Guernia yana da ban sha'awa a kan shinge masoya masu sha'awar furanni na gida, kodayake rashin kulawa a cikin kulawa. A lokacin flowering, yana da kyau sosai, don haka shuka kuma yana da sha'awa a cikin masu shuka. Bayani da kuma siffofin daji na Guernas sunyi la'akari a cikin labarin.
Bayanin Botanical na tsire-tsire na cikin gida
Wannan rinjaye yana cikin gidan Lastovnev. Afirka ta Kudu da yankin larabawa suna dauke da wurin haihuwa. Wannan inji shi ne perennial, yawanci yana da 4-5 mai tushe na koren launi, wasu lokuta ana iya ganin launin marmara ko launi. Kusar da takalma da ƙananan hakora waɗanda ba su da allura. Wannan mai karfi zai iya girma har zuwa 30 cm.
Ganye na guernias suna da ƙananan, amma sun kuma bushe da sauri kuma sun fadi. Aikace-aikace da aka samo su daga kwakwalwa suna iya motsawa daga mai tushe. Sabili da haka, mai rikici ya zama kama da wani daji mai laushi, wanda aka haɗe shi zuwa ƙasa ta kananan ƙananan, wanda yake a cikin launi na sama na ƙasa.
Flowers a cikin girman daga 5 zuwa 10 cm, suna da launi dabam dangane da iri-iri. Suna bayyana a wurin flower buds. Kowace fure tana samuwa a cikin ƙwayar cuta. Halin siffofin inflorescences na iya zama kamar tauraruwa ko kambi. Fata a kansu yana da santsi, kuma a tsakiya akwai pharynx tare da kananan jariri. Fure-fure na iya zama duka biyu, kuma tare da impregnations.
Rashin furen fure yana faruwa saboda kwari, kuma don ya jawo hankalin su, wutar lantarki ta fitar da wari mai ban sha'awa, wanda kawai yake ƙarawa tare da farawar zafi. Ɗaya daga cikin furanni zai iya rayuwa ba fiye da kwana 2 ba, amma ƙwayoyin suna ci gaba da girma a cikin ɗakunan yawa, saboda abin da tsarin flowering yake da shi na tsawon watanni. Lokaci na aiki na furewa a Yuni - Satumba. Kamanin furanni shi ne cewa sun fara farawa daga tushe. A madadin furen, bayan da aka gudanar da zabe, wani 'ya'yan itace ya bayyana tare da kananan tsaba a ciki.
Shin kuna sani? Yaran iri-iri Wormworms, wanda aka samo a Afirka ta Kudu, banda gagarumar ƙanshin, yana da ikon samar da zafi, kamar lokacin da nama ke juyawa. Don haka kwari suna ɓatar da su a can, kamar suna kan gaskiyar gaske.
Tsire-tsire iri
Harshen guernias yana da fiye da nau'i nau'i 60 na wannan shuka. Yawancin suna da irin wannan bayyanar, amma mutane da dama sun bambanta da siffar da launi:
- Kenya. Ana saran mai tushe zuwa ƙasa, kuma tsawon su kimanin 30 cm Akwai hakarkarin da hakora a kan harbe. A watan Yuni, farawa farawa, wanda aka bayyana ta bayyanar inflorescences na dama buds. Furen kamar furanni ne masu launi. Ɗaya daga cikin flower ya kai 3 cm a diamita.
- Zebrina. Tana tsiro ba fiye da 10 cm ba.Da mai tushe yana da gefuna 4, kuma girmansa yana kusa da 2 cm Daga rana a kan fata na shuka zai iya bayyana stains. Furen yana kama da tauraruwa tare da fused core, diamita yana kusa da 7 cm A tsakiya an fentin shi a launin burgundy, kuma ana rufe shi da ratsan rawaya a matakai.
- Babban 'ya'yan itace. Tsirrai yayi girma kuma yana da iska. Tsawon tsire-tsire yana da kimanin 20 cm. Akwai haƙuka 7 a kan kara, kuma inflorescences suna da kwakwalan 5. Flowers burgundy a launi da duhu blotches, diamita su 2 cm.
- Rough. Ganye suna da kyau, game da 1.5 cm m, suna da gefuna 5. Furen suna da siffar kamar kararrawa tare da 5 petals. Launi yana ruwan hoda. An kafa tushe tare da dogon papilla mai duhu.
- Hairy. Yana da ƙananan gajeren mai tushe, wanda aka rufe da hakora. Yana kama da cactus da aka saba. Ganye da kansu suna da haske a cikin launi, ana nuna takalma a kan hakora. Fure-fure suna da tsarin jiki kuma suna kama da tauraron dan adam, adadin su na diamita daga 2.5 zuwa 5 cm. Launi na inflorescences na iya zama ja, rawaya ko terracotta.
- Graceful. Ana harbe shi da harbe guda biyar, haske a cikin launi. Furen suna kama da kambi mai launin yashi. A cikin fure an rufe shi da burgundy dige.
