Aphids a cikin bita: fararen, baƙar fata, gida da wasu nau'in

Aphid - babban iyali na tsoma kwari da aka hade a cikin tsarin hemiptera. Akwai yawancin jinsin aphid, wasu daga cikinsu sun shirya da kuma lalata wasu al'adu, wasu suna da kwarewa kuma suna iya zama mafi yawan tsire-tsire.

Kuna iya saduwa da wakilai daban-daban na aphids a kusan kowane yanki na duniya. Hakika a yanzu ba kowane irin aphids rayuwa a Turai ba. Za mu gabatar da jinsunan da suka fi kowa.

Janar bayani

Aphid ya zauna a kan tsire-tsire kuma ya fara shayar da su daga bisani, kirkirar ƙwayoyin necrotic.

Ɗaya - kadai mutum ba zai haifar da mummunan cutar ba, amma matsalar ita ce Ƙananan kwari suna karuwa sosai da kuma samar da yawancin mazauna. A wannan batun, wajibi ne a gudanar da hanyoyi da hanyoyi na gwagwarmaya.

Yafi yawan mutanen aphid, yawancin tsire-tsire zasu mutu saboda ayyukansu. Wasu nau'in ko da dauke su kasance masu ciwon kwariAlal misali, innabi phylloxera. Yaya daban-daban na aphids duba, za ka iya duba hotuna da aka buga a cikin labarinmu.

Sauran nau'o'in suna samar da galls da sauran cututtuka.

Peach

Biyu sanannun suna san - babban peach aphid da greenhouse (aka taba da kore) aphid.

Babba

Mai kafa yana da jiki mai launin launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa, har zuwa 5 mm. Shugaban yana baki tare da gashin gashin ɗan gajeren lokaci. A ciki da kirji biyu tubercles ne. Maza yana da launi ɗaya, amma karami. Babu fuka-fuki.

An rarrabe budurcin dabbar fuka-fuki ta karamin jiki - har zuwa 4.5 mm, launin kai da kirji baƙar fata, baya da ciki ne launin toka da launin ruwan kasa. Wannan budurwa marar lakabi yana da tudu mai launin fata a siffar pear, an rufe shi, kamar kai da baƙar fata. Ƙafar kafa mai haske ne - rawaya da orange.

Qwai ne mai launin ruwan launin fari.wanda sannu-sannu ya yi duhu kuma ya juya launin ruwan kasa. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, ya yi duhu, qwai ya zama baki.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Yankunan Steppe da Crimea.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Ya fi son 'ya'yan itace da bishiyoyi - ceri plum, peach, almond, apricot, plum.
• Yanayin ci gaba da sake zagaye na rayuwa. Yi sake zagayowar tsarin raya kasa. Ana aika da ƙwayoyi masu yawa don tsauri, wanda ke ciki a cikin manyan rassan da kuma ƙarƙashin haushi na gangar jikin. A watan Afrilu, larvae sun bayyana kuma suna fara ciyar da rayayye, suna tafiya ta hanyar cigaba da girma a cikin wata daya.
  Daga wanda ya kafa, 50-50 na larvae sun fito, daga 'yan budurwa marar launi, a matsakaicin matsakaici, 30. Ƙunni na uku da na gaba suna haifa sosai. 'Yan budurwowi suna nunawa a tsakiyar lokacin rani kuma suna fara watsawa zuwa wasu bishiyoyi, suna samar da dukkanin yankuna.

  Idan ba ku yi aiki ba, watan Agusta, yawan mutanen aphid zasu rufe dukkan itatuwan gonar, wanda ke cikin cikin ganye da rassan. A lokacin kakar shekaru saba'in an kafa su. Ana haifar da maza a cikin fall da takin mata don samar da qwai masu hiber.

