Idan ka yanke shawarar girma a gida, yana da muhimmanci a san yadda za'a kula da wannan fure, yadda za a yada shi, da ruwa da kuma takin. Irin wannan muhimmancin bayanai zai taimaka ma mahimmancin kayan lambu suyi girma da lafiya. Karin bayani a kan wannan labarin.
Janar bayani
Brovalliya ana amfani da shi a matsayin kayan ado, za'a iya sanya shi cikin gidan, a baranda har ma a gonar. Mafi sau da yawa, masu girma suna girma brunchia kyau, wanda furanni suna blue. Tsire-tsire yana da tsayi, ba tare da yanayin ba, har ma a cikin hunturu. 
Bayanin Botanical na shuka
A Turai, an kawo jewallia daga Colombia - wata ƙasa da aka dauka ta asalinta. Yana da furen shekara-shekara wanda ya kai 1.5 m a tsayi a cikin yanayin yanayi, kuma a gida yana iya zama har zuwa 40. Furen na iya zama tsayayye ko ƙananan ƙananan matasan. Ganye suna da nau'in lanceolate da nuna iyakar, daga 2 zuwa 9 cm tsawo kuma 2-4 cm fadi.
Sashin ɓangaren furen yana da gajeren - 2.5 cm Yana dauke da furanni daya da aka tattara a cikin goga. Hanyoyin zygomorphic sun hada da rabi biyar da rabi guda biyu. Suna kama da rami mai budewa.
Launi na inflorescences na iya samun inuwa daban-daban, yana dogara da nau'in flower. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne mai tsayi, m cikin siffar, sun ƙunshi tsaba. Tsuntsu na bloovalia yana da watanni 16-18, ba tare da hutu ba, amma a lokaci guda, ƙananan ƙwayoyin za su iya rasa haske a launi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsarin rai na flower yana da shekaru 2, a wannan lokacin yana shuɗuwa sau ɗaya kawai, amma ana iya kara rayuwarta tare da taimakon haifuwa.
Dabbobi
Akwai wasu nau'o'in basallia. Masu amfani da furanni don yin amfani da su suna amfani da irin waɗannan da suka fi dacewa don kiyayewa a gida.
Bari muyi la'akari a cikin dalla-dalla mafi yawan abubuwan da suka fi shahara:
- Brullalia ne kwazazzabo - furen furen tsakanin masu shuka da furanni, ƙananan karamin - 40 cm Yana da duhu mai laushi mai tsayi har tsawon mita 6. Ƙananan abubuwa kimanin 3 cm suna da launuka daban-daban: blue, blue ko purple tare da cibiyar haske. Flowering yana da watanni 12.
- Amurka azure - Difference daga wasu iri ne kadan hairiness da kuma tsawon lokaci flowering. Flowers na wannan iri-iri tare da diamita na 2.5 cm, guda. Hue inflorescences m ko blue. Shrub har zuwa 60 cm an rufe shi da furanni.
- M - Girman shrub na wannan iri-iri yana da minti 30. Wannan mai suna browallia yana mai suna saboda gashin da ya dace da sutura. Rashin tsire-tsire suna shayar da tsire-tsire, sune kananan, launi mai launi tare da wani farar fata. A cikin gonar, furen zai iya fure kafin fara sanyi.
- Alba - iri-iri iri-iri na baya, yana da furanni masu furanni da cibiyar rawaya. Daidaita don kiwo a dakuna.
- Saffir - Itaji yana da ƙasa, har zuwa 20 cm a tsawo. Ya sami sunan saboda launin inuwa na launuka. Tsomawa kullum cikin shekara.
- Blue ƙararrawa - Furen fure wanda ba shi da kyau a kula. Spherical daji ke tsiro har zuwa 35 cm a tsawo. Buds an kafa a cikin watanni uku bayan shuka. A diamita na furanni - 3 cm, su launi ne blue tare da daban-daban tabarau.
- Brullalia marina bell - daidai da iri-iri na baya, shi ne matasan. Yana da ƙananan ƙarancin ƙananan kwayoyi tare da diamita kimanin 2 cm Ya fara farawa buds a watan biyu bayan shuka. A furanni ne blue.
