Shuka cucumbers ta hanyar shuka: ana samarwa har ma da sabon shiga

Kokwamba sune tsire-tsire masu ƙauna na zafi, amma suna girma kusan ko'ina cikin ƙasarmu. A mafi yawancin lokuta, ana shuka su tare da tsaba kai tsaye a gonar, amma don farkon samarwa ya shahara kuma farkon namo na seedlings a gida. Don yin wannan bashi da wuya, seedlings suna kan windowsill na kusan wata ɗaya, yanayin a cikin ɗakin birni yawanci ya dace da haɓakar sa.

Asa da shuka

Don shuka tsaba na cucumbers na tsire-tsire, dole ne kuyi shirye-shiryen da kansu da kansu, cakuda ƙasa da kwantena waɗanda tsire-tsire za su yi wata ɗaya a rayuwarsu. Amma ga kwantena, duk abin da ya bayyana a sarari: ba za ku iya shuka cucumbers a cikin kwalaye na kowa ba, ba sa yarda da ɗaukar cutar tare da keta tushen tsarin. Saboda haka, suna buƙatar ɗayan kofuna waɗanda Volumearar su ya kamata ya zama daga 300 zuwa 500 ml; Gaskiya ne, wasu yan lambu suna girma seedlings na cucumbers har ma a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙwai.

Duk da haka, don samun seedlings mai inganci, bai kamata a iyakance shi a cikin girman kofuna ba. Tsarin su ya zama irin su don ba da damar a fitar da ƙwayoyin cuta ba tare da lalata lakar ƙasa ba. Kofuna waɗanda za a iya amfani dasu tare da ƙananan farfadowa suna da yawa a wannan batun, amma sun dace - tukwane na peat waɗanda aka binne a gonar tare da duk abubuwan da ke ciki.

Kowane tsire-tsire yana da gilashin kansa

Haske, tsaka tsaki a cikin acidity, danshi- da ƙasa mai numfashi ana sanya su cikin tukwane. Tunda batun bazai kai saman miya ba a cikin wata daya, yakamata ƙasa ta ƙunshi isasshen adadin abubuwan gina jiki. Lokacin da girma dozin seedlings, yana da sauƙi a saya ƙasa da aka yi shirye a cikin shagon, amma ya kamata a tsara shi don cucumbers. Babu buƙatar yin rush zuwa zaɓuɓɓuka masu arha: rashin alheri, a cikin irin waɗannan kunshin su har yanzu suna sayar da ƙasa "daga shinge". Ilasa daga masana'anta mai mahimmanci ba a buƙatar yin shiri bugu da additionari.

Game da shirya kai-da-ruwan cakuda abinci, mafi kyawun zaɓi shine ƙasar turmi, takin mai kyau, peat da yashi (rabo 2: 2: 1: 1). Tabbas, akwai zaɓuɓɓuka: koyaushe ba a cikin gona ba akwai duk abin da kuke buƙata. Hakanan ana amfani da Sawdust azaman kayan cakuda, an maye gurbin yashi da vermiculite, da dai sauransu takin mai kyau ko humus suna da takin mai magani, amma idan ba za'a iya samun waɗannan kayan haɗin ba, kowane ƙasa ya kamata a yayyafa shi da itacen ash (gilashin akan guga na ƙasa) kuma ƙara kimanin 50 g azofoski.

Idan an ɗauki ƙasa kai tsaye a gonar, dole ne a lalata ƙasa. Hanya mafi sauki ita ce a ba da gudummawar ruwan hoda a cikin sati biyu kafin a shuka iri. Idan ba zato ba tsammani, ba za ku iya maye gurbin sulfate jan karfe ba. Bayan bushewa zuwa yanayin aiki mai ƙoshin lafiya, ana zubar da ƙasa a cikin kofuna, an sanya shi a ƙasa na santimita na santimita na magudanar ruwa, kuma an ba shi izinin shirya kwana ɗaya.

Kwanakun dasa shuki don shuka seedlings

Lissafin ingantaccen lokacin shuka tsaba a cikin kofuna waɗanda suke da sauqi, amma ba shi yiwuwa a ba da takamaiman shawarwarin. Daga lokacin shuka iri har sai an dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa, ya kamata kwanaki 30-35 su wuce. Kuma a sa'an nan shi duka ya dogara da irin yanayin yanayin da muke magana a kan da kuma inda za su girma cucumbers: a cikin greenhouse ko a cikin ƙasa mara kariya.