• Wane lahani ne yake yi? Tsarin sap daga bishiyoyi, aphid ba zai iya rushe shuka ba. Duk da haka, aikinsa yana raunana jami'an tsaro na itace, wanda zai haifar da ci gaba da cututtukan cututtuka daban-daban.
  Bugu da ƙari, yana ba da hanyar zuwa fungi, wanda ya shirya a kan mai dadi aphid secretions. A halin yanzu, fataucin fungal yana nuna kanta a cikin baƙar fata.

Green ko taba peach

Founder yana da jiki mara kyau, greenish - rawaya, wani lokaci tare da ruwan hoda. Ba za ta kai fiye da 2.5 mm ba.

Babu budurwa maras kyau na karami, jiki ne mai launin ruwan hoda, kore-rawaya ko haske mai haske. Idanu suna ja, antennae suna haske da gajeren.. Matsayin tsaka - 1.5 - 2 mm.

Qwai elongated, elliptical. Baƙar fata tare da mikakken fata.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Arewacin Amirka, Asiya (musamman Japan, China da Indiya), Eastern da Yammacin Turai, da Kudancin Urals.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Dabbobin da ba za a iya dauka ba, wadanda suke zaune a kan peaches, ƙwayoyi mai laushi, lambuna, taba, kabeji, cucumbers, eggplants, dankali, barkono, radishes, Dill da faski, letas da sauran tsire-tsire, ciki har da albarkatun greenhouse da magani.
• Fasali na cigaba. Ci gaba yana cike da cyclical ko cikakke cyclical (lokacin da ke zaune a greenhouses). Yawancin wadanda suka samo asali sun fito ne daga ƙwayoyin da ba su da yawa a watan Maris - Afrilu. Yawan zafin jiki na iska dole ne a kalla 20 °. Suna fara ciyar da kodan. Haɓakawa ga mutum mai girma daga 18 zuwa 28 days. Mai kafa ya ba da 'ya'ya 30-60. An kiyasta girman yawan yawan jama'a a tsakiyar lokacin rani. Har zuwa ƙarni 12 za su iya ci gaba a tsawon lokaci. Ana yin ƙwayoyin hunturu akan kodan.
• Wane lahani ne yake yi? Ana ganin mummunar cututtuka a kan ƙananan matasan da albarkatun kayan lambu daban-daban, da taba. Akwai karkatacciyar ganye, shaguwa, bayyanar da wuraren da aka bushe. Yana da matukar cutarwa ga furanni, wanda a sakamakon haka ya bushe da kuma fada.

Dankali babban

Babu budurwa maras kyau ba ta da jikinuna a baya. An canza launin ja ko kore. Tsawon bai wuce 4 mm ba. Antennae da tsinkaye suna da tsawo, a cikin launi na jiki.

Farin bala'in yaron yana da ƙananan, har zuwa mita 3.5 mm. Ƙananan jikin shine haske mai haske, kafafu da antennae suna launin ruwan kasa.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Kusan a ko'ina. Da farko ya bayyana a Arewacin Amirka.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? A matsayin abincin polyphagous, duk da haka, ya fi son dankali, tumatir, kabeji, beets, da kuma ganyayyaki da tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
• Fasali na cigaba. Bazuwar ci gaba ba tare da cikakke ba. Sake haifuwa kawai parthenogenetic.
  A lokacin bazara, mutane marasa launi suna bayyana kuma sun zauna a gefen gefen ganye na kayan gona. Wintering ya auku a kan weeds kuma a cikin ƙasa ko cikin ɗakunan dakuna.

  A lokacin kakar, akwai canjin canji na tsararraki da bala'in winged. Duk sauran siffofin sun ɓace.

• Wane lahani ne yake yi? Irin wannan aphid na iya daukar nauyin irin nau'in cututtuka iri iri na iri iri.

Apple Green

Gura - haske greenish, hankali darkens har sai ya zama baki. Mai kafa yana da jiki mara kyau tare da magungunan baya. Fentin kore, kai m ko chestnut.

Babu budurwa maras kyau kamar kama da wanda ya kafa. Ƙananan budurwa, yana da koreyar ciki. Paws, wutsiya, kirji da kai suna baki.

