Babu wani tsiro a Duniya wanda yanayi yayi aiki a hankali. Orchids sun shahara ba wai kawai saboda kyawun su ba, har ma da ire-iren siffofi dabam dabam. M tsire-tsire masu tsayi suna daɗewa da sabawa a cikin latitude na Rasha kuma ana ɗaukarsu marasa fassara. Koyaya, akwai dalilan da yasa orchid ya bushe.
Babban dalilan wilting
Theyayen fure na orchid alama ce ta rashin ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki.
Flaccid orchid
Wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da tushen tsarin da bangare na shuka ma zai iya.
Hypothermia
Temperaturesarancin yanayin zafi na yau da kullun ne. Idan ganye suka fara bushewa a Phalaenopsis, ana bada shawara don duba zafin jiki kusa da taga. Bai kamata ya faɗi ƙasa + 15 ° C ba, in ba haka ba farantin zai rasa motsi, kuma tsire-tsire masu zafi zai daina yin fure har ma ya ɓace.
Yawan zafi
Matsanancin zafi ma yana cutar da orchids. Karkashin tasirin yanayin zafi mai yawa, ruwa yana ta motsa ruwa daga kasa, kuma tushen tsarin yana fama da raunin danshi. An tilasta shuka wannan don amfani da "ajiyar" kansa, yana tsotse ruwa daga ganyayyaki.
Babu wadataccen ruwa
Furanni na cikin gida suna fuskantar karancin danshi tare da ban ruwa mara kyau. Wasu masu shayar da tsire-tsire bayan wani lokaci na lokaci, ba su kula da yanayin ƙasa ba.
Fatararbaran Faranti
Soilasa na iya bushewa a baya saboda zafi, wani friability na substrate, girman tukunya.
Waterlogging
Orchids yana ƙaunar 'sha', amma matsanancin danshi yana cutarwa ga tushen - yana hana iska kadaitawa cikin ƙasa. Idan substrate mai yawa ne, to, sashin karkashin kasa ya zama mai saurin kamuwa da cuta, zai iya jujjuyawa. A sakamakon haka, ganyen orchid za.
Wuce ikon
Manyan miya suna da kyau a matsakaici. Phalaenopsis yana da hankali ga karuwar yawancin abubuwan aiki a cikin ƙasa. Saboda wuce haddi na gishiri, Tushen na iya bushewa, tsari zai canza zuwa na sama na tsirrai.
Me yasa frown ganye
Matsala ta biyu wacce masu shukar fure akan wasu orchids a wasu lokutan take yankan ganye ne. Rashin haɓakawa galibi yana da alaƙa da kasawa a cikin hanyoyin nazarin halittu. Dalilan da aka bayyana a kasa suna haifar da hakan.
Tushen tsarin tushen
Babban sashin jiki wanda ke ba da ƙarfi ga ɗaukacin tsire shine tushen. Idan ya ji rashin jin daɗi, ɓangaren ƙasa zai sha wahala. Daga cikin dalilan da ke haifar da tarnaki na ganye, zamu iya bambancewa:
- rashin abinci mai gina jiki (a wasu kalmomin, tsautsayi substrate);
- busasshiyar ƙasa wacce ba ta ba da tushen danshi;
- tukunyar jirgi, mai hana tsarin haɓaka.
Tushen marasa lafiya
Idan waɗannan abubuwan ba a kawar da su cikin lokaci ba, Tushen zai bushe, ɗanyen ganye zai fara jujjuyawa, ya fado, kuma orchid zai mutu da sauri.
Karin kwari
A m shuka ne talauci resistant zuwa tsotsa kwari (thrips, ticks, scutes, gari tsutsotsi, aphids). Parasites suna tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ganyen, sai farantin nan da nan ya fara narkewa. Baya ga asarar turgor, akwai haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan hoto.
Cututtuka
Wani orchid na iya kamuwa ba kawai daga kwari. Akwai wasu dalilai waɗanda ke haifar da cututtukan tsire-tsire masu zafi.