Idan muna magana game da layin tsakiya kuma la'akari da dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa mara buɗe, to, ba tare da tsoro ba za ku iya yin wannan kawai a farkon lokacin rani. Don haka, ya kamata a shuka tsaba a ƙarshen Afrilu. Idan ana sa ran mafakar fim na ɗan lokaci, za a iya canza komai don 'yan makwanni kaɗan sannan su shuka iri a tsakiyar watan Afrilu. Da kyau, idan akwai kyakkyawan greenhouse, zai yuwu a dasa shuki a ciki tuni a farkon watan Mayu, wanda ke nufin cewa 'yan seedlings suna farawa game da 1 ga Afrilu.

A mafi yawan yankuna na arewacin ko Kudancin, sharuɗɗan, bi da bi, ana karkatar da su ta hanya ɗaya ko wata. Amma a kudu, seedlings na cucumbers suna girma ne kawai don farkon amfani da samfurori: don cin cucumbers a lokuta na yau da kullun, ba su da wata shakka a cikin gado na tsaba.

Yaushe za ku dasa shuki don amfanin gona a shekarar 2019 bisa ga kalandar watannin

Yawancin lambu suna bincika kwanakin gidansu na bazara tare da matakan motsi na jikin samaniya. Tun kusan 1990, yawancin jaridu da mujallu, da kuma hanyoyin yanar gizo daga baya, sun buga kalandar watannin da yawa waɗanda suka jera ranakun dacewa da haramun game da wannan ko kuma suke aiki tare da takamaiman lambu ko al'adun lambu. Matsalar ita ce waɗannan kwanakin sun bambanta sosai tsakanin bugu daban-daban. Sabili da haka, dole ne ku bincika hanyoyin da yawa kuma ku yanke wa kanku wasu yanke shawara da suka dace.

Misali, majiyoyi da yawa suna alakanta 18 ga Mayu, 21, 22, 23, 26, 27, 28, da 31 a matsayin ranakun da suka dace da dasa shuki a shekarar 2019.

Idan har yanzu kuna son danganta shuka tare da matakai na wata, ya kamata ku san cewa ana shawarar shukar cucumbersanyen cucumbers a lokacin wata, wanda yake kusa da kwanakin sabuwar wata. An yi imanin cewa a cikin irin waɗannan lokuta, ana kunna ayyukan haɓakar albarkatu da yawa, wanda yake da kyau ga ƙwaya biyu da girman amfanin gona a nan gaba.

Girma kokwamba seedlings

Tunda a yawancin nau'ikan zamani da kuma hybrids na farkon cucumbers sun girma 33-38 kwanaki bayan fitowan, ana buƙatar tunanin girma seedlings yawanci. Amma idan kuna son murƙushe samfuranku da wuri-wuri, aƙalla fewan bushes na seedlings za a shirya ta mazaunin rani.

Ba kamar, alal misali, ƙwayar kabeji, wanda ke buƙatar ɗakuna masu sanyi don haɓaka, kokwamba yana jin daɗin zafin jiki ɗaya kamar mutum, don haka za'a iya shirya seedlings a gida. Amma idan akwai greenhouse ko hotbed kusa, wanda akwai isa yau da kullun, lambu sun fi son shuka seedlings a cikinsu.

Muna ɗauka cewa muna rayuwa nesa da ɗan ɗakin gida, muna ziyartarsa ne kawai a karshen mako, sabili da haka zamu dasa dozin bushes a cikin gidan gari. Wajibi ne a haskaka wannan don mafi sill taga sill.

Ana shirya tsaba don shuka

An yi sa'a, tsaba kokwamba ba sa buƙatar sayo kowace shekara: suna riƙe ƙarfin germination na shekaru 7-8. Haka kuma, 'Ya'yan sabo suna da lahani fiye da waɗanda ke yin shekaru biyu ko uku: suna da ƙarin' 'furanni fanko' '. Mafi kyawun tsaba a cikin shekaru 2-4. Gaskiya ne, dangin zamani ba zai zama daidai ba, amma wannan wani labarin ne mai rikitarwa, kamar labarin yadda ɗaruruwan ɗarurruwan da ɗari suka bayyana kwatsam akan shelves. Shin da gaske sun banbanta da juna?

