Kayan aikin gona

Ayyuka na fasahar MTZ-1523 tractor, abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani da samfurin

Ba'a kula da irin waɗannan mutane ba, kamar yadda suke cewa, 'yan fashin motocin fasinjoji ko manyan tractors. Amma ba tare da su ba shi yiwuwa a yi la'akari da aikin noma da kuma al'umma. Hanya irin wannan inji yana fadada gaba daya, kuma shirin MTZ ba shi bane. Ka yi la'akari da daya daga cikin shahararren tractors na wannan shuka, watau MTZ-1253.

A bit na halitta tarihin

Matar jirgin duniya MTZ-1523 ne aka gina ta Minsk Tractor Plant. Wannan wakili ne na iyalin Belarus (wato "Belarus-1200").

Masu gaba da wannan samfurin su ne sanannun fasaha MTZ-82 da MTZ-1221.

Amma sun kasance mafi ƙanƙanci ga "goma sha biyar" a cikin halayen iko da halayyar. Wannan kuma ya fito ne daga irin wannan nau'ikan a matsayin nau'i mai nauyin nau'i: an tsara tsarin na 1523 zuwa kashi na 3, yayin da aka sanya 1221 zuwa kashi na 2, kuma an sanya sautin 82 a matsayin mahaɗin 1.4.

A cikin shekarun da aka samar, MTZ-1523 ya zama tushen dalili na dukan iyalin tractors, wanda ya taimaka ta hanyar sabuntawa. Canje-canje sun kasance mafi yawan injiniya. Don haka, a kan inji tare da ƙididdigar 3, 4 da B.3 akwai motors da damar lita 150. Tare da., Da kuma adadi na 5 yana nufin cewa a gaba gare ku - mota da injiniyar 153-horsepower. Bayan ɗan lokaci daga baya, aka shigar da diesel mai shigo da DEUTZ zuwa layi na raka'a.

A cikin shekarar 2014-15 samar da samfurin tare da ƙarin ƙarin fassarar "6", wanda yake da watsawa na hydromechanical (lokaci guda, wannan kumburi ya fara farawa akan "fives") ya karu.

Yana da muhimmanci! Alamar da ke nuna lambobin lambobin sadarwa na mai tarawa da kuma injiniyar yana samuwa a kan bayanan gefe, kusa da motar da ke da dama. Kamar a ƙasa an sanya wani tebur tare da lambar taksi kanta.
Sabbin canje-canje ga na'urar an yi shi a wannan shekara. Suna shafar yanayin yanayin thermal a yayin aiki. Sabbin gyare-gyare sun karbi fihirisar T1, T1.3 da T.3.

Sakamakon ya fito da nasara sosai, kuma bayan an samu ci gaba mai yawa, wani matashi mai girma MTZ-2022 wanda ya kasance a cikin rukuni na 4 ya fara samuwa a kan tushe.

Spectrum of aikin gona

An tsara tarkon tractor duniya don aiwatar da ayyuka masu yawa, wato:

  • nada kowane irin gona;
  • ci gaba da cike da ciwo;
  • preplant ƙasa shiri;
  • shuka hatsi tare da amfani da fadi-aggregates;
  • hadi da kuma spraying;
  • girbi na amfanin gonaki;
  • dagawa da cire ciyawa da bambaro daga filin;
  • aikin sufuri (sufuri na kayan aiki ko trailers tare da kaya).

Don noma gonaki da budurwa, ƙwararrun mai fasahar DT-54 za su zama kyakkyawan zaɓi.

Idan akai la'akari da yiwuwar yin aiki tare da ƙididdigar rassa na musamman da ƙananan gidaje, to lallai MT3-1523 zai iya yin kusan dukkan nau'in aikin aikin.

