Peach 'ya'yan itace ne da yara da manya ke ƙauna. An haɓaka shi a cikin yanayin zafi, kodayake yanayin ƙasa yana faɗaɗa hankali. Sabbin nau'ikan suna bayyana, amma ire-iren da aka san kusan kusan karni ɗaya, bikin Tunawa da Zinare, ba su rasa karɓar shahararsa ba. An rarrabe ta ta babban yawan aiki da sauƙi na kulawa.
Bayanin ire-ire da halaye
Shekarar Peach Golden ba ta dace da yankuna masu sanyi ba, amma a cikin rabin rabin ƙasashenmu yana jin daɗi sosai.
Asalin da iri-iri
Peach Golden Jubilee ya fito daga Amurka, Jersey, inda aka bred a farkon 1920s bisa ga nau'ikan Elbert da Greensboro. Masu shayarwa sunyi ƙoƙari su sami nau'ikan Hardy wanda ke ba da 'ya'yan itaciyar ɗanɗano mai kyau; ba a yi amfani da yawan jama'a bane, amma ya zama ya yadu. Nau'in ya tashi da sauri zuwa wasu nahiyoyi ya fara girma, ban da yawancin jihohin Amurka, har ma da Turai da Asiya.
Yawancin bai sami rarraba ba a cikin gidajen lambun masana'antu, galibi yana samun aikace-aikacen sa a cikin gonaki masu zaman kansu. Amincewa da yanayin yanayi daban-daban yana ba da damar samun ta a cikin yanayin bushe, yanayin zafi, da kuma wurare masu zafi. Wannan kawai don yankuna masu sanyi, iri-iri ba su dace sosai. Saboda haka, lokacin da aka yi rajista a cikin 1947 a cikin Rajistar Jiha na ƙasarmu, yankin Kudancin Arewa kawai ya ƙudurta kasancewa mazauninta. Kuma a halin yanzu, zaku iya haɗuwa da wannan baƙuwar ta sama da nesa, a faɗi, Voronezh: zai yi girma kuma ya ba da 'ya'ya, amma yana da matukar wuya a rufe manyan bishiyoyi na hunturu.
Halayen Shuka
Peach Golden Jubilee na tsiro cikin siffar itacen sama da girman matsakaici, har zuwa mita biyar, tare da kambi mai ƙyalli mai shimfiɗa ko'ina, a cikin shekarun farko yana girma da sauri. Ganyen suna da manyan, kore-launin kore, da gefunan da aka zana.
Peach blooms profusely, tare da kyawawan furanni
Yana blooms a tsakiyar May tare da mai yawa, haske ruwan hoda kararrawa-dimbin yawa furanni tare da concave petals. Saitin 'ya'yan itace ya yi yawa, ba a buƙatar pollinators. A lokaci guda, masu kula da lambu sun lura cewa lokacin da tsallake-tsallake-tsallake tare da nau'ikan kamar, alal misali, Stavropol ruwan hoda, Volcano ko Inca, yawan samarwa yana ƙaruwa kaɗan.
Dogayen bishiyoyi suna ba da amintattu
'Ya'yan itaciya na farko sun bayyana a shekara ta uku, yawan amfanin ƙasa yana girma cikin sauri, yana kaiwa kyawawan dabi'u masu kyau. Daga itacen bishiya tare da kulawa na yau da kullun, kuna iya tattara sama da kilogiram 50 na 'ya'yan itace. Daban-daban na matsakaici ripening: 'ya'yan itacen suna shirye don girbi a farkon rabin watan Agusta. Abin baƙin ciki, 'ya'yan itãcen cikakke ba su daɗe ba a kan itatuwa, kuma suna ɗaukar kusan guda lokaci guda. Sabili da haka, girbin yakamata ya zama na lokaci: kasancewar makoma na mako guda yana barazanar asarar yawancin 'ya'yan itaciyar.
Hardness na hunturu da juriya ga cututtukan fungal da kwari an dauke su da girma, amma ana yawan lura da ganyayyaki masu rarrafe. An bayar da bayanai waɗanda buds da harbe zasu iya tsayayya da yanayin zuwa ƙasa -25 game daC, amma a yawancin hanyoyin ana kiran wasu ƙarin madaidaitan adadi. A cikin yanayin snowless steppe yankuna na Crimea shi winters ba tare da ƙarin dumama. Yana da al'ada don yanayin bushe.