Yanayi don girma a gida
Wannan shuka zai iya girma har ma masu shuka ba tare da fahimta ba, saboda yana da kyau a cikin kulawa. Ka'idojin namo ba su da siffofi, don haka yanayin da ya kamata ya kasance daidai da sauran tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Yanayi da haske
Zai fi kyau a yi shuka a gabas ko yammacin ɗakin. A kullum rana hasken hasken ya kamata ya haskaka shuka. Wannan mahimmanci yana ci gaba da kyau a wuri mai kyau, amma a duniyar rana, hasken hasken zai iya cutar da shuka, don haka dole ne ku fara yin shi a cikin sa'o'i guda a rana. Idan akwai haske kaɗan, harbe zai zama elongated da na bakin ciki.
Dubi mahimman shahararrun shahararrun cacti mai suna 10 tare da bayanin da hoto.A wannan yanayin, ana bada shawarar yin amfani da fitilu na musamman, musamman ma muhimmancin su ya karu a cikin hunturu. Bugu da ƙari, yana da daraja tunawa da cewa wannan rikici ba ya son canza wurin zama. Hasken haskakawa dole ne ya fada a daidai wannan kusurwa, don haka kada ku juya tukunya ko motsa shi. Saboda canje-canje a wurin wurin wutar lantarki zai iya sake saita buds da furanni.
Yanayin yanayin zafi
Lokacin da yanayi ke dumi waje, kuma yawan zafin jiki na iska ya kasance daga +23 zuwa + 27 ° C, zaka iya cire fitar da huerniya a baranda, inda zai rayu har sai sanyi ta farko. Yawanci wannan lokaci shine watanni 4 - daga May zuwa farkon Oktoba. A lokacin hunturu, dole ne a sanya shi cikin yanayin sanyaya. Yawan zafin jiki a cikin dakin ya kamata daga +5 zuwa + 10 ° C.
Air iska
Idan dakin ya bushe iska - wannan ba hani ne ga samar da wutar lantarki ba. Bazai buƙatar hydration ko spraying, kuma kada ku wanke shuka a karkashin ruwa. Wannan rinjaye yana mai saukin kamuwa da bayyanar rot a kan mai tushe, saboda haka yanayin zafi zai zama kamar kashi 30%. Don cire turbaya da sauran gurbatawa daga stalks, zai fi kyau su shafa fata su da zane mai laushi, da gashi auduga ko adiko na goge baki.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan guernia ke shiga cikin yanayi maras kyau, to, a cikin kwanaki biyu mai tushe zai juya cikin raguwa.
Kulawa na gida
Yayin da yake girma a cikin wannan gida, dole ne a lura da wasu hanyoyi, wanda ya dogara ne akan kakar.
Watering dokoki
A lokacin rani da kuma bazara, ana bada shawara don shayar da shuka a cikin bazara kawai bayan ƙasa ta bushe zuwa 50%. Cunkushe ƙasa yana da haɗari ga tsire-tsire, kamar yadda fadar ruwa da ƙasa mai laushi zai iya haifar da mutuwar mai rikici. Saboda kurakurai a cikin ruwa, injin zai iya zama kamuwa da fungi wanda zai haifar da lalacewa a kan kara ko rhizome.
Don ajiye shuka yana da wuyar gaske, kuma zai iya mutuwa a cikin mako guda kawai. A cikin hunturu, wajibi ne don rage yawan watering ko kuma dakatar da su gaba daya. Don hanya mai dacewa, yawan zafin jiki na ruwa zai dace da yawan zazzabi a cikin dakin. Zai fi kyau a sha ruwan da ke karkashin tushe - don haka sauran ba su kasance a kan kara da furanni ba.
Top dressing
Dogaro mafi kyau don guernia ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙasa sau 1-2 a kowace wata, duk da haka, ba a yi wannan ba a lokacin sauran lokutan. Don ana iya sayan hanya a kantin sayar da kayan ajiya mai mahimmanci don cacti ko masu maye.
Irin waɗannan shirye-shirye sun ƙunshi nauyin da ake bukata na ma'adanai da na gina jiki don shuka, wanda ya ba shi izinin girma da kyau kuma yayi ado sosai. Bugu da ƙari, yana da daraja a kula da gaskiyar cewa taki ba shi da nitrogen a cikin abin da yake da shi, ko akalla ya ƙunshi kananan ƙananan. Ba lallai ba ne don ciyar da shuka a cikin hunturu.
Pruning
Ta hanyar kanta, ikon bazai kai ga manyan girma a girma ba, sabili da haka, kada a yanke sautin. Idan ana so, ana iya yin haka a lokacin dasawa - a wannan yanayin, yana da Dole a aiwatar da sassan da itace ash. M pruned kawai dried harbe.
Tashi
Sanya wannan tsaiko ne kawai ya zama dole a cikin bazara. A lokaci guda, dole ne a zaɓi sabon tukunya kamar wata centimeters fiye da baya.
Yana da muhimmanci! Abinda ke ciki na kasar gona ya kasance daidai da wanda tsire-tsire ta shuka kafin shukawa.
