Kwayoyin magani na irin wannan shuka a matsayin mai ƙonawa sun san mutane a cikin latitudes daga zamanin d ¯ a. A baya, an yi amfani da shi musamman, saboda an samu wannan shuka kusan a ko'ina, duk da haka, tare da yanayin sauyawa da yanayin yanayi, sai ya fara ɓacewa daga filayen da gonaki. A cikin labarinmu za ku sami bayani game da fasali na dasa, kula da wannan ciyawa da kuma bayanin botanical irinta.
Bayanan Botanical
Pickling tana nufin tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire kuma tana da sunayen mutane daban-daban, Mafi shahararrun wa] anda: ciyawa mai naman kaza, ƙuƙwalwar jini, ciyawar ciyawa, rawan daji, kifi. Wani wakilin wakili na kwayar Pepter shi ne ɓangaren litattafan almara, wanda aka fi sani da kantin magani, ko glandular.
Mai ƙona yana da dogon lokaci, yawancin lokaci ana sanya shi rhizome, tsawonsa ya kai kimanin centimita. Daga tsakiyar rhizome akwai matakai masu yawa da kuma dogon fibrous. Tsarin yana kafa, daga 30 centimeters zuwa mita 1 a tsawo, mafi yawan sau da yawa, ƙananan rassansa suna da rassan, a ciki yana da ɓangaren ci gaba, mai sauƙi ga taɓawa, baƙo.
Shin kuna sani? Bisa ga tsohuwar al'adar, duk yara da aka kula da su sunyi maganin cututtukan cututtuka da taimakon wannan shuka. "Don kwance a cikin makiyaya a cikin tsummoki da ƙin turare," shine girke-girke na al'ada don lafiyar lafiya.
Ganye, da ke cikin yankin basal, suna da tsalle-tsalle, maimakon girman girman, pinnate, ɓangarensu na da duhu a launi, haske, ƙananan ƙananan yana da wuta da kuma dim. Kayan litattafai a kan ƙuƙwalwar ba su da kariya, ba su da kyau. Dukkanansu suna da siffar elongated kwai da kuma kaifi, gefuna na sawtooth.
Furen suna ƙananan girma, yawanci duhu ja, sun zama kawunansu a cikin siffar daji ko karu, 1.5-3 centimeters a cikin girman, sun kasance a kan dogon lokaci. Gwargwado - dogon, gashi, launin ruwan kasa, da membranes. Tsarin flowering yana faruwa a lokacin rani. A matsayin 'ya'yan itace, injin yana ba da kwayoyi mai bushe irin launin ruwan launin launin ruwan kasa, mintuna 3-5 a cikin girman.
Duk lokacin kakar, irin waɗannan tsire-tsire suna murna da ku tare da ci gaba da ado: Mai watsa shiri, Badan, astilba, geykher, hellebore, stonecrop, viola, tradescantia.
Rarraba da mazaunin
Mafi sau da yawa, wannan shuka za a iya samu a cikin filayen, ambaliyar ruwa da busassun duwatsu, a kan gefen gyare-gyare da tsaftacewa, tare da kudancin kogin da bankunan, a cikin tsire-tsire na wasu bishiyoyi. Musamman mai yawa ana iya samuwa a cikin marshland. Wani nau'i irin na burnet aka jera a cikin Red Book of Latvia, wasu yankuna na Ukraine da Rasha.
Krovokhlebki ya shimfiɗa a kan iyakar ƙasashen Turai, Arewacin Amirka, da kuma yankunan Gabas ta Tsakiya tare da yanayin yanayi. Ana iya samo samfurori guda a Tsakiya ta Tsakiya, a cikin tudun Tien Shan. A Rasha, yawanci ana rarraba tsire-tsire a yankin Siberia, yankin Far Eastern, Turai da kuma Caucasus.
Shin kuna sani? Harshen Rasha sunan wannan ganye ita ce cikakkiyar shinge daga Latin "Sanguisorba", wanda aka fassara shi a matsayin "sanguis" - jini, "sorbeo" - shafe.
