Samar da furanni a gonar gonarmu, ba muyi tunani game da asalin su ba. Ga mu, babban abu shine yadda suka hada da kyakkyawan shafinmu. Duk da haka, yana da mahimmanci don sanin ƙarin game da su, domin zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da kulawa da su. Ɗaya daga cikin wadannan tsire-tsire da suka dauki tushe a cikin sauyin yanayi shine titonia. A cikin wannan labarin za mu gaya maka inda ta fito, yadda za'a kula da ita, da kuma matsalolin da za a iya fuskanta a cikin ci gaba.
Bayanan Botanical
Tithonia wakili ne na iyalin Astrov. Ƙananan shrubs suna janyo hankali ga masu shuka flower flower, amma har yanzu ba ta sami karbuwa a yankunanmu ba. Tsire-tsire ne nau'in herbaceous.
Mafi yawan yalwaci shine sunflower na Mexica, sunan sunan botanical wanda aka fassara a matsayin titony titoun (Tithonia rotundifolia). Wannan sunan yana barata ta hanyar bishiyoyi tare da ganye na siffar zagaye. 
Tithonia yana da manyan bishiyoyi da zasu iya kai har zuwa mita 2 da kuma mita 1.5. Lush siffar daji retains da ganye har sai da sanyi. An kafa kambi da manyan ganye na kayan launi mai launi. Ana sanya bishiyoyi a madaidaiciya a kan launin ja da suka ɓoye a ƙarƙashin lush greenery.
Mafi yawan harbe suna samar da kambi mai launi wanda aka samo furanni. Inflorescences Bloom ba kawai a saman peduncles, amma kuma a cikin leafils axils.
Shin kuna sani? Harshen Rasha sune sunflower sun tashi ne saboda iyawar kullun na shuka don juyawa zuwa rana. Wannan sabon abu yana da ilimin kimiyya heliotropism.
A cikin bayyanar, furanni suna kama da sunflower, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa ake kira shuka a matsayin "sunflower na Mexican". Duk da haka, wannan shine abinda ya hada da titony da sunflower. Kwayoyin suna da kyan gani, kuma gabobin suna da tsari daban-daban. 
Launi na flower zai iya bambanta daga rawaya zuwa m dangane da iri-iri. Yawan diamita zai iya kaiwa 8 cm, ko da yake wasu iri suna da furanni, diamita wanda ba ya zarce 5 cm. An kafa rawanin raga na titonium a jere guda ɗaya kuma suna da siffar da ya fi girma, yayin da kananan ƙananan suna tsaye da juna.
Halin siffofin da aka ba da izinin ba da dadewa ba kamar kamahlia. Launi na ƙwayoyin tubular ya bambanta da reed kuma yana da wata inuwa mai haske, wanda ya sa furen ya fi kyau da kyau. Tsunuka a titonia suna da babban tsari.
Mutane da yawa masu shuka sunyi ƙauna da wannan tsire-tsire saboda yanayin da yake ciki da tsawon lokaci. Titonia ta fara daga Yuni zuwa Oktoba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Rashin wuce haddi zai iya taimakawa wajen bunkasa greenery da rage yawan peduncles.
Rarraba da mazaunin
Homeland titonia - Mexico, inda ta zama tsire-tsire. A karo na farko da 'yan Espanya masu kwantar da hankali suka kawo wannan furanni zuwa ƙasashen Yurobawa, suna da mamakin kyawawan kayansu. 
Ya zama tartsatsi a Mexico, kudu maso yammacin Amurka da Amurka ta tsakiya. A cikin waɗannan yankunan, titonia yana da nau'in iri daban daban.
A gida, inda sauyin yanayi ya kasance na wurare masu zafi ko tsaka-tsalle, ana ganin furen yana da kyau. Duk da haka, a cikin yanayin yanayi na Turai, yawanci yakan girma kamar shuka na shekara-shekara. Idan kana so ka ji dadin su har tsawon shekaru, to, ya kamata ka ci gaba da zama a cikin tukunya.
Saboda haka, furen za ta ji dadin ku har tsawon shekaru kuma ba kawai a lokacin dumi ba, har ma a cikin hunturu, da kuma dacewa da ciki. Kuma tare da farkon lokuttan ruwan sanyi ana iya ɗauka a kan terrace kuma a watan Mayu yana jin dadin ƙanshi.