Shin kuna sani? A lokacin yakin basasa, an yi amfani da tarkon a wasu lokuta tare da raunin tankuna. Ƙididdiga ta shafi tasirin tasiri: irin wannan psevdotanki ya ci gaba da kai hari a cikin duhu, tare da hasken wuta da sirens.
Ana amfani dashi a cikin gandun daji, kayan aiki, da kuma gina.

Bayanan fasaha

Mun juya zuwa cikakken nazarin fasaha na fasaha na wannan samfurin. Bari mu fara da sashin "gabatarwa", wanda ke ba da cikakken ra'ayi game da mahaɗan.

Janar bayanai

  • Nauyin nauyi (kg): 6000;
  • matsakaicin halatta nauyi mai nauyin nauyi (kg): 9000;
  • girman (mm): 4710x2250x3000;
  • Ƙasa (mm): 2760;
  • waƙaran dabarun gaba (mm): 1540-2115;
  • waƙa ta baya (mm): 1520-2435;
  • radius mafi girman mita (m): 5.5;
  • Taya na taya: ƙafafun kafa - 420 / 70R24, ƙafafun baya - 520 / 70R38;
  • Ƙasa kasa (mm): 380;
  • dabarar motar: 4x4;
  • mafi girma gudun (km / h): aiki - 14.9, sufuri - 36.3;
  • gudun gudu a cikin baya (km / h): 2.7-17.1;
  • matsa lamba na ƙasa (kPa): 150.

Ƙara koyo game da halaye na fasaha, kwarewa da kaya na tractors T-30, DT-20, T-150, MTZ-80, K-744, MTZ-892, MTZ 320, K-9000, T-25.

Engine

MTZ-1523 mai tushe shine diesel D-260.1. Wannan injiniya 6-cylinder turbocharged engine. Yana tsaye tare da irin waɗannan bayanai:

  • Volume 7,12 lita;
  • diamita na Silinda / piston bugun jini - 110/125 mm;
  • Yanayin damuwa -15.0;
  • ikon - 148 lita. c.;
  • matsakaici mafi girma - 622 N / m;
  • Rumbun crankshaft (rpm): maras kyau - 2100, m - 800, matsakaicin iyaka - 2275, tare da nauyin nau'i - 1400;
  • sanyaya tsarin - ruwa;
  • tsarin lubrication - hade;
  • nauyi - 700 kg.
Tsarin muhalli: Stage 0/1. D-260.1 engine
Yana da muhimmanci! Gudun tafiya a cikin wani sabon tarakta yana ɗaukar tsawon sa'a 30: ana amfani da rabin rabin wannan lokacin a cikin aikin sufuri, sa'annan an canja shi zuwa aikin filin filin haske ta amfani da GNS (tsarin da aka saka a madaidaiciya). An cire mai sarrafa man fetur na watsawa a kowane sa'a 10.
Wadannan injuna suna sanye da farashin man fetur na kamfanin Motorpal na Czech ko Rashawan man fetur na Yazda. Yanayin ƙararrawa yana sarrafawa ta atomatik ta hanyoyi biyu.

Wasu tractors za a iya shigar a kan wadannan tractors:

  • 150 hp D-260.S1 tare da irin waɗannan halaye. Tabbatacce, akwai bambance-bambance a daidaitattun launi (ba kamar ɗakin basira ba, wannan ya sadu da matsayin Stage II);
  • dan kadan mafi ƙarfin (153 hp.) da haske (650 kg) D-260.S1B3. Mahalli na "haƙuri" - Stage IIIB;
  • D-260.1S4 da D-260.1S2 tare da iyakar matsakaici na 659 Nm;
  • Deutz TCD2012. Wannan kuma madogara ne na 6-cylinder. Amma tare da ƙarami (6 l) girma, yana tasowa aiki mai aiki na lita 150. tare da, yayin da matsakaicin ya riga ya riga ya wuce 178. Don zama da kuma juyawa: ƙananan juzu'i - 730 N / m.
Duk waɗannan na'urori suna tabbatar da su a hakikanin yanayin rayuwa. Koda yake, injiniyar da aka shigo ta samu nasara a cikin ingancin taron kuma dangane da ikon iko, amma a kan D-260 gefen da ƙayyadaddun sa, samuwa na samfur, tabbatarwa, da kuma ɗawainiyar aikin ɗawainiya ta injiniyoyi.

