Skumpiya itace tazarar shekaru ko bishiya mai tsinkaye daga dangin Sumakhov. Ya girma a Eurasia da Arewacin Amurka. Mutanen suna kiranta da “itacen ƙamshi”.
Yana da duhu ko shuɗi ko launin toka-burgundy mai fure, mai kama da gajimare mai ruwa. Itace ba wai kawai tayi ado da kowane shafi tare da kambi na sarauta ba, ana amfani dashi don shirya kayan ado na magani.
Bayanin
Mackerel shine fure mai fure tare da yada rassa. Yana girma cikin tsayi zuwa rabin zuwa uku. Tsammani na rayuwa ya kasance ne daga shekaru 45 zuwa 100. Harbe yana fitowa daga farkon gangar jikin. A cikin tsoffin samfurori, da haushi fara exfoliate tare da faranti.
A ganye ne zagaye ko m-mai siffa a kan elongated petioles, duhu kore. Farar faranti tare da m ko gefuna gefuna. Suna girma zuwa biyar zuwa takwas santimita. A cikin kaka, sun zama ja, launin shuɗi, shunayya, alkuki, zinariya.
A ƙarshen bazara da farkon kaka, dogon inflorescences har zuwa santimita talatin da ke kama abubuwa suna fitowa daga cikin ganyayyaki. Corolla ta ƙunshi gajarta mara fata da kuma stan yatsun elongated na bakin ciki. Furanni masu launin shuɗi masu launin shuɗi masu ƙananan girma. A madadinsu suna bayyana dogayen riguna, an rufe su da villi. Suna girma har bayan itacen da kanta ta daina. Sakamakon haka, scoopia yana ɗaukar bayyanar sihiri: yana kama da girgije mai ruwan hoda mai haske.
Wannan ciyawar tana da 'ya'ya. Tana fitar da 'ya'yan itatuwa a cikin nau'ikan drupes tare da bakin ciki, fata mai duhu, suna girma a cikin Yuli-Agusta.
Iri Skumpy
Akwai nau'ikan scoopia guda bakwai, amma biyu ne kawai suke girma kamar shuka mai ado:
| Take | Bayanin |
| Fata | Yana farawa daga kasa. Ya kai mita daya da rabi zuwa uku. Harbe tare da duniyan haushi. Jirgin ruwan da ya kai shekara guda ya zama mai launin kore ko ja. A zagaye zagaye na ganye, alamu na jijiyoyi a bayyane. A ƙarshen Mayu da farkon Yuni, ƙananan furanni masu launin shuɗi ko kore sun bayyana. Bayan fure sun fadi, kujerun sun juya launin ruwan hoda, tsawan su. Ba da daɗewa ba, an samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa tare da kashi ba tare da ɓangaren litattafan almara ba. |
| Ba’amurke | Itace mai kambi mai kyau. Ya girma zuwa mita biyar. Ganye suna zagaye, kore mai haske. A cikin tsayi har zuwa 12 santimita. A farkon watanni biyu na bazara, yawancin adadin inflorescences an kafa su. Wannan nau'in yana da tsaurin sanyi. |
Iri daban-daban na yankin Moscow
A cikin yanayin Yankin Yankin Moscow da kuma duk yankin tsakiyar yankin, fataccen fata yana rayuwa cikin nau'ikan da ke tafe:
| Take | Bayanin |
| Yarinya | A daji tare da cikakken kore foliage. Ya kai mita hudu. Furanni masu launin kore suna zama cream ko ruwan hoda tsawon lokaci. |
| Royal shunayya (daidai) | Shruban ƙaramin shuki Girma a hankali. Tana da kambi mai launin shuɗi-zagaye, wanda ke jujjuya shuɗi a kaka. Yana bayar da kuzarin hasken wuta. |
| Rubrifolius | Yawancin scoopia mai tsananin zafi-mai ƙauna, amma zaka iya ƙoƙarin shuka shi a cikin gari, tare da sanyi. Tana da ganyayyaki masu launuka iri-iri masu launin shuɗi-shuɗi. A cikin tsayi ya kai mita uku zuwa biyar. |
| Alheri | Mumps Grace na daukar tushe sosai a tsakiyar layi. Itace mai girma da sauri tare da yada rassa. A cikin tsayi ya kai mita uku zuwa biyar. Furen yana da launin ruwan hoda a lokacin bazara kuma ya yi ja a lokacin bazara. Faraan faranti |
Tsarin gargajiya na Lilla, Ruhun, Folis (folis) Purpureis kuma za'a iya girma a Yankin Moscow. Suna thermophilic kuma suna buƙatar tsari a cikin yanayin sanyi.
Saukowa
Muhimmin abu shine a zabi wuri mai kyau da ƙasa. Dukkanin tsire-tsire na rani suna girma a cikin kwantena. An yi disembarkation a cikin fall.
Wuri
Don saukowa, an zaɓi wurin buɗe wuraren da aka fi yawan haske. Mafi dacewa - a kan gangara ko karamin tudu. Landasan ƙasa ba ta dace ba, akwai ruwan ƙarƙashin ƙasa kusa da farfajiya. Shuka ba ta son yawan danshi.