Bayanin 'Ya'yan itace
Shekarar Peach na Zinare tana nufin nau'in tebur. 'Ya'yan itãcensa suna da girma sosai, sun kai adadin 120 g kuma a sama, m a siffar, suna girma akan gajerun sanduna. Launi mai launin shuɗi ne, zinare, a wani sashi mai mahimmanci na 'ya'yan itacen akwai haske mai launin ja. Fata, ,vevety, yana rabuwa da kyau daga ɓangaren litattafan almara. Ita kuma launin ja mai launin ruwan kasa, wacce take da matsakaici, kuma tana iya rabuwa da sauƙi. Jiki yana da launin shuɗi-orange, a kusa da dutse - m, m, tare da ƙanshi mai ƙarfi.
'Ya'yan itacen peach na ranar tunawa da' ya 'ya' ya 'yan iri ne saboda yawancin nau'in sifa da launi
Dandano mai daɗin-zaki ne, wanda aka yi wa kwalliya da kyau kwarai. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna dauke da kayan zaki: sun ƙunshi daskararru 9.5%, har zuwa 7.5% sugars. An adana su na ɗan gajeren lokaci, ba fiye da mako guda ba; kawai ana tattara ana jigilar su kamar yadda yakamata, amma a kowace rana abin hawa yana raguwa. 'Ya'yan' ya'yan itace wucewa an basu izinin sarrafawa nan da nan. Sun dace da duka don bushewa da kuma matsawa, da kuma cikakken canning.
Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani
Don haka, mahimman mahimmancin fa'idodin Fina-Finan Zinare sune:
- babban aiki;
- babban dandano;
- duniya amfani;
- bayyanar m na 'ya'yan itace;
- kyakkyawan lokacin sanyi;
- isar da kai;
- jure cututtukan fungal.
Kasawan ya cancanci a ambata:
- gajeren rayuwar shiryayye;
- isasshen jigilar 'ya'yan itace;
- hali na showy cikakke 'ya'yan itace.
Dasa iri iri na peach
Peach seedlings ba lallai ba ne tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire: sau da yawa ana shuka nau'in peach daban-daban a kan ceri ceri, almonds ko apricots, ba ku buƙatar jin tsoron wannan. Yana da mahimmanci cewa seedling ɗin da aka saya yana da lafiya, yana da tushe kuma ya riga ya sami rassa na kwarangwal (kodayake ana iya dasa ɗan shekaru biyu), kuma ba a iya ganin wurin yin allurar rigakafin ba, kuma ba ya wakiltar raɗaɗɗen rashi.
Hakanan zaka iya shuka peach daga zuriya, gami da gida, amma ya fi dacewa sannan kuma ka shuka iri da ake so a kai
A cikin yankin arewacin Caucasus wanda aka ba da shawarar ta hanyar takardun hukuma, mafi yawa ana shuka peach a cikin kaka, bayan ganyayyaki sun faɗi. Idan ka shawarta zaka dasa Jarumin Zinare a arewa, zai fi kyau ka yi wannan a farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da yakejin hutawa. Peach yana haɓaka da kyau kawai a kan sako-sako, lamuran ruwa da yashi, tare da zurfin abin da ya faru a cikin ruwan ƙasa. Peach gabaɗaya yana da wuya ya daskare a cikin hunturu fiye da jiƙa tushen wuya a narke kuma a farkon bazara. Don haka, ba yadda za ayi a dasa shi a cikin kwari, kuma galibi ana shirya tuddai musamman don shi.
Wurin saukar da wuri ya kamata ya zama hasken rana, kuma daga gefen iska mai sanyi sanyi tsari ne ko shinge. Kada ku dasa peach a shekara mai zuwa bayan strawberries, solanaceous da gourds: sau da yawa a wannan yanayin, itaciyar ta kamu da rashin lafiya kuma tayi girma sosai. A bu mai kyau ga tono shafin a gaba, musamman ci gaba mara kyau: rhizomes na perennial ciyawa ya kamata a cire a hankali. Lokacin tono, yin guga na humus a kowace murabba'in mitir na ƙasa.