Babban cututtuka na orchids
| Dabbobi | Dalilai | Alamu |
|---|---|---|
| Rot | ||
| Baki | Hypothermia, ya raunana da kwari rigakafi | Ana shafar kowane sassa na shuka. Ganyayyaki ba kawai alagammana, amma saya na baki tint |
| Kawa | Yawan wuce gona da iri da karancin yanayin zafi | Cutar sau da yawa yakan shafi matasa ganye, yana nuna haske launin ruwan kasa mai aibobi. |
| Fuskantarwa | Babban zafi, tashin iska mara kyau | Farantin ganye na ganye, ya zama flabby, ya zama an rufe shi da spores fungal na fure |
| Gashi | Take hakkin halaye, ciyar da rashin kyau | Tsibiri mai duhu, mashaya tare da launin toka mai launin toka, zai shafi ba kawai ganye ba, har ma da alkalami da tuni an buɗe furanni |
| Sauran cututtuka | ||
| Spotting | Yawancin haske kai tsaye a farkon lokacin girma, ciyar da wuce kima, sharar ruwa mara kyau | Duhun m daskararre suna bayyane a bayyane akan ganyen da suka ɓace ɓarke. |
| Anthracnose | Babban zafi | Baƙar fata mai duhu tana girma akan ganye mai wrinkled da pseudobulbs, bayan wannan duhun ya bayyana. |
| Powdery mildew | Greenhouse sakamako (high zafi a high zazzabi) | Ana ganin farin murfi a ganye da ganye. Facin orchid masu lalacewa sun fara bushewa kuma fure ya mutu |
Kwayar cutar ta kwayar cuta da aka gabatar a cikin Phalaenopsis ta hanyar kwari suna bayyana akan ganyayyaki masu yankan ruwa tare da aibobi zagaye.
Kwayar cutar ta kamu da ƙwayar orchid
Kuna iya ganin wasu "art" na zanen mosaic: kibiyoyi da rariyoyi.
Juyawa
Lokacin motsi orchids daga wannan akwati zuwa wani kwanakin farko na shuka zai zama mai laushi. Idan bayan kwanaki 5 wrinkling a cikin ganyayyaki bai ƙetare ba, kuma turgor ɗin ya ci gaba da faɗuwa, an yi aikin dasawa ba tare da lura da buƙatun fasahar aikin gona ba:
- an zaɓi abin da ba daidai ba;
- rikicewar acid-base balance;
- babu rami na magudana a cikin akwati (alal misali, ana amfani da kwanon gilashin gilashi maimakon tukunya).
Kula! Idan ba a dasa shuki a kan lokaci ba, Tushen zai raunana, kuma ba za su sami isasshen ƙarfi don samun gindin zama a cikin sabon akwati ba.
Me yasa ganye yana da taushi da laushi
Idan ganyayyaki na orchid suna da taushi kuma dalilai na rashin hankali ya kamata a neme su da keta tsarin gwamnatocin, da kuma cututtuka. Daidaitaccen ma'anar abubuwan cutarwa zasu taimaka wajen kiyaye tsiron cikin gida.
Yawan zafi
Al’adun Tropical sun koyi yadda ake jure zafin. Dogon lokaci zuwa yanayin zafi yana haifar da zafi sosai na shuka, kuma tana ratsa danshi sosai. Hakanan ana maye gurbin substrate ga irin wannan aikin.
A shuka ya overheated
Tushen suna fama da ƙishirwa, suna zama masu jan rai. Ba su da ikon tallafawa ƙasa, kuma ciyawar da sauri ta yi girma.
Tushen cututtukan
Dalilin gama gari wanda yasa za'a iya kiran ganye mai laushi na orchid wrinkle matsaloli tare da tsarin tushe. Don tabbatar da wannan, kuna buƙatar matsar da shuka mai rauni. Idan tushen ba shi da lafiya, fure zai iya motsawa cikin motsi.
