Eggplant girma sosai a cikin ƙasa da kuma a cikin hotbeds. Amma mafi kyawun amfanin gona zai samar da greenhouses, ba ka damar harba yawan girbi a kowace shekara. Seedlings ga greenhouses iya girma da kansa.
Wasu lambu sun fi so in saya shi, wanda muhimmanci yana ci gaba da tsari girma, amma ƙara yawan kayan lambu.
Don yin girbi mai kyau yana da muhimmanci a zabi kyawawan dama, saka idanu da kuma zafin jiki a cikin greenhouse da takin kasar gona a dace hanya.
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su a cikin greenhouse
Girman eggplants a cikin greenhouse yana da yawa abũbuwan amfãni a kan ƙasa:
- yancin kai;
- da ikon yin girma kowane, har ma da nau'i na musamman;
- a cikin mai tsanani greenhouse za a iya cire da yawa girbi a kowace shekara;
- high zafi, tabbatar da kyakkyawan dandano daga cikin 'ya'yan itace.
Kayan ganyayyaki
Waɗanne nau'in eggplants sun fi kyau shuka a cikin greenhouse? Don girma a cikin greenhouses dace da wuri-maturing iri dake cewa ba sa bukatar pollination. Zai fi kyau shuka hybridsmusamman tsara don ƙasa rufe. A lokacin da za a zabi iri na eggplants don polycarbonate greenhouse, yana da muhimmanci a la'akari da dalilai da yawa: launi da dandano 'ya'yan itatuwa, samarwa, da ikon adana girbi.
Kowane lambu yana da kansa mafi kyau irin eggplant ga greenhousesdaga cikin waxanda aka lura da wadannan:
- Mu'ujiza mai tsarki. Daban-daban iri tsaye zuwa cututtuka da kwari. Aji ne karami, dace ko da ga low greenhouses. Tsaran farko na matsakaicin yawan aiki, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da duhu-violet, cylindrical. Pulp shi ne mai yawa, mai launi-fari, mai dadi ga dandano, ba tare da haushi ba. Gyara lambun suna da matukar dacewa don tattarawa, suna kusan ba tare da ƙaya ba a cikin stalk.
- Nutcracker. Very m iri-iri. Bushes girma sosai tsayi. Yawan nau'o'in eggplants suna bukatar garters. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne masu yawa, masu launin shuɗi, tare da nama marar lahani ba tare da haushi ba. Girman eggplants suna daidai adana.
- Black kyau. A cikin yankuna da yanayi mai dadi yana girma a cikin ƙasa, amma a tsakiyar hanya shi ne mafi alhẽri a saka shi a cikin greenhouse. Da iri-iri yana bunƙasa, farkon maturing. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne launin ruwan kasa-m, babban, jiki ne m kuma ba m. Dama ga cutar, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna da kyau.
- Bibo. Resistant zuwa kwari sa, halin high yawan amfanin ƙasa. 'Ya'yan itatuwa sune fari, zagaye, sosai m da m dandana. Jiki ba shi da haushi. Girbi eggplant da aka adana.
- Marzipan. Farkon sa eggplant don greenhouses. Sakamako sosai. Bushes suna karami, 'ya'yan itatuwa suna zagaye, mai haske mai launi. Jiki yana da kyau sosai, tare da dandano mai dadi mai ban sha'awa, ba tare da alamar ƙananan haushi ba. Eggplant yana da kyau ga canning.
- Moneymaker. High-samar da gwaggwabar riba iri-iri. A 'ya'yan itatuwa suna elongated, taso keya, mai launi mai duhu. Ƙananan eggplants suna daidai adana, suna da kyau ga canning.
Wanne gine-gine don zaɓar?
Eggplant Can ya yi girma a cikin wani gine-gine da ko ba tare da dumama ba. Hanya na biyu ya dace da lokacin rani, gine-gine yana taimakawa wajen kula da ƙwayar microclimate, kare tsire-tsire daga iska gusts, daren yanayin zafi, ƙanƙara da sauran yanayin bidiyo. A irin wannan tsari ana shuka shuka a cikin marigayi bazara.
Yawancin samuwa mai samuwa - greenhouse rufe fim. Yana riƙe da zafi sosai, yana bari a hasken rana. Duk da haka, wannan fim mai banƙyama yana da sauri kuma yana da nakasa, irin wannan shafi zai canza a kowace shekara. Gilashi ya fi dacewa, amma zai iya ƙuƙasa ƙarƙashin nauyin dusar ƙanƙara.
