Kowane lambu yana son ganin kyawawan gadaje mai kyau tare da harbe na karas a kan gonar gonarsa, kuma a cikin fall don samun girbi mai kyau.
Masana masu kwarewa sun san tsawon lokacin da wasu lokutan sukan jira harbe. Yi la'akari da abin da ake buƙatar yin aiki da sauri don shuka tsaba, hanyoyin da za su inganta hanzarin su.
Daga labarin za ku koyi abubuwan da suke shafan shuka germination bayan dasa shuki, ko yana yiwuwa ya gaggauta saurin tsari da kuma yadda za a yi daidai. Nemo umarnin mataki zuwa mataki akan dasa shuki tsaba.
Jerin abubuwan da suka shafi iri germination bayan dasa
Abubuwa masu yawa suna shafar lokaci daga dasawa zuwa bayyanar sabbin furanni:
- Tsarin iri. Tsasa kayan abu bai kamata ya wuce shekaru uku ba, yana da kyau a yi amfani da ita a bara. Tsaba ya kasance mai haske launi tare da halayyar karas, ba tare da wrinkles da aibobi ba.
- Nau'in ƙasa da haihuwa. Ƙasa mai kyau don karas - haske, crumbly, dan kadan acidic ƙasa.
- Zurfin zurfin ƙasa. A cikin bazara sun shuka tsaba zuwa zurfin 1 - 2 inimita, kafin hunturu zurfin dasa shuki ya zama 4 - 5 centimeters don kada tsaba su daskare.
- Yanayin yanayi. Karas suna so dumi, yanayin rana. Idan yanayin yana da sanyi kuma ƙasa ba ta warmed, ana iya rufe gadaje da fatar ko sponbond.
- Humidity. Rashin buƙatar ya zama wajibi ne don kumbamar tsaba da tsayayyen tsirrai.
Yaya za ku iya hanzarta fitowar seedlings?
Ana fitowa da sautin farko na karas ya dogara da sauyin yanayi, haihuwa da kuma haske daga ƙasa, busassun ko shuka bishiyoyi aka dasa. Ka'idojin fitowar harbe ya bambanta daga kwana biyar zuwa makonni ukus
Shirin mataki-mataki: yadda ake shuka daidai?
Menene kuma yadda ake aiwatar da kayan kafin shuka?
Tsarin shirye-shiryen iri yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa germination kuma mafi kyau inganta karas. Tsarin magani ya haɗa da tsari na matakan:
- Karyatawa. Cire waxannan cututtuka da kuma kayan banza. Lokacin da aka nutse cikin ruwa, hatsi mai kyau sun kasance a kasa, kuma kullun suna tasowa zuwa farfajiya kuma an cire su.
- Hanyar maganin maganin maganin Manganese. Don yin wannan, narke 1 gram na manganese a cikin gilashin ruwa guda ɗaya, jiƙa da tsaba a minti 10 zuwa 15.
- Soaking cikin ruwa mai dumi don cire kayan mai mahimmanci daga farfajiya na tsaba don hatsi su hau sauri.
- Bayyanawa. Kafin dasa shuki, ana dafa tsaba a kan wani madogarar murya a karkashin fim din dumi, bayan 'yan kwanakin da aka fara dasa tsaba, kuma lokacin da aka dasa su a cikin ƙasa, irin wadannan tsaba suna ci gaba da sauri.
Lokaci
Don daidaita ƙayyadadden lokacin dasa, dole ne a yanke shawarar irin nauyin karas da kake son girma daga tsaba. Yawan iri da ke balaga sun rabu da wuri, tsakiya da marigayiwanda ke amfani dashi don ajiya na dadewa.
- Dafaran irin karar da aka shuka a cikin ƙasa a cikin marigayi Afrilu da farkon watan Mayu, lokacin da zafin jiki a waje an saita zuwa akalla +3 digiri.
- Tsakanin tsakiya da marigayi iri-iri ana shuka su a ƙasa daga 1 zuwa 20 Mayu.
