Begonia shi ne watakila mafi yawan nau'o'in nau'in shuke-shuke na cikin gida da na lambun. Da kyau da sophistication na haske ja begonia fascinates. Wace irin siffofin da ba ta wanzu ba! A cikin wannan labarin, munyi la'akari da irin nau'in begonia, ja ko, kamar yadda ake kira, launi ja. Za ku fahimci irinta, ku gan su a cikin hoto.
Za ku kuma koyi yadda za a iya dasa dakin gida da kyau kuma wane irin kula da yake bukata. Wace siffofi na noma ya kamata a yi la'akari da cikakken ci gaba da shuka. Karanta game da cututtuka na kowa da kwari da ke shafar fure.
Bayanan Botanical da tarihin
Begonia yana da nauyin jinsin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, iyalin Begoniev. A cikin yanayi, akwai nau'in fiye da ɗaya da rabi. A cikin daji, ta kai girma zuwa mita biyu a tsawo. Akwai kananan jinsuna. Masaukin da aka fi so shi ne bishiyoyi da raguna.
Michel Begone ne wanda ya shirya balaguro zuwa Antilles a shekara ta 1687, inda wani dan jariri, Charles Duke, ya gano nau'o'in fure guda shida. Plume da Begon, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, sun kasance abokai da kyau, ba a sani ba har zuwa duniya, tsire-tsire ba tare da jinkirin suna ba bayan aboki.
Dukan kashi biyu na rabi na karni na sha tara sun samu nasarar yada sabon nau'in begonias. Kuma a shekara ta 1856 an gano wasu wasu nau'o'i a Indiya.
Bayani game da irin launin ja da hotuna
Akwai nau'i iri iri na red begonias.wanda a waje yana da wasu bambance-bambance. Wannan inji na cikin gida ya sami sunansa mai godiya ga mai haske ja. A cikin hoto zaka iya ganin abin da furen da launin ja ya dubi.
Mafi yawan iri iri ne.
Red sa
Wannan nau'i ne mai siffar mai daɗi, mai tushe ne mai girbi. Ganye yana da manyan, nuna, lokacin farin ciki, launin fata. Flowering ne musamman rare, tare da furanni fari da ruwan hoda, unremarkable. Mun gaya game da irin wadannan nau'o'in begonias a nan, kuma a cikin wannan labarin za ku koyi game da iri iri.
Gudun sumba
Faranan suna zagaye. Bright ja-vinovy launi. A tsakiyar takardar farantin takarda shine wani abu ne mai duhu, yana kewaye da gefen. Har ila yau, ƙwayar ruwa ba ta da hankali kuma ba shi da kyau idan aka kwatanta da launi.
Minuet mara kyau
Ganyayyaki ne cikakke, satin-garnet launi tare da launin ruwan kasa, arachnoid tsakiyar. A cikin hasken haske, inuwa daga cikin ganyayyaki yana haske.
Begonia rex
Yana da nau'i nau'i. Ƙasa mai laushi mai laushi yana da sifofi daban daban: kore, ruwan hoda, azurfa, ja, baki. Daban-daban-daban na wannan begonia mamaki tare da kayan ado - dabbare-bushe, ragu, tare da specks (na ado da katako begonias, karanta a nan). Tushen ne creeping. Direct ko creeping harbe fita daga gare ta. Pink stalks flower ne babba, na iya zama biyu ko Semi-biyu, amma a kan tushen da launuka daban-daban, foliage alama kama talakawa-neman.
Inda kuma yadda za a dasa shukar gida?
Zabin shuka da kuma pretreatment kafin dasa shuki matakai masu muhimmanci. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a duba tuber kuma cire kananan asali. Kyaurar cututtukan da aka yi tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Fungicide"bisa ga umarnin.
Yana da muhimmanci! A matsalar na kowa shine daskarewa na tubers. A sakamakon haka, tsire-tsire ba sa shuka. Lokacin sayen shi yana da mahimmanci don bincika shuka don rot.
- Pot. Zai fi kyau a dauki wani tukunya mai zurfi don rage yiwuwar girma daga tushen. Ana sanya Layer Layer akan kasa, game da 8-10% na ƙarar. Ana zaɓen ƙasa mai lalata, wadatar da oxygen.
Dole ne a shayar da matashi, wanda ba a shuka ba, a gefen gefen, don guje wa overwetting.
- Haske da wuri. Kuna buƙatar haske mai yawa, haske. Kada ka bari hasken rana kai tsaye a kan shuka. Yana da mafi dadi don sanya begonia a yamma ko kudu maso gabashin taga.