- Ƙararraron ƙararrawa - matashi ne. Hannun kamanni suna kama da tauraron biyar da aka nuna a fili, diamita su ne 3 cm, launi yana fari.
Aikace-aikacen
Wasu nau'i na mummunan za a iya kiyaye su ba kawai a cikin yanayin cikin gida ba, har ma a kan loggias, balconies, har ma a gonar, domin suna iya yin fure a cikin irin wannan yanayi kafin farawar frosts. Flowers ba kawai yi ado, amma kuma cika gidanka tare da m ƙanshi.
Shin kuna sani? Bovallia ya bayyana a Turai a 1846. Ya karbi suna a cikin girmamawa da Yaren mutanen Sweden bishop, likita da Botanist Johannes Bruvallya.
Yanayi na cin ganyayyaki na gida
Brovalia wani tsire-tsire ne, amma don girma wannan furanni mai ban mamaki, dole ne ku bi dokoki na kula da shi. Don yin wannan, kana buƙatar ruwa da kuma yanke busassun bushe. Bugu da ƙari, wasu, muhimman mahimman bayanai, waɗanda za ku koyi game da, ana kiran su da hanyoyin kulawa. 
Zaɓi wuri
Wannan irin shuke-shuke na cikin gida yana da ƙaunar mai zafi, amma bai yarda da hasken rana a kan launi ba, saboda za su iya ƙone. Amma tare da rashin haske, flower zai Bloom mugun. Don kulawa na cikin gida, yafi kyau a saka shi a kan taga mai haske, tare da wata inuwa, kuma idan kun shuka shuka a kan baranda ko a gonar, ya kamata a sanya shi a gabas. A lokaci guda wuri ya zaba ya zama ba tare da zane ba.
Shin kuna sani? Brovalliya na iyalin solanaceae, sabili da haka shi dangi dan dankali ne da tumatir.
Air zazzabi da zafi
Temperatuwan da zafi suna da muhimmanci ga flower, saboda sanyi ko zafi zai iya haifar da mummunar tasiri akan shuka.
Yi la'akari da abin da waɗannan alamun ya kamata su kasance a lokuta daban-daban na shekara:
- A cikin bazara haske ya zama matsakaici. A wannan lokaci na shekara yana da kyau a sanya furen a yamma ko gabashin ɗakin. Yawancin zafi ya zama 60-70%, saboda wannan zaka iya amfani da kayan rigar, wanda aka sanya a kan tire (gangaji, peat ko pebbles). Hakanan zaka iya sanya kusa da madogarar furanni da ruwa, wanda zai ƙare ƙare. Kowace rana, dole ne a yi shuka tare da ruwa mai dumi, amma kada ya fada a kan inflorescences, saboda za su gurɓata kuma za su iya fada. Yawan zazzabi a wannan lokacin ya zama + 18 ... + 20 ° C.
- A lokacin rani Ana iya sanya furen a cikin baranda ko a kai shi cikin gonar, amma a lokaci guda ya kamata a kiyaye shi daga hasken rana kai tsaye da iska mai karfi. Yawancin zafi ya zama daidai a cikin bazara, amma yawan zafin jiki na abun ciki ya zuwa + 25 ° C. Yanayin da ke sama ba daidai ba ne ga shuka, saboda zai iya bushewa saboda zafi.
- A cikin kaka Ya kamata a dade tsawon tsawon rana tare da taimakon ƙarin haske, domin idan akwai rashin haske, fure ba zai yi fure ba. Yanayin zafin jiki a cikin dakin inda ginshiki ya kamata ya kasance a cikin kewayon + 18 ... + 20 ° C, yayin da ya wajaba a hankali ya rage shi don shirya shuka don hunturu. Humidity ya zama 50-60%.
- A cikin hunturu Yanayin iska zai zama + 16 + + 18 ° C, tun da iska mai sanyi ya yi amfani da buds, kuma a yanayin zafi mai zurfi da kuma rashin haske, ɗayan zai fara ƙauna kuma ya raunana. Yanayin zafi ya kasance a matakin 40-50%.
Care Tips
Duk da cewa baurovliya wani tsire-tsire ne marar amfani, yana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman da kuma aiwatar da watering, dacewa, pruning da kuma dasawa a cikin wani sabon tukunya. Duk waɗannan matakai dole ne a yi a cikin wani jerin. Yi la'akari da kowane ɗayansu a cikin dalla-dalla.
Yana da muhimmanci! Akwai abu mai guba a cikin ganyayyaki da kuma a kan tushe na budvalia, sabili da haka furen yana guba. Dole ne a kiyaye shi daga iyawar yara da dabbobi, kuma bayan yin aiki tare da shi, wanke hannaye sosai.
Watering
Ya kamata a gudanar da gyaran gona ba tare da la'akari da inda fure yake ba: a gonar, a kan baranda ko cikin dakin. Amma dole ne a haifa tuna cewa yawan watering iya haifar da rotting na tushen. Don kula da tsire-tsire a cikin tsire-tsire zabi ƙananan watering. Da wannan hanya, tushen zasu sami isasshen ruwa. Ruwa don ban ruwa ya zama mai laushi, dakin da zafin jiki. A lokacin zafi, kana buƙatar ruwa da furen yau da kullum. A cikin hunturu, ya isa ya wanke ƙasa sau 1-3 a mako. 
Top dressing
Domin bravallia don faranta maka rai tare da furanni, dole ne don wadatar da shi da kayan abinci. Ƙara taki zuwa ruwa don ban ruwa kuma ciyar da shuka 1 lokaci cikin kwanaki 14. Dole ne a kirkiro abun da ake amfani da takin mai magani daga potassium da phosphorus, tun da waɗannan abubuwa sun hada da furanni.
Wani lokaci buds buds bazai bayyana na dogon lokaci ba. Wannan, da farko, shine sakamakon kurakurai a kula da furanni, musamman, dasa shuki a cikin babban cikin tukunyar kwari, inda asalinsu a cikin ƙasa yayi girma, saboda abin da akwai rashi na ma'adanai, haske ko wuce gona da iri.
Ƙara koyo, yadda za'a ciyar da tsire-tsire na cikin gida.
Pruning
Ana yin shi ne kawai ba don cire furen furen da furanni daga daji ba, har ma don samar da shi. Ƙarshen iyakar da harbe ya buƙaci tsunkule zuwa daji da aka kafa a kaikaice buds. Ana cire bushewa da ganye da furanni da aka yi a lokacin flowering.
Bugu da ƙari, pruning yana ƙarfafa rayuwar furen, domin yana cire fayilolin dried, tsofaffi da kuma kara harbe, wanda ke dauke da muhimmancin shuka. Don wannan hanya, amfani da shears na lambu, wanda aka yanke a hankali a kan harbe. 
Tashi
Dandana masu tsinkar furanni sun san cewa a lokacin flowering akwai yiwuwar dasa dashi. Brovalia - mai kyau flower wanda ba ya jure wa cikakken dashi. Zai fi dacewa a yi amfani da hanyoyi na tayar da hankali, wanda shine cewa an sanya shuka a cikin wani sabon tukunya tare da clod na tsohuwar ƙasa. Wannan tsari ya kamata a yi kafin flowering. Mafi kyaun ƙasa don fermentation shi ne cakuda turf, yashi, humus, katako a cikin rabo daga 1: 1: 1: 1.
Yana da muhimmanci! Turawan da ke da kyau ba su yi girma kamar yalwaci ba, kuma suna da kananan furanni. A wannan yanayin, wajibi ne a maye gurbin shuka tare da sabon sa, wanda za'a iya girma daga tsaba ko cuttings na wani tsohon daji.
Bugu da kari a gida
Akwai hanyoyi biyu na haifuwa na wannan shuka: ta amfani da cuttings da tsaba.
Yi la'akari da kowanne daga cikinsu:
Domin yada wannan flower tare da iri, dole ne ku bar su a kan furanni guda biyu, kowannensu ya ƙunshi tsaba 10. Dasa yana buƙatar shirya ƙasa. An girbe daga humus da yashi a daidai rabbai ko saya a cikin shaguna na musamman shirye Mix.
Ana sanya ƙasa a cikin akwati da kuma yin ƙananan cututtuka wanda aka sanya tsaba da kuma wanke su da kwalba mai laushi. Akwatin ta rufe hoto ko gilashi kuma an sanya shi a wuri mai daɗaɗɗen da zafin jiki na + 18 ... + 20 ° C. Kowace rana kana buƙatar saukowa ta iska don 2-3 hours, mafi kyau a yi da safe. 
Na farko harbe zai bayyana a cikin kwanaki 7. Tsarin ci gaba mai girma yana ɗauka daga kwanaki 8 zuwa 14. Bayan da tsire-tsire suka yi girma kuma tushen su ya ƙarfafa, ana iya dasa su a cikin tukwane, ta yin amfani da wannan hanya.
Don kiwo cuttings dauka cututtukan daga ko'ina cikin shuka. An rushe shi a cikin wani wuri mai haske, yana iya zama a cikin yashi ko ma a cikin ruwa, yana shirya yankan gine-gine daga jakar filastik. Lokacin da aka shuka tsire-tsire a cikin kwantena masu rarraba.
Matsaloli masu yiwuwa
Lokacin da girma brovalia, akwai wasu matsalolin da suke hadewa ba kawai tare da kulawa mara kyau ba, har ma da bayyanar kwari da cututtuka:
- Mealy dew - Kwayar cuta ta irin wannan flower. Ya bayyana a matsayin farin powdery ajiya a kan ganga da kuma ganye na flower. Idan ba a rarrabe shi ba, ganye zasu yi duhu kuma bushe. Hanyoyi masu kyau don ci gaba da wannan cuta suna da yawan zafin jiki da zafi. Don kawar da powdery mildew, dole ne mu bi da shuka tare da ma'aikatan fungicidal ("warkarwa" ko "Topaz").
- Aphid - na kowa tsire-tsire. Ya yi kama da fatar baki, wanda ya ƙunshi saitin maki. Aphid ta shafe siffar launin ruwan 'ya'yan itace mai launin ruwan kasa, canza launin launi, tsotsa ruwan' ya'yan itace daga tushe, wanda zai kai ga mutuwar furen. Mafi sau da yawa aphids bayyana a kan tsire-tsire da suke kunshe a kan titi. Don kawar da kwaro, dole ne a bi da fure tare da shirye-shiryen "Inta-vir", "Aktara" ko "Fozalon", kuma yanke sassa da suka shafi jikin.
- Farin tashi - wani kwaro ne da yake shafi wadannan furanni. Ƙananan kwari suna tsaya a baya na takardar. Babban lalacewa yana haifar da kananan larvae na whitefly, wanda ciyar a kan sap na flower. A hankali, inabin ya fara bushewa ya mutu. Don kawar da larvae, wajibi ne don bi da shrub tare da ruwa mai sabulu kuma yanke wadanda sassa na shuka wanda rigakafi sun rigaya ya shafa. Don hana whitefly daga kai hare-hare akan tubalin, zaka iya rataya igiya mai kwalliya kusa da furen.
- Gizo-gizo mite - ana iya gani a kan yanar gizo a kan harbe da buds. Yana lalata tsirrai tare da labaran wuri, inda zullun duhu ya bayyana a cikin lokaci. Mite baya yarda da zafi mai tsanani, sabili da haka, don rigakafin cutar, wajibi ne don yad da wani daji daga kwalba mai laushi. Idan furen ya riga ya kamu da cutar, dole ne a bi da shi da ma'anar giya. Yana da dace tincture na calendula ko tafarnuwa.
- Mealybug - haifar da hari a kan tushe, kama da gashi auduga. Bugu da ƙari, ciwon da ke ci a kan ruwan 'ya'yan itace na furen, yana kuma barin abubuwa masu guba a shafin yanar gizo, wanda, yadawa ta hanyar kara, yana raunana shuka. Don kawar da kwaro, ya wajaba a kula da daji tare da ma'anoni na musamman ("Inta-vir" ko "Aktellik") kuma cire wuraren da suka shafi yankunan.
Ta hanyar kasancewa da aminci ga dokoki na kulawa da kulawar Brovallia, zaka iya shimfiɗa rayuwar shuka kuma ka yi lambun kyau a gida. Daji na shekaru da yawa zai yi maka farin ciki da launuka masu ban mamaki, ya fitar da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi kuma ya samar da yanayi na ta'aziyya a gidanka.
