, shimfida-nesa: kusan 70 cm tsayi .. Ganga shine lilac ko launin shuɗi, tare da gajeren internodes, matsakaitan matsakaici. Ganyen shima girman al'ada ne, kore, farashi.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu launin shuda-launi, launin ruwan hoda-violet ko baƙar fata-baƙi mai launi, mai sheki, sun yi girma a tsayi zuwa matsakaicin 13-15 cm, wani lokacin har zuwa cm 20. Yawan su yana daga 120 zuwa 200 g. haushi da ƙarancin tsaba. Bawo yana da bakin ciki sosai. An kwatanta dandano na kowane jita daga wannan kayan ƙwai.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari cikakke na Black Beauty na iya samun launin baƙi
Amfanin yana sama da matsakaici, kusan kamar sanannun nau'ikan Diamond. Tare da daji guda tare da fasaha mai aikin gona, zaku iya tattara kimanin kilogram 3 na eggplant. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa a 1 m2 kusan kilogiram 7-8 ne. Storedaramin launin ggan itace na Black Beauty ana adana su na ɗan lokaci mai tsayi kuma zasu iya jure jigilar sufuri da kyau, wanda ke sa iri-iri masu ban sha'awa a kasuwanci.
A cikin ƙasa bude, 'ya'yan itaciyar farko suna shirye don girbi kamar kwana 120-140 bayan an baiyana farkon' ya'yan itacen, a cikin ɗan karamin lokaci a cikin kore. Tare da shuka iri na lokaci, wannan yana faruwa kamar a tsakiyar bazara; fruiting yana kasancewa har zuwa ƙarshen watan Agusta, kuma a kudu yana kama farkon watan kaka. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari an kafa su, suna farawa daga mafi ƙarancin tiers na daji.
Masana sun ba da shawara ba kawai a jira har sai lokacin da ake yin tsiran ya cika cikakke ba, har ma don isa ga girman da za a iya samu: saurayi, matsakaici mai ƙyalli yana da ɗanɗano, ko da peeling ba a buƙata.
Juriya daga bambancin cututtukan cututtukan da aka sani yana sama da matsakaici; Koyaya, lokacin girma a cikin greenhouse, yana da mahimmanci don saka idanu sosai a kan zafi da yawan zafin jiki: ba tare da iska ba, da yiwuwar cututtukan kowane nau'in eggplant yana ƙaruwa sosai.
Don haka, Black Kyau ne mai tsaka-tsakin tsintsiya tsaka mai tsayi tare da kyawawan 'ya'yan itatuwa don amfanin duniya.
Tebur: Babban kaddarorin eggplant Black kyau
| Siffar | Daraja |
| Tsarin Shuka | 70-85 cm |
| Lokacin Girbi | Kwanaki 120-140 |
| Weight da siffar tayi | 120-200 g mai siffa lu'u-lu'u |
| Launi na 'ya'yan itace | Viowalletin launin ruwan kasa zuwa baƙar fata mai ruwan baƙi |
| Ulorawa | Rawaya fari, babu haushi |
| Ku ɗanɗani da manufa | Babban, m |
| Matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa | 7-8 kg / m2 |
| Juriya cuta | Babban |
Bayyanar tsiron
Tare da ingantaccen namo, 'ya'yan itãcen eggplant Black Kyau ana halin da matsakaita da girma da kuma kyakkyawan hali eggplant. Da zarar yana yiwuwa a faɗi cewa 'ya'yan itacen suna da kyau a bayyanar da su. Yanzu, a cikin zamanin da ake da bambancin iri, hakan zai zama ƙari.
Fruitsa fruitsan itace ggwan itace blackan kyakkyawan fata da gaske suna kama da lu'ulu'u, launinsu kuwa shine kayan kwai na gargajiya
A daji, yawancin 'ya'yan itacen ana shirya su nau'i-nau'i ko a cikin ƙananan rukuni, tare da mafi ƙarancin nisa daga juna. A lokaci guda, ƙungiyar eggplant, a matsayin mai mulkin, an haife shi kuma yana ci gaba da kasancewa kusan lokaci guda.