Tankar tankoki da amfani

Ƙarar babban tanadar mai tanadi - 130 l, ƙarin - 120.

Shin kuna sani? Ana iya daukar nauyin supercars Lamborghini a matsayin "magada" na tractors. Kafin kamfanonin motoci, kamfanin mai suna Feruchcho Lamborghini, ya kafa masana'antu don samar da kayan aikin noma da sassanta.
Cikakken cikakken yana da yawa na dogon lokaci: darajar takamaiman man fetur bisa ga fasfo shi ne 162 g / l.s.ch. A cikin ainihin yanayi, inda yawancin ya dogara da daidaitawa da yanayin aiki, wannan adadi zai ƙara ƙaruwa (yawanci ba fiye da 10%) ba. Ya bayyana cewa don matsawa yana yiwuwa a yi ba tare da shan kuɗi ba.

Cab

Gidan da ke dauke da cylindrical glazing yana samar da yanayi na al'ada don aminci. An haɗe shi da ƙuƙwalwar ƙafa kuma yana da murya mai kyau da tsawaitawa (wanda ya bar yawancin da ake so a tsohuwar "Belarus"). Na gode da fitin gilashin, rana tana makanta da kuma tunanin da ya dace, yana da matukar dacewa don aiki.

Samun dama ga sarrafawa na ainihi baya buƙatar shirye-shirye na musamman: dukkan kayan kaya da masu leda suna bayyane, kuma idan ya cancanta, aiki a yanayin baya, wurin zama yana juya digiri 180. Gidan da kanta yana raguwa, matsayi yana daidaitacce a wurare da yawa.

Gurbin takaddama yana da famfo mai auna, kuma motar tayarwar ba ta kayar da na'urorin sarrafawa ba. Ƙarfin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya mai sanyaya yana da cikakke da igiyoyin samar da wutar lantarki, har ma da shinge da ƙugiyoyi.

Yana da muhimmanci! An sanya gunki na fitilu 5 a kan kwamiti na kayan aiki.
An samar da kyakkyawar ganuwa ba kawai ta madubin rediyo ba, amma har ma da gilashi na gaba da baya tare da "wipers".

A matsayin wani zaɓi, ana iya shigar da kwandishan (ana ba da wutar lantarki a matsayin kayan aiki na musamman).

Ana aikawa

MTZ-1523 yana da nau'i-nau'i mai nau'i mai sauƙi. Alamar rufewa. Hakan yana ingantawa da kuma karfafa shi ta hanyar mai sarrafa wutar lantarki. Akwatin gear, dangane da sanyi, yana da matakai 4 ko 6. Mafi shahararren shine zaɓi na farko, aiki a kan tsari 16 + 8 (16 hanyoyi don matsawa gaba da 8 - don juyawa). 6-gudunmuwar Jamusanci ZF tana da mafi girma: 24 + 12. Gaskiya ne, an saka shi don kuɗi.

Ƙarƙashin ikon da aka ɗauka a baya yana da zaman kanta, 2-gudun. An tsara don juyayi hanyoyi na 540 ko 1000 rpm. Pentin gaban yana samuwa a matsayin wani zaɓi. Yana da gudunmawa ɗaya da "juyawa" a cikin 1000 n / min.

Kayayyakin kayan lantarki

An tsara kwamiti akan kan kwamfutar lantarki mai aiki na 12 V da kuma janareta na 1.15 ko 2 kW (duk ya dogara da ƙayyadaddun tsari). A farawa, an kunna tsarin 24 V (a 6 kW).