Lokacin da aka fitar da shuka daga tukunyar kuma bincika sashinta na karkashin kasa, zaku iya ganin alamun launin ruwan kasa da ke nuni da jujjuyawar tushen (a cikin lafiya orchid suna da haske kore). Ana kuma shafa ƙananan ƙananan ganyayyaki, wanda da farko ya yi laushi, sannan ya mutu a kashe.
Rashin danshi
Orchids sune tsire-tsire masu epiphytic kuma suna jure rashin rashi, abun ciki tare da nasu ajiyar. Wani lokaci ban ruwa foliar ya ishe su. Idan substrate ba ya danshi a dogon lokaci, ya zama denser, saiwoyin sa suka shiga cikin tarko "dutse kurkuku". Mai takaici, tsarin ba zai iya ciyar da wasu sassan shuka ba. Wannan kai tsaye nan take kaiwa zuwa lethargy na ganye.
Ruwa mara kyau
A cikin kulawa na orchid, ba kawai yawan ruwa ba ne mai mahimmanci, har ma da ingancin ruwan da ake amfani da shi. Matsa ruwa bai dace a nan ba - an yi gishiri sosai tare da abubuwan rashin ƙarfi. A hankali suna tara abubuwa a cikin kayan, suna haɗa shi da gubobi.
Kula! Tafasa yanayin bai gyara shi ba - kuna buƙatar danshi mai laushi. Sabili da haka, ya fi kyau a ɗauki ruwa mai narkewa ko tara ruwan sama. A cikin hunturu, zaku iya narke dusar ƙanƙara, cire kankara daga bangon injin daskarewa a kowane lokaci na shekara.
Magungunan Orchid
Idan an samo ganyayyaki masu rauni a cikin orchid, kuna buƙatar gano ainihin dalilin matsalar don ɗaukar matakan da suka dace. A cikin lokuta masu laushi, magungunan jama'a sun dace da magani. A cikin halin da ake ciki na ci gaba, ya cancanci juyawa ga mafi yawan kwayoyi.
Sauran hanyoyin magani
Ba duk matsalolin da ke haifar da fashe orchids za a iya kawar da su ta hanyar ingantacciyar hanya ba. A matakin farko, wasu girke-girke za su jimre wa wasu cututtuka.
Madadin magani don cututtuka
| Yana nufin | Yadda za a dafa | Yadda ake nema |
|---|---|---|
| Soda ash bayani | · Ana kawo ruwa (5 l) a tafasa; Dis narke soda (25 g); Addara sabulu mai ruwa (5 g); Allow Bada izinin kwantar da zazzabi a ɗakin | Tare da hutu na mako guda, ana kula da tsirrai da kansar sau 2-3 a kowace kakar |
| Karkatar da man gas | Permanganate (2.5 g) an narke cikin ruwa (10 l) | Fesa orchid kamar wata tare da tazara na 5 days |
| Yin Buga | Soda (1 tablespoon) an haɗe shi da sabulu mai ruwa (0.5 tsp); · Karkatar da ruwa (4 l) | An shuka tsiron sau 3 a lokutan mako-mako. |
| Ash | · Ruwa (10 l) mai zafi zuwa 35 °; Ur zubo ash (1 kg); · Nace kwanaki 5-7; · Filter; Addara karamin sabulu (ruwa) | Ana magance matsalar maganin orchid na kwana 3 a jere |
| Cutar sukari | 4 tsp an narkar da shi a gilashin ruwa sukari | A maraice, ana ɗaukar farantin ƙasa na takardar flaccid tare da bayani ta amfani da goga mai ruwa na ruwa. Da safe, dole ne a wanke murfin mai daɗi don tsire-tsire ya iya numfasawa |
Informationarin bayani. Dole ne a cire wuraren da ke cikin daji na daji, wuraren da aka yanke tare da carbon wanda aka kunna tare da carbon ko wakili mai ɗauke da tagulla. Yi daidai da tsarin tushen.