Kyakkyawan baƙar fata mutum ya ba da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin ƙananan rukuni, kodayake ba za'a iya kiran su gungu ba
Abvantbuwan amfãni da nakasa, bambance-bambance daga wasu nau'ikan
Wannan bawai ace duk ra'ayoyi iri-iri sun dace da kutse ba “Ah!”, Amma masoya da kwararru sun lura da kyawawan halaye na Black Handsome da yan koyo. Wannan, alal misali, ire-iren amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa, da kuma:
- babban aiki;
- compactness na shuka;
- kyakkyawar gabatar da 'ya'yan itatuwa, safarar su;
- kyakkyawan dandano na kowane dafa abinci, ba tare da haushi ba;
- unpretentiousness a barin;
- babban cuta juriya;
- daidaitawa da canza yanayin yanayi;
- karamin adadin tsaba.
Ana ganin mafi yawan halayen dangi galibi:
- da rashin yiwuwar yin girma a tsakiyar layin ba tare da matattarar tsire ba;
- karfi da dogaro da kayan masarufi a matakin fasaha;
- babban buƙatu akan haske.
Koyaya, fewan sanannun nau'in sanannun basu da wadannan raunin. Don haka, babu nau'ikan da yawa don ƙasa mara kariya wacce ake noma ta ba tare da matsala a yankuna masu sanyi ba. Kodayake, alal misali, Sarkin Arewa matasan yana samun nasara cikin girma ba tare da katako ba ko da a Siberiya, amma sake dubawa game da dandanorsa suna da sabani sosai. Yawancin Negus suna da kyau sosai a cikin irin wannan yanayin, amma 'ya'yan itacen da za su dandana su ana kimanta su da kyau. Ingancin abincin ƙungiyar Esaul yana da matuƙar godiya, amma yawan amfanin sa ya ƙanƙanta.
Siffar fruita ,an, wannan nau'in yana da ɗan tunano da ƙwayayen Albatross, wanda aka yankashi a yankin Volan Volga, amma Albatross ya ɗan ɗanɗano ɗan baya, kuma juriyarsa da cuta tayi muni. Da farko, 'ya'yan itaciyar lu'u-lu'u masu nau'in Vera suna shirye don girbe, amma ba zai iya yin fahariya da yawan aiki ba. Koyaya, za a iya ci gaba da kwatancin na har abada: idan ingantaccen iri ya wanzu, ba za a buƙaci waɗansu ba.
Siffofin dasa da girma
A yankuna kudu kawai zai yuwu a shuka fure a cikin hanyar da ba ta nuna seedling ba, har ma sannan suna kokarin dasa iri iri. Don samun lokacin girbi mutumin da baƙar fata mai baƙar fata, shuka iri a cikin lambu ya zama dole a farkon ko a tsakiyar Afrilu. Idan zazzabi iska a wannan lokacin saita kasance akalla 15 game daC, to a kudu suna shuka tsaba a cikin gado zuwa zurfin 2 cm, suna shuka ramuka 3-4 a kowane rami. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, duk tsaba ba su yi girma ba, saboda haka sun bar ɗayan, mafi ƙarfi daga nan, to, wasu lokuta biyu. Amma har ma a cikin yankuna masu zafi, an rufe amfanin gona da fim, kuma ana ajiye shuki a ƙarƙashin murfin fim don makonni na farko.
Dasa shuka da tsiro
A mafi yawan lokuta, namo eggplant yana farawa ne da shuka iri don shuki. Dole ne ya girma a gida, saboda al'ada ce mai tsananin zafin wuta. Sun shirya don tsari mai tsawo, suna tara tsaba, ƙasa don seedlings da kwantena masu dacewa a cikin hunturu.