Mace mai amphilin ba shi da fuka-fuki, ƙashin jikin yana launin rawaya tare da launin ruwan kasa ko kore. Hutun da kuma iyakar antennae baƙar fata ne. Mazan ya bambanta da mace mai amfuri kawai a kananan ƙananan.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Gabashin Turai, Caucasus da tsakiyar Asiya.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Yana fi son itatuwan 'ya'yan itace guda guda - tsirrai, apple, medlar, pear, quince, irgu, dutse ash, hawthorn.



Yana kama da hoto akan kore apple aphid.


• Fasali na cigaba. Yayinda yawancin al'ummomi suka maye gurbin kakar, bambancin morphologically. Yawancin iyaye masu tasowa suna fitowa daga yarinya a lokacin yaduwar tsire-tsire.

  Ɗaya daga cikinsu yana ba da budurwa mata 120. Lokacin ci gaban shine kwanaki 9-13. A watan Yuni, 'yan tsuntsu sun bayyana, sun fara yada mutane zuwa itatuwa daban-daban.

  Yawan tsararraki ya dogara da yanayin yanayi da kuma jigilar mutane daga tsararraki 6 a cikin yankunan sanyi zuwa 17 a cikin zafi. Mating da kwanciya na hunturu qwai faruwa a watan Oktoba.

• Wane lahani ne yake yi? Sauran matasa suna shan wahala. Amma tsire-tsire suna da yawa lalacewa. An cire ganye, an kafa spots a kan 'ya'yan itace, rassan da harbe suna maras kyau.

A kan yaki da aphids mutane magunguna karanta a nan.

Rose Green

Duk siffofin da matakai na ci gaba ba su da bambanci da juna. Kowane mutum na da jiki mai tsauri, an yi amfani da antennae mai tsawon launin ruwan kasa, mai tsayi kamar takobi.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Yana zaune kusan a ko'ina.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Bugu da ƙari, ga wardi da na daji, aphid zai iya rayuwa a kan strawberries, pears da apples.
• Fasali na cigaba. Yana daukan cikakken zagaye. Ƙunƙwasawa kan rassan a cikin mataki na qwai. Masu samarda a matsakaicin suna ba da nau'in qwai 80. A cikin greenhouses da greenhouses breeds duk shekara.
• Wane lahani ne yake yi? Cikewar tsire-tsire ba shi da izinin, ƙananan ganye, buds ba su yi fure ba, shuke-shuke raunana ba su jure wa hunturu sanyi da harin da ƙwayoyin cuta ba.

Lell gallic

Mata marasa marayu suna da jiki mara kyau., fentin a launin rawaya ko kodadde kore. Antennae tsawo, duhu. Matan da aka haifa suna da ƙananan ƙananan, suna da nau'i na fuka-fuki na gaskiya. Jiki shine launin ruwan kasa-launin ruwan kasa.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Ko'ina.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? White, jan da baki currants.
• Fasali na cigaba. Full sake zagayowar.
• Wane lahani ne yake yi? Cunkushe sap daga cikin ganyayyaki, siffofin galls a kansu - ƙara burgundy ko rawaya. Matasan matasa sun fi raguwa, yawancin mutane suna iya lalatar da shuka.

Don kare shuke-shuke, zaka iya amfani da sinadarai don magance aphids.

Gwoza ko wake

Gura - baƙar fata, ellipsoid. Mai kafa da budurwa marar ban sha'awa yana da jiki marar kyau, wanda aka shimfida a tarnaƙi.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Turai, Arewacin Amirka, Asiya ta Tsakiya da Kudancin Caucasus.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Fi son beets, jasmine, euonymus, wake, poppy tsaba, viburnum, spring vetch, sunflower da dankali.
• Fasali na cigaba. Canje-canje na tsararraki a cikin shekarun girma na tsire-tsire, ƙwararrun magoya bayan karshe kuma suna shimfida ƙwaiyukan hunturu.
• Wane lahani ne yake yi? Ganye ya rabu da ƙwaya, an dasa shuka a girma kuma yana iya mutuwa. Yana ɗauke da cututtukan cututtukan bidiyo.