Popular irin titonia
Wannan fure tana da nau'in nau'i 10, amma a cikin latitudes ɗinmu akwai titin rarraba. Yawancin iri da aka sani da duniyar zamani suna shayar da shayarwa daga wannan nau'in shuka.
Shin kuna sani? An ba da sunan furen ban mamaki kuma mai ban sha'awa a bayan dan sarki Troy - Tithon, wanda ya fi so da allahn alfijir na Eos.Mafi yawan irin titonia shine:
- "Red Lantern" - yana da matukar shahararrun kuma yana da mai girma, wanda tsayinsa zai kai mita 1.5. An rufe shi da yawa manyan furanni tare da tubali-terracotta ko haske orange launi. Halin siffar furen kamannin kamala ne, amma yafi girma fiye da shi;
- "Fitilar" - wannan nau'i na titonia ya sami sunan saboda launin fure-fure. Yaji yana cike da mita daya da rabi. Idan ka dubi tsire-tsire daga nesa, ana ganin yana ƙonewa;
- Jagoran ruwan gobara - Ba kamar sauran nau'o'in da suka gabata ba, daji ya tashi kawai 1.20 m daga ƙasa, furanni kuma sune rawaya kuma karami;
- "Fiesta del Sol" - Sunan wannan takaddamar a cikin fassarar daga Mutanen Espanya yana nufin "maraice maraice". A bushes ba su wuce 50 cm kuma suna rufe kananan furanni na orange inuwa;
- Titonia "Iliad" - tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire tare da tsirrai mai tsayi, ya kai har 1 m. Ganye suna da siffar zuciya, kuma kwandunan kwalliya kamar kwakwalwa ba tare da biyu ba. A diamita na inflorescence ya kai 5-6 cm. Man fetur da yawa suna da haske mai launi, da kuma tubular - inuwa mai launin orange-yellow. Yana son idon duk lokacin rani don yawan launuka. Ana iya amfani dashi a matsayin fure mai girma dabam ko a matsayin ƙungiya;
- Titonia "Odyssey" - kama da titonia "Iliad", amma bishiyoyinta ba su wuce 70 cm ba.
Yi amfani da zane-zane
Dangane da tsawon flowering, launuka mai haske da kuma sauƙi na kulawa, titonia ya cancanci dauka a wuri mai faɗi. Samun hoto mai haske, ya bambanta sosai da bango da tsire-tsire masu tsallewa kuma yana tsaye a kan bango na lawn ko rufin gida.
Amfani da shi, zaka iya taimakawa da kyau na lambun ka, kuma, mafi mahimmanci, zai tashi sama da maƙwabta.
Kila za ku kasance da amfani don koyon yadda za ku shirya gonar gaba da hannuwanku.
Tare da taimakon titonia, zaka iya rarraba ko yi ado da tushe na bango ko shinge. Wasu masu shuka suna rufe takin takalma ko hatches. Har ila yau, titonia yana cike da hanyoyi a cikin yankinku kuma zai yi kyau ko da a cikin tukunya don yin ado da wuraren shakatawa, kayan gargajiya ko terrace.
Yin amfani da wannan fure a cikin zane na shafin zai ba da izini ba kawai don jin dadin shuka mai kyau tare da furanni mai haske ba, har ma da shafuka masu launin fata, wanda ya janyo hankalinta da bayyanarsa. 
Idan kun yi amfani da kayan haɗi don ƙirƙirar fure a cikin gadaje masu flower, ya kamata ku la'akari da haɗin da wasu tsire-tsire. Yana kama da marigolds, sage, lupine, cornwood, cochia da vervain.
Girma a gida
Wannan inji shine mafi kyaun mafi kyau ga masu ƙwayar kofi ko waɗanda basu da lokaci mai yawa don kula da gonar furen. A cikin kula da titonium unpretentious, amma har yanzu suna da daraja kulawa na musamman ga yanayin da ake noma.
Yanayin tsarewa
Titonia, yana fitowa daga yanayi mai zurfi, yanayi na wurare masu zafi, musamman yana son rana. Mafi mahimmanci shine furanni da suke girma a yankin da aka rufe da hasken rana, kuma har ma da zafi mai zafi bazai dame shi da ci gaban wannan shuka ba. Dangane da wannan yanayin, yana da daraja dasa titonium a cikin gadon filawa da kyau da rana.
