Cortaderia (Sunan Latin Cortaderia) tana nufin ƙwayoyin herbaceous ornamental na iyali Céréal. Sunanta ya nuna daya daga cikin siffofi na waje na ingancin - ƙididdigar ganyen ganye, saboda a cikin "Mutanen Espanya" suna "yanke." Cortaderia ko ciyawa da tsire-tsire suna da kyau akan shafin yanar gizo kuma don dalilai mai kyau bai riga ya sami rarraba mai yawa a cikin gidaje gida.
Bayanan Botanical
A takaice, an bayyana shuka kamar haka:
- kara - tsawo har zuwa 2-3 m, siffofin lokacin farin ciki Turf;
- bar - elongated, linear, nuna, mai lankwasa mai lankwasa;
- inflorescence - a sosai lush panicle na azurfa launi, 30-50 cm tsawo;
- furanni - mafi yawa kananan, namiji - tsirara, mace - tare da mai tsawo silky baki look pinkish ko azurfa-fari, Bloom daga Agusta zuwa Oktoba;
- Kwayoyin dioecious - furen namiji da na mace suna kan mutane daban-daban.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin sayen sapling, kana buƙatar sanin irin irin kayan da aka ba ku. Ka lura da cewa maza zasu fara mutu tare da farkon lokacin kaka, kuma mata bazai rasa sakamako na ado ba kafin zuwan sanyi.
Yada
Ana shuka shuka a kan yankin Arewacin Amirka, Turai da Ostiraliya, kuma a cikin gonar lambu an samo shi daga zamanin Victorian. Ana amfani da ƙwayoyin da ake amfani da shi a fure-fure a wasu fannoni iri-iri.
Cereals iyalin sun hada da tsire-tsire irin su gumi, fure-fure-fure, wuta marar kyau, tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, canary ciyawa, ciyawar alkama, man sha'ir.
Cortaderia sau da yawa ya dace da kowane yanayin damuwa. A cikin daji, an samo shi a kudancin Amirka, inda yake da amfanin gona mai amfani kuma ana amfani da shi don yin takarda. 
Popular iri
Cortaderia suna da nau'o'in iri daban-daban, mafi yawan abin da ke cikin wadannan:
- Andes azurfa. Tsare - tsawo har zuwa 2 m, inflorescences - farin-azurfa, maimakon nau'in sanyi, iri-iri a Arewa yana buƙatar mafaka don hunturu.
- Monstrosa. Tsare - tsawo har zuwa 2 m, inflorescences - manyan da fari, ganye - launin toka-kore.
- Patagonia. Tsare - tsawo har zuwa 2 m, inflorescences - farin-azurfa, ganye - launin toka-kore, maimakon sanyi-resistant iri-iri.
- Pumila. Tsare - tsawo har zuwa 1.2 m, inflorescences - snow-farin, ganye - m-kore, mafi sanyi-resistant iri-iri.
- Pink gashin tsuntsu. Stems - tsawo har zuwa 2 m, inflorescences - pinkish, ganye - m-kore.
- Rosea. Tsare - tsawo har zuwa 2 m, inflorescences - farin-azurfa tare da kadan pinkish tinge.
- Sunningdale azurfa. Tsare - tsawo har zuwa 2.3 m, inflorescences - farin.
Aikace-aikace a cikin zane-zane
Cortaderia sun dubi mai girma duka a kan flowerbed da kan lawn. Yana da kyau a yi ado da wuraren da ba a kula da su ba ko aka dasa su tare da wuraren shakatawa tare da benaye masu ado da gadaje. Ciyawa ke tsiro da sauƙi, yana juyawa cikin dukan kayan lambu. An yi amfani da shi don yin ado da bakin teku na tafkuna masu wucin gadi.
Gidan yana cikakke don yin ruwan sha, marmaro, gado na duwatsu.