Batir biyu da aka haɗa a layi daya suna da damar 120 Ah kowane.

Shin kuna sani? Kowace shekara (tun 1998), Trattori na Italiya tana riƙe da ƙwararrun Tractor na Year, wanda ya ƙayyade wane tsarin zamani shine mafi kyawun tsarin zane da amfani.
Lokacin da ya zama dole don haɗi masu amfani a cikin nau'i-nau'i na ɓoye, ana amfani da kwasfan haɗin don 9 lambobin sadarwa.

Mai sarrafawa

A cikin tsarin kula da hydrovolume akwai pumps guda biyu: daya da yake samar da wutar lantarki (tare da ƙarar "16" cubes "a lokacin) da kuma mai ba da kyauta (a 160 cc / rev).

Sashen na inji ya ƙunshi nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i daban daban biyu da ƙugiya.

Brakes

A kan wannan samfurin, sune na 3-diski, suna aiki a cikin wanka mai. Suna aiki ne a baya kuma a kan ƙafafun gaba (ta hanyar motsi) sannan kuma irin waɗannan nauyin suna wakiltar su:

  • ma'aikacin;
  • aiki a kan ƙafafun ƙafafun;
  • babban filin ajiye motoci;
  • filin ajiye motoci a kan ƙafafun.
Kayan ajiye motoci, yana da kullun kayan sarrafawa yana da motsi mai mahimmanci. Kayan shinge na motsawar motar ta motsa shi tare da kulawar kwakwalwa.

Gangaren gaba da na baya

An yi amfani da mahimmin motsi na nau'in katako bisa ga tsarin hada kai ta hanyar amfani da kwakwalwar katako na duniya da kuma rufe kwayoyin halitta da aka rufe. Zane-tsalle - nau'i biyu.

Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin tafiya a hanya, an bada shawara don musayar ƙirar magunguna na gaba: wannan zai ragu da lalacewar taya da kuma sassa na wannan sashin.
Ana sarrafawa ta hanyar ƙaddamarwa tare da haɓaka da asusun EGU. An tsara gada don matsayi uku: a kan, a yanayin yanayin tilasta aiki da kuma aiki na haɗawa ta atomatik (idan akwai ƙafafun baya).

Ginin da ke baya yana kuma sanye da "planetary". Babban kayan gefe yana da nau'i kamar yadda yake a cikin akwati na gaba - wani ɓangaren kwaskwarima yana nuna juyawa zuwa gearbox tare da taimakon gefen gefe biyu. Kulle daban.

Chassis, tsarin gyaran lantarki da GNS

Chassis MTZ-1523 ya hada da:

  • Semi-frame tare da m dakatarwa;
  • gaba da baya. A lokacin da hawa spacers gaske cimma twinning raya ƙafafun.
Tsarin lantarki girma na 35 lita an sanye take da wani kaya famfo. Wannan yana iya zama kumburi mai suna D-3, UKF-3 ko NSh 32-3. Dukansu suna da nau'ikan halaye guda ɗaya:

  • aiki girma na 32 cu. cm;
  • yawan aiki ne 55 l / min;
  • aiki matsa lamba - har zuwa 20 MPa.
STS - bambantaccen ɗalibai, tare da ɓangaren Bosch. An tsara wannan kullin ɓangare 3 don aiki a cikin matsayi 4. Babban abinda ke cikin na'urarsa shine:

  • gudummawar gudana;
  • spool regulator (electrohydraulics).
Hanya na gaba (zaɓi) da aka yi a cikin nau'i na cylinders, da baya kuma suna da nau'i na takalma tare da 4 hanyoyi.

Tsarin lantarki na lantarki na na'urar raya baya (RLL) da masu amfani da ƙaya na BELARUS-1523 sun hada da tank din mai (1) tare da damar lita 35 tare da tace 20 micron (2) mai ginawa; gefe famfo (3) tare da drive mai sauƙi (4); (5), wanda ya kunshi sashe 3 rarraba (LS) 6 tare da kula da manhaja, ambaliya (aminci) valve 7, elektrotrogidraelichvevy regulator (EHR) 8. biyu cylinders na RLL (9), hoses da hoses.

