Tsohon sanannun "Novice" - halaye da bayanin irin nau'in tumatir iri iri

Za'a iya ba da shawarar tumatir tumatir don bunkasa masu aikin lambu da manoma da suka yi shakka game da irin tsayar da zabi. Ya, duk da sunan, ya dade yana kafa kanta a matsayin mai kyau mai kyau, dandano mai kyau.

Kuna iya samun ƙarin bayani game da wannan batu a cikin labarinmu. A ciki mun tattara maka bayanin labaran iri-iri, da halaye da kuma abubuwan da ke tattare da namo.

Kayan tumatir: bayanin iri-iri

Tumatir Novice shine aikin masu shayar gida. Bred shi a cikin tashar kiwo Volgograd. Marubuta su ne Liya Nikolaevna Popova da Nikolai Ivanovich Chulkov. An rajistar iri-iri a cikin Jihar Register a shekarar 1986. Tsoma-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, nau'in kayyade Gidan yana da tsayayyi, daji ba wanda ba a ba shi ba, tare da yawan adadin ganye, sababbin koren launi ga tumatir.

A tsawo na 50 zuwa 90 centimeters na buƙatar goyon baya, tying daji. Don samun sakamako mai kyau, yana da Dole a cire har abada daga dukkan fararen ciki. Rashin kwasfa na fari shine don ganye na tsire-tsire na 5-7. Su kara samuwar ta hanyar 1-2 ganye. A cikin buroshi yana tasowa tumatir 6-7 kusan nau'in girman. Bayanan bayan bayyanar na uku na lakabi na gaskiya, da kuma matakan farko, bayan da aka dasa bishiyoyi zuwa rassan.

Hoto Bayanan:

• 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari na tumatir "Farawa" na ja launi.
• Yi wani m, da ɗan ovoid siffar.
• Girma daga 85 zuwa 105 grams.
• Tumatir zuwa m touch, mai kyau-alama fleshy.
• Suna da ɗakunan dakuna 3 zuwa 5, suna iya raba su daga tushe.
• Girbin girbi mai kyau, wanda yake da muhimmanci ga girma.
• Kyakkyawan gabatarwar.
• Kyakkyawan adana a lokacin sufuri.

Halaye

• Kyakkyawan sada zumunci da sauri, wanda yake faruwa a 53-56 days bayan dasawa.
• Amincewa da cututtuka masu girma na tumatir.
• Kyakkyawan tsaro a lokacin sufuri, abin da yake da muhimmanci a lokacin da aka fitar da 'ya'yan itatuwa zuwa wurin sayar.
• Versatility iri-iri. Zai yiwu a fadi duka biyu a kan raguwa, kuma a cikin greenhouse.

Babu wani mummunar cutarwa a tumatir Novice, wanda dole ne a nuna, bisa la'akari da yawa na masu nazarin lambu.

A mita mita daya tare da shimfidawa na 50 da centimita 40, ana shuka shuka 6-7. Matsakaicin yawan amfanin tumatir daga wani daji shine daga 2.0 zuwa 2.2 kg, daga meter mita na ƙasa za ku tara daga kwayoyi 12 zuwa 15 na tumatir da ke damuwa don farawa da fatalwa. Daya daga cikin abubuwan da ke amfani da ita ita ce dandano mai kyau. Ku ci sabo, a cikin nau'i na salads da alade. Saboda daidaituwa na girman yana da kyau ga salting.

Hotuna

Gaba, za ku ga wani zaɓi na hoto-tumatir iri-iri "Novice":

Noma da kulawa

Manufar aikin masu shayarwa ita ce kawar da ƙwayar tumatir na duniya. Ya dace da bude ƙasa, lokacin da girma a yankunan kudancin Rasha. Don tsakiyar Rasha da Siberia, girma a cikin greenhouses da mafakar fina-finai ya fi dacewa.

