Abin da ke shuka begonia da kuma yadda za a magance shi?

Amel begonias - yanke shawara mai kyau don yin riguna na arbors, makircin mutum da kuma fences. Magungunan kwayoyin halitta sun bambanta rashin kulawa a cikin kulawa kuma suna nuna damuwa da tsire-tsire, ganye mai haske, siffofin da dama da kuma fadi da launuka. Wannan labarin zai gaya maka abin da Ampelnaya Begonia yake, abin da iri iri iri ke kasance kuma yadda za a zaba, yadda za a shuka da yadda za a kula, abin da kake buƙatar yada begonia, da abin da kwari da cututtuka na iya barazanar shi.

Mene ne wannan fure?

Ampelnaya begonia ne mai daji na 20-25 cm tsawo. Harbe ya kai 40 cm a tsawon. An kafa matakan koren asymmetrical a kan mai girma. Furen suna da diamita na 5 cm, monoecious, guda-jima'i da launuka mai haske:

• Pink
• Red
• Orange.
• Mixed.

A kan m begonias girma iri biyu na furanni: mace da namiji.

Taimako! Flowers a kan begonias rayuwa ba fiye da kwanaki 10 da mutu. Tsayi mai tsawo saboda cigaban ci gaba da sababbin buds.

A cikin ƙasa mai ban mamaki, al'ada ta yi fure daga tsakiyar lokacin rani kuma ta ci gaba da shukawa har sai sanyi (wanda yake kula da shi). A gida, mai ban mamaki begonia yana da furanni kusan dukkanin shekara.

Tsarin dutsen begonias ya iske daga tudun ruwa da ruwa mai zurfi. Asia, Indiya, Afirka, Kudancin Amirka. A ƙarshen karni na 17, wannan al'ada ta yada a Turai. Ta kawo ta a cikin wani ƙwallon ƙafa. Sunanta - "begonia" injin da aka samu don girmama Begon - mai shirya safarar zuwa tsibirin Kudancin Amirka.

Daban tsire-tsire da hotuna da sunaye

Akwai hanyoyi masu yawa na asalin matasan. An samo su kuma sun dace da su a cikin yanayin yanayin mu. Akwai manyan jerin nau'ikan iri-iri mai suna begonia - Chanson. Tsire-tsire suna da nau'i-nau'i-biyu da furanni biyu na mita 6-8 cm, raƙumi-raƙumi. Tsawancin harbe daga 30 zuwa 40 cm. Mafi yawan irin jerin rantsan da ake kira Chanson:

• Vanilla yellow.
• White
• Salmon
• Copper.
• Dark ja
• Sautin furanni biyu da fari.
• Biyu-sauti orange-rawaya da sauransu.

Ƙararrun nau'o'in flower growers secrete wani raba subgroup na tuber begonia. Babban bambancinsa shine faduwar girma na igiya. Ana ganin wannan a cikin hoto.

Ka yi la'akari da hoto jerin iri:

Vanilla rawaya:

White:

Salmon:

Copper:

Dark ja:

Biyu-sautin ruwan hoda-fari:

Biyu-sauti orange-rawaya:

Yanayin shimfidar wuri

Shuka kayan da aka saya a cikin hunturu. Za'a fara magana a watan Maris. An dasa shuki mai kyau a cikin tukwane da diamita mafi girma fiye da 3 cm Kafin dasa shuki, an ajiye su a cikin yashi da kan kyallen tsummoki. Tabbatar haske da dumi. Ana dasa kayan abu ne a lokaci-lokaci da aka yadu da ruwa mai dumi. Kayan aiki ya zama ƙananan kuma mai faɗi kuma tare da rami mai laushi.

Yanayin dasa shuki a cikin cikin tukunya:

1. A ƙasa na tanki tanada takarda na tubali mai fashe ko tsakuwa, an rufe shi da yashi daga sama.
2. Zuba maɓalli don begonias. Don rigakafin, ana biyan kasar gona tare da fungicide ko potassium permanganate.
3. Gasa kayan da aka yada a kan ƙasa mai yashi tare da gefen haɗi.
4. Ruwa kusa da barci. An bar sashin saman kyauta.
5. Kullum cikakke sunyi barci kawai bayan bayyanar sprouts. Amma ba zurfi ba.

Begonias dasa a cikin tukwane ana kiyaye shi a wuri mai haske.

Shayar da hankali, ba kyautar laima zuwa tubers ba. Amel begonia saba da haske amma diffused rana. Don dasa shuki a gonar zabi wurin da ake kare shi daga iska da kuma hasken rana.. Shading wajibi ne don kaucewa konewa a kan ganye.

Lokaci mai kyau don saukowa a titin shine farkon Yuli. Ƙasa don begonias dole ne ya kasance mai numfashi kuma tare da tsaka-tsakin acidity. Sandstone hade da peat da leaf humus zai yi. Idan gonar lambu ta mamaye loam, ana diluted tare da ganye humus, yashi.

Algorithm na dasa shuki mai kyau begonia a kan titi:

1. Yi ramuka ga kowane daji, la'akari da girmansa. Tsakanin tsire-tsire masu girma, tsakaita ya kamata a kalla 30 cm, tsakanin matsakaici - 20 cm, tsakanin kananan tsire-tsire - 15 cm.
2. A cikin rijiyoyin suna kara cakuda ash tare da humus ko matsayi na musamman.
3. Moisten kasar gona da kuma sanya seedlings.
4. Ƙasarin gudun hijira ya rufe ƙasa.