Har ila yau, titonia, tsire-tsire masu ƙaunar sun hada da: verbascum, veronica, gaillardia, carnation da delphinium, wanda yawancin hasken rana ke haifar da kyakkyawan yanayi don ci gaba.
Ƙungiyar sojan Mexico ba ta son zane, don haka kada ku dasa ta a kan shafin da iska take tafiya. Zai fi kyau samun wuri a kusa da bango ko shinge, to, zai yi girma ba tare da jin tsoron wani abu ba, yayin da yake murna da kyawawan furanni. 
Sau da yawa, an kira titonia flower ga marasa lafiya, saboda yana bukatar kulawa kadan. Duk da haka, fure ba ya jure wa yanayin sanyi da ruwan sama. A irin waɗannan yanayi, ya yi girma a hankali kuma yana iya ma ba ta yi fure ba. Saboda haka, lokacin da dasa shuki ya kamata la'akari irin wannan fasalin.
Kasar gona da taki
Don yin furanni a kai a kai da kuma farin ciki tare da furanni iri-iri, ya kamata ku kula da ƙasa sosai. Kyau mafi kyau shine gina jiki mai dacewa wanda zai iya friable ƙasa, wanda zai zama mai kyau malalewa.
Duk da haka, idan ka dasa tamanin a cikin ƙasa bakarare, zaka iya girma da shuka mai kyau da ciyarwa akai-akai. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ka yi ma'adinai mai mahimmanci ko taki taki sau ɗaya kowace mako uku.
Don wadatar da ƙasa da kuma ciyar da tsire-tsire, yi amfani da takin gargajiya: bambaro, labaran tattabara, lambun kaza, da nama, dawaki, dankali, da takin, da ƙwaiye, da ƙura mai ƙanshi.
Lokacin da na farko ganye ya bayyana, yana da muhimmanci don takin kasar gona kewaye da titony tare da mullein. A lokacin budding a cikin ƙasa yana da kyau a ƙara ash. Har yanzu ana amfani da takin mai magani a lokacin aiki na furanni. Don wannan shi ne mafi alhẽri a yi amfani da ma'adinai mai mahimmanci taki ko mullein. 
Zai fi kyau a rufe ƙasa a kusa da shrub tare da launi na ciyawa wanda ya kunshi ciyawa, humus ko takin. Saboda haka, danshi za ta ƙare da sannu a hankali, kuma shuka za ta sami ƙarin ciyarwa.
Watering da danshi
Kamar kowane yanayi na wurare masu zafi, titonia yana jure wa gajeren lokacin fari. Kuma watering ne mafi alhẽri don tabbatar da shi ne kadan. Amma kuma ba a shuka tsire-tsire ba, yana haifar da matsanancin ruwa da lalata tushen tsarin kuma ya kara mutuwa.
Yi amfani da kwarewa da amfani da amfani da ruwa mai ban sha'awa, da kuma yadda za a tsara tsarin rassan ruwa a cikin dacha.
Tsarin iska na iska mai sauƙi yana canjawa sosai, amma ana iya samo shi daga lokaci mai laushi. Wannan zai kawo turɓaya daga cikin ganyayyaki kuma zai zama kariya mai kyau na aphids. Har ila yau, a lokacin da aka samu buds da furanni, za ku iya yin furucin maganin ma'adinai, wanda zai tasiri sosai ga girman inflorescences da launi. 
Kiwo
Tithonia yana ƙaruwa tare da taimakon tsaba, daga abin da tsirrai suka fara girma, kuma lokacin da ya karu, za ku iya dasa shi a ƙasa. A ƙarshen Maris - Afrilu na farko, fara dasa tsaba a cikin tukunya na ƙasa mai kyau. Tsaba suna da siffar elongated, babban girman (kimanin 1 cm) da kuma mai tsabta. A lokacin da saukowa tsakanin su kiyaye nesa na 10-15 cm.
Kwayoyin sun zurfafa dan kadan a ƙasa, kuma an yi amfani da karamin Layer na duniya a saman. Ruwa tare da tsirrai da aka sanya a duniyar rana, inda za ka iya ajiye yawan zafin jiki a + 18 digiri. Tsuntsaye da ake shayar da su lokaci-lokaci, yayin da ba su bar ƙasa ta bushe ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan kun jiji da tsaba a cikin jika don 3-4 days, to, titonium ke tsiro mafi kyau da sauri.