Kokwamba (kankana)

An shafe jikin da aka haifa tare da filaye mai kaifi a gefe daban-daban na kore. Antennae da baƙi baki.

Hoton hoton aphid.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Ko'ina.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Gourds, cucumbers, beets, auduga, taba, kirki ba, sesame, citrus, eucalyptus.
• Fasali na cigaba. Sakamakon halittar jiki, ci gaba ba cikakke ne ba. A lokacin kakar, yawancin ƙananan budurwowi na zamani sun canza. Fecundity - 40-50 mutane daga mace.
• Rashin lalacewa. Wannan jinsin yana daya daga cikin mafi cutarwa. Yana haddasa mummunan lalacewar tsire-tsire saboda yawan amfanin haihuwa.

Kabeji

Yana da fadi mai tsari mai duhu, wanda yake cikin duhu antennae.

Cabbage photo aphid.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Yawanci a duk ƙasashe, a Rasha ba a cikin yankuna masu tsaka-tsaki ba.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Mazauna yafi kan masu gicciye, musamman son radishes da kabeji.
• Ƙaddamarwa A cikin yanayin zafi, ci gaba ba ta cika, a sauran yankuna akwai cikakken zagaye. Domin kakar ya bayyana daga ƙarni 6 zuwa 30.
• Wane lahani ne yake yi? Karuwa sosai, jingina kewaye da tsire-tsire, wanda ke haifar da mutuwa.

Farin phylloxera

Jiki yana da kyau, launin launi ne ko launin ruwan kasa. Antennae da proboscis sosai takaice.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Gudanar da al'adu a Turai, Arewacin Amirka, Afrika da Asiya.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Yana rayuwa kawai akan kowane nau'in inabõbi. Fomlar leaf ba ta tsaya a kan 'yan marmari ba.
• Ƙaddamarwa Tushen tushe da ganye, tafi cikin cikakken zagaye. Wata mace mace tana iya samar da ƙwai 500. Domin an maye gurbin kakar wasa har zuwa ƙarni 9.
• Wane lahani ne yake yi? Phylloxera ne mai ciwo kwarai. A kan tushen ya bayyana galls, a kan lalata da ganye. Jama'a suna iya hallaka gonar inabin gaba daya.

Carrot

Gudun tarin elongated ya zama kore mai launi, launi suna takaice kuma haske, kamar yadda kafafu suke.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Ko'ina.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? A kan karas da sauran shuke-shuke laima.
• Ƙaddamarwa Tsarin sake zagaye na rayuwa.
• Wane lahani ne yake yi? An cire ganyayyaki, abincin jiki na tushensu ya kara, don haka yawancin amfanin gona da damuwa.

Poplar (poplar) farar fata

Kowane mutum yana da nau'i na fari ko launin launi. Tsunayen mata sune fari.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Asia ta Tsakiya, Yammacin Turai, Iran, Siberia Siyasa.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? A kan baki, dala da sauran nau'in poplar.
• Ƙaddamarwa Full sake zagayowar.
• M. Bushewa da buds, karkatar da ganye, raunana itatuwa, musamman matasa.

Hamisa

Mai kafa yana da jiki mai duhu. Ƙarnoni masu zuwa suna rufe da fararen, gashin gashi.

• Ƙaddamar wuri. Ko'ina, inda akwai conifers.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Duk wani conifers, musamman spruce, Pine, larch da itacen al'ul.
• Ƙaddamarwa Ba a cika ba. A lokacin kakar 4-5 ƙarni bayyana.
• M. Sun karya ci gaban da samar da bishiyoyi, raunana ƙwarewar kariya kuma rage sakamako na ado.