Mafi kyawun zaɓi rufe don greenhouses - polycarbonate. Yana da tsada, amma ba tare da wata matsala ba sau da yawa yanayi. Bayan an zuba jari a cikin wannan tsari, zaka iya daukar nauyin mai kyau kuma kada ka damu game da sake gina greenhouse. Polycarbonate an fi dacewa a kan karamin karfe tare da magani na musamman wanda zai kare tsarin daga lalata.
Greenhouse don girma eggplant za a iya tasowa ko kafa. Har ila yau, akwai matakan bangon da ke kusa da gidan, ɗakin mai amfani da sauran kayan. Tsawon da girman gine-gine yana dogara da damar mai mallakar.
Kayan lambu suna da girma a ƙasa, amma wasu lambu fi son shiryayye, ƙara da amfani yankin na greenhouses.
Don yin tsire-tsire su yi girma sosai, za a iya samar da kayan lambu tare da hasken wuta. Idan gine-gine yana da yawa an bada shawarar ba shi da tsarin drip ban ruwa. Eggplant - yanayi mai dadi-ƙauna, wannan watering zai taimaka wajen kula da digirin da ake bukata na ƙasa. Ana buƙatar iska mai kyau.
Ciyar da greenhouse ya fi kyau a hanyar haɗuwa. Kula da zafin jiki da ake bukata Za'a iya taimakawa man fetur (wani cakuda taki da bambaro, ya juya kuma sanya shi a ƙarƙashin saman Layer na ƙasa). Za ku iya dumi greenhouse ta amfani da bangarori na hasken rana, tukunyar lantarki ko wuta, iska mai dumi ta cikin bututu. Don nuna wutar lantarki mai amfani da wutar lantarki ko kwakwalwa.
Girma asirin
Yadda zaka shuka eggplants a cikin polycarbonate greenhouse? Eggplants ba la'akari da al'ada al'adu. Su ne masu tsayayya ga kwari, bambanta da sauri girma, amsa da kyau ga takin takin. Success iya ma mahimmanci grower. Tsarin zai fara da namo na seedlings. Ana iya saya da shirye-shirye, amma yana da amfani mai yawa ga wadanda aka shuka da kansu:
- riba;
- sprouts samun karfi kuma mai yiwuwa;
- Ana aiwatar da tsarin sauye-sauye da rayuwa.
Saya ƙasa don seedlings ba dace. Suna da yawa yawan peat, wanda ba ya da ƙarfin iri don cikakken ci gaba. Zai fi kyau don yin cakuda don dasa kanka ta amfani da ɗaya daga cikin girke-girke masu zuwa:
- a cakuda humus, gonar lambu da kogin yashi (2x2x1);
- peat, gonar lambu, sawdust (2x1x3);
- takin, peat, gonar lambu, kogin yashi (1x1x2x1).
Dole ne a kunna cakuda domin halakar kwari larvae da pathogens. Bayan haka, an yi tattali da ƙasa mai tsabta tare da hanyar maganin "Baikal" na halitta don mayar da microflora mai amfani.
Superphosphate ko wasu ma'adinai na ma'adinai a cikin rabo daga 20 g da lita 10 na ƙasa dole ne a yi wa cakuda ƙasa. Maimakon shirye-shiryen shirye-shirye iya amfani da itace ash. A lokacin lokacin girma, ana shayar da shanu sau da yawa tare da bayani na nitrogen mai magani, wanda ya bada izinin samuwar wani daji tare da taro.
Seedlings mafi dace dasa a cikin kwantena filastik tare da cassettes. Suna riƙe da ruwa mai kyau da kuma sauƙaƙe tsarin shuke-shuken tsire-tsire. Kayan daji wanda ba a so.
Tushen rauni na kananan yara ba zai iya girma ta bango ba, sakamakon abin da tsire-tsire ke ci gaba da talauci. A lokacin da shuka eggplants ga greenhouses? Ana yin shuka a karshen Janairu ko Fabrairu. Don mai tsanani greenhouses, seedlings za a iya shirya a baya, shuke-shuke na talakawa greenhouses ana shuka su ne a cikin marigayi Fabrairu.
Don inganta germination Za a iya yin tsaba a cikin sa'o'i 10-12 a cikin girma stimulator, sa'an nan kuma kunsa a cikin wani damp cloth kuma bar don peck.