- Bukatun shara. A cikin kantin kayan ado na musamman, an sayar da ƙasa mai wadata don kowane jinsin shuka, don haka hanya mafi sauki ita ce sayen shi. Duk da haka, ana iya hade ƙasa a gida. Zai buƙaci peat da ƙasa marar fata a cikin rabo 1: 1. Yana da mahimmanci barin barin ƙasa da kuma wadata tare da sauran kayan gyaran ma'adinai idan ba a shirya ƙasa ba. Sabili da haka, a cikin matakai za'a iya wakiltar hanyar dasa shuki begonias kamar haka:
- Zabi da yin nazari na tsire-tsire a cikin shagon.
- Cigaban farko na asalin miyagun ƙwayoyi "Fungicide" bisa ga umarnin.
- Gashi a cikin tukunya da ya dace da ƙasa mai kyau.
- Ajiye tukunya a kan taga tare da hasken lantarki.
- Watering a farkon kawai a hankali a gefen gefen, ba tare da jajista ba.
Kulawa na gida
Zazzabi. Yanayi masu dadi don ja begonia zai kasance daga zafi 14 zuwa 23, tare da zafi mai yawa na 60%.Don kula da yanayin zafi mafi kyau, zaka iya sanya tukunya a cikin tire tare da ruwa, a kan tudu. Alal misali, a kan takarda mai kwakwalwa ko wani inverted saucer.
Hakanan zaka iya kula da laushi ta hanyar hura iska a kusa da flower, da guje wa danshi a kan ganye.
Begonia bai yi haƙuri ba!
- Watering. An samar da shi ne kawai tare da cikakken bushewa daga saman saman ƙasa.
- Tashi. Ana samar da shi kawai a cikin matsanancin hali.
- Wintering. Sauran lokacin red begonia fara daga Oktoba kuma yana zuwa har Fabrairu. A wannan lokaci, ya kamata a rage yawan shuka.
Idan akwai tubers da suke buƙatar hunturu, to sai a adana su a yanayin zafi har zuwa digiri Celsius digiri 12.
Zazzabi. Yanayi masu dadi don ja begonia zai kasance daga zafi 14 zuwa 23, tare da zafi mai yawa na 60%.Cututtuka na kowa da kwari
Ganye yana shan wahala daga cututtuka irin su powdery mildew, m mold, na kwayan cuta da kuma ring blotch. Ana shawo kan cuts da moths.
- Mealy dew - Abincin kamuwa ne wanda yake tasowa a matsayin farin furanni akan ganye da harbe. A sakamakon haka, leaf rot da mutuwa na shuka.
- Gishiri mai laushi Ya bayyana launin toka ko launin toka-fari. Ana bi da shi tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi "Trichodermin" bisa ga umarnin.
- Kuskuren kwayar cutar ya bayyana a cikin ganyayyaki a matsayin tara tara na launin ruwan kasa ko duhu inuwa.
- Ƙunshin zobe bayyana ta bayyanar fararen fata tare da nau'i bayyananne.
Hanyoyin kiwo
- Hanyar kayan lambu: yanke tip na rhizome by centimeters 5-7. Sprout canja wuri zuwa ƙasa kuma haifar da wani karamin greenhouse, rufe da filastik jaka. Kusan a cikin kwanaki 28-30 harbe ya bayyana. Hakanan zaka iya raba rassan cikin sassa, kowanne daga cikinsu dole ne yayi koda.
- Hanyar Leaf: dole ne ka zaɓi fayil mafi ƙarfi da kuma mafi kyawun. Sa'an nan kuma yanke shi a cikin murabba'i ba fiye da 2 centimeters ba. Sanya a cikin wani sashi na peat da yashi (1: 1) da kuma rufe tare da tsare. Bar shi kadai don makonni 2-3. A sakamakon haka zai zama tushen. A cikin makonni uku wajibi ne a kunna "tsoro" rabin sa'a, yana kara lokaci a kowane lokaci.
- Yanayin kara: dauka karamin stalk tare da daya, kuma zai fi dacewa biyu buds. A karkashin ƙananan koda an yanke daga kasa, ƙarƙashin saman daga saman zuwa 50 mm. Daga baya, an sanya kara a cikin ƙasa karkashin fim ko kwalban. Kullun suna bayyana bayan kimanin kwanaki 20-30. Yana da mahimmanci a koyaushe ku shiga cikin tsarin sau ɗaya a cikin kwana uku.
Girman krasnolistnoy begonias - jin dadi lokacin da mai sayad da furanni yana dauke da makamai tare da sanin abubuwan da ke cikin wannan fure. A cikin labarin mun yi ƙoƙari muyi la'akari da muhimman abubuwan da ke kula da wannan kyakkyawar shuka.