Shuka tsirowar eggplant ya haɗa da matakai waɗanda sanannu ne ga kowane mai lambu, don wannan al'ada yana da kyau a yi ba tare da ɗauka ba, nan da nan shuka tsaba a cikin babban tukwane, peat optimally peat. Hanyar yin girma ga seedlings yana da tsawo da wahala, ya ƙunshi ayyuka kamar haka:
- tsabtace iri (magani na rabin sa'a tare da bayani mai duhu na potassium permanganate) da ƙasa (yayyafawa da ruwan hoda mai haske irin shiri);
- hardening na kumbura tsaba a cikin firiji da kuma sarrafa su da kowane haɓaka haɓaka (aƙalla 1: 5 ruwan 'ya'yan aloe diluted da ruwa);
- shuka tsaba a cikin tukwane na peat zuwa zurfin 1.5-2 cm;
- wajabcin rage yawan zafin jiki ta kwanaki 5-6 zuwa 16-18 game daDaga kai tsaye bayan bayyanar farkon harbe;
- kiyaye yawan zafin jiki na akalla 23-25 game daC anan;
- m matsakaici rare ruwa da kuma manyan kayan miya 2-3 tare da takaddun ma'adinai mai ma'ana;
- hardening na seedlings, da za'ayi kwanaki 7-10 kafin dasa shi a cikin ƙasa.
Lingsa Seedan itace kowane irin eggplant ana shuka su ne a cikin gado yana da shekaru 60-70 kwana. Kyakkyawan area arean bushes ne bushes akalla 20 cm tsayi; yakamata ya kasance daga manyan ganye 5 zuwa 8. Aƙalla a cikin gidan kore, aƙalla a cikin ƙasa mara kariya, ana iya canja wurin seedlings kawai lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa ya tashi zuwa akalla 15 game daC. Idan matsakaita yawan zafin yau da kullun zuwa wannan lokacin bai kai 18-20 ba game daC, dole ne a ba da mafaka na fim na ɗan lokaci.
Kyakkyawan ƙwayar eggplant sunyi kama da karamin itace
Cikakken lokacin dasa shuki ya dogara ba kawai kan yanayin dogon lokaci ba, har ma da yanayin yau da kullun a yankin. Kusan a kudu, ana tura seedlings zuwa gonar a ƙarshen Afrilu ko farkon Mayu, a cikin yankuna na tsakiyar wata daya daga baya, kuma a Siberiya ko Urals - a tsakiyar watan Yuni. Koyaya, Baƙon da baƙar fata mai kyau bai kamata a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa mai tsaro ba a cikin yankuna tare da yanayin mai sanyi, ba a yi nufi da wannan ba. Zai fi kyau dasa shuki a maraice lokacin da rana ta riga ta faɗi, kuma yana da kyau idan ana tsammanin yanayin girgije don kwanaki 2-3 masu zuwa.
Dasa dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa da ci gaba da kulawa da shi
Kwanan gado don eggplant an shirya tun kafin dasa shuki seedlings, optimally - har ma a cikin fall. Tabbas suna da kyau tare da taki mai lalacewa tare da ƙari na itace ash da ƙaramin adadin ma'adinai. Matsayi a ƙarƙashin ƙwayayen yakamata ya kasance yana rana yana rufewa daga sakamakon iska mai sanyi. A cikin yanayin da ba shi da isasshen yanayi, ana sanya gadaje masu “dumi” don waɗannan kayan lambu: sharan gona iri daban daban ana sanya su a cikin ƙananan sashinsu, bazuwar abin da ke haifar da dumama ƙasa a cikin yankin tushen. Ana dasa ggan kwalabe kaɗan da zurfi idan aka kwatanta da yadda suke girma cikin tukwane.
Ana sanya shinge na Black Beauty a kan gado bisa ga kowane tsarin da ya dace, amma ana kiyaye nisan da ke tsakanin su aƙalla 40-50 cm. Hanya don dasa shuki na wannan tsiran ƙwaya bai bambanta da ɗayan da ake karɓa ba. An sanya tukwane na peat tare da seedlings a cikin ramuka waɗanda aka riga aka haɗe tare da ƙaramin zurfin, game da cm 2-3. Ba a yi amfani da gangara game da batun kwai ba. A bu mai kyau a tsaya nan da nan cikin turaku: duk da cewa wannan nau'in ba mai tsayi sosai, yawanci yana buƙatar garter. Seedlings a cikin wani sabon wuri ana shayar da ruwa mai zafi a rana, bayan da ƙasa a kusa da tsire-tsire an rufe shi da bakin ciki na ciyawa. Tabbatar rufe filayen a farkon farko, mafi kyawun yanayi - tare da kayan da ba a saka ba.