Tattalin tsaba ana shuka a cikin wata ƙasa mai tsabta. Ba a binne tsaba ba, ya kamata a dudduba su da wani bakin ciki mai laushi na ruwan magani a saman. Ƙarfi da tsaba da aka rufe da gilashi. Ya kamata a rika shayar da tsire-tsire tare da ruwa mai laushi a cikin dakin da zazzabi, yin gyaran fuska ba kawai a kasa ba, har ma da iska a kusa da shi.
Don germination tsaba suna buƙatar yanayin zafin jiki (20-22ºC), zafi mai zafi da hasken haske. Ana bada shawara don tsara haske don tsawon sa'o'i 3-4.
Lokacin da tsaba suka ci gaba, sun fara farawa, cire fim din na 'yan mintuna kaɗan, sannan kuma kara lokaci mai wuya zuwa awa daya ko fiye. Zai zama mai kyau don motsa tsire-tsire zuwa hasken rana da kuma kula da ƙasa mai laushi. Rashin shuka ya fi kyau don cirewa, zai ba da dama don yayi girma kawai da tsire-tsire mai karfi.
Dasa da kulawa
Da fasaha na girma eggplants a cikin greenhouse.
Yadda zaka shuka eggplants a cikin greenhouse? A cikin mai tsanani greenhouse sprouted seedlings za a iya shuka a farkon bazara. Tsarin da aka shirya don motsi ya kamata a sami sigogi masu zuwa:
- game da kwanaki 75;
- ci gaba da tsarin tushen;
- gaban 8-9 bar;
- tsayi tsawo zuwa 20 cm.
Alamar siginar da za a sa shi a gaggawa shine bayyanar buds a kan tsire-tsire. Girma da kula da eggplants a cikin greenhouse, da tsari ne painstaking.
Ƙasa a cikin greenhouse sassauta, shayarwa, gauraye tare da taki ko takin. Don rage acidity a cikin ƙasa za a iya sanya dolomite gari. Ash da potassium sulfate zai taimaka wajen inganta abinci mai gina jiki. Idan ƙasa ya yi yawa mai yawa, yana da daraja ƙara sawdust.
Manufar dasa shuki eggplant a cikin greenhouse: ana shuka tsire-tsire a nesa na 45 cm, nisa tsakanin layuka - 60 cm. A hankali ya motsa seedlings zuwa sabon wurin zama, tushen tsarin eggplants yana da matukar damuwa.
Yaya za a kula da eggplants a cikin greenhouse? Bayan dasawa yana buƙatar matsakaicin watering tare da ruwa mai dumi, zai fi dacewa su yi shi da sassafe. An bada shawarar yin amfani da jirgin sama bayan watering. Yana da muhimmanci a tabbatar da cewa iska mai iska ba ta sami iska mai sanyi.
Don ci gaba mai kyau eggplants buƙatar taki. Ana amfani da furanni sau uku a kowace kakar, bayan an fara samar da kayan lambu, ana ba da shawarar samar da matakan nitrogen-phosphorus. Taya da takin gargajiya bayan dasa shuki a kasa basuyi amfani da su ba, suna taimakawa wajen bunkasa kwayar kore ga mummunan 'ya'yan itace.
Binciki kan shafin yanar gizonmu wanda lambun gonar ya dace tare da eggplant lokacin da aka shuka a cikin wani greenhouse, da kuma abin da za a iya girma a cikin wani greenhouse.
Tsire-tsire a cikin greenhouse dole ne a kiyaye shi daga kwari. Mafi yawancin lokuta, whitefly aphids ne, 'ya'yan itace' ya'yan itace. Taimaka kare su tsawaita iska da kuma spraying lokaci-lokaci shuke-shuke. Yi amfani da ruwa mai tsabta da kuma rashin maganin kwari.
Lokacin da mai tushe ta shimfiɗa zuwa 30 cm, suna bukatar a ɗaura su da goyan baya. Da farkon flowering ya zama dole don ƙara watering da kuma fara ciyar da mako-mako da takin mai magani don tumatir. Ana bada girbin girbi lokacin da tsawon 'ya'yan itacen ya kai 8 cm. Kada ku yi tsayi da yawa 'ya'yan itatuwa masu overripe iya dandana ƙanananin ba haka ba, suna samar da adadi mai yawa.
Girman eggplants a cikin wani greenhouse ba kawai samar da iyali tare da dadi kayan lambu, amma kuma zama farkon aikinka Bayan gina gine-gine mai zurfi har zuwa mita 100. m, ka samar da kanka tare da samun kudin barga, da kuma noman eggplant zai yi girma sau da yawa.
Game da girma eggplants a cikin greenhouse a cikin bidiyo:
