Geranium wani mashahuri ne wanda ke tsiro da kyau a cikin ɗakin da kan titi. Ka yi la'akari da dukkanin hanyoyin da ake amfani da su a geraniums a gida, musamman kulawa da matakan da za su magance cututtuka da kwari da zasu iya shafar shuka.
Yanayi mafi kyau don dasa shuki da girma shuke-shuke
Geranium wani tsinkar ƙarancin zafi ne da mai haske wanda ya fi so ya yi girma a kan taga-sill na kudu. Yawancin lokaci, injin zai ji dashi a yammacin gabas da gabas, amma arewacin gidan don saukar da shuka bazai aiki ba.
Fure ba ya jure wa rashin hasken rana, ana harbe harbe, ya gano, babu flowering. Lokacin zabar wuri don namo a titin, bi ka'idodi iri ɗaya: zabi wuri mai haske, kariya daga samfurori da iska mai karfi. 
Wani furanni yana tasowa sosai lokacin da zafin jiki a cikin dakin yana a + 20 ... + 25 ° C, a cikin hunturu zazzabi ba za ta fada a kasa + 13 ° C, in ba haka ba sai furen zai sha wahala kuma zai mutu. Girma ko busassun iska yana da mummunan tasiri akan furen kuma yana haifar da kwari da cututtuka, don haka ya fi kyau kula da zafi a matakin 50-60%.
Humidity na ƙasa ya zama matsakaici, kuma m watering iya sa tushen rotting, rare - bushe geranium, don haka watering ya kamata a za'ayi bayan topsoil ya bushe fita.
Shin kuna sani? "Geranium" daga Girkanci na nufin "stork", an yi imani da cewa sunan flower ne saboda 'ya'yan itatuwa da suke kama da baki.
Yadda za a shuka wani geranium
Domin furen ya bunkasa da kyau kuma yayi farin ciki da yawan furanni, dole ne ku bi shawarwarin don dasa shuki fure, don haka la'akari da wannan bayani cikin ƙarin bayani.
Yakin kwanakin
Lokaci na dasa shuki geraniums ya dogara ne akan hanyar tsarin namo. Idan ana shuka tsaba, to, lokaci mafi kyau ga wannan ƙarshen Mayu. Tsarin tsire-tsire ko rhizomes zai iya zama daga baya - a farkon ko a tsakiyar Yuni. Za a iya aiwatar da shuka a cikin tukunya, a wannan yanayin, lokacin mafi kyau - Janairu-Fabrairu.
Ayyuka na shirye-shirye
Fure yana so ya yi girma a cikin ƙasa, mai kyau da ƙasa mai kyau, matakin matakin pH zai iya bambanta daga acidic zuwa tsaka tsaki. Kayan shirye-shiryen ƙasa da aka yi a shirye-shiryen musamman ga geranium, wanda aka saya a cikin kantin kayan musamman, zai yi aiki sosai. Idan ba a samo cakuda na musamman ba, don yin wannan, toshe kowane madara don tsire-tsire-tsire (2 sassa) tare da vermiculite (2 tablespoons da 1 l na substrate), wanke tare da kogi yashi (0.5 sassa), peat ( 0.5 sassa), perlite (1 tbsp 1 lita na substrate). 
Ana bada shawara don lalata ƙasa domin kawar da kwayoyin cututtuka da fungi. Don yin wannan, zaka iya amfani da tukunyar jirgi na biyu, ajiye ƙasa a can na minti 30. Idan ba tare da tukunyar jirgi na biyu ba, za ka iya turba kasar gona kamar haka: zuba kayan a cikin kwandon jaka, sanya shi a kan akwati da ruwan zafi, ƙara ruwan zãfi zuwa ruwa kamar yadda ruwa ya kwanta, rufe tsarin daga sama tare da murfi ko lokacin zane.
Yana da matukar muhimmanci a zabi gwaninta mai kyau domin bunkasa geraniums, don haka bari mu dubi wane tukunyar da za ku iya dasa furanni. Lokacin zabar tukunya, ya kamata a shiryar da mutum ba kawai ta wurin zaɓaɓɓiyar sirri ba, rashin daraja ko sauƙi na kulawa da damar, amma har da zaman lafiya na tsire-tsire masu girma a cikin tukwane da aka yi daga kayan daban-daban. Gilashin kwalliya suna da matukar dacewa don amfani, suna da sauƙi don tsaftacewa, kada kuyi yakin, ba su da amfani kuma suna da matsakaicin nauyin.