Sabili da haka, mazauna bazara na yanzu sun kasu kashi biyu. Wasu mutane sunyi imani da cewa hybrids (F1) sun fi kyau sau da yawa kuma dasa su kawai, kowace shekara suna gwada nau'o'in sababbin samfurori. Wasu, daga shekara zuwa shekara, tsufa, tabbatar da iri da kuma adana ire-irensu daga gare su, zaɓi don wannan dalili dole ne tetrahedral maimakon tsirrai na tsirrai na trihedral (ee, idan kun duba sosai, cucumbersanyen cucumbers cikakke ne ba cylindrical!). Wanne daga cikin mazaunin bazara ya dace? Da alama gaskiya ta kasance a tsakani. A bayyane yake cewa ana sayar da yawancin ƙwayoyin matasan a shirye don shuka, kuma dole ne ku ɗanɗana kaɗan tare da kanku.

Dukkanin jerin matakan tsaran iri suna kama da wannan (amma ba dukkansu ake buƙata ba):

Sifantawa Za'a iya yin wannan da hannu: ofan itacen da kokwamba suna da yawa, kuma mafi yawan masu rauni suna iya yankewa cikin sauƙi tare da yatsunsu. Zai fi sauƙi don tsoma tsaba a cikin maganin maganin sodium chloride (rabin tablespoon a gilashin ruwa), girgiza kuma jira minti 3-5. Mafi rauni zai tashi, ya kamata su ba za a shuka ba.
Abubuwan da ke cikin cucumbers suna da girma, zaka iya taɓa kowane iri daban daban
Warming sama. Idan yanzu kun sayi sabbin tsaba a hannuwanku (ko ba a san asalinsu ba), kafin shuka ya kamata a riƙe su na 'yan kwanaki ta batir ɗin dumama, wanda ke rage yawan furanni na namiji akan su babu' ya'yan itatuwa.
Rashin kamuwa da cuta. Ga tsaba na kamfanoni masu aminci waɗanda aka saya a cikin wani kanti na musamman, wannan aikin ba na tilas ne ba. Riƙe tsaba ko daga maƙwabta na mintina 15-20 a cikin ingantaccen bayani na potassiumgangan. Bayan wannan aikin, kurkura tsaba da ruwa mai tsabta.
Maganin mai karfi na daskararren potassium, kusan kashi 1%, ana buqatar iri iri
Soaking a cikin hanyoyin samar da taki ko abubuwan kara kuzari. Ba tsari ne na wajibi ba, amma wasu masoya suna amfani da magunguna daban-daban don wannan. Mafi na halitta - ash jiko ko ruwan 'ya'yan itace agave, dilice sau 5 tare da ruwa.
Epin da Zircon - ɗayan mafi dacewa wajan amfani da shi
Kumburi cikin ruwa. Ko da waɗannan ƙwayoyin waɗanda ba a sarrafa su ta kowace hanya, yawancin lambu suna ƙoƙarin jiƙa aƙalla har sai kumburi kafin shuka. Ana kiyaye tsaba a cikin ruwan dumi na tsawon awanni 24 (daga 20 zuwa 30 ^{game da}C), bayan abin da suke dan kadan bushe saboda haka suna iya crumble a lokacin shuka. Wannan ma'aunin na iya hanzarta fitar da shuka sai dai kwana guda, saboda haka shima yana da matukar rikitarwa kamar yadda ya zama dole.
Wuya. Amma wannan mai hankali ne. Kodayake yawancin masana kimiyya ba tare da daidaituwa a cikin wannan batun ba, yin imani da cewa hargitsi tsaba zuwa tauraron tsirrai da kansu kusan ba shi da mahimmanci. Ba shi da ma'ana a shuka tsaba a cikin greenhouse, amma wannan aiki ya shahara ga bude ƙasa. Wuya a yanayin saukan kokwamba tsaba ne da za'ayi ta ajiye soaked tsaba a cikin rigar zane a cikin firiji na 24 hours.
Fasaha. Ana yin wannan mafi yawan lokuta a cikin rigar rigar har sai bayyanar asalin tushe - rabin tsawon zuriyar. Gaskiya ne, ƙwayar da aka shuka sun yi wahalar shuka, amma 'yan kwanaki sai an ci nasara.
Wani lokacin har ana kawo batun har zuwa bayyanar ganye, amma zai zama da matukar wahala a shuka irin waɗannan ƙwayoyin

Shin yana yiwuwa ba a yin komai daga jerin abubuwan da ke sama? Zaku iya, tsaba zasu yi toho su bushe, ba da jimawa ba. Saboda haka, kuna buƙatar zaɓar waɗancan matakan waɗanda suke da mahimmanci a cikin kowane takamaiman yanayi.

Shuka Shuka Tsaba

Shuka tsaba na cucumbers a cikin kofuna waɗanda tare da cakuda ƙasa an zuba a cikinsu ba wuya.

Sun sanya tsaba 1-2 a saman ƙasa wanda aka zubar da ruwa (nawa ne ba abin tausayi ba: bayan duk, sauran tsaba yanzu ana sayar da su daban-daban!).
Ana shuka tsaba masu tsada ɗaya a lokaci guda: mafi kusantar juna, suna da kyawawan germination
Sun faɗi barci tare da yanki na ƙasa game da 1.5 cm lokacin farin ciki.
Fesa farfajiya daga ruwan kwalba da ruwa.
Mai aikin lambu koyaushe yana buƙatar samun bindiga mafi sauƙi a cikin gona
Sanya kofuna a cikin kowane kara dacewa, rufe da gilashi ko fim kuma canja wuri zuwa wuri mai ɗumi (da kyau tare da zazzabi na 25-28 ^{game da}C)
Gilashin zai haifar da sakamako na greenhouse kuma bazai ba da izinin ƙasa ta bushe ba.

Ana iya tsammanin fitowar tumatir a cikin kwanaki 4-8, dangane da ire-iren yanayin da yanayin. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan wannan, dole ne a cire mummunar tsire-tsire a hankali, kuma zai fi dacewa a yanka tare da almakashi.

Kula da seedlings na cucumbers

Kafin fitowar seedlings, ya zama dole don tabbatar da cewa ƙasa ba ta bushewa. Bude bude gilashin, dan kadan isar da albarkatun, kuma, idan ya cancanta, fesa daga bindigan da aka fesa. Mafi kyawun wurin seedlings na cucumbers shine taga mai cike da dumbin haske sill. Da zarar harbe sun bayyana, dole ne a cire gilashin, kuma zazzabi ya sami damar ragewa zuwa 18 ^{game da}C, da dare degreesan digiri kaɗan, don haka kiyaye shi tsawon kwana biyar. Wannan shi ne mafi wuya: a wannan lokacin, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya rigaya ya fara ɗumi, amma idan ba ku sami irin waɗannan yanayin ba, tsire-tsire za su shimfiɗa kuma zai yi rauni sosai.

Bayan haka, mafi yawan zafin jiki na kimanin shine 24 ^{game da}Farin ciki da 18 ^{game da}Da Dare. Kuma - ƙarin haske. Idan rana ba ta isa ba, haskakawa ta wajibi tare da fitilun fitila ko fitilun diode. Kokwamba a kan windowsill bukatar dakin, bushes bai taba juna, don haka da tabarau bukatar a koma baya daga lokaci zuwa lokaci. Sauran suna cikin kulawa da seedlings - amma ga kowane tsirrai na kayan lambu.

Lokacin da windowsills sun ƙare, allunan an tilasta su su shuka, amma a nan ba za ku iya yi ba tare da yin walƙiya ba

Watering seedlings bayan fitowan

Watering kokwamba seedlings kawai da ruwa mai dumi (kimanin 25 ° C). A wannan yanayin, yakamata ƙasa ta kasance da ɗanɗana: kowane ɓarna na ruwa mai yawa, musamman idan rashin isasshen zafi, tabbas zai haifar da lalata tushen tsarin. Mitar ban ruwa ya dogara da yanayin ƙasa da yanayin zafin jiki, amma bai kamata a yi wannan yau da kullun ba.