Soyayyen ƙasa da ash da humus. Tabbatar da sassauta ƙasa don oxygen ya gudana.

Yadda ake kulawa?

Abokan begonia na gida ya fi son haske mai haske, haske a cikin gida. Zai zama mai kyau don saka tukwane da tsire-tsire a wuraren da rana ta wayewar rana da maraice (kafin 11 da bayan karfe 15). Zai fi kyau a sanya furanni a gabas da yammacin shinge.

Ganye za su ƙone, fade da fara wither. Temperatuur yanayin:

• A lokacin rani, ba mafi girma ba tare da digiri 20-22.
• A cikin hunturu, ba ƙananan fiye da 15.
• A lokacin hutawa - da 7-10.

A lokacin rani, ana kwashe akwati da tsire-tsire a kan baranda ko terrace. Sanya a wuri mai kariya daga iska da ruwan sama. Begonias son na yau da kullum amma matsakaici watering. Rashin ruwa mai wuce haddi yana haifar da lalacewar tushen tsarin.

Watering dokoki:

1. Yanayin kwantar da hankali - sau 2-3 a mako.
2. Ana cirewa daga sprayer.
3. Ba za ku iya ɗauka don shayar da ruwan sanyi daga famfo ba. Kafin amfani, an kare shi a lokacin rana, tace ko Boiled.
4. An rarraba ruwan sanyi a ko'ina cikin jirgin ruwa.
5. Kar ka bari ƙasa ta bushe.

Zuba kan begonias tare da ruwa mai laushi kawai. A cikin hunturu, an rage ruwan. An fitar da shi yayin da ƙasar ta bushe sau ɗaya a mako. A cikin lokacin da yawan ruwa mai yawan ruwa sau da yawa.

A cikin girma zamani, da ornamental al'adun an ciyar da nitrogen da takin mai magani. A lokacin flowering yi abun da ke ciki tare da low abun ciki na nitrogen da kuma cikakken tare da phosphorus da potassium. Sau 1-2 a shekara za a iya hadu da kwayoyin halitta. Kamar yadda ake bukata, an cire ganye da furanni daga begonias.

Ana samar da albarkatun gona a bude don samar da abinci, taki da weeding. Watering fasali:

• Moisturize plentifully (musamman a bushe weather), amma kada ka bari m danshi.
• Ana gudanar da watering kowane kwana 3. Better in safe.
• Ruwa kusa da tushen.

Young shuke-shuke suna ciyar da tare da phosphate da potash da takin mai magani. Flowering bushes hadu tare da hadaddun mahadi. Tare da farawar cin abinci mai sanyi da kuma dakatar da ruwa. Matattun begonias sun shirya don hunturu: an yanke stalks, an fitar da tubers bayan makonni 2. Bayan bushewa, an tsaftace su, saka a cikin akwati da hagu don ajiya a wuri mai sanyi: a cikin firiji ko a cikin ginshiki.

Major cututtuka da kuma kwari

A cikin begonias, na kowa rot ne launin toka rot, powdery mildew. A bayani na jan karfe sulphate tare da sabulu da ake amfani da rotating launin toka. Don lashe rinjayar powdery zai taimaka magunguna Morestan ko Fundazola.

Sanadin cututtuka:

1. Over-watering: yellowing, abscission da leaf rot.
2. Matsayi duhu: an wanke ganye.
3. Dry iska: abscission na buds, furanni da ganye.
4. Babban zafin jiki: fade.

Begonias shafi kwari: greenhouse aphids, taushi pseudo-garkuwa, whitefly, greenhouse thrips, gizo-gizo mites da sauransu.

Don hana cututtuka da kuma hare-haren ƙwayoyin cututtukan amfani da masu amfani da kwayar cutar.

Sakamakon da ya dace da aikin haɗari:

• Fundazol.
• Maxim.
• Topaz.
• Fast
• Fitosporin-M

Kiwo

Ƙararren begonias suna yadawa ta hanyar iri, yankan, rabo na tubers. An shuka tsaba a cikin watan Fabarairu. Don tsaba da aka shuka, ana amfani da allunan peat a matsayin mahimmanci. Ana kwantar da su a kan pallet kuma sunyi daɗaɗa sosai. Shuka da tsaba da kuma yayyafa da ruwan ɗaki. Rufe tare da polyethylene. Moisturize a kai a kai.

An shuka tsaba a cikin kwalaye a ƙasa maras acidic da malalewa.. Ajiye a cikin ɗaki mai haske a zafin jiki na + 22-24 digiri.

Sake bugun by cuttings:

1. Yankan da shirye-shiryen mai tushe.
2. Cire wuce haddi ganye da busassun yanka.
3. Matsayi na tafiyar matakai a cikin jirgin ruwa tare da ruwa a dakin da zafin jiki.
4. Gwaran tukwane bayan bayyanar tushen.

Domin haifuwa ta rarraba tuber an yanka shi cikin yankunan da dama., don haka a kowane ɗakin lobule akwai mafaka. Ana kula da sassan da gawayi kuma aka bushe a rana. Sa'an nan kuma a dasa a cikin akwati. Biyan ka'idodin kulawa, ko da wani lambu mai kwarewa zai iya girma ampel begonia.

Babban yanayi shine zabi na wuri mai haske tare da kariya daga hasken rana, ruwa na yau da kullum ba tare da ruwa ba, rigakafin cututtuka da bayyanar kwari.