Popular irin mai ƙonawa
Halin bayyanar kowane irin ciyawa da aka yi la'akari shi ne mafi yawan abu guda, kawai launi na ƙwayoyin cuta, tsayinta kuma wani lokaci girman da siffar ganye suna bambanta. Ga jerin sunayen mafi yawan masanan wuta:
- Tana - mafi mashahuri na zamani irin nauyin irin wannan shuka, wanda yake da zurfin launin ja, wanda girmansa ya kai 80 centimeters.
- Giraren gashi - yana da ƙari sosai idan aka kwatanta da irin nauyin tsarin ganye da launin ruwan hoda mai haske na inflorescences.
- Rhesus - yana da furanni mai launin ruwan hoda mai launin launin ruwan kasa kuma suna kwantattun ganye tare da wasu gefuna da ba a kula ba.
- Menzies - yana da ganyayyaki, wanda gefensa yana da iyakar farar fata, kazalika da ƙananan raƙuman ruwa, wanda tsawonsa zai iya zama har zuwa sita biyar.
- Gorgeous - Yankin Ussuri. Sananne na farko don kayan ado na ado. Manyan manyan, gashi inflorescences na haske m inuwa dangling daga stalk, wanda amfani da bluish foliage.
- Dull - yafi girma a wurare masu tuddai, yana da ruwan hotunan ruwan hotunan mai haske da tsayi sosai.
Nazarin likita
Daga cikin magungunan magani na wannan ganye za a iya bambanta antimicrobial, tonic, hemostatic, astringent, tonic da immuneostimulating. Yawancin abubuwa masu amfani da kwayoyin halitta suna samuwa a cikin rhizome na shuka. Musamman mai yawa tushensa ya ƙunshi nau'o'in tannins, matsakaicin nauyin abin da ke cikin sharuddan sunadarai sun kai 20-25%.
Dangane da tushen burnet, akwai nau'in kwayoyi daban-daban da ake nufi don amfani da waje da na ciki. Kuma idan amfani da waje na farko ya haɗa da yin amfani da infusions giya da shafawa don magance matsalolin daban-daban, raunuka da kuma dakatar da zub da jini, yawancin amfani da kwayoyi da aka danganta akan wannan injin yana da kyau.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kafin yin amfani da duk magungunan mutane ta amfani da wannan shuka, ka fara yin shawarwari tare da likita don kauce wa cututtuka da cututtuka.
Alal misali, akwai kwayoyi da aka tsara don ƙarfafa aikin rigakafi, magance cututtukan zuciya, kawar da mummunan haushi, rage motsi na hanji, don magance cututtuka da dama, wanda ya nuna ta hemoptysis, cututtuka na tsarin haihuwa.
Kowane ɗayan kuɗin, a cikin nau'i na kayan ado, jiko, shayi, maganin shafawa, kyandir, da dai sauransu, ana cinye shi bisa ga umarnin da aka haɗe.
Bugu da ƙari, rigakafi yana da rinjaye da: safflower, horseradish, tafarnuwa, savory, apples, ramson, fir, walnut baki, Aloe, almonds, sturgeon, viburnum, dogwood, magnolia itacen inabi, Mint, Basil, melissa.
Girma a gida
Mai ƙonewa - wani tsire-tsire wanda bai dace da yanayin girma ba, da kula da shi, a matsayin mai mulkin, ba mawuyacin wahala ba ne. Duk da haka, ko da la'akari da wannan a sama, akwai bangarori na musamman na noma, wadda za ka iya samun karin bayani a ƙasa.
Yanayin girma
Wannan inji bai buƙatar mai yawa sunshine, Duk da haka, idan kana so ka bayyana cikakken kayan ado, ana bada shawara don dasa shuki a cikin wuraren da aka yi da kyau. Girma a ciki a cikin tukwane a gida yana yiwuwa ne, amma a aikace wannan ƙwarewar wannan shuka ba ta da kyau kuma yana iya sa ya fi wuyar ka kula da shi.