Tsarin tsire-tsire suna buƙatar karuwa a cikin tukunya a kowace shekara, don haka ana dasa su sosai sau da yawa. Wannan shi ne saboda girma girma da kuma saki harbe na shuka a wannan lokaci na rayuwa. Amma asalin wannan shuka ba sa ɗaukar sararin samaniya, don haka an dasa dashi na samfurori da aka riga aka yi fiye da sau ɗaya kowace shekara 2-3.
Idan ƙasa ba ta kamu da cutar kuma bata dauke da fungi ba, to, ana bada shawarar shukawa ta hanyar amfani da hanyar sintiri: wannan hanya ba za ku lalata mahimman ƙwayoyin ba. In ba haka ba, yana da kyau a sake maye gurbin ƙasa. Har ila yau a lokacin da aka dasa shukar shuka masu shuka furanni an cire su don cire tsohuwar tsintsin, kuma su shuka kawai samari.
Kiwo
Wannan mai karfi yana iya haifuwa ta hanyar yankan da tsaba, wanda mafi yawan lokuta yakan faru a yanayi. A cikin yanayi na ɗakin da kake zaɓar wane hanya ne mafi yarda da kai. Kuma domin tsari ya kasance mai amfani, dole ne a la'akari da wasu nuances.
Cuttings
Don aiwatar da wannan hanya, dole ne ka farko ka raba rassan matasa daga tsofaffi. Bayan haka, ana dakatar da harbe har tsawon sa'o'i 24 don su iya bushe.
Bayan kwana daya zaka iya saukar da 'yan Guernia a cikin wani cakuda m yashi da peat. Yanayin iska a cikin dakin ya kamata + 20 ° C. Bayan bayanan sa'a da rabi zai bayyana a kan cuttings. Wannan alama ce cewa yana yiwuwa a dasa shukar ƙarfafa samfurori a cikin tukwane mai tsabta tare da diamita kimanin 7 cm.
Dole ne a shirya ƙasa a gaba. Don haka kana buƙatar hadawa:
- 1 sashi na yashi;
- 2 sassa na groundy ground;
- 1 part turf;
- 1 part cakuda mur da lemun tsami a cikin rabo daga 1 zuwa 8.
Karanta karin bayani game da kula da furen Decembrist a gida.
Tsaba
Za'a iya sayo wannan shuka mai kyau, amma ya fi kyau ka tattara naka. Yawancin lokaci an samo su a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa da ke kan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Bayan tattara hatsi, ya wajaba a cire su a kan su. Sa'an nan kuma an sanya kayan a cikin wani bayani na potassium permanganate da kuma sown. Da farko, ya wajaba don dasa tsaba a cikin kwantena masu rarraba, wanda ƙasa mai yashi ko adana maɓallin gogewa don shiryawa ya shirya a gaba.
Yana daukan kimanin wata daya don zuriya don shuka. Duk wannan lokaci, kasar gona tana shayarwa sosai. A lokaci guda ba'a bada shawara don rufe tukwane tare da tsare ko gilashi. Lokacin da tsaba suka shuka, za'a iya dasa su a cikin tukwane mai tsabta tare da diamita na 6 cm. Abin da ke cikin ƙasa ya zama daidai da yaduwa ta hanyar cuttings.
Yana da daraja tunawa cewa wutar lantarki ta tsiro da sauri da kuma sauƙi pereopyletsya, a game da wannan, ƙwayoyin tsire-tsire na iya bambanta daga samfurin iyaye. Bugu da ƙari, kada ka bari ƙasar ta bushe a farkon shekara ta rayuwa na succulent. Kwayoyin Gerbed sun fara fito daga tsaba zasu fara furanni cikin shekaru 3-4 bayan germination.
Difficulties a girma
Wasu lokuta a kan shafuka masu duhu masu duhu suna iya gani - waɗannan suna konewa daga hasken hasken rana. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a ɗauka shuka tare da zane ko takarda. Amma kada ku kasance da himma da wannan, domin injin zai zama kodadde da maras kyau. Rashin lalacewa ga Guernia shine ambaliya da ƙasa mai zafi.
Shin kuna sani? Da yake ganin wadannan tsire-tsire a karo na farko, Goethe ya bayyana su a matsayin "mafi kyau, mafi yawan furanni" saboda tsananin wariyar su. Kuma Birtaniya da ake kira Guerniya mummunan kifi, saboda ƙanshinta ya zama kama kifi.Idan akwai tudu mai yawa, to, mai amfani na powderyg zai iya bayyana akan furen, wanda zai haifar da cututtukan fungal. Don kawar da shi, kana buƙatar kula da shuka tare da kwari, irin su "Aktara" ko "Intavir". Har ila yau, matsanancin danshi zai iya haifar da lalata a kan shuka. Ya bayyana launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka a kan akwati. A wannan yanayin, nan da nan cirewa da wuraren da aka shafa da magudanar ƙasa zai taimaka.
Saboda gaskiyar cewa irin wannan yanayin da aka saba da shi don daidaitawa ga hamada mai wuya, tare da matsalolin da ake yi a gonar gida ba sabawa ba. Kula da duk shawarwarin don inganta wutar lantarki, har ma da mai sayad da furanni ba zai iya samun wannan tsire-tsire ba a kan windowsill.