An dasa shuki sau da yawa tare da ganuwar gine-gine ko gine-gine, a wannan yanayin, zafi daga dutse yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa ciyawa. A cikin zane na gonar ya dubi kyau a matsayin tsire-tsire na tsakiya wanda wasu furanni ke kewaye.
Yana taimakawa wajen ƙirƙirar layi na tsaye da kuma daidaitawa tare da duwatsu masu ado da kuma kayan lambu.
Saboda girmansa, yana buƙatar fassarar fili kuma yana haɓaka da kyau tare da yarrow, euphorbia, vervain, cosme, giant rudbeckia, echinacea, kazalika da daban-daban hatsi da kuma kayan lambu. Ana iya sanya shi a matsayin shinge ko a matsayin kyakkyawan wuri ga wasu tsire-tsire. 
Girma a gida
Cortaderia wani ciyawa ne mai ban sha'awa wanda ba ya buƙatar ƙoƙarin girma, kuma yana da sauƙin kulawa da magunguna.
Yanayin tsarewa
Kyawawan ciyawa sun fi girma a wuraren bude da kuma wurare. A lokacin da za a zabi wani wuri mai saukowa, za a ba da fifiko ga shafin yanar gizon, rufe daga iska da zane. Ciyawa na tsiro ne a kan tudu, amma a wannan yanayin yana da ƙananan sakamako mai kyau kuma yana iya dakatar da furanni.
Tsarin yana jurewa duk wani yanayi da kyau - fari, zafi mai zafi, yanayin zafi ko ƙananan gishiri. Duk da haka, saboda hunturu a tsakiyar hanya, har ma fiye da haka a arewacin, yana da kyau don tsara shi.
Shin kuna sani? Akwai labari a Ingila da kuma Ireland cewa idan cortaderia ke tsiro a gaban lambun gidan, wannan alama ce ta al'ada da ke zaune a nan.
Kasar gona da taki
Kwayar ciyawa ba ta da kyau kuma yana dacewa da ƙasa ta kowane acidity, idan dai yana da kyau kuma ya yi kyau. Kasashen Cortaderia a cikin rami zuwa zurfin tushe tare da mataki na sauka na 1.5-2 m.
Ramin yana narke dan kadan fiye da tushen nauyin seedling, magudi daga pebbles, cakula ko yaduwa da yumɓu kuma ana sanya ɗayan buckets na takin a kasa na rami.
Kowace shekara a farkon bazara ya kamata ka ciyar da shuka tare da takin mai magani mai mahimmanci.
Magungunan ma'adinai masu mahimmanci sun hada da "Master", "Kemira", "Sudarushka", "AgroMaster", "Plantafol".
Pruning na flowered inflorescences da matattu foliage ne yake aikata a spring.
Watering da danshi
Ciyawa na ciyawa - wata shuka da za ta iya tsayayya da matsanancin zafi da fari. Duk da haka, don ci gaba na al'ada yana buƙatar yin amfani da ruwa a yau. Adadin ruwa ya dogara da girman shuka; a lokacin zafi, wani mai girma daji yana buƙatar kimanin 1-2 buckets na ruwa a kowane kwana 3-4. 
Kiwo
An dasa itatuwan Cortaderia a cikin bazara, a ƙarshen Maris. Tare da dasa shi ne mafi kyau ba jinkirta ba, don haka tsire-tsire yana da lokaci don acclimatize da kyau.
Tsaba
Za'a iya sayan tsaba a kantin sayar da kwarewa ko karɓa ta kanka. Kafin dasa shuki, suna buƙatar aiwatar da tsari na stratification (hardening), don haka an sanya su cikin firiji don wata daya. Nan da nan kafin dasa shuki, dole a bi da iri tare da wani bayani mai karfi na potassium permanganate.
Ana shuka shuka a farkon spring a cikin wani tanki tare da m duniya substrate, yafa masa ƙasa a 3-4 mm, dan kadan shayar da kuma sanya shi a cikin wani dumi da kuma da-ventilated wuri. Shoots zai bayyana a cikin makonni biyu. Lokacin da farkon zafi, an dasa su a ƙasa mai bude ko kuma a fitar da su cikin gonar tare da tankuna.
Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura cewa wannan hanyar dasawa yana da babban ƙananan - shuka zai yi girma kawai a cikin shekaru biyar. 
Shin kuna sani? Tsire-tsire na ciyawa yana samar da tsaba mai yawa. Alal misali, irin wannan shuka a lokacin rayuwarsa zai iya samar da tsaba fiye da 1,000,000!
Vegetative
Cortaderia ke tsiro sosai, saboda haka matsalolin kada su tashi tare da maye gurbi. Gidan ya rabu bayan raguwa - a karshen hunturu ko farkon lokacin bazara, wanda aka sare shinge na tsire-tsire tare da shears kuma an gaji daji.
Kashi na gaba, kana buƙatar raba shi cikin raguwa daban-daban kuma ƙasa a cikin ramukan da aka shirya.
Don dasa shuki, ƙananan rami suna digging ba fiye da 40 cm a cikin zurfin da nisa lokacin da distance tsakanin seedlings yana da m 1.5 A kasan rami ya zama dole don samar da malalewa daga pebbles ko tsakuwa, kuma don cika taki, takin ko peat. A hankali, ƙoƙari kada ya lalata tushen, shuka shuka a ƙasa. Yayyafa da ƙasa da ruwa da kyau. 
Wintering
Cortaderia sunyi sanyi sosai sosai, amma ba ya son shi a hade tare da tsananin zafi na ƙasa da iska. Saboda haka, domin shuka don tsira da hunturu akai-akai, dole ne a rufe shi da layin busassun ganye da ciyawa.
A tsakiyar kaka, ya kamata a yanke injin ta 30-40 cm ko a daura da igiya. Kusa, rufe murfin abin rufewa tare da Layer kimanin 40 cm a kan rami mai zurfi.
Idan gidan yana cikin yankuna arewacin, yana da kyau don ƙara dakin shuka daga sama tare da fim ko kayan dumi. Wannan zai kare cortaderia a yanayin zafi zuwa -25 ° C.
Matsalolin da suka yiwu a girma
Kamar yadda yake da kowane shuka, kana buƙatar kula da ciyawa na pampas. 
Don haka dole ka san matsalolin da zasu iya haifar da su:
- kar ka manta game da gefen gefen ganye da kuma mai tushe mai karfi, duk kula da pruning ya kamata a yi a hankali da safofin hannu, kuma kada ta dasa tsire-tsire a kusa da ƙafa da filin wasa;
- rage girman kayan ado da kuma rage adadin furanni na iya nuna ƙasa mai yawa;
- inji zai iya mutuwa idan ba a rufe shi ba don hunturu, musamman ma a arewacin yankuna.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don ba cortaderia wani siffar ado, dole ne a yanka shi lokaci-lokaci. Kada ka manta ka yi aiki na musamman tare da safofin hannu, don haka kada ka ciwo tare da gefen gefen ganye.
Kwaro, cututtuka da kuma rigakafi
Cortaderia ba kusan batun kowane cututtuka da kwari ba. Aphid, foda da kuma anthracnose (ganyayyaki) zai iya bayyanawa sosai a kan tsire-tsire. A matsayin magani, ana amfani da magani da tsire-tsire da furotin. 
A cikin zafi da kuma bushe weather, ciyawa za a iya kai hari ta gizo-gizo mite. Don kauce wa wannan, don hana shi a cikin bazara da lokacin rani ana gudanar da layin kwari.
Idan ba za ku iya yanke shawarar yadda za ku yi ado gidanku ba ko ƙasa na shafinku ba dace da duk albarkatu konamental ba, kada ku damu. Cortaderia masu ban sha'awa da kuma kyauta suna ƙawata kowane lambun.
Yana da kyau a matsayin tsire-tsire, kuma a hade tare da sauran hatsi. Kuma za su jawo hankalin dukan baƙi.