Seedlings sprout a ko'ina, kuma bayan bayyanar da dama ganye, za a iya transplanted a cikin tukwane daban-daban. Irin wannan dashi zai ba da izinin daidaitawa da takaddama zuwa ƙananan sauƙi a cikin zafin jiki. Zai fi kyau shuka shi a cikin ƙasa mai zurfi kafin lokacin budding, wato a karshen Mayu. 
Lokacin dasa shuki titonia, idan yana da wani ɓangare na abun da ke ciki ko ado na shinge, yana da muhimmanci don kula da nisa na 50 cm ko fiye tsakanin seedlings. Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a tsawon lokaci zai yi girma da kuma zama dukkan sararin samaniya. Ƙasa kafin a dasa shuki dole ne a sassauta da kuma takin takin, kuma kada ka manta game da malalewa.
Abota da zafin jiki
Wannan flower yana son dumi, kuma wani lokacin har ma da yanayin zafi, saboda haka yawan zazzabi ya kamata ya isa. Saboda haka, wuri mafi kyau ga titonia shine rana.
A gida a cikin yanayi mai zafi da kuma yanayin ƙasa, zai iya amincewa da yanayin hunturu. Duk da haka, a cikin latitudes, hunturu sanyi na iya zama m. A wannan, tsire-tsire ne sau ɗaya shekara. A cikin yankunan da hunturu ke da zafi sosai kuma babu sanyi mai sanyi, titonia zai iya shayewa, yayin da ba a rufe shi ba don lokacin hunturu.
Bugu da ƙari, titonia, tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire ma sune: lilac, farin deren, barberry, dutse ash, viburnum da daji.
Matsalolin da suka yiwu a girma
Domin titonium ba shuka kanta ba, dole ne a yanke cututtukan da suka riga sun ɓace. Girbi kayan aikin dasa zai fara a ƙarshen Satumba ko Oktoba. A wannan lokaci, a hankali ka yanke shugabannin buds don kada ka watsa tsaba. 
Kwalaye da tsaba da aka shimfiɗa a kan shimfidar wuri kuma suna ba su zarafi su bushe. Ana tattara tsaba da aka rurrushe a cikin akwati rag ko akwatin takarda, kuma ta haka aka adana har sai bazara.
Yana da muhimmanci! Mafi kyaun wurin kiwo matasa seedlings na titonia ne greenhouse ko greenhouse, kamar yadda suke iya haifar da yanayi mafi kyau ga germination na matasa da kuma m seedlings.
Titonia ba ta bukatar garter. Duk da haka, idan yayi girma kamar fure guda, to, ya fi dacewa a ɗaure shi. Wannan zai kare tsire-tsire daga tsutsa. 
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
Tithonia yana da kariya mai kyau ga cututtuka daban-daban da kuma ciwo. Duk da haka, wasu kwari suna iya cutar da su. Alal misali, a cikin yanayi mai sanyi, slugs suna cike da ganye.
Wani haɗari na titony shi ne aphid, wanda, a kan bayan bayanan ganye, sannu-sannu ya sa duk tsami mai mahimmanci daga shuka. Rabu da makwabtan da ba'a so ba zasu taimakawa kayan ado, wanda ya hada da tafarnuwa, wormwood, barkono barkono, taba, Pine needles da albasa. Za a iya amfani da mafita na musamman, ciki har da sabulu. 
Rashin ruwa mai yawan gaske yana taimakawa wajen samuwar rot, wanda zai iya buga inflorescences. Idan ana samo furen magunguna ko buds, dole ne a cire su nan da nan. In ba haka ba, cutar za ta ci gaba da sauri kuma zata kai ga mutuwar shuka.
Tinonia shine tsire-tsire wanda zai iya yin ado da kowane makirci, har ma mawallafi mai mahimmanci zai iya girma. Har ila yau, tare da taimakonsa za ka iya ƙirƙirar shinge ko kuma yi ado da karar da ba a nuna ba.
Tithonia ba zai faranta maka rai ba kawai tare da furanni masu yawa, amma har da kyakkyawan furanni, wanda yake janyo hankali. Ƙungiyar sunflower na Mexican tana zama tsire-tsire mai girma a cikin flowerbeds, kuma ya cancanci, saboda yana da kyau sosai.
