Delphinium (Larkspur, Spur) shine tsire-tsire na shekara-shekara da keɓaɓɓu na dangin Lyutikov.
Kasashen Afirka da Asiya. Yana da nau'ikan 400.
Bayanin da fasali na delphinium
Mafi yawa tsayi a tsaye shuka tare da karfi da dissected ganye. Speciesarancin mai tsayi kawai.
Furanni sau da yawa sun ƙunshi sepals 5, ɗayan ɗayan an nada shi a cikin nau'i na mazugi da kuma ɗan ɗanɗano, wanda yayi kama da spur. A tsakiyar akwai peephole, ya bambanta da babban fure, yawanci duhu. Inflorescences na duka tabarau.
Ana amfani da fasalin ferns a cikin shimfidar wuri mai faɗi, yana rufe wuraren da ba a sani ba akan shafin ko a bayan fage. Ya yi kyau kuma a cikin keɓewa kaɗai, alal misali, a tsakiyar Lawn.
Babban nau'ikan da nau'ikan delphinium
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan halitta, al'adun gargajiya da nau'in delphinium. Suna shekara-shekara (kusan nau'in 40) da perennial (kimanin 300).
Kwafin shekara-shekara
Annuals suna daɗaɗɗa da wuri fiye da perennials (Yuli), yana ci gaba da yin fure har ƙarshen Satumba.
| Dubawa | Bayanin | Bar | Furanni |
| Filin | Bugun kafa, kafaffun, pubescent, har zuwa 80 cm. | Sau uku tare da hannun jari. | Har zuwa 4 cm na duka tabarau na shuɗi, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin buroshi tare da masu lanƙwasa har zuwa 2.5 cm. |
| Babban | Har zuwa 3 m, kafa, mai jure sanyi. | Gudun fata, dabino, kore, 15 cm, zagaye. | M, ultramarine, har guda 60, tare da buɗe hanzari. |
| Manyan furanni | Bugun kafa, kafaffun, pubescent, har zuwa 80 cm. | Sau uku tare da hannun jari. | Har zuwa 4 cm na duka tabarau na shuɗi, waɗanda aka tattara a cikin buroshi tare da masu lanƙwasa har zuwa 2.5 cm. |
| Ajax | Har zuwa 110 cm, madaidaiciya, an saka su. | Sedentary, sosai disseed. | Launuka daban-daban. |
Perennial delphinium: New Zealand da sauransu
Perennial delphiniums sune hybrids da aka samo ta hanyar ƙetare amfanin gona na shekara-shekara. Suna da inuwa fiye da 800.
Furen furanni da sauƙi, tsayi ya dogara da iri-iri.
| Dubawa | Bayanin | Bar | Furanni |
| New Zealand | Shuke-shuke 2 m. Dusar ƙanƙara, mai tsaurin cuta. Yi amfani da yankan. Iri: Giant, Roxolana. | Shayar da ganye kore. | Terry, Semi-terry (kusan 9 cm). |
| Belladonna | Tsayin cm 90. Wani lokacin yakanyi fure sau biyu a shekara. Iri: Piccolo, Balaton, Lord Battler. | Green, daga sassan 7. | Blue, purple inflorescences daga kananan 5 cm furanni. |
| Pacific | Tall, ciyawa, har zuwa 150 cm. Iri: Lancelot, Jay Jay, Skye bazara. | Babban, zuciya-mai siffa, disseed. | 5 sepals, 4 cm, indigo, tare da ido na baki. |
| Scottish | Har zuwa 1.5 m, madaidaiciya. Iri: Flamenco, Moonlight, Crystal Shine. | Yankewa, babba. | Super-wide, sama da furanni sittin na duk launuka na bakan gizo, goge har zuwa 80 cm. |
| Kyawawan kyau | 1.8 m, kafa, pubescent, ganye. | Palmate, dissected cikin 5 sassa, Dentate. | Blue, petals 2 cm, mai yawa, tsakiyar baƙar fata, goge mai kauri. |
| Marta | Kayan ado, daskararre, mai tsayi. Iri: Morpheus, yadin da aka saka launin shuɗi, Rana mai ruwan hoda, Dusar ƙanƙara. | Manyan, duhu. | Semi-biyu, babba tare da haske mai haske |
Shuka delphinium daga tsaba: lokacin shuka
Tsarin Delphinium yakan rasa saurin su sosai da sauri, saboda haka waɗanda aka siya a wasu lokutan ba sa yin shuka ba kwata-kwata.