Cire ciyawa mai sauqi ne kuma ba tare da wata mummunan lahani ga kanta tana ɗauke da ruwa mai yawa a wurin ci gabanta, saboda haka babu buƙatar zabi wani shafin da zai zama dole ya kasance daga wurare masu kwance da ruwa. Haka kuma tsire-tsire yana iya canza tasiri na iska da kuma zane, musamman saboda girman haɗuwa da ganye da furanni tare da stalks, don haka zaka iya watsi da wannan factor lokacin da zaɓar wani shafin saukowa.
Zai kasance da amfani a gare ku don ƙarin koyo game da nau'o'in iri da kaya na ƙasa, tsarin ajiya don su, yadda za a yanke hukunci akan yanayin acid a kan shafin, yadda za a raba shi, da kuma gano abin da ya dogara da kuma yadda za a inganta ƙwayar ƙasa.
Kasar gona da taki
Yana da kyawawa don zabi ƙasa mai kyau, mai arziki a wasu ma'adinai da kwayoyin halitta, yana da kyau shuka shi a kan chernozem tare da sako-sako da, crumbly tsari. Sandy da lãka kasa tare da rubutun porous kuma dace. Yawancin ƙasa ya kamata ya zama tsaka tsaki ko, a kalla, dan kadan acidic. Alkaluman kasa suna taimakawa wajen bunkasa wannan shuka.
Tare da isasshen wuri da ƙasa, Lugovka baya buƙatar kowane dressing kafin dasawa da kuma ci gaban girma, amma idan kun ga cewa shuka ba shi da taki, to, sai ku yi amfani da nauyin hawan ma'adinai na 2-3 da ma'adanai. Superphosphate a kimanin 150-200 grams da guga na ruwa zai dace da abinci mai ma'adinai, kuma ana iya amfani da mullein ko tsuntsayen tsuntsaye masu amfani da su don amfani da kwayoyin halitta 1:10.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ka lura cewa sabon ciyawa don shekaru 5-7 ba shi yiwuwa a shuka a wurin girma na tsohuwar tsufa saboda yanayin "gajiya na kasa", kuma saboda sassa da ke fama da cututtuka daban-daban da cututtuka daga abin da sababbin shuke-shuke zasu iya zama kamuwa zai iya zama a cikin ƙasa.
Zai fi kyau a takin shuka a cikin tambaya kafin fitowar rana ko bayan faɗuwar rana., saboda haɗuwa da takin mai magani tare da hasken rana zai iya haifar da maganin sinadaran, lokacin da shuka zai ƙone sauti. Dole ne a zuba ruwa tare da takin mai magani kai tsaye a ƙarƙashin tushen, ƙoƙari kada ku jijiyar mai tushe da ganye. Idan kayi nufin shuka shuki a cikin ƙasa marar bango, an bada shawarar yin amfani da shi da sau ɗaya tare da superphosphate a cikin sama.
Watering da danshi
Ana buƙatar adadin albarkatun ruwa da yawa don mai ƙonawa don ci gabanta da ci gaba. Saboda haka ana bada shawara don shayar da shi yau da kullum a madadin guga na ruwa na mita 1-2. A wannan yanayin, ruwa dole ne ya zama sanyi, zai fi dacewa don rabuwa, da kyau, ko kuma daga wani magungunan fasaha, tun da chlorine da ke cikin ruwan famfo zai iya haifar da asarar launi mai haske da launi.
Har ila yau, kyawawan cewa yanayin zafi a cikin tsire-tsire yana ci gaba da zama a daidai matakin da ya dace da wuraren da ke da iyaka, watau kusan 60-80%. Don yin wannan, ba za ku iya yin ruwa kawai ba kamar yadda aka nuna a sama, kuma idan wannan bai isa ba, kuma kuna ganin cewa yana fara farawa, zaku iya busa bugunku tare da ruwa daga bindigar sau ɗaya a rana, zai fi dacewa kafin fitowar rana. Musamman ma, yana da kyau a shayar da ƙurar jini a cikin zafi da bushe rani.