Ya kamata a ɗauka a hankali cewa skumpiya ke tsiro a bangarorin daga mita uku zuwa biyar. Lokacin da yankin yana iyakantacce, ya fi kyau a zaɓi harbe a cikin tukwane fiye da daidai.
Kasar
Skumpia ba ta da tushe game da ƙasa. Isasa ta dace da lambu. Gara a zaɓi haske da iska.
Zurfin ramin ya dogara da girman tushen tsarin harbin. An bada shawara don ƙara lemun tsami don mafi girma girma. Kodayake shuka tana rayuwa a cikin ƙasa mara kyau, yana da kyau don rufe tushen tare da ƙasa tare da takin da humus.
Kulawa
Mamoji ba sa yin haƙuri da sanyi. Saboda haka, kafin su faru, shi wajibi ne don ciyawa peat, sawdust, coniferous rassan. Kafin aika shuka zuwa hunturu, ana bada shawara a rufe shi da agrofiber saboda rhizome baya daskarewa.
Watse
Mps yi haƙuri fari fari. Ana buƙatar yin ruwa kawai don bishiyoyin da aka dasa kwanan nan. Ana samarwa a cikin busasshen yanayi sau ɗaya a mako. Baza a iya shayar da tsohuwar bishiya ba.
Manyan miya
Da zarar dusar ƙanƙara ta narke gabaɗaya, scumpia zai buƙaci haɗa shi da takin mai magani wanda ya ƙunshi cakuda abinci mai gina jiki. Wannan zai taimaka mata ta dawo da wuri-wuri bayan yanayin sanyi da fara haɓaka mai zurfi.
Hakanan ana yin suturar miya a watan Yuni. Kwayoyin da aka yi Amfani da su: mullein ko tsagewar tsuntsu. Nan gaba, har zuwa ƙarshen kakar, ciyawar bata buƙatar taki.
Mai jan tsami
Bukatar matasa tsirrai. Wannan zai taimaka wajan girma da yalwar kambi. Ganyayyaki ya zama ya fi girma saboda wannan.
Manyan tsirrai ba sa bukatar yin kwalliya, idan ta kwashe, za su rasa bayyanar ado.
Kiwo
Mackerel, a matsayin mai mulkin, ana bugun shi ta hanyar ciyawar ne: sanya yashi da yan itace.
Zai fi kyau yada shuka tare da yadudduka daɓa, saboda suna dafe sosai. Don yin wannan, zaɓi ƙaramin reshe mai ƙoshin lafiya, yi kwano a kai kuma tare da wannan ɓangaren sun sauke shi zuwa ƙasa. Don tushen layering a kai a kai shayar. Bayan fitowar fure, an yanke reshe kuma ana shuka shi.
Mataki-mataki-mataki don yankan:
- ana yanka guda biyu tare da ganye biyu ko uku a watan Mayu-Yuli;
- soyayye a Kornevin;
- dasa a cikin kwantena tare da ƙasa mai gonar iska, rufe tare da hula;
- an cire matsuguni a kullun, an cire condensate daga ciki;
- kafin harbe ya yi tushe (yana ɗaukar makwanni biyu zuwa uku), ana shayar da su a hankali.
Okarin itace kuma ana yaɗa shi ta hanyar zuriya, amma da wuya ya yi:
- Ana sanya tsaba a cikin acid na sulfate na minti biyar zuwa goma.
- Yi madaidaicin sanyi a + 3 ... + 5 ° C na watanni biyu zuwa uku (zaku iya tsallake matakin farko, amma daidaitawa a wannan yanayin ya zama dole don watanni shida).
- Bayan shiri na farko, ana shuka iri a cikin fili a cikin ramuka daya da rabi zuwa santimita biyu.
- Duniya tana kwance a kai a kai kuma ta shayar, amma a matsakaici.
Lokacin da ake yadawa ta wannan hanyar, 'ya'yan fari na farko sun bayyana bayan' yan makonni. Game da rabi na tsaba tsiro.
Cutar da kwari
Itace ko ɗan itaciya ba sa lalata cututtuka da kwari. Wani lokaci, akan dunƙule,
- ganye irin ƙwaro;
- mahaukaci;
- bishiyar ganye.
Lokacin da cutar, ƙwayar ta bushe, fitsari zai fara sauri da sauri. Ana amfani da magungunan kashe kwari don magance matsalar katako na bushewa. Misali, Karbosov. Kuna iya siyan ta a cikin shagon musamman.
Mr. Maigidan bazara ya ba da shawarar: Gyadaje - kyakkyawan likita
Dankin yana da ikon ba kawai don yin ado da kowane shinge na lambu ba, yana da kaddarorin magani. Ana nazarin halayensa na warkarwa a cikin pharmacognosy.
Mackerel ya ƙunshi abubuwa da yawa masu amfani:
- tannins;
- tannins;
- mai mai mahimmanci;
- kwayoyin acid.
Broths an shirya su daga ganye da harbe. Su ne da amfani ga yin rigakafi da magani da yawa pathological yanayi. Suna taimaka wa cutar huhu, matsaloli tare da jijiyoyin ciki, da maye .. Hakanan za'a iya amfani dasu a waje, yin matse jiki, wanka, ruwan shafa don fitsari na fata, ciwon raunuka. An ba da shawarar a kurkura bakin a kai a kai. Yana dakatar da kumburi, yana kawar da gumis na zub da jini.