Yawancin lambu sun fi son tattara tsaba sannan kuma suka fitar da tsiro daga gare su.
- Kafin dasa, ana ajiye su a cikin firiji.
- Za'ayi shuka ne a watan Fabrairu.
- Dasa kayan yana lalata gurbataccen abu ta hanyar sanya shi a cikin ruwan hoda na manganese na rabin sa'a ko a bi da shi tare da shirye-shiryen fungicidal.
- Wanke tare da ruwan sanyi. Ana kula da shi tare da haɓakar mai saurin tsawan sa'o'i 24.
- An shirya cakuda ƙasa daga peat, ƙasa lambun, humus da yashi, a cikin rabo na 2: 2: 2: 1.
- Calcined ƙasa ya hallaka pathogens da sako spores.
- Ana kula da kwantena daga ƙananan abubuwa ta hanyar guda ɗaya kamar tsaba, cike da ƙasa.
- Ana shuka iri na Delphinium a farfajiya. Suna barci da ƙasa a santimita 1.5. M kasar gona. A hankali ruwa da dasa.
- Sun rufe shi da filastik kunshin, gilashin ko spanbond, sannan kuma tare da kayan rufe duhu wanda ba ya watsa haske.
- Sanya kwalaye da tsaba a kan windowsill. Yawan zafin jiki + 10 ... +15 ºC.
- Don haɓaka germination, ana ɗaukar ɗaukar nauyi, ɗaukar tsire-tsire zuwa baranda da aka rufe don kwanaki 14. Mayar da kwalaye zuwa windowsill.
- Lokaci-lokaci ku duba tukwane. Idan ƙasa ta bushe, feshi. Idan rigar, bar iska ta hana yin birgima.
- Bayan makonni 1-2, bayan bayyanar farkon harbe, an cire kayan kariya, suna bawa tsire-tsire damar samun haske.
- A lokacin da 3 gaskiya ganye bayyana, da seedlings an thinned fita. Wucin tsire-tsire ana watsa shi cikin tukwane tare da diamita na 9 cm.
- Sau ɗaya a mako ko kuma lokacin da ake shayar da busasshiyar ƙasa, guje wa ruwa.
- A lokacin haɓaka seedling, sau ɗaya kowace kwanaki 14, ana yin miya da kayan ma'adinai a ƙasa.
A cikin makon farko na Mayu, ana sanya tsire-tsire a kan loggia glazed, an saka shi cikin wuri mai haske. Lokaci-lokaci, baranda tana samun iska ta zama iska ta saba da seedlings zuwa iska mai kyau.
Idan akwatunan furanni sun riga sun kasance a ƙasar, ana sanya su kusa da bango mai dumi kuma an rufe su da spanbond. A ƙarshen bazara, ana canja jigilar shuka don buɗe ƙasa ta hanyar jigilar abubuwa don kada a share tushen kwallon.
Dabbar dolphinium a cikin ƙasa buɗe
Kafin dasawa, suna shirya ƙasa ta hanyar tono da gabatar da humus ko taki. Don haka sanya rami rami a nesa na 80 cm, sa takin mai magani a cikinsu, misali, ammonium nitrate.
Tsire-tsire suna kwanciyar hankali daga tukwane, ƙoƙarin kada su lalata tushen sa. Shayar, ciyawa kasar gona da sawdust ko ciyawa bushe.
Don mafi dacewa mai dacewa, an ɗaura su da tallafi. 3 sanduna don kowane daji suna kaifi kuma an tura su cikin ƙasa fiye da tushen sa. Ieulla da ba m m ribbons ko masana'anta.
Ba'a amfani da waya, saboda yana iya lalata mai tushe na furanni.
Dabbar Dolphin
Ana kula da fern, har ma da sauran furanni. Lokaci-lokaci sassauta kasar gona, cire ciyawa. Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka kai tsayi sama da 30 cm, bushes ɗin ya karye, ya bar mafi ƙarfi mai tushe. Ana raunana marasa ƙarfi, kuma an yanke itace daga wasu kuma ana haɓaka. Tsarin cire harbe mai rauni yana ba ku damar bar iska ta shiga daji don guje wa kamuwa da cuta tare da launin toka da fusarium. Sannan suna ɗaure shi bayan cm 40. Rage shi kowane mako, yana zubo bulo 3 na ruwa. To, lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe, aka zube shi.
Ana bincika Delphinium lokaci-lokaci don cututtuka, kamar yadda mildew powdery na iya bayyana a lokacin bazara.
Don guje wa matsaloli suