Kayan lambu

Yanayi da halaye na fararen karas: wani bayanin irin shahararrun iri da tsarin namo. Amfani masu amfani

Karan fata ba sa kayan lambu da aka saba da shi a kan tebur na Rasha ba, amma akwai mai yawa masu sanarwa.

Kuma waɗanda suka ɗanɗanar wannan iri-iri, ba za su ƙi shi ba. Don fahimtar abin da ke da mahimmanci game da shi, sai dai don launin fata, kuma me ya sa yake da kyau, kana bukatar ka dubi halaye da siffofinsa.

A cikin wannan labarin, zaku koyi inda inda karar karar ke tsiro, yadda za a kara girma irin wannan karamin, da kuma samun wasu bayanai masu amfani akan kula da kayan lambu da kuma aikace-aikace.

Mene ne?

Tabbataccen hujja shine cewa launi ne daga tushensu wanda ya ba da sunan farin karam din. Ta biya musu rashin beta-carotene, wanda ya sanya karamin karamin orange. A waje, ban da launi, fararen karas ba su da bambanci da dangi. Ɗaya daga cikin bambance-bambance - ƙanshi mai dadi sosai saboda babban abun ciki mai mahimmanci. An yarda da karar fata daga Afghanistan, Iran da Pakistan.

  • Ana shuka rikici da parsnips. Su ne ainihin kama da bayyanar - farin rhizome, duka suna cikin gidan laima. Amma a kusa da dubawa zai zama da wuya a dame su. Bambancin hali shine cewa parsnips sun fi girma da duhu fiye da fararen karas.
  • Wani misali mai kuskure da turnips. Lalle ne, akwai irin farin turnip tare da elongated da na bakin ciki rhizome, amma tare da farin karas su ma suna da kadan a na kowa.

Brief history of selection

An dauki nauyin kowane irin karas a matsayin karamin karam ne, mai zafi ga dandano, ya dace kawai don ciyar da dabba. An yi amfani da karas, ja da launin rawaya a cikin shekaru 14-15 a Jamus, Faransa, Ingila da Netherlands. Ko da daga bisani - a karni na 17, masu aikin shayarwa na Holland sun gudanar da irin nau'o'in irin wannan karamin da ke da ɗabalanci, juicier da yawa mafi kyau.

Yawancin shayarwa na zamani na karba sun karbi kwanan nan kwanan nan. Kwayoyin launin rawaya na gabas suna daukar su ne tushen su, kazalika da irin nau'ikan orange.

Menene yake kama da shi?

Karan fata, kamar dukan danginta, suna cikin gidan laima. Ganye yana da ƙarfi, kusan ba ya bambanta da irin nauyin orange, ya kai kimanin 50 cm. Ganye suna da tsalle, dan kadan pinnate, kama da wasu faski. Ganye yana da haske, mai roba, yayi girma har zuwa 20-30 cm, yayi tsayayya da bayyanar spots da sauran cututtuka. White karas rhizome na elongated siffar, santsi, na roba, m, ke tsiro 10-15 cm tsawo.

Mene ne bambanta da wasu nau'in?

Yawancin lokaci, irin nauyin karar fata, ban da launi na rhizome, ba bambanta da dangi ba, amma zai zama da wuya a sami sauyawa ga halaye da halayensu. Babban bambance-bambance:

  • fararen launi (ko tare da tinge na hauren giwa) na rhizome;
  • kayan lambu mai dadi sosai kuma mai dadi;
  • furci ƙanshi mai ƙanshi (saboda mai amfani);
  • m bakin ciki fata;
  • m kalori idan aka kwatanta da orange iri;
  • dace da allergies (waɗanda ba za su iya cin launin kayan lambu ba).

A ina ake girma?

A cikin yanayi, mafi yawan lokutta fararen karas ne a cikin ƙasashen Rum. Lokacin da ya girma da kansa, ya yi girma a cikin yanayin yanayi na ƙasashen CIS. A Rasha, a fili shine mafi kyau girma a yankunan kudancin. A cikin greenhouses, farin karas za a iya girma a ko'ina.

  • Ana shuka mafi kyau a cikin haske, sako-sako da, "numfashi" ƙasa, a cikin tsaka-tsakin ko dan kadan acidic.
  • Zai fi kyau shuka tsaba zuwa wurin da suka girma cucumbers, kabeji, tumatir ko albasa. Amma bayan faski ko dill, zai yi girma sosai, kasar gona bayan sun bukaci a sarrafa su.

Mafi yawan iri iri

Mene ne yawancin irin wannan tushen?
Daga cikin irin farin karas an tabbatar da su a shekarun da suka gabata. Daga cikin wadannan, nau'i uku na "Lunar Wite", "Waite Satin" da kuma "White Belgium" suka fito.

Lunar wite

Ana amfani da iri-iri don musamman a cikin dafa abinci. Differs m, mai dadi da m dandano. Tushen tushe na bakin ciki, tare da fata mai laushi da m, yayi girma fiye da 30 cm.

Tarkon - don samo tushensu za'a iya farawa bayan watanni 2. Yana da isasshen yanayin zafi +16, + 20 digiri da kyau watering don ba da girbi mai albarka. A lokaci guda kuma, "Moonlight White" yana buƙatar yanayi da kulawa - yana bukatar ƙasa maras nauyi, yanayin zazzabi, saukowa a daidai lokacin da kuma yawancin watering.

A halin da ake buƙata, ana adana iri-iri har tsawon shekara guda. Dangane da nau'in kayan lambu masu dacewa da ke dacewa da yankuna da yanayin sanyi (Ural, Siberia), a kudanci don kakar za ku iya sarrafawa don samun yawan girbi. Kudin da aka yi na safiyar Lunar daya shine kimanin 40 rubles a kowane abu.

Waite satin

Jagora tsakanin launin fata a dandano. Kuma a cikin ɗaya daya daga cikin shahararrun iri. Tushen su ne dusar ƙanƙara a waje (jiki ya fi tsami), mai santsi, mai juyayi da kyawawa, siffar ɗauka mai ɗaukar nau'i mai ma'ana tare da wutsi mai kaifi. Tsawon tayin 25-30 cm, nauyi 100 grams.

Da iri-iri suna da wuri sosai, domin ya fara, yana daukan watanni biyu, dukan juyayi daga dasawa zuwa maturation yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki ɗari. Har ila yau yana buƙatar ƙasa, na yau da kullum ban ruwa, zafi da mai ƙauna mai haske, saya Waite satin da yawa don farashin farashin 21 rubles da kunshin.

White bel

A ƙasashen Turai, an kira shi "Blanche A Collet Vert". Da iri-iri da aka bred daga farin fodder karas, da zarar rare a Faransa a cikin karni na 19. Ganyoyin noma sune zurfi, babba (har zuwa 25 cm), 'ya'yan itacen da kanta sune fari, amma jiki yana rawaya. Sashe na sama ("kafada") ya zama greenish. "White Belgium" shine matukar tsufa, harbe ya bayyana a cikin makonni 1.5, bayan watanni 2.5-3 ya kasance cikakke don girbi.

Ƙasa iri iri ba wuya, kamar waɗanda suka gabata, ke tsiro sauƙi a cikin ƙasa kuma baya buƙatar taki na musamman. Daga cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyi - rashin ƙarfi ga yanayin zafi, domin fitowar harbe yana buƙatar zafin jiki na akalla +10 digiri, amma ragowar kwatsam na iya kashe duk harbe.

Daɗin dandalin "White Belgium" ya fi muhimmanci, ya nuna dandano kawai bayan magani mai zafi - dafa abinci ko frying. Kudin da "matasan Belgium" ke kaiwa ya kai 180 rubles.

Da sinadaran abun da ke ciki na kayan lambu tushen

A cikin abun da ke cikin sinadarai, fararen karam din ya bambanta kaɗan daga takwarorinsu masu launin. Babban bambanci shine babu beta-carotene. Idan mukayi magana game da bitamin da kuma ma'adanai da ke cikin farin karas, to, sun yawaita a cikinta:

  • ascorbic acid;
  • wani hadaddun bitamin na rukuni "B" (thiamine, riboflavin, retinol, geranol, folic acid, da sauransu);
  • bitamin: E, K da H;
  • ma'adanai (potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, sulfur da chlorine);
  • Abubuwan da aka gano: (zinc, ƙarfe, jan karfe, madara, iodine, manganese, selenium, boron, lithium, da sauransu);
  • bioflavonoids;
  • muhimmanci mai;
  • amino acid;
  • m fiber;
  • pectin.

An kuma lura cewa farin karas dauke da ƙananan adadin kuzari fiye da orange.

Properties

Amfanin

Irin wannan kayan lambu mai kayan lambu mai amfani da amfani ta yau da kullum a cikin tsararru da kuma sarrafa shi (ko da a lokacin zafi a kan yawancin bitamin a cikin fararen karas an kiyaye su) yana da tasiri sosai akan jikin mutum:

  • Hanyoyin fiber suna inganta aiki na intestines da normalizes narkewa, da amfani don rigakafin ciwon daji.
  • Rage hadarin shanyewar jiki kuma yana taimakawa wajen rigakafin atherosclerosis.
  • Ya hana rikitarwa na tsarin tausayi da kwakwalwa (ciki har da cutar Alzheimer).
  • Yarda da rashin bitamin da ma'adanai a jikin.
  • Ya dace da cin abinci na allergies da abincin baby.
  • Yana da tasirin diuretic da choleretic.
  • Kamar yadda antioxidant halitta ya sake sake jikin.
  • Rundunar yaki da matakai masu ƙin ƙwayar cuta, ta hana kwayoyin pathogenic.
  • Tabbatar da yaki da tsutsotsi.
  • Sake ƙarfafa ƙarfi, sauqaqa zafi da gajiya.
  • Yana ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi.
  • Daidaita yanayin microflora na ciki, da aka nuna a yayin dawowa bayan magani tare da maganin rigakafi.
  • An yi amfani dashi a matsayin wakili na mucolytic.
  • Ya dace da matakan jini, an bada shawara ga ciwon sukari.
  • Abubuwan da ke cikin jan ƙarfe, zinc da nickel zasu tsarkake jini.
  • Abubuwan da ake samu don rigakafin ciwon daji.

Harm

Karan fata ba su iya kawo lahani ba, amma dole ne a ci su da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, babban adadin bitamin a ciki na iya haifar da hypervitaminosis. Gaskiyar ita ce, saboda wannan akwai buƙatar cin abinci mai yawa. Kuma abubuwan da suka shafi illa suna da wuya cewa sun kasance banda bambance-rikice. To, menene farin karas zai iya cutar da:

  • Duk da haka, yana iya haifar da allergies tare da amfani da yawa akai-akai (saboda carbohydrates da muhimman mai).
  • Zai iya haifar da kumburi na mucosa na ciki, maƙarƙashiya ko cututtuka da ƙari ga cututtuka na gastrointestinal.
  • Dizziness, rauni da tashin hankali, m zuciya a lokacin kariyar bitamin B da fari ascorbic acid dauke da farin karas.
  • Don samun sakamako mai zurfi diuretic.
  • Anyi amfani da cututtukan thyroid (tare da cututtuka na tsarin endocrine tare da taka tsantsan).

Duk da haka, bayyanar cututtuka da aka bayyana a sama suna da ƙananan gaske kuma suna da banbanci mafi ban sha'awa ga mulkin.

Shirin Matakan Mataki na Mataki

Ana shirya don saukowa

  1. Lokacin da dasa shuki karas, zaka buƙaci kayan gargajiya: felu da fartanya, duka biyu dole ne masu tsabta, ba tare da barbashi na taki da sauran abubuwa ba.
  2. Karan fata suna girma mafi kyau a cikin tsaka-tsaka da kuma ƙasa mai ƙarancin acid, kazalika a cikin ƙasa mai baƙar fata da kuma hasken haske. Idan ka shirya dasa shuki karas a cikin hunturu, zai fi kyau ka zabi peat ko ƙasa mai yashi. A cikin kaka, za ka iya yin potash da phosphate takin mai magani. Pre-tono a ƙasa.
  3. Tsaba kafin shuka bukatar a shirya - jiƙa na kimanin rana tare da ruwa ko taki bayani. Don tabbatar da cewa ana rarraba tsaba a kowane lokaci, ana bada shawarar su haɗu da yashi (kusan 1 teaspoon na tsaba da kofin yashi). Lokacin Germination - bayan kwanaki 18 - 20.

Tsarin aiki

Shuka fararen fararen fararen, yawanci a tsakiyar bazara. An dasa shuki na hunturu tun Oktoba. Idan ana buƙatar girbi kafin ƙarshen lokacin rani don ajiya, ya fi kyau shuka a watan Mayu-Yuni. Ana yin gadaje a cikin nau'in ragi tare da fartanya, sannan ana rarraba tsaba a cikin su.

A cikin ƙirar dasa, yafi kyau a mayar da hankali ga halaye na musamman (aka nuna akan kunshin). Amma dole ne a riƙa tunawa da cewa tushen zai buƙaci wuri don yayi girma, kuma dole ne a ba shi.

  • da nisa tsakanin layuka ya zama akalla 30 cm;
  • bayan thinning, kiyaye nesa na 5-15 cm;
  • zurfin shuka kadan kadan da 5 cm a lokacin rani da 5 cm a cikin hunturu.

Kula

  1. Ainihin mahimmanci a kula da fararen karas shine samar da shi tare da microclimate da ake bukata:

    • ƙasa zazzabi ya kamata akalla 8-10 digiri;
    • ya zama dole don rufe gadaje bayan shuka tare da zane mai laushi don tabbatar da laushi da samun damar iska.
  2. Bayan dasa shuki, fararen karas ba sa buƙatar karin watering, bayan bayyanar sprouts, yana buƙatar a shayar da shi sau da yawa, amma yayin girma da ripening, watering ya kamata a iyakance shi sau biyu a wata. A lokacin girke amfanin gona na tushen shi yafi kyau don rage yawan watering zuwa mafi yawan.
  3. Shuka karas kawai sau uku a lokacin girma. Na farko - bayan bayyanar sabbin furanni, sa'an nan kuma a cikin wani lokaci daya. Ana yin riguna mafi kyau ne kawai tare da takin mai magani na ma'adinai, dole ne a yi amfani da takin taki kawai bayan watering.
  4. Loosing abu ne mai muhimmanci a kula da kararen karas. Ta na son iska. Zai fi kyau a sassauta ƙasa a bayan an shuka. Lokaci na gaba bayan thinning - tsakanin layuka, tare da girma riga tsakanin shuke-shuke. Girman kayan lambu ya kamata ya zama spud wanda ya sa ba'a bayyana shi a kan sashi.
  5. Ya kamata a yi amfani da fararen karam din kara sau biyu don tsawon lokacin girma.
  6. Dole ne a gudanar da gyaran kafa lokacin da harbe ya kai minti 15. Saboda wannan dalili, amfani da sabo ne ko busassun ciyawa, daji na needle, takin, tarwatse, kananan ganye. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da rufe kayan, burlap, ko kwali. Jaridar, bambaro da peat ba su dace ba don mulching.

Girbi da ajiyar amfanin gona

  • Lokacin girbi zai dogara ne akan iri-iri.
  • Yayi zafin rana da bushe.
  • Idan an kawar da karar, ba za a iya amfani dashi ba.
  • Ana rarrabe karas a cikin tsattsauran, dace da ajiya an bi da shi tare da wani bayani mai karfi na potassium permanganate kuma an bushe a sararin sama a zafin jiki na digiri 15.
  • Zai fi kyau adana karas a cikin ginshiki mai bushe a zafin jiki na 0 zuwa + 4 a cikin kwalaye na yashi, kayan shafa ko albasa albasa.

Kuskuren kuskure

White karas suna girma in mun gwada da sauƙi. Amma Yana da muhimmanci a guje wa blunders:

  1. Kafin karamin yaro, ya fi kyau kada ku sha ruwa, don kaucewa kafawar ɓawon burodi a ƙasa.
  2. Da zarar littattafai na uku sun samo, dole ne a kara karas. Anyi wannan ne a yayin ci gaba da asalinsu. Dole ne ya kasance nisa na akalla 5 cm tsakanin tushen.
  3. Ana buƙatar karas Spud.

Cututtuka, kwari da rigakafin su

Daban farin karas da sauransu zasu iya zama mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka da kwari. Yaƙin da suke yi da su ya kasance daidai da irin nau'ikan orange:

  • Daga black rot Zaka iya rabu da shi, idan ka feshi da sprouts tare da "Rovral".
  • Cercosporosis za a iya rinjaye ta tare da taimakon taimakon maganin launi na bordeaux.
  • Mealy dew da bacteriosis bace idan an kula da shuka tare da furotin.
  • Felt bace bayan magani tare da maganin jan karfe.
  • Kwaro da kwari, 'ya'yan itace, ganyayyaki zai hallaka VDG, Decis Profi da sauransu. Daga mutane maganin magunguna - maganin sabulu, ashy ko kuma decoction na tumatir fi.
  • Daga Bears zai adana maganin vinegar, wanda aka zuba cikin rami.
Don yin rigakafin karamin karamar kaji ana bi da su a Yuni. Don yin wannan, za ka iya aiwatar da jigilar sassan ƙasa na nettle. Immunocytofit da sauran kayayyakin rigakafi da masu sarrafa kwayar cutar da ke inganta rigakafi na shuka zasu taimaka.

Zabuka don amfani

  • Raw - a cikin irin salads, ruwan 'ya'yan itace, kawai dukan.
  • A lokacin zafi: Boiled, soyayyen, stewed.
  • Ina yin shayi shayi daga fi.
  • Don dalilai na magani, yi amfani da kayan ado na tushen.

Karan karas ba kawai m ba ne, wanda shine samun karuwar karuwar. Wannan kayan lambu ne mai dadi, mai kyau da kuma kayan lambu, wanda, tare da kulawa mai kyau, yana da sauƙin sauƙin girma a kasarmu kanmu.