An haƙa ramin saukowa, kamar kuma a ƙarƙashin sauran bishiyoyi. Ba lallai ne ya zama babba sosai ba, kawai rabin mita a girmansa a kowane girma. Koyaya, idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, zai fi kyau a haƙa rami tare da zurfin 70-80 cm, kuma a ƙasa tare da yanki mai kusan magudin cm 20: shimkafa da aka faɗaɗa, daskararren dutse ko tubalin da aka fashe. An cire ɓangaren ɓangaren ƙasa na ƙasa (a lokuta daban-daban, Layer m daga 20 zuwa 40 cm) an haɗe shi da takin mai magani kuma an koma ramin. Don peach, kamar yadda takin mai magani ke ɗaukar bokiti 2-3 na humus da gilashin itace. A cikin yankuna chernozem, ana ɗaukar takin ƙasa ƙasa. Idan ƙasa ta bushe, ana zuba buhun ruwa guda 1-2 a cikin ramin kuma a barsu su tsaya akalla awanni biyu. A ranar saukarwa yi masu zuwa.
Peach yana jin tsoron samun rigar, saboda haka magudanar ruwa a cikin ramin ya zama tilas a kan yumɓun yumɓu
- A lokacin dasa shuki, Tushen dabbar ya ke yawo sosai a cikin ruwa a lokacin kaka, a lokacin kaka, wannan hanyar galibi ana tsallake shi. Nitsar da Tushen a cikin yumɓun yumɓu da mullein.
Cakuda mullein, yumbu da ruwa da aka shafa ga Tushen ya sauƙaƙa dasa shuki
- Suna cirewa daga ramin adadin ƙasa mai mahimmanci don ajiye tushen seedling kuma fitar a tsakiyar babban gungumen azaba, wanda aka sa seedling a gaba. Yakamata gungumen ya kafa 70-100 cm sama da ƙasa, gwargwadon girman tsirin. Wani lokaci yana da dacewar amfani da sanduna biyu.
Za'a iya fitar da gungumen azaba sannan kuma, lokacin da girman seedling ya fito fili: ya kamata kada ya cutar da rassan a kaikaice
- An zuba guga na ruwa a cikin rami kuma ana sanya safarar ruwa a kan ƙasa mai laushi saboda ƙyallen tushe ya zama 3-4 cm sama da matakin ƙasa. Idan bai yi aiki ba, tsara adadin ƙasa a cikin ramin.
Matsayi na tushen wuya yana da mahimmanci, zaka iya amfani da kowane sanda a kwance don sarrafawa
- Sannu a hankali, tushen an rufe shi da ƙasa wanda aka cire, yana bin matsayin tushen abin wuya; wani lokaci bayan dasa, zai nitse zuwa ƙasa, amma ya zuwa yanzu ya kamata ya tashi da yawa santimita sama da shi. Bayan cikawar tushen da compact na kasar, ana shayar da safwan da ƙafa har sai ruwan ya daina shaƙar da sauri.
Ya danganta da danshi na ƙasa, buhunan ruwa 2 zuwa 4 na iya tafiya
- Kirkiro abin nadi a gefunan rami na gaba domin yin ciyawa da ciyawa a cikin da'irar da humus, peat crumbs ko sawdust. A cikin yanayin dumin yanayi, ƙaramin 5 cm ya isa, a cikin sanyi mai sanyi na iya zama sau biyu.
Tsarin mulch yana hana bushewar ƙasa da daskarewa daga tushen sa
A lokacin dasa shuki, babu abin da ake buƙatar sake yi, amma kafin farkon hunturu, yakamata a dakatar da tushe tare da tarnaki ko nailan, kuma a yankuna masu sanyi ana iya jan har zuwa hunturu. A lokacin da dasa shuki, da farko dole ne ka saka idanu kan kasar gona danshi da kuma hana overdrying.