Bayan an yi ruwa, kwararrun 'yan lambu koyaushe suna bushe, yashi mai tsabta kusa da asalinsu. Ba ya buƙatar da yawa, kawai yanki na milimita: yashi, kamar, yana yin aikin ciyawa, kuma a lokaci guda yana hana lalacewar ɓangaren ƙananan tushe.

Manyan miya

Sau da yawa lokacin da girma kokwamba seedlings yi ba tare da ciyar. Idan aka cakuda cakuda ƙasa daidai, cucumbers ba su da abubuwan gina jiki har zuwa dasa a cikin ƙasa. Ana buƙatar suturar miya kawai idan seedlingsan itacen sun daina girma, ganyayyaki sun sami launi mara launi, da dai sauransu, wannan na iya zama saboda cututtuka (akasari daga keta ruwa da yanayin zafin jiki), amma, wataƙila, abinci ya ƙone.

A mafi yawan lokuta, ya isa ya zuba cucumbers tare da jiko ash. Idan babu toka, yi amfani da cikakken takin ma'adinai (zai fi dacewa da samfurin alama na boron). Zai fi kyau amfani da amfani da kayan shafawa na foliar. Don yin wannan, fesa ganyen seedlings tare da raunin bayani na kowane takin ƙasa mai rikitarwa (kamar yadda aka rubuta akan kunshin). A lokaci guda, dole ne a kula da maida hankali kan mafita don kada ƙona ganye. Bayan kowane riguna na sama, ana shayar da tsire-tsire masu kyau, ba a manta da ƙara yashi ba bayan hakan.

Babu wani wuri da za a ɗauka ash a cikin wani gida na birni, don haka ya cancanci a adana shi tun daga lokacin cin abinci na gaba tun kaka

Shin zai yuwu a daskarar da kokwamba seedlings

Ana ɗaukar seedlingsan kokwamba a cikin kyakkyawan yanayin (tare da yaɗa tushen tsakiyar) ba a yarda dashi ba. Amma wani lokacin har yanzu kuna buƙatar dasa bishiyoyin a cikin wani akwati. Za'a iya yin wannan a farkon lokacin da aka yanke ganye na gaskiya na fari. Irin wannan buƙatar na iya tashi a yanayi:

kuma kananan kwantena da aka dauka yayin shuka;
tsire-tsire masu matukar elongated;
yaduwar shuka saboda ƙayyadadden iri iri lokacin shuka;
cututtuka na seedlings.

A cikin lokuta uku na farko, ana aiwatar da dasawa ta hanyar hanyar isar da sako: bayan kyakkyawar shayar da shuka, an ba da izinin ƙasa ta bushe don ƙasa ta dunƙule "ta kame", kuma an kwashe duk abubuwan da ke cikin kofin zuwa tukunya mafi girma, yana ƙara ƙasa. Tunda kusan babu tushen abin da zai shafa, yuwuwar samun nasara ya yi yawa; wani lokacin cucumbers ba sa hana ci gaba. Tare da irin wannan juyawa, yana yiwuwa a ɗan zurfafa zurfin seedlings (musamman idan an faɗaɗa shi) ta hanyar sanya shi a cikin ƙasa tare da ganyayyaki cotyledonous. Tabbas, bayan dasawa, dole ne a shayar da shi sosai kuma a canza shi zuwa faɗuwar rana na 'yan kwanaki.

Game da cutar, wataƙila ƙasar za ta kamu da cutar, don haka dole ne a sake dasa tsire-tsire kusan ba tare da ƙurar turɓaya ba, kuma da alama komai zai tafi lafiya. Amma yawancin lambu suna ƙoƙarin ajiye seedlings ta wannan hanyar. Bayan an sha ruwa, an cire shi a hankali tare da kofin tare da ƙarancin ƙasa, amma ƙoƙarin kiyaye tushen gwargwadon yiwuwa. Don irin waɗannan seedlings, ana buƙatar kulawa sosai sosai. A karo na farko, an sanya shi ba kawai a inuwa m ba, har ma ƙara ƙara zafin jiki. Idan komai ya tafi daidai, bayan sati daya da seedlings suka koma yanayin al'ada.