Koyon yadda za a shuka shuke-shuke kamar: Juniper, Lavender, Rosemary, Casa, Cold Seed, Dakin Yara, Kofiyar bishiya, Azalea, Kalanchoe, Anthurium, Geranium, Orchid, Spathiphyllum, Violet, Begonia a gida.
Kiwo
Don dasa shuka a gida zai iya zama manyan hanyoyi biyu: vegetative kuma tare da taimakon tsaba. Duk hanyoyi guda biyu sun tabbatar da cewa suna da tasiri sosai, duk da haka, tun da tsarin vegetative ya ƙunshi karin ƙoƙari da ƙarin ƙarin ƙwarewar a cikin wannan al'amari, zai fi kyau idan kun yi amfani da hanyar na biyu don farawa.
Tsaba
Hanyar haifuwa daga pellet iri ta hanyar tsaba yana da wahala, duk da haka, idan kun bi duk shawarwarin da ke ƙasa, zai zama sauƙi a gare ku. A nan ne kimanin algorithm na ayyuka:
- Tattara tsaba a cikin marigayi Agusta da farkon watan Satumba, bayan da yawancin abubuwan da suka faru sun ɓace.
- Bayan sun bushe don makonni 2-3, shirya su don shuka, cire duk kayan banza da lalacewa - don yin wannan, saka su a cikin gilashi da ruwa kuma cire wadanda ba su nutse zuwa kasa ba.
- A ƙarshen kaka, fara shuka a cikin ƙasa - don yin wannan, samar da tsagi 5-6 santimita zurfi, zuba tsaba cikin shi kuma yayyafa shi a saman ƙasa.
- A cikin idon ruwa, tsammanin fitowar sabbin furanni, da kuma farkon aikin shuka na tsirrai da aka shuka a wannan hanya zai kasance shekaru 2-3 bayan shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ka yi kokarin shuka krovlolebku daga wasu tsire-tsire, musamman tare da tsarin ci gaba da ɓarna, tun da yake a nan gaba zai kusan cire duk kayan gina jiki daga maƙwabta.
Vegetative
Hanyar da ake amfani da vegetative yana nuna rabuwa na rhizome na cinderbled zuwa sassa da dama da kuma saitattun su a cikin yanayi na greenhouse tare da kara dasawa a cikin ƙasa tare da farkon lokacin dumi. A nan ne kimanin algorithm kimanin wannan fasaha:
- Gwada rhizome na shuka, tsabtace shi daga ƙasa kuma ya raba shi da wuka mai kaifi a cikin sassan kashi 3-5. Wannan aikin ya fi kyau a ƙarshen Nuwamba.
- Saka sakamakon delenki a cikin tukwane masu rarraba a cikin wani gine-gine ko a gida, da su tare da karamin ruwa kuma su rufe tare da gilashi ko gilashin filastik don hana tsire daga evaporating.
- Tare da bayyanar farawa na farko, cire gilashi ko fim kuma ruwa da shuka tare da karamin ruwa a kowace rana don ya ji daɗin kashi 3-4 cikin ƙasa (zurfin zurfin za a iya dubawa tare da yatsan ko fensir).
- A lokacin bazara, bayan matsakaici yawan zazzabi kullum ya kai zuwa + 7 ... + 10 ° C, za ku iya fara durƙushe tsire-tsire, kawo shi a cikin iska mai tsawon minti 10-15.
- Da farko na watan Mayu, tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire za a iya dasa su a ƙasa mai bude, wanda, idan an buƙata da ake buƙata, za'a iya samuwa ta amfani da algorithms da aka rubuta a sama.
Abota da zafin jiki
Jirgin yana da sauƙin iya tsayayya da yanayin yanayin hunturu da zafi, wannan gaskiya ne ga waɗanda tsire-tsire waɗanda aka dasa a kusa da tafki ko kuma ba da nisa daga wuraren haɗuwa da ruwa a ƙasa ba. Ya kamata a ce cewa kibiya ta wucin gadi baya buƙatar shirye-shirye na musamman don yin hunturu, ya isa ya yanke duk kayan da aka bushe a kan kansa, kuma inji bai buƙatar ƙarin gyaran yanayi.
Idan lokutan hunturu ya fita ba tare da dusar ƙanƙara ba, amma a lokaci guda sanyi ne, ba zai zama mai ban mamaki ba don yayyafa ƙananan peat ko yashi a cikin rhizome na wannan ciyawa akan wurin da aka shirya. Duk da haka, a cikin gaba ɗaya, kullun yana jin dadi sosai a karkashin wani dusar ƙanƙara, wadda, ta hanyar, an ba da shawara daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, a cikin yanayin karamin murfinsa, jefa felu a cikewar shuka.
Matsalolin da suka yiwu a girma
Mai ƙonawa itace tsire-tsire wanda zai iya shuka, sabili da haka, idan kana so ka kasance mai hankali da kuma sarrafawa, an bada shawarar ka yanke dukkanin bayanan bayanan bayan an gano su. Idan kayi nufin tattara tsaba don sake shuka, to, ya kamata ka san cewa aukuwar cututtukan da aka yanke a kowane lokaci sun dace da wannan dalili.
Bugu da ƙari, mun sake jawo hankalinka ga gaskiyar cewa yana da muhimmanci don kula da ruwan inganci da hasken rana, wanda, a daya hannun, zai ba da damar shuke-shuke su yi girma da kuma ci gaba da al'ada, kuma a wani bangaren, bazai yi haɗari ba ko ƙima a gare su . Wannan fasaha ya zo a kan lokaci, don haka kada ku damu idan kuna da wasu matsalolin da farko.
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
Kamar yawancin tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, mai zafi yana da wuya a haɗakar da shi daga hare-hare da cututtuka daban-daban.
Daga cututtuka, mafi yawan haɗari yana wakilta da wasu fungi masu yawa, daga cikinsu akwai ƙananan kafaren baki, launin toka mai launin toka da foda mai ƙumshi ya kamata a rarrabe shi.
Abubuwa mafi haɗari ga cutet sune slugs, sawflies da tururuwa da suke fadi a kan ganye da furanni, a hankali suna cin su.
Zaka iya rabu da ƙwayoyin kwari ta zaluntar ciyawa da tsire-tsire tare da maganin kowane magani, wanda aka yadu da yawa a cikin manyan shaguna masu sana'a. Yin jiyya na cututtuka ya haɗa da kayar da dukkanin ɓangarorin da ke cikin kwayar, har zuwa cire dukan ƙin da rhizome na cannabis masu cututtuka da magani tare da duk wani fungicide, alal misali, Bordeaux liquid.
Don hana haɗarin irin waɗannan matakai, tsire-tsire suna amfani da waɗannan abubuwa don manufar magance matsala da ya riga ya samo, amma a cikin ƙananan ƙananan yawa. Dole ne a ce ana yin rigakafin rigakafin ta hanyar yaduwa da tsire-tsire daga sprayer a lokacin farkon tafiyar matakai na gudana (a tsakiyar bazara). Don hana ci gaban fungal cututtuka na tsaba da kuma kara yawan rayuwar su, ana samun su da tushe da basezol ko formalin.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin aiki tare da sinadarai, tabbatar da bi duk dokokin kare lafiyar mutum da kuma bi umarnin a cikin umarnin su.
Don haka, muna fatan cewa wannan labarin ya taimaka maka ka sami duk bayanin da kake sha'awar game da irin wannan shuka a matsayin mai sutura.A hankali da kuma ƙaunar da ke kula da shafin ka, ya zama mafi kyau da kuma sabon abu daga ma'anar abubuwan kirkiro, ciki har da makiyaya, kuma lambun ka zai yi farin ciki da iyalinka da bayyanar da ta'aziya da ta'aziya har fiye da shekaru goma!
Bayani daga cibiyar sadarwa