Shin kuna sani? Geranium ya fita yana da wani ƙanshi kuma a wasu kasashen Asiya suna da matukar sha'awar dafa abinci, an yi amfani dasu a matsayin kayan yaji don farko da kuma manyan abinci.
Geranium ma yana jin dadi a cikin tukunyar filastik, amma wani lokacin yana shan wahala daga juyawa daga cikin tushen, musamman ma idan akwai isassun ramuka don tafkin ruwa ko kuma an shirya gyaran gyare-gyare kadan. Aikin tukunya yana dauke da mafi kyawun zaɓi na girma da furanni, tun bayan an yi amfani da shi, bayan da aka yi amfani da shi, zafin jiki zai iya kwashe ta cikin ganuwar tukunya. Bugu da ƙari, yumbu zai iya cire fitar da salts cutarwa ga shuka daga ƙasa. Kayan kwalliya suna samar da kyakkyawan yanayi na asalinsu, kamar yadda suke da tsari mai laushi.
Girman tukunya yana da mahimmanci, idan ka zabi babban ganga mai girma-diamita don karamin karami ko ƙananan matasan, zaka iya haifar da rashin furanni. A cikin manyan tukwane, geranium zai kara girma tushen tsarin, wanda bangare na furen zai kara girma. Mafi girman girman geranium shine tukunya na 12-15 cm a diamita da 15 cm a tsawo. 
Hanyar saukowa
Geranium sau da yawa rikice tare da pelargonium, wadannan tsire-tsire suna da wasu kamantan waje kuma sun kasance iri ɗaya, amma suna da launi daban-daban. Pelargonium yana girma ne kawai a yanayin yanayin gida, kuma geranium shine furen duniya, sabili da haka yana girma sosai a cikin flowerbeds da cikin tukwane. Ana iya dasa geranium a wuri mai bude a cikin hanyoyi guda kamar yadda a cikin tukunya, amma tare da wasu dokoki sun biyo baya, saboda haka za muyi la'akari da nuances na saukowa a kowace hanya a cikin cikakken bayani.
Tsaba
Tsarin iri na dasa shuki geraniums a kan gadon filawa yana da mahimmanci, tsaba suna da kyakkyawan shuka kuma suna tafiya da sauri, wanda ke taimakawa wajen bunkasa ƙasa da farkon shuka shuke-shuke. Kasar gona don dasa shuki geraniums ya kamata a warke sosai, yawan zafin jiki na kasar gona ya zama akalla + 15 ° C. Sanya da kyau kafin digging, cire weeds. Don shuka a cikin ƙasa yayi m (har zuwa 3 cm), tsawon grooves.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don adana iri, dole ne a lura da jerin aiki tare da wakilai masu mahimmanci, in ba haka ba tsaba zai iya rasa yin amfani da su.
Kafin shuka, ana bada shawarar yin watsi da tsaba da kuma sarrafa su, don haka an saka su a farkon sallar salin (2 teaspoons gishiri) da 1 l na ruwa. Tsawanan da suka taso - zubar da su, waɗanda suka fadi zuwa kasa - za'a iya amfani da su don shuka. An yi watsi da shuka a karkashin ruwa mai guje don kawar da gurasar gishiri, shafa tare da tawul ɗin takarda.
Na gaba, ci gaba da disinfection tare da bayani na potassium permanganate: a 1 l na ruwa narke da potassium permanganate a tip na wuka don samun ruwa mai low-kashi. Yi wanka da tsaba a cikin mafita sakamakon minti 20, to, ku wanke a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudu kuma ku bushe tare da tawul na takarda. Mataki na karshe shine maganin iri tare da mai girma stimulator.
Domin irin wannan aiki, mai dacewa "Zircon" ko "Appin", wanda aka bada shawara don amfani bisa ga umarnin. Ana busar da tsaba da aka ba da tawada ta takarda da kuma sanya su a rana, dumi-sill, wanda aka warwatse a jaridar don rana don su bushe da kyau.