Dasa kokwamba seedlings a cikin ƙasa bude

Seedlings na cucumbers a gida bai fi wata daya ba. Daga wannan lokacin, 'yan kwanakin farko ana sa shi a ƙarancin zafin jiki, sannan a cikin yanayi mai daɗi, kuma a cikin makon da ya gabata sun fara shigar da kansu ga yanayin rayuwa a cikin ƙasa mai buɗewa. Don yin wannan, an fara ɗaukar tsire-tsire zuwa baranda na mintina 15-20, to, a hankali lokutan tafiya yana ƙaruwa.Amma zazzabi kada ya yi ƙasa da ƙasa, 10-12 ^{game da}Farin ciki tuni damuwa. A lokacin dasa shuki a gonar, ya kamata seedlings ya kasance a kan baranda har zuwa rabin lokacin rana.

Kyakkyawan seedlings na cucumbers, shirye don dasawa a gonar, yakamata ya sami akalla manyan ganyayyaki kore duhu uku masu ƙarfi, amma ɗan gajere. Yana da kyau idan an riga an baiyana alkalami a kansa (wanda, hakika, baya faruwa tare da ganyayyaki uku), da eriya. Amma ba a son buɗe furanni a gida.

Kafin dasawa cikin ƙasa, ana shayar da tsire-tsire masu kyau. An ba da tsarin saukowa daban-daban, ya dogara da iri-iri, amma ya yi ƙasa mai ba da haske. Mafi sau da yawa, ana shuka cucumbers a cikin hanya ta yau da kullun, barin 40-50 cm tsakanin layuka, da kuma 25-30 cm tsakanin tsire-tsire a jere .. dasa denser ba koyaushe yana haifar da karuwa a yawan amfanin ƙasa, kuma akasin haka. Ta halitta, ya kamata gado a shirye kafin dasa: yana da kyau da takin mai magani, da farko Organic.

Lokaci don dasa shuki kokwamba a cikin ƙasa yana ƙaddara ba sosai ta takamaiman kwanan wata kamar yadda yanayin yanayin yake ciki ba, kuma ana sake saita seedlings a cikin lambu ba tare da tsari a tsakiyar layi ba a farkon farkon bazara. Suna ƙoƙarin shirya saukowa ranar girgije. Juyin halitta mai sauki ne:

Kafin dasa, sassauta gado kuma da matakin kasar gona da rake.
Kafin matakin qarshe, za a iya yayyafa gado tare da ash
A wuraren da aka tsara bisa ga tsarin da aka zaɓa, sun tona rami tare da diba mai zurfi fiye da girman kofuna waɗanda ke da ƙwayar shuka.
A matsayin alkinta na gida, ana ƙara rabin gilashin itace na itace da tablespoon na azofoska a kowane rijiya, gauraye da kyau tare da ƙasa kuma ana zuba lita 1-2 na ruwa mai ɗumi.
Yawancin lokaci sukan haƙa rami tare da shebur don yin takin ƙasa
A hankali cire seedlings daga gilashin, runtse shi cikin rami. An binne tukwane na Peat tare da duk abubuwan da ke ciki. Wataƙila karamin zurfafa daga cikin seedlings, har zuwa cotyledonous ganye, amma a wannan yanayin suna ƙoƙarin sanya shi obliquely don kada su rufe tushen tsarin ma zurfi.
Lokacin da tsire-tsire masu kyau, ba a binne su.
Sanyaya dasa ruwa tare da ruwa mai ɗumi, ciyawa ƙasa tare da kowane kayan sako-sako, kuma idan yanayin bai dace da lokacin rani ba, rufe gado tare da spanbond ko lutrasil na ɗan lokaci.

Dasa bishiyar kokwamba a cikin greenhouse

Shirya gidan kore don dasa shuki ya fi wahalar shirya gadaje a buɗe, kuma yana iya haɗawa:

Rashin daidaituwa na greenhouse, da za'ayi a cikin fall. Idan babu cututtuka, ana shayar da ƙasa tare da bayani wanda aka shirya daga sulfate na jan ƙarfe da malathion (1 tablespoon da guga na ruwa). Idan cutar ta kama, ana maye gurbin ƙasa gaba ɗaya da sabon.
Cika gadaje da takin zamani (a watan Afrilu). Yawan takin zamani a cikin greenhouse ma ya fi girma a cikin ƙasa mara kariya.
Halittar babban gadaje (har zuwa 30 cm tsayi) na faɗin faɗi mai dacewa (yawanci 80 cm).
Mai gadaje mai zafi a mako guda kafin dasawa. Ana shayar da gado da ruwa mai zafi tare da ƙari kaɗan na mullein ko digo na tsuntsu (1-2 ɗimbin hannu kowace guga na ruwa) kuma an rufe shi da fim.
Tsarin trellises: a cikin greenhouse kana buƙatar ajiye sarari. Kuma idan a cikin ƙasa ba duk yan lambu ba suna girma a cikin cucumbers a al'adar tsaye, a cikin wani takaddun girke-girke a cikin ƙasa wannan hanya ce da aka yarda da ita gabaɗaya.

Harkar shuka da kanta ba ta da bambanci da waccan yanayin rashin tsaro kuma tana yiwuwa lokacin da zafin rana a cikin greenhouse ya kusan 20 ^{game da}C.

A cikin gidajen katako don cucumbers dole ne su bayar da tallafi

Carearin kulawa da cucumbers

A cikin cucumbers, tsarin tushen yana a zurfin 5 zuwa 25 cm. Tare da kara yawan zafin jiki na iska kuma idan babu ruwan sama, tudun sun bushe da sauri, don haka cucumbers suna buƙatar yin ruwa akai-akai da ruwa mai zafi a rana a rana. An shayar da daskararre a cikin sa'o'i maraice, yawanci kowace rana. Zai fi kyau ruwa tare da magudanar ruwa ba tare da ɓataccen abu ba domin ruwan bai fashe ba kuma kada ya faɗi akan ganyayyaki. Bayan kowace shayarwa, ƙasa tana buƙatar ɗanɗano dan kadan, kuma idan ya cancanta, ya kamata a jawo tsire-tsire. Kullum yaƙi da kwari.

Bayan bayyanar ganye na biyar na gaskiya, tsunkule tsiron don haifar da haɓakar harbe harbe, wanda yawancin amfanin gona ke tsiro. Gaskiya ne, ga yawancin khalifofi na zamani, pinching ba na tilas bane, amma ba zai yi rauni ba.

A lokacin da tumatir fara farawa, ciyarwarsu ta farko keyi. Don yin wannan, ɗauki nitrophoska (30-35 g a guga na ruwa) kuma zuba aƙalla gilashin irin wannan maganin a ƙarƙashin kowace shuka. Na biyu saman miya ne da za'ayi a lõkacin da suka ga cewa bayan m girma daga cikin 'ya'yan itacen, da lashes lura rage gudu da girma da kuma fruiting fadada.

Kokwamba an fi dacewa girma a trellises, amma ba koyaushe suke hawa zuwa inda mai shi zai so ba, don haka lokaci-lokaci kuna buƙatar aika lashes kuma wani lokacin ma ɗaure su. Dole ne a cire girbi da tsari, wani lokacin kuma dole ne a yi shi kullun. In ba haka ba, cucumbers za su yi yawa, kuma sababbin ƙwayoyin za su daina ƙirƙirar.

Kada a bar cucumbers su mamaye wuri, in ba haka ba yawan amfanin ƙasa zai ragu da kyau

Cututtuka da matsaloli a cikin girma kokwamba seedlings

Lokacin girma kokwamba seedlings a gida, ya zama dole a bi duk ka'idodi dangane da zazzabi, haske da damshin ƙasa. Idan wani abu ya karye, cututtuka suna iya yiwuwa, wasu lokuta sukan ƙare tare da cikakken mutuwar ƙwayar. Don haka, baza'a iya ɗaukar 'ya' ya 'yan itace cuta ba, amma ana iya asara koda saboda wannan zaɓin mai cutarwa gaba ɗaya, wanda yake abu ne mai sauƙin guji. Wani lokaci, saboda tsire-tsire ba su shimfidawa, ya isa kawai don wanke windows.

Alamu cewa wani abu ba daidai ba tare da shuki na iya haɗawa:

yellowing na ganye;
kara bakin ciki;
rubabbun takardu;
tsagewa;
ganye mai bushe.

A kowane yanayi, yana da wuya mutum ya faɗi wani takamaiman cuta, tunda ana iya zama da yawa, kuma alamu sau da yawa sukan mamaye. Dukkanin jerin abubuwan da zasu yiwu suna da kyau:

kafa na baki;
tushen rot;
farin rot;
Fusarium
powdery mildew;
farin Musa.