- Gwararrun lambu sunyi girbi karas a cikin marigayi Oktoba da farkon Nuwamba don girbi shekara ta gaba da makonni biyu kafin dasa shuki. Irin wannan shuka ya dace da yankuna inda dulluka suke tare da gishiri mai zurfi da dusar ƙanƙara, don haka tsaba ba su daskare ba a cikin hunturu.
Gida
Don gadaje a cikin lambun, an zabi wani wuri mai haske, kamar yadda karamin yana so ya kasance ƙarƙashin rana duk hasken rana. Gidajen lambun lambun suna samuwa a wurare inda bara ya karu:
- tumatir;
- cucumbers;
- dankali;
- ko kabeji.
Shiri na gadaje fara a cikin fall.
- Tona sama da ƙasa, cire tushen weeds.
- Don ƙasa hadi yi humus, itace ash, takin. A cikin idon ruwa, ana amfani da takin mai magani ma'aurata makonni biyu kafin a shuka tsaba kuma ana sake gina ƙasa.
- Karas ƙauna sako-sako da, ƙasa mai haske. Don sassauta ƙasa yi peat da yashi.
- Sigogi na gadaje sun dogara ne akan girman mãkirci da kuma abubuwan da ake so na lambun. Da mafi kyau duka girman da gadaje: mita fadi da 15 - 20 centimeters high. A cikin gado yi furrows, wanda aka sa'an nan kuma sown karas.
- Kafin shuka iri furrows zubar da wani bayani na manganese, wannan hanya tana kare karas daga cututtuka da kuma hare-haren ɓarna.
Microclimate
Hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da su don tsoma karamin karas:
- iska yawan zafin jiki ba a kasa +14 digiri;
- ƙasa zazzabi yana da fiye da +8 digiri;
- m ƙasa mai danshi.
Tsarin makirci
Don dasa shuki karas sa giraguwa a nesa na 20 centimeters daga juna tare da nisa na 6 inimita da zurfin sita 2. Nisa tsakanin tsaba shine 2 - 3 cm.
Zaɓin maƙwabta masu kyau a gonar
Good makwabta ga karas ne:
- tumatir;
- albasa;
- tafarnuwa;
- radish;
- salatin;
- Peas;
- karas ke tsiro kusa da alayyafo.
Don kare karas daga lalacewa ta hanyar tsire-tsire-tsire, yana da kyau don kewaye da shuka tare da tsire-tsire kamar:
- taba;
- Rosemary;
- ko sage.
Ƙungiyar kulawa
- Karas ya kamata a shayar da shi sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 5 - 7.
- Wajibi ne a cire a kai a kai a kai a kai don cire bamaran da za su ci gaba da tsoma baki tare da ci gaban seedlings.
- Bayan bayyanar lakabi na biyu, ana yin tsire-tsire na karas, kuma daya daga cikin ƙwayar da aka ci gaba an bar shi a cikin gida.
- Don kiyaye ƙasa sako-sako da, shi wajibi ne don sassauta jere jere, musamman bayan ruwan sama da kuma thinning seedlings.
- Ana dasa shuki a lokaci-lokaci. Ana amfani da takin mai magani na magunguna bayan da aka fara motsa jiki. Ana ciyar da abinci na biyu bayan kwana 20.
Menene ake buƙata don a yi wannan al'ada girma da sauri?
Hanyar mai sauƙi don hanzarta fitowar seedlings yana dogara ne akan yin amfani da polyethylene mai yawa. Rufe gado tare da fim: tsakanin polyethylene da ƙasa, nesa na da centimita 12, an samu rata na iska. An bar fim don sati, sannan a cire shi..
Ruye fim yana haifar da sakamako mai gine-gine, wanda ke taimakawa wajen samar da tsaba da sauri.
Karas suna da amfanin gona marasa amfani, amma yana bukatar wasu ilimin da basira don girma. Tattara dukkan ka'idojin iri da shirye-shiryen ƙasa, dasawa da kulawa a cikin hadaddun, har ma mahimmanci zai iya cimma burin da ake so kuma tattara babban amfanin gona na karas mai dadi da lafiya.