Ana yin shuka a shirye-shiryen da aka shayar da shi, ruwa mai dumi, ƙoƙarin kiyaye nesa na 2 cm tsakanin tsaba. Shuka albarkatu tare da ƙasa mai laushi, kada ka yi tamp, za ka iya ɗauka a ƙasa da dabino.
Video: dasa shuki geranium tsaba
Scion
Samar da geranium harbe da suka dauki tushe shine kyakkyawan zaɓi don samun tsire-tsire mai tsire-tsire. Don haifuwa daga geranium harbe, yana da muhimmanci don amfani da girma shuka tare da a kaikaice Branching. Ana bada shawara don yanke hanyoyin don kara dasa shuki a ƙasa a ƙarshen Mayu, don samun tushen tsarin yana faruwa a cikin ƙasa mai zafi.
Tsarin girbi da shafi na kamar haka:
- Yanke aikin da aka zaɓa tare da wuka mai maƙarƙashiya (dole ne ya kasance aƙalla 3 zanen gado), ya adana tsawon 7 cm.
- Ka bar scion a kan taga sill na tsawon sa'o'i 3 don bushe yanki kadan. Rigakafin juyawar wani geranium tushe shi ne lura da shafin da aka yanke tare da murfin gawayi, wanda aka yi nan da nan bayan aiwatar da yanke tsarin.
- An shuka shuka a cikin rami a cikin lambun (zurfin - 3 cm), tamping kasar gona a kusa da tushe.
- Bayan dasa, dasa ƙasa a kusa da shafukan yana shayar da ƙananan ruwa.
Video: geranium kiwo tsari
Rhizome
Sake haifar da rhizome na geranium ba dama ba kawai don samun karin tsire-tsire ba, amma har ma ya sake sake tsofaffin tsofaffi. Lokacin mafi kyau ga irin wannan kiwo shi ne ƙarshen lokacin rani, a wannan lokacin da tsire-tsire ta hutawa, kuma hanyar sauƙaƙe tushen shine sauƙin sauya ta hanyar shuka.
Za ku so ku san yadda za ku yada geranium sarauta a gida.
Don yin hanya daidai, dole ne ku bi jerin ayyukan:
- tono sama da wani girma geranium, a hankali saki tushen daga ƙasa;
- a hankali duba tushen ga lalacewa, naman gwari, cutar ko cutar lalata. Marasa lafiya, bushe, wuraren da aka shafa sun cire;
- yanke geranium tushen cikin sassa da yawa don haka kowanensu yana da akalla daya batun ci gaba (matasa bud);
- A kan gado mai shiri, wajibi ne don tono kananan ramuka (girman su ya dogara da ƙarar tushen tushen tushen), don cika kowane rami tare da dintsi na peat da takin;
- shigar da ɓangarori na asalinsu a cikin rami kuma ku cika nauyin tare da sauran ƙasa, ku danna shafin tare da dabino ku kuma zuba da ruwa mai dumi.
Yadda za'a kula da shuka bayan dasa shuki
Tsarin tsire-tsire masu kyau - jingina na ci gaba mai kyau da kuma flowering, da kuma samuwar juriya ga cutar, don haka la'akari da yadda za'a kula da geraniums da kyau a cikin ƙasa. Watayar geraniums an bada shawarar da za a gyara shi ko kuma yafa masa.
A cikin akwati na farko, ana gudanar da ruwa da hannu ta hanyar gabatar da ruwa a karkashin tushen. Yayyafa ya shafi yin amfani da ƙananan naurori don ƙaddamar da ƙananan droplets wanda yayi simintin hasara na hazo. Wajibi ne a shayar da furanni a matsayin mai tsintsa a cikin mako guda 1-2, idan ba'a sami hazo.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ruwan sama yana da nauyi da yawa - Ba a ba da shawarar yin amfani da shuka ba a shayar da shi, don haka kada ya tsokana ci gaban rot a kan asalinsu.
Don ciyarwa na farko da geranium, duk wani maganin gina jiki don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da ke dauke da adadin phosphorus zaiyi. An gabatar da kayan ado mai kama da wannan kafin flowering don tayar da samuwar babban adadin buds. Gabatarwar maganin gina jiki wanda aka gudanar bisa ga umarnin kan kunshin. Yayin da aka samu jigilar cututtuka an bada shawarar yin matakan kariya don shuke-shuke da tsire-tsire bisa ga umarnin.