Mealy (gashi)

Shine mai lakabi yana da jiki mai launin fure-fure, siffar tana da kyau. Yawancin shinge suna samuwa a tarnaƙi. Dukan jiki yana rufe da fararen dusar ƙanƙara, mai kama da gari.

Wata mace mai fuka-fuka tana bambanta da wani wingless daya kawai ta wurin fuka-fuki.

• Yanayin wuri. Ko'ina.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Ya fi son citrus, inabi, mafi yawan shuke-shuke da na shuke-shuke.
• Ƙaddamarwa Mace na iya sa har zuwa ƙwai dubu biyu, daga abin da larvae zai fara. Suna motsi ne kuma suna fashe a duk tsire-tsire, suna shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga cikinsu. A gida da kuma a cikin greenhouses, ci gaba da haifuwa yana ci gaba.
• M. Rashin lalacewar rassan da mai tushe, bushewa da kuma zamawa na buds da ganye, hana ci gaba, raunana yanayin halayen tsire-tsire.

Tushen

Zaka iya fentin jikin a launin rawaya, fari ko kore, siffar kwai. Head, antennae da ƙwayar gashi. Dukan jiki yana rufe da launi mai duhu.kamar kakin zuma.

• Yanayin wuri. Ko'ina.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Kusan kowa da kowa.
• Ƙaddamarwa Wingless mace hibernate a cikin ƙasa. A cikin idon ruwa daga cikinsu an haifi su. Sannan sunyi hasara. A lokacin kakar ya maye gurbinsu da yawancin al'ummomi da kuma matakai na cigaba.
• M. Yarda da ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga tushen asibiti, kwari ya rushe al'ada na gina jiki ga shuka.

A sakamakon haka, shi ya raunana, ba zai iya ci gaba sosai ba. Idan ba kuyi aiki ba - injin shuka zai mutu.

Gida ko ɗakin

Ya hada da sauye-sauye da yawa da suka bambanta a canza launi. Akwai farin aphid, ja aphid, akwai kuma aphid kore da baki.

• Yanayin wuri. Ko'ina.
• Menene tsire-tsire suke samuwa? Kusan duk cikin launuka na ciki.
• Ƙaddamarwa Full sake zagayowar. Sashin ilimin kwayoyin halitta da kuma jima'i na mutane da yawa. Ba su zuwa hunturu, suna ci gaba a duk shekara.
• M. Bar, harbe da buds wither da bushe, fada bãya. Tsire-tsire tsayawa girma, a hankali ya mutu.

Kammalawa

Ana iya rarraba Aphids bisa ga abubuwan da aka zaba na tsire-tsire da abinci. Ta haka ne ka tsaya ga lambun lambu, aphid, flower, lambun da shuka.

Garden aphid zaune a kan bishiyoyi da kuma Berry bushes, inflicting mummunan lalacewar tsire-tsire. Wannan tsari ya hada da nau'in kwari da yawa. Kwananyar rayuwa yana gama cikakke, tare da canji na ƙarnõni dabam dabam. Bambanci ya ta'allaka ne cikin yawan tsararraki da kuma yawan zuriya.

Flower aphid fi son furanni da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire waɗanda suke zaune a cikin gadaje masu fure, gaban lambuna, masu gadaje na flower.

Lamba aphid yana kan bishiyoyi iri-iri - kayan lambu da ganye. Iyakar abincin shine kowane irin albasa da tafarnuwa.. Babu albasa aphid a yanayi, kamar yadda abubuwa masu lalacewa da ke cikin tsire-tsire suna kawar da kwari. Ana amfani da wannan dukiya don magance aphids.shafi spraying albasa da tafarnuwa infusions. Don bayani game da yadda za a magance aphids, karanta labarin "Mafi kyawun magunguna don magance aphids sashi 1 da kashi 2".

Hakika Ba shi yiwuwa a bayyana duk aphids a daya labarin.saboda akwai da yawa daga cikinsu. Duk da haka, mun yi ƙoƙarin tattara dukkan nau'ukan da suka fi kowa.

Bidiyo mai amfani!