Waɗannan suna da nisa daga dukkan cututtuka, kuma don ganewar asali da lura da ƙwayar cuta ya zama dole don bincika cikin wallafe-wallafen: a wasu lokuta, zaku iya ƙoƙarin ajiye tsirrai, amma yawancin lokaci wannan bashi yiwuwa. Zaɓuɓɓuka waɗanda suka fi yawa da aka samo a gida suna kama da wannan.

Kokwamba seedlings fada da za

Wannan ba cuta koyaushe bane. Wataƙila tsire-tsire kawai ba su da isasshen haske. Wajibi ne a sanya fitila mai ƙarfi a kansu, kuma komai na iya komawa al'ada. Zai yiwu girma bushes suna riga ya ɓoye juna, to tabarau kawai suna buƙatar shirya shi da yardar kaina.

Abin takaici, akwai dalilai da yawa da ke sanya wilting, amma a wasu lokuta ana iya taimakawa

Tabbas, bushewar mai yiwuwa ne kawai a yanayin zafi da rashin danshi, to akwai buƙatar a shayar da seedlings sosai. Wasu lokuta ba ta da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ke nufin cewa yana da daraja ƙara ƙaramar takin takaddun ruwa a cikin ban ruwa. Amma ko da daga wuce haddi na na gina jiki, oddly isa, seedlings iya mutu, sabili da haka, shi ne kuma ba zai yiwu a overdo shi a cikin wannan al'amari.

Game da batun Fusarium za, wato cuta mai haɗari, rashin alheri, taimako ba zai yuwu ba. Amma a kowane hali, zaku iya ƙoƙarin dasa shukar da tsire-tsire waɗanda ke fara faɗuwa cikin ƙasa mai sabo.

Me yasa ganyen seedlings ya zama rawaya

Ganyen rawaya na iya nuna dumbin matsaloli: daga rashin banbaci ga fasahar aikin gona zuwa cututtuka masu haɗari. A gida, galibi ganyayyaki sukan juya launin rawaya saboda ƙasa mara kyau, a ciki akwai rashin ƙarancin nitrogen. Idan haka ne, kawai fesa daskararren urea mai rauni akan ganyayyaki na iya ceton lamarin. Amma yellowing na faruwa ba wai kawai saboda karancin nitrogen ba, amma saboda rashin daidaituwa game da dukkanin abubuwan gina jiki, kuma a nan babu abin da za'a iya yin bincike ba.

Yellowing seedlings ba koyaushe cuta ba ne, wani lokacin ma kawai ba ta da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki

Yellowing na ganyayyaki mai yiwuwa ne saboda ƙarancin zafin jiki, musamman da dare, kuma saboda rashin hasken halitta. Wannan yana da sauƙin gyara. Sauran dalilan da suka haifar da rarar kwayoyi sun bambanta sosai da ba zai yiwu a rufe su cikin ɗan gajeren labari ba.

Idan kwari suka bayyana

Mafi mashahuri karin kwari na cucumbers sune:

guna aphids;
tururuwa
gall nematodes;
fararen fata;
gizo-gizo mites.

Koyaya, galibi suna kaiwa tsire-tsire a cikin lambu, kuma suna iya samun gida tare da ƙasa, wanda ba zai yiwu tare da shirye-shiryen da suka dace don shuka ba. A gida, tsutsotsi na ƙaram na colmbola waɗanda ke lalata kan ƙananan Tushen seedlings kuma za'a iya samu. A kowane hali, kwari iri daban-daban suna tasiri akan kwari, mafi kyawun duniya shine Actara.

Bidiyo: muna dasa ofan itacen dabino a cikin lambun

Shuka seedlings na cucumbers ba koyaushe hanya ce ta wajaba, suna zuwa da shi don samun amfanin gona da ya gabata. Tun da mafi yawan cucumbers za a iya samu daga shuka iri kai tsaye a gonar, don matsakaicin dangi ya isa ya girma bai wuce dozin dola na seedlings ba. Duk mazaunin rani zai iya wadatar da shi, kuma ba shi da wahala a yi hakan.