Don shawo kan kwari sosai, zakuyi la'akari da nau'in kwari. A kowane yanayi, an wanke orchid a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudana, yana cire parasites da hannu. A wannan yanayin, za'a iya amfani da maganin sabulu.
Folk magunguna don kwari
| Kwaro | Matakan sarrafawa |
|---|---|
| Garkuwa | Ana bada shawara don shafa wuraren da aka lalace tare da barasa na ethyl, man zaitun, ruwan tafarnuwa |
| Aphids | Haɗuwa da albasa mai ƙwanƙyashe ko 'ya'yan lemo na taimakawa sosai. |
| Zukata | Kuna iya ƙara barasa mai ƙanshi ko man zaitun a cikin kayan sabulu |
| Spider mite | Kyakkyawan ƙaddara kyakkyawa na ƙwayoyin cyclamen na taimakawa, wanda ke buƙatar sarrafa orchid sau da yawa, riƙe tazara ta kwanaki 5 |
| Thrips | Dace tafarnuwa mai kyau ko albasa bayani (1 tsp gruel a kowace gilashin ruwa), kazalika da man zaitun da aka narkar da ruwa (2 tbsp da lita 1) |
Ikon kwaro
Mahimmanci! Yayin aikin orchids, yana da kyau a cire kowane nau'in kayan adon. Wannan na iya hanzarta yaduwar kwari.
Chemical
Idan fure ta shafi daskararre, ana amfani da fungicides (HOM, Kuprazol, Fundazol, sulfate copper), suna fesa tsire-tsire masu cutar sau 3 tare da wani lokaci na kwanaki 10. A cikin cututtukan ƙwayar cuta, ana amfani da Gentamicin, Furacilin, Streptocid.
Kula! Idan an sami cikakkiyar nasara, orchid yana da sauƙin lalata. Kada ku amsa magani da cututtukan hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri.
Amma game da kwari, Anan an zaɓi magungunan magungunan kashe kwari waɗanda ke shafar abinci da tsarin juyayi.
Kwayoyin cuta
| Kwaro | Shirye-shirye |
| Garkuwa | Bayan cire maganin kwayar cutar, an kula da tsiron tare da Fitoverm ko Actellik, ana maimaita hanya bayan sati daya |
| Aphids | Bayan shawa, ana kula da fure tare da Chlorophos ko Fitoverm |
| Zukata | Sau biyu a sati-mako na fesa kasa da shuka da makullin |
| Thrips | Bayan cire wuraren da aka lalace, an yi furannin fure tare da Actellic ko Fitoverm. Bayan kwana 10, ana maimaita hanya. |
Inganci far
Domin kada ya cutar da shuka, yin amfani da magungunan kashe qwari ya zama dole bisa ga umarnin da aka lika wa likitan.
Arin kulawa orchid
Tooƙarin sake neman fure mai rauni, bai kamata ku tsammaci sakamako mai sauri ba. Don murmurewa, orchid zai buƙaci aƙalla kwanaki 3. Kulawar shuka yadda yakamata yana da mahimmanci anan:
- a farkon, an daidaita dukkan hanyoyin: zafi, haske, ban ruwa;
- kula da yanayin zafi mafi kyau a cikin kewayon 60-70%;
- Kwanaki 10 bayan jiyya, ciyarwa, wanda ya kamata ya zama matsakaici, sake ci gaba;
- Sau ɗaya a wata, ana wanka orchid a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudu;
- kowace kwana 30 ana zannan zanen gado tare da tagulla;
- danshi da aka makale a cikin babban ɓangaren ɓarna da sinus an cire shi nan da nan tare da bushe, tsabta zane;
- a kai a kai a kwantar da dakin, a tabbatar da isasshen iska ko'ina a ganyen Phalaenopsis.
Idan matsalar ta shafi tsarin tushen, zai fi kyau a dasa shuki a cikin wata tukunyar, wacce ke ƙarƙashin matsewar ta ta-da-ka-mutu-ta. Rashin daidaituwa da sabon abu. Juyawa zai rage fure, amma ba zai bada izinin shuka ya bushe ba.