Siffofin Girma
Ungiyar Peach Golden Jubilee alama ce ta nau'ikan jinsin tare da rashin daidaituwa na dangi wanda ya bar alamarta akan fasalin kula da ita, amma a gaba ɗaya kulawa iri ɗaya ce ga sauran nau'ikan da yawa. Peach na bukatar a ban ruwa sau 3-4 a kowacce salo na buhu 5-6 na ruwa: ya kamata a sanya ƙasa a zurfin rabin mudu. Shayar da sassafe ko, kuma, da yamma, da yamma, bayan rana. Watering yana da mahimmanci makonni 3-4 kafin 'ya'yan itacen su fashe: yana shafar girman su da ingancin su. Bayan kowace ruwa, dole ne a saki ƙasa: peach na buƙatar oxygen zuwa asalinsu. Bayan haka, ana hana ruwa har tsawon wata daya. A cikin yanayin canjin sanyi, shara hunturu ta wajaba tare da karuwar kashi.
Peaches ana ciyar da su a shekara: akan chernozems mafi yawa kawai tare da takin mai ma'adinai, akan ƙasa mara kyau suma suna ba da kwayoyin. A farkon bazara, yi 50-70 g na urea ƙarƙashin itacen. A lokacin rani, ana ciyar da su da takin gargajiya daidai da umarnin kan kunshin, kuma kayan miya na sama na sama suna ba da sakamako mai kyau ta fesawa akan ganyayyaki. A lokacin girbi, yana da kyau a fesa bishiyoyi da maganin sinadarin potassium (30 g da guga na ruwa). A cikin kaka, 40 g na potassium sulfate da superphosphate ana kara su a kowace murabba'in mita na da'irar akwati.
Bayan girbi, mutane da yawa lambu shuka kore taki karkashin peach.
Shekarar Peach na Zinare lallai yana buƙatar ƙirƙirar kambi a farkon shekaru huɗu na rayuwa. Bayan wannan, kawai pruning na tsabta wajibi ne: yankan marasa lafiya da fashe harbe, kazalika da waɗanda a fili tsoma baki juna. Yanke a peach a cikin tazara tsakanin yayyafa fure da buɗe fure fure. Duk wuraren yanayuwa dole ne an rufe su da lambun var.
Lokacin ƙirƙirar itace na peach, thean kodar zinari ba lallai ba ne ya ba shi kamannin '' ɗan ƙasa ': ya fi dacewa da kulawa da tattara fruitsa fruitsan itace idan aka yi kama da kofin. Idan ana yin girki dole ne a lokacin bazara, sannan sanitary, idan ya cancanta, ana iya yin duka a lokacin bazara, bayan girbi, da kaka, lokacin shirya itace don hunturu. Amma har yanzu a cikin bazara, ba tare da buƙatar gaggawa ba, peach adult ya fi kyau kada ku taɓa.
Ta hanyar yanke shugabar tsakiya a cikin lokaci, zaku iya iyakance haɓakar itaciyar kuma ku ba shi siffar tasa
Peach Golden Jubilee a yankuna na kudu a sauƙaƙe jinkiri lokacin bazara, amma a tsakiyar layi dole ne a shirya sosai don hunturu. Idan hunturu ya kasance mai laushi, to bayan tsabtace itacen da ban ruwa mai ban ruwa, ya isa don hura katako zuwa tsayin rabin-miji, in ba haka ba, an shirya kwandon shara kuma an lullube shi da kayan rufin, burlap ko kwali. Kayan zamani marasa sutura da bishiyoyin conifer suna taimakawa sosai. Treesaukatattun bishiyoyi suna ƙoƙarin tattara duka, manya - aƙalla zuwa rassan kwarangwal. An zuba peat ko humus a cikin da'irar akwati na hunturu har zuwa 15 cm.
Cututtuka da kwari, yakar su
Daga cikin sanannun cututtukan da ke cikin peach, Jubwallon Goldenan Gwal yana da matukar tsoro kawai ta ganyayyaki masu kyau, ragowar suna da matuƙar wuya. Tsarin cuta cuta ce mai matukar haɗari. A cikin bazara, sakamakon aikin naman gwari, blisters suna bayyana akan ganyen matasa, kuma yankan ƙamshi yana farawa daga raunuka akan harbe. Kwakwalwa nan da nan ya zama ruwan kasa mai launin shuɗi, fat mai ruɓi ta bayyana akan su. Bar bushe fitar da fada prematurely. Mutuwa daga naman gwari da buds.