Ana gudanar da EHR daga na'ura mai kwakwalwa 10 Hanya yana sarrafawa ta hanyar siginar maɓalli na sakonni: matsayi (11), iko (12) da mai sarrafa microprocessor 13. aiwatar da algorithm da aka kayyade.

A matsakaicin matsayi na gajiyoyi 14. daga mai rarraba 6 da EHR, man daga fitilar 3 yana gudana ta wurin kwandon ruwa mai zurfi 7 a cikin tankin mai ta wurin tafin drain (2).

Lokacin shigar da asalin 14 na mai rarraba a matsayi na aiki (lifting, lowering) man fetur daga famfo ya shiga cikin manyan kamfanonin aikin gona.

RLL (15) ana sarrafawa ta mai sarrafawa (EHR) (8) tare da iko na lantarki.Ya ƙunshi baƙon da ke kewayewa (16). (17) da kuma rage bashi (18), mai sarrafawa ta hanyar lantarki na lantarki (19). A yanayin sarrafawa ta atomatik na RLL, dangane da tsarin sarrafawa wanda mai aiki a cibiyar kulawa ya zaba ta, tsarin yana baka damar kula da matsayi na musamman na aikin noma, tabbatar da ƙarfin motsi, inganta yanayin haɓaka ta ƙungiyar ta hanyar canja wurin ɓangare na nauyin aiwatarwa zuwa ƙafafun motar.

A wannan yanayin, siginonin lantarki na mai aikawa (2) na matsayi (11) da kuma na'urorin wutar lantarki 2 (12) sun shigar da mai sarrafa microprocessor kuma an kwatanta da sigina da aka ba da mai aiki a kan kwamandan kulawa (10).

Idan waɗannan sigina basu dace ba, mai sarrafa (13) yana haifar da aikin sarrafawa ɗaya daga cikin manyan nau'i biyu (19) na EHR. wanda, a gefe guda, ta hanyar lantarki na lantarki cylinders 9, yana gudanar da wani mataki na gyara a kan shimfiɗar kayan aiki a sama ko kasa, ta haka ne karfafa yanayin matsayin aiwatarwa da kuma juriya.

Karin fasali

Kamar yadda zabin mai sayarwa ya ba da irin waɗannan nau'ukan da kuma tsarin:

  • Gabatarwa;
  • Alamar ta atomatik;
  • gaban gaba;
  • Zarjin zF (24 + 12);
  • Ballast na gaba da yayi har zuwa 1025 kg;
  • wani saiti don ƙafafun ƙafafun (gaba da baya);
  • karin wuraren zama;
  • kwandishan.
Shin kuna sani? A ranar 25 ga Yuni, 2006, an rubuta rikodin adadin tractors da ke aiki a filin daya a filin da ke kusa da asalin Birtaniya Hallavington. Masu shirya sun hada da kayan aiki guda 2141.
Daga abin da aka haifa, inji kanta kanta ke samar da shinge don noma iri daban-daban.

Amma game da haɗuwa da wasu nau'o'in, jerin su suna da girma, kusan duk abin da za a iya haɗuwa da mai tarawa - daga noma ga dumping trailer, daga cultivator zuwa taki taki (ba a ambaci harrows da rollers).

Ƙarfi da raunana

Kwarewar da direbobi da injiniyoyi suka karu sun nuna ƙarfin MTZ-1523 da "cututtuka" na al'ada. Abubuwan da ake ganewa na duniya a cikin jirgin saman Minsk sune:

  • abin dogara da iko;
  • man fetur mai amfani da mai amfani;
  • gaban a cikin zane na yawan adadin kayan da aka shigo da shi;
  • gida mai dadi da yiwuwar yin juyawa don aiki a yanayin sakewa;
  • dacewa tare da manyan injin aikin gona;
  • aiki tare da yawan adadin kayan da aka sanya da kuma trailed;
  • kyau inganta inganci;
  • A ƙarshe, farashi mai mahimmanci, wanda, tare da tare da samuwa na kayan kayan tsabta da tsayin daka mai mahimmanci ya sa wannan na'ura ya zama mai kyau ga mai aiki.
Yana da muhimmanci! Domin sabon ƙaya zai yi aiki na shekaru masu yawa, har zuwa TO-1 (125 hours), ana amfani da wutar lantarki har zuwa 80% na darajarta.
Wannan tarakta yana da abubuwan da ya dace kamar:

  • lakaɗɗen jigilar kayan hawan gilashi (kuma, ba zai yiwu ba don samun gyara kit);
  • ƙara ci gaba da cikewar kai tsaye da kuma kunnen doki;
  • Man fetur na man fetur daga cikin injiniya (sau da yawa ba sa rike gashin gas);
  • Rashin wutar man fetur mai gujewa a kan shinge;
  • Abun haɗin zumunta a yanayin mu shine kiyaye nau'ikan da na'urorin Deutz - suna aiki yadda ya dace, amma idan akwai sauye-gyare na sassa ya haifar da kima.
Bayan ya haɓaka duk wadata da kwarewa, yana da sauƙi don tabbatar da cewa MTZ-1523 yana da kyau ta hanyar tsarin gida, na'ura na duniya da yawa da dama da kuma zane-zane. Amma wani lokacin marar jirgin zai iya haifar da matsala da aka haɗu da ƙungiyoyi maras kyau.

A yanzu ka san abin da wannan tarkon zai iya, kuma a cikin ma'anar kalmomi za ka iya tunanin na'urar. Da fatan, waɗannan bayanai zasu taimaka wajen ƙayyade kayan aikin gona, kuma sun sayi "Belarus" zai zama mataimakiyar mai taimako. Girgiran rikodi da ƙananan raguwa a filin!

Amsawa daga masu amfani da cibiyar sadarwa

An yi magana akan wayar tare da mutum game da 1523. Yana da shekaru 4. Ya ce da matsala kamar haka: - injiniya, motsa jiki, kaya - duk abin yana aiki lafiya. Wani raunin rauni wanda ake kira da hannayen riga, wanda ya karya bayan shekaru uku na aikin. Wani irin hannayen da ban san ba saboda fasaha na fasaha. Ya zama a 1221 ma.
Gennady_86
//fermer.ru/comment/766435#comment-766435

Mahaifina ya sami sabon MTZ 1523 kuma yayi aiki a kai tsawon shekaru uku. Raguwa ya fara kusan nan da nan. Akwai matsalolin matsaloli tare da kaya (sutura a cikin akwati yana cike da man fetur lita 50). To, bayan haka akwai matsalolin da suka shafi matsalolin da suka tayar da kai a kan motar motar da kuma kullum a cikin shekaru 2 da suka wuce ba suyi wani abu ba tare da injiniya kuma sunada kawunansu, sun maye gurbin piston daya, da dai sauransu ... Kuma na yi shiru game da kananan abubuwa. Резина вышла из строя на втрой год - вся полополась. ИЗ партий в 10 штук МТЗ 1523 проблемы были у всех тракторов. Основные проблемы - это двигатель и коробка передач.Ko da yake zan lura da kwarewan wannan samfurin - gida mai dadi kuma mai ɗorewa (wanda ya yi aiki a Belarusiya tare da karamin gida), mai sauƙin jagorancin (zaka iya sarrafa yatsan daya). To, a game da fursunoni, Na yi shiru har yanzu. Yanzu tarkon yana da darajarta, suna jira don a samar da sabon injin.
krug777
//fermer.ru/comment/860065#comment-860065