Yaya za a yada kwayoyin melissa - kai tsaye "daga karce". Ƙarin bayanai game da namo na ciyayi na yaji

Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don shayar lemun tsami: cuttings, layering, rarraba daji. Dukkanin su suna dacewa a yayin da akwai damar samun damar cike daji.

Amma kafin tsarin noma, ya fi kyau ya zama saba da wasu fasali na dasa shuki da kula da shuka domin samun babban girbi a fita.

Kuma yadda zaka shuka irin wannan ciyawa mai amfani tare da hannuwanka, abin da ake kira "daga fashewa", menene ya kamata a la'akari da nuances lokacin farawa girma? Za mu yi kokarin bayyana wannan dalla-dalla a cikin wannan labarin.

Na farko aiki da saukowa

Zaɓin wuri

Don girma seedlings bukatar shirya wani wuri inda za a sami kwantena. Yawancin lokaci, masu amfani da kudancin gabas, kudu maso gabas da kudu maso yammacin wannan dalili, kuma a cikin hunturu suna amfani da karin haske (jimlar tsawon rana zai zama 8 zuwa 10). Ba superfluous ga wadanda suke so su shiga cikin namo of seedlings za su sayi phytolamps.

Ƙasa cewa

Lokacin da dasa shuki da tsire-tsire a cikin tukunya, za ka iya sayan kayan ciki na duniya don tsire-tsire na cikin gida a cikin kantin musamman, kuma za ku iya dafa shi da kanku, ku haɗa:

• 1 ɓangare na humus;
• 1 yanki na ƙasar;
• dintsi na yashi;
• gilashin itace ash.

Dole ne kasar gona ta fara horo.:

1. Ana iya ƙone ƙasa a cikin tanda (+ 180 - - 200K na minti 30).
2. Gasa ruwan zãfi ko zafi ruwan hoda bayani na potassium permanganate.
3. Don aiwatar da fasikanci bisa ga umarnin.

Duk waɗannan matakai ana ɗauka don tabbatar da cewa ba za'a zama kamuwa da kwayoyin da ke gaba ba a cikin ƙasa tare da cututtuka.

Zaɓin Zaɓuɓɓuka

Kamar yadda iyawa domin girma melissa seedlings za ka iya amfani da na yau da kullum ganga, wanda za'a saya a kantin kayan sana'a (tsayinsa ba zai wuce 10 cm) ba. Maimakon irin wannan akwati, zaka iya amfani da kayan aikin da ake samuwa:

• kwandon abinci na filastik, filayen filastik;
• zaka iya yin akwatin da hannuwanka daga planks, plywood;
• Za a saya cassettes, kwalliya ko katako na katako don wannan dalili.

Amma duk waɗannan kwantena dole ne a yi a kasan rami, wanda zai tabbatar da fitar da ruwa mai zurfi don hana gujewa daga asalinsu.

Wasu lambu suna yin shuka iri don seedlings a cikin abin da ake kira "diaper": tsari na tsari na tsaba a gefen takardar gidan wanke, wanda aka nannade ta hanyar rubutun, tare da takarda filastik.

Wannan hanya tana ba da sakamako mai kyau, ko da yake duk da haka ya kasance tare da tsinkaye mai yawa da yawancin mazauna rani. Idan zabi ya fadi a kan akwati ko tire, to dole ne a bi da shi tare da barasa ko wasu fungicide don kauce wa lalata ƙasa da shuke-shuke da ke gaba da wasu cututtuka.

Tsarin shirye

Kwayoyin lemun tsami ne kadan, kowane iri ba ya wuce 1 mm cikin girman. Sau da yawa, domin ya fi sauƙi a lura da su, an haxa su da yashi ko kuma da wasu albarkatu (letas, radish), wanda bayan an cire shi daga cikin wani akwati. Melissa tsaba ba sa bukatar pre-soaking.

Kafin shuka, ana rarraba su kawai, suna yin nutsewa na minti 20-30 a cikin wani bayani na 1% na potassium permanganate (1 gram na potassium permanganate da 100 milliliters na ruwa), don kauce wa cutar cututtuka na kasar gona da na gaba. Bayan tsarin tsaftacewa, an wanke tsaba tare da ruwan wanke mai tsabta kuma aka bushe. Don haka ba'a wanke kananan tsaba ba, dole ne a fara saka su a cikin kayan ado na nama, wanda ya kamata a daura da shi.