Kwayoyin cuta da cututtuka
Geraniums na waje sun fi fama da cututtukan cututtuka da karin kwari fiye da houseplant, don haka la'akari da yiwuwar hana shan kashi na flower, da yadda za a yi.
Kwayoyin geranium na yau da kullum sun hada da:
- powdery mildew - cututtukan fungal, wanda ke nuna kanta a cikin nau'i na fari a kan bishiyoyi, a tsawon lokaci, yana shafe dukan ɓangaren sashin shuka. Cigaban ci gaba na matsala yana faruwa tare da zafi mai tsawo na ƙasa da iska, tare da yawan zafin jiki. Jiyya na cutar ya auku ta hanyar maganin shuka tare da colloidal sulfur ko jan karfe sulfate bisa ga umarnin. Zai yiwu ya hana cutar ta hanyar aiwatar da matakan da suka dace don tabbatar da sharuɗɗa don shayarwa, kaucewa sharan gona daga shafin;
- tushen rot - Cutar cutar da ke shafar tushen tsarin. Babban alamun lahani suna rawaya da launi da kuma wilting. White scurf ya bayyana a kan mai tushe, wanda da daɗewa duhu, da shuka ya mutu. Kwayar cututtuka na tushen sau da yawa ya kasa kiyaye kariya, yawanci yakan kasance akan rigakafi. Tsarin kariya ya kamata ya kunshi yin gyaran ƙasa a cikin gadon filawa, lura da tsarin rani, da kuma kula da injin tare da Fundazol bisa ga umarnin;
- black leg - Cutar cutar da ke shafar tsire-tsire a tushen. Haka kuma cutar tasowa saboda rashin talauci a cikin ƙasa, mai yawa watering da sanyi yanayin zafi. Ba zai yiwu a warkar da tsire-tsire ba, amma zai yiwu a yanke matakai masu kyau don dacewa da su. Don rigakafin cututtukan cuta sun bi shawarwari don ban ruwa, a kai a kai suna gudanar da noma daga ƙasa, girma geraniums a ƙasa mai haske;
- kwayan cuta - Cutar da kwayar cuta ta cutar da kwayar cuta ce wadda ta shafe shafuka ta ganye (an rufe su da bushe-bushe kuma sun zama maras kyau). Kwayoyin cuta ba shi da inganci, amma matakan tsaro suna da tasiri mai kyau: kiyaye ka'idojin tsaro a lokacin dasa (ta amfani da kayan aiki masu tsafta), halakar tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire da kuma kula da kwaro.
Daga cikin kwari da za su iya harba geranium, emit:
- ticks - ƙananan kwari da ke kai hari kan ƙasa na shuka, tsotsa ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ganye da kuma mai tushe. Geranium ya fita a lokacin da aka haye shi da kananan baki dige, fara curl da wither. Wajibi ne don yaki da kwaro tare da shirye-shirye "Fitoverm", "Aktellik" bisa ga umarnin;
- thrips - ƙananan kwari masu tsayi tare da jiki mai tsawo, wanda aikinsa mai muhimmanci ya haifar da lalacewar ƙasa na shuka. Girma suna fitowa a baya na zanen gado, da gefuna na furanni juya launin ruwan kasa. Dole ne a magance thrips ya kamata a gudanar da "Konfidor" ko "Fitoverm" bisa ga umarnin;
- aphid - ƙananan ƙwayoyin kwari da suke haifar da launin yellowing da karkatacciyar launin launi. Don halakar da kwari, dole ne a cire kayan da ya fi shafa a jikin su tare da yankunan aphids. Sada shuka tare da Iskra ko Aktellik bisa ga umarnin;
- mealybug - Kwayar ƙananan ƙwayar da aka rufe ta wani abu mai dadi mai kama da auduga. Ana gudanar da tsarin kwaro da Aktellk da Aktara shirye-shirye bisa ga umarnin.
Saboda haka, dasa shuki geraniums za a iya aiwatar da shi a cikin tukunya ko bude ƙasa a hanyoyi daban-daban, fasali na saukowa da lokaci na hanya ya bambanta dangane da hanyar. Domin ci gaba da tsire-tsire mai karfi da tsire-tsire, dole ne a bi dukkan shawarwarin don kulawa da dacewa da lokaci tare da cututtuka da kwari.