Ana shuka 'yan itacen Eggplant a tsaye kuma ba a binne su.
Da farko, har sai tsirrai suka sami ƙarfi da kuma ci gaba girma, babu abin da ya kamata a yi da shi, sai dai a sanya ido a kan mafaka. Sa'an nan kula da eggplant kunshi ruwa, kai miya, forming wani daji, garter shi. Kyakkyawan ƙwayayen Blackaƙi Blackan kyau yana ɗayan hygrophilous, kuma ya kamata a shayar da shi akai-akai, aƙalla sau ɗaya a mako tare da adadin kumburi na 3-4 buckets a kowace murabba'in mita. Zai fi kyau a yi wannan da maraice, a mai da rana cikin ruwa.
A lokacin girman 'ya'yan itace girma, ana shayar dasu sosai kuma sau da yawa. Bayan ban ruwa da ɗan bushewa na duniya, kwance ƙasa na zama dole, tare da halakar ciyawa. A tsawon lokaci, bushes ɗin zai rufe, zai zama da wuya a sassauta shi, maimakon haka suna amfani da ci gaba da mulching na lambun.
Tuni bayan makonni 1.5-2 bayan dasa shuki, an ba da kwancin kwai na farko a cikin miya, kuma ana ciyar da sau 3-4 ne kawai a lokacin bazara. Ba dole ne a ba da Organic da yawa ba, da ma mara amfani na nitrogen ma: wannan yana haifar da haɓaka ƙwayar bushes zuwa lalata ofan itace mai cike. Kuma idan an ciyar da farkon ciyar da takin gargajiya (mullein ko droppings kaza) ko tare da maganin takin gargajiya (kamar azofoska), to an rage adadin nitrogen a nan gaba. Kusan suna amfani da superphosphate da potassium salts, amma zaka iya maye gurbin wannan girke girke tare da ash ash na yau da kullun.
Lokacin girma eggplant, Black Beauty ba zai iya yin ba tare da samuwar daji ba. Ya fara da gaskiyar cewa an cire duk ciyayi a ƙasa cokali mai yatsa na farko. Bayan kai girman 35 cm, tsunkule babban shoot. Game da mummunan yanayi, ƙoƙarin adana akalla abubuwan da ke akwai, an cire matakan ƙafa. Idan yawan furanni da ovaries sun kasance babba, an cire mafi rauni: fiye da 10 cikakkun 'ya'yan itatuwa daji da wuya yawancinsu ba su da ƙarfi. Yayinda ganyayyaki suka juya launin toka, su ma an yanke su; ka cire wadanda suke rufe 'ya'yan itatuwa daga rana.
Bidiyo: dasa shuki a cikin tsiron ƙasa
Nasiha
Kabeji "Black Beauty" Na fara girma shekaru uku da suka gabata. Kawai lokacin da na sayi tsaba na lura da su kuma na karbe su. Kuma ina matukar son su. A wannan kakar ban sayi wasu nau'in tsiro ba banda "Black Beauty".
Kondratyuk
//otzovik.com/review_905298.html
Cake eggplant iri-iri Black kyau. Ina son sosai, ba gaba daya daci, amma na tsakiyar marigayi ripening. Na fi so iri-iri!
Nymphaeum
//frauflora.ru/viewtopic.php?t=6778
Dasa "Black kyakkyawa" kyakkyawan kwai, amma shekaru biyu da suka gabata na dasa kawai "Helios", zagaye, ba tare da haushi ba.
Alla Terekhova
//otvet.mail.ru/question/71837807
... Ba a yarda da girbi ba. Tare da Giselle ba za a iya kwatanta su ba. Amma da zarar yayi magana akan komai. Ya yi kyau in rubuta game da shi, wataƙila zan sake yin abokai tare da shi.
Radiant
//www.asienda.ru/post/12716/
Eggplant Black kyau, ba shakka, yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi kyawun tsakiyar lokacin. Abin takaici, a cikin ƙasa mara kariya ana iya girma a cikin yanayin dumin yanayi, duk da haka, a cikin gidajen kore, ana noma iri-iri a cikin kewayen. Babban abin ɗanɗano ya cancanci ƙoƙari don kula da ƙwayayen.