Shuka

Shuka tsaba ga seedlings ana gudanar da shi daga tsakiyar Maris zuwa tsakiyar Afrilu.Duk duk ya dogara ne da ranar kiyasta na saukowa a ƙasa. Idan ka yi shirin shuka lemun tsami a cikin daki, to, zaka iya shuka a kowane lokaci.

1. Ya kamata a cika masauki zuwa kasan akwati:
   • Ƙasa ƙarka.
   • Gravel
   • Dutsen gushewa
   • Bricks da sauransu.
2. Sa'an nan ƙasa, wanda ya kamata a tsaftace shi tare da na'urar atomizer.
3. Tsaba da lemun tsami mai yalwa da yashi ko wasu tsaba kuma an saka a cikin ƙasa mai laushi (0.5 - 1 cm). Zaka iya amfani da fensir don yin tsararren tsagi da kuma rarraba tsaba a kansu.
4. Bugu da ƙari, tsaftace duk fatar.
5. Kwandon da aka rufe tare da gilashi ko ƙarawa tare da filastik filastik, wadda za a iya cire tare da bayyanar da farko harbe.

Girmawa

Bayan kwanaki nawa ne tsaba ke tsiro?

Kamar yadda muka rigaya ya gani, lemun tsami yaran kadan ne, suna buƙatar lokaci mai tsawo don su cigaba: wannan lokaci na iya ɗaukar wata daya. Hanyoyin ciyawa da ƙwayar yaji sune kananan launi, kuma daga bayan - albarkatun kore, wanda suke da ganye guda biyu, wanda ke fuskantar da juna.

Menene harbe ke kama da hoto?

Kusa a cikin hoto su ne harbe na shuka.

Mene ne idan babu kwayoyin cuta?

Me yasa wani lokaci ba ya tashi? Gaskiyar cewa babu wata ƙwayar cuta ta iya zama zargi saboda mummunar yanayi na shuka. Yawancin lokaci, tsaba ba su da isasshen zafi da danshi, saboda haka yana da kyau don daidaita yanayin da zazzabi da rani. Zai yiwu tsaba sun kasance zurfi.

Don gwada wannan sigar, zaku iya rushe karamin yanki kuma ku tabbata cewa akwai wasu "canje-canje" a cikin bayyanar da ci gaba da shuka na gaba. Idan tsaba ba su nuna "alamun rai" ba, to, mafi mahimmanci, za su sake maimaita shuka, da farko sun tabbatar da inganci na iri (rayuwar rai, ranar girbi, da dai sauransu).

Kula

1. Akwatin da sown tsaba an sanya shi a wuri mai dumi da haske (+ 20С - + 25Y).
2. Kowace rana, gilashi ko fim dole ne a buɗe don bar iska ta shiga, da kuma cire condensate, wanda zai haifar da lalacewar tsire-tsire masu zuwa.
3. Dole ne a sauƙaƙe fuska daga cikin takaddama (1 lokaci a cikin kwanaki 2) daga kwalba mai laushi don jetan ruwa ba zai iya wanke saman Layer na ƙasa da "gurgu" marasa ƙarfi ba.
4. Tare da bayyanar sabbin furanni, yawan haske ya kamata ta ƙara ta amfani da ƙarin hasken haske da yamma.
5. Lokacin da tsire-tsire na girma zuwa 3-5 cm kuma zan kirga 2 ganyen gaskiya, ana dasa su a cikin kwantena (5 harbe na iya zama cikin tukunya 15 cm) ko kuma kawai an fitar da su a cikin wani akwati na kowa, cire seedlings daga wasu tsire-tsire (mafi nesa tsakanin seedlings shine 5 cm ).

Har ila yau, seedlings bukatar m ban ruwa daga spray gun da kuma watering (3-4 sau a mako). Lokacin da tsire-tsire suke girma zuwa 10 cm a tsayi, ya kamata su yi amfani da su a sama don samar da shuka a nan gaba.