Ana biyan hanyoyin da ake biye don hanyoyin da aka ba da shawarar kafin shiri na iri:

1. Karyatawa. Hanyar mafi sauki zai taimaka wajen zaɓar mafi yawan tsaba. A cikin gilashin ruwa, narke teaspoon na gishiri. Zuba da tsaba a cikin mafita kuma haɗa da kyau. Bayan minti 10-15, lokacin da tsaba suka zazzage, cire wadanda ake dasu, kuma su wanke wadanda suka sunkuma zuwa kasa tare da ruwa da bushe. Za su fara zuwa farko.
2. Ƙira Don halakar da pathogens a farfajiya na tsaba isa ya rike su a cikin wani rauni bayani na potassium permanganate na 20-25 minti.
3. Bayyanawa Don bugun sama da seedlings, za ka iya germinate da tsaba, wrapping su a gauze ko tace takarda. Kada ka bari gauze ko takarda don bushe, amma kada ka ƙyale lalacewar lalacewa.
4. Hardening Kowa ya san cewa tumatir yana jin zafi. Don ƙara juriya zuwa matuƙar zazzabi, yi wannan hanya. Soaked tsaba na 10-12 hours, sanya a cikin firiji, sa'an nan kuma lokaci guda jiƙa a zafin jiki na 18-22 digiri Celsius. Maimaita hanya sau biyu, kuma daga bisani zaku lura cewa tsire-tsire sun fi sauƙi don jure yanayin zazzabi.
5. Shuka seedlings. Lokacin dasa shuki tsaba a kan seedlings ya dogara ne da shafin da ake nufi da saukowa. Domin lokaci mafi kyau mafi kyau shine lokacin watan Maris. A cikin gine-gine ba tare da zafin jiki ba - karshen Fabrairu ko farkon Maris.

Idan aka shayar da shi tare da ci gaba mai girma (Epin, Bud), sanya ƙasa kuma yayyafa shi da ƙasa don samar da wani Layer na kimanin 1.0-1.5 centimeters. Na gaba, sanya akwati da shuka tsaba a wuri mai daɗaɗɗɗa. Da zafin jiki da ake buƙata don inganta ƙwayar cuta daga 23 zuwa 25 digiri Celsius.

Watering mafi kyau hade tare da fertilizing ma'adinai da takin mai magani. M watering seedlings bukatar kawai sau hudu. Lokacin da dasa shuki tsaba, bayyanar sprouts, bayyanar gaskiyar farko da kafin ɗaukar. Bayan warming ƙasa a cikin greenhouse zuwa zafin jiki na 15-17 digiri, shuka da seedlings a cikin greenhouse. Idan kun bi dokoki da ka'idoji don shayarwa da kula da tsire-tsire, tumatir tumatir zai ji dadin ku da 'ya'yan fari na sabuwar amfanin gona.

Cututtuka da kwari

Kodayake an shayar da shi na dogon lokaci, iri-iri yana da kyau saboda yana da matukar damuwa ga cututtuka na tumatir: macrosporosis (launin ruwan kasa), tushen lalacewa. Don manufar hana cututtukan fungal na tumatir, tsarin lambu sunyi amfani da wannan bayani: kwashe 5-6 allunan miyagun ƙwayoyi Trichopol, saya a cikin kantin magani, kara gilashin madara ga bayani da kuma fesa.

Lokacin da alamar duhu ta bayyana, wanda shine alamar martaba, maganar tare da TATTU tana taimakawa sosai, a hankali bin umarnin da aka haɗe, yayin lura da yawan magunguna da aka kwatanta a ciki.

Don kwarocin kula da kwayoyi sukan yi amfani da girke-girke da aka gwada lokaci-lokaci. Ba su da hatsari kamar yadda magungunan kashe qwari a lokacin aiki, amma suna sanya mummunan barazana ga bear, ticks, aphids, tsirara slugs, scoops, Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro.

Daga bear bayar da shawarar bushe crushed marigolds. Foda kasar gona a kusa da shuka. Cutar da cuts da aphids zasu taimaka taba foda, tsofaffin ganye da kayan ado, magungunan shamomile, tafarnuwa. Daga 'yan wasa da tsirara slugs tasiri tasiri na chilli barkono ko burdock, daji tafarnuwa. Kyakkyawan tasiri ga Colorado dankalin turawa, irin ƙwaro zai zama faski ko Dill dasa a kusa da ridges.

Zaɓin don lambun ku tsaba tumatir tumatir na farawa ba za a bar ku ba. Bayan haka, ko da masu lambu masu kwarewa, dasa shuki iri iri, masu yawan amfanin gona da kuma manyan nau'o'in iri sukan bar dakin dasa shuki tsohuwar, mai kyau Novice.