Curl babban cuta ne da ya shafi kayan ganye ba kawai
Yawancin harbe matasa, shekaru 1-2, ana shafar su. Bayan ganyayyaki, jujin da kananun da kan su ya zo: sun juya rawaya, tanƙwara kuma bushe Rashin nasarar zai iya zama mai muni har ya kai ga mutuwar bishiyar gaba ɗaya. Saboda haka, nan da nan idan aka gano wata cuta, to sai an yanke harbe waɗanda abin ya shafa su ƙone. Ana kula da itacen gaba ɗaya da ruwa 1% na Bordeaux ko chloroxide jan karfe (maganin 2%). Za a buƙaci mafi ƙarancin jiyya guda huɗu, sau biyu a wata.
Mitar spraying a farkon bazara tare da ruwa na Bordeaux ko sulphate jan karfe yana rage haɗarin kamuwa da cuta.
Juban bishiyar peach na Healthan itace da ke da inganci suna tsayayya da kwari, amma a wasu lokutan aphids, huuru, 'ya'yan itacen marmari, ko asu na gabas na iya warware su. Aphids - sananniyar kwaro don lambu - tsotsa ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga matasa harbe. A cikin adadi kaɗan, ana samun sauƙin lalata ta hanyar hannu ko magungunan jama'a. Weevils masu gwagwarmaya tare da fure da furanni ana gwagwarmaya ta hanyar sanya belts na farauta da tsabtace lokaci na lokaci daga bishiyun da suka mutu. Haka kuma ana iya lalata ɓarin ɓarna tare da taimakon farautar bello. Moan itacen ola da aka taɓa shafawa ana sare su suna ƙone su, kuma an lalata ɓangaren ɓangarorin na matafila.
Idan adadin kwari ya yi yawa, dole ne a yi amfani da wakilan kula da sinadarai. Yawancin kwari suna lalata ta amfani da magungunan kashe kwari na duniya (Fitoverm, Fufanon, Iskra, da dai sauransu), amma yakamata a yi amfani dasu tun kafin girbi, ta amfani da kayan kariya na sirri da kuma daidai bisa umarnin likita.
Sake Gani
Bambanci ga kurwa. Kyakkyawan ɗanɗano da aka ɗanɗano da haushi (Ni kaina na matukar son shi), an cire fata da sauƙi kuma kashi ya rabu. Amfani da yafi kyau shine ya tsage kuma ya ci abinci nan da nan. Amma yana da taushi: kawo kasuwa matsala ce. A nan take.
Nikolay
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9432
A wannan shekara, Juban kodar zinare ta sami nasara a ranar 12 ga Yuli, sabanin shekarun da ta gabata (bayan 20 ga Yuli). A lokacin bazara, an mai da ɗanyun itace kuma itacen da kansa ya ba ni abincin da aka shuka.
Yin kilishi
//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=9432
Peach yana da kyau a dandano, ya bar itace 1, amma yana da rashin ƙarfi babba, juriya mai ƙarancin fure na toho da itace, juriya na cuta yana ƙasa da matsakaiciya, farkon farkon fure yana faɗuwa ƙarƙashin sanyi lokacin sanyi kuma na ƙarshe da gaske yake zubewa da ƙarancin iska duk duniya. Wajibi ne a zauna a cikin "shuru" da kuma jin kullun 'ya'yan itãcen a lokacin ripening.
Crocus
//lozavrn.ru/index.php?topic=815.180
Ranar tunawa da zinare bayan matsanancin hunturu ya gamshi da girbin.
Andrey, Sevastopol
//www.sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?p=409558
Shekarar Zinariya "- tare da haushi, ni kaina da gaske nake son shi, amma mahaifiyata ba ta so.
O.K.
//forum.sevastopol.info/viewtopic.php?t=127288&start=22250
Peach Golden Jubilee shi ne mafi tsufa kuma tabbas sanannen sanannen peach iri-iri. Koyaya, ya gamsar da buƙatun yan lambu sosai har yanzu yana da matukar farin jini a yankuna kudancin ƙasarmu.