10 - 15 days kafin dasa a cikin ƙasa bude, seedlings ya kamata fara wuya: fitar da na 'yan mintuna kaɗan bude sararin sama (ba kasa + 10C), hankali ƙara lokacin zama lokaci. A rana ta ƙarshe, ana iya bar tsire-tsire masu barci a barci..

Yayin da za a motsa zuwa wuri na dindindin?

A watan Mayu, bayan barazanar sake dawowa da gyangyaɗi, an riga an shuka shuke-shuke da ke da shekaru 40 zuwa 45 a cikin ƙasa.

Amma duk abin da ya dogara da yankin (a wasu lokuta yana yiwuwa ne kawai a farkon watan Yuni) da yanayin yanayi (idan sanyi ya fi sanyi, to yana da kyau a dakatar da saukowa).

Melissa seedling an dauke da lafiya idan ya dubi karfi da stockyTare da tsarin da aka gina sosai da kuma lokacin farin ciki, mai tushe. Har ila yau, ana nuna bambancin kwayoyin lafiya ta hanyar haske, cikakken launi, halayyar wasu iri-iri (daga kore duhu zuwa zinariya-salatin).

Tashi

A cikin tukunya

Yi la'akari da yadda za a shuka a tukunya.

1. A cikin tukunya da diamita na 15 zuwa 20 cm, da kuma ƙarar lita 1.5 zuwa 2, zuba ruwa mai laushi (2 zuwa 3 cm), sa'an nan kuma substrate (lambun gona, yashi, humus a cikin rabo 1: 1: 1).
2. A cikin madauri yana da muhimmanci don yin tsagi wanda ya kamata a sanya kayan yaji, a hankali a daidaita dukkan tushen sa. A cikin tukunya ɗaya zaka iya shuka tsire-tsire 2 - 3 a yanzu.
3. Duk hanyoyi suna cike da ƙasa.
4. Ƙasa tana guga ta hannun, musamman ma a kusa da tsire-tsire don tsayar da shi.
5. A ƙarshe, dole ne a hankali zubar da abinda ke cikin tukunya na watering iya a gefen akwati.

A cikin bude ƙasa

1. A cikin yankin da aka riga aka shirya (an rushe ƙasa, aka sassaƙa shi, an haɗe shi da haɗuwa da yashi a daidai daidai), ana raguwa ramukan, nesa tsakanin abin da zai zama kusan 40 cm, tsakanin layuka - 45-60 cm.
2. Dole ne a zubar da rijiyoyin da ruwa, don yalwata ruwan.
3. Za a fitar da tsire-tsire tare da clox mai laushi daga kwantena kuma a sanya su cikin rijiyoyin. Ƙaƙashin wuyan ƙanshin lemun tsami ya kamata a jawo tare da ƙasa.
4. Gudun sun cika da ƙasa, wajibi ne a yi amfani da ita don gyaran shuke-shuke.

Zan iya sayan kayan kayan shirye-shirye?

Idan babu lokaci don "damuwa" tare da noma na seedlings, to, zaku iya saya shirye-shirye a cikin shaguna na musamman da kuma kan layi. Wannan shuka ba shi da kyau, don haka seedlings zasu iya, ba tare da tsoro don ci gaba ba, har ma za a sayi a kasuwa.

Lokacin sayen, kula da tsarin tushen tsarin: dole ne ya zama karfi kuma ba tare da lalacewar ba.

Ya kamata ba za a fi son balagagge isa seedlings, tun da yake waɗannan tsire-tsire ne wadanda ke canza tsarin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mafi wuya. Kyakkyawan tsire-tsire ne mai tsada (tsayinta yana dogara ne akan nau'o'in), karfi, tare da tsire-tsire, ba tare da busassun ganyayyaki da sauran raunuka ba.

Yawan farashin lemun tsami a cikin tsirrai na Moscow ya kasance daga 120 rubles a kowace shuka zuwa 230 na 6 guda. A St. Petersburg, an biya ɗayan matashi daga 150 rubles da sauransu.

Tea da sauran kayan da ke cike da ƙwayar da ke cike da shuka da hannuwanka, zai zama mafi kyau, mafi muni kuma mafi amfani fiye da ɗakin da aka saya. Kada ku ji tsoro don gwaji: zai iya kawo minti mai yawa da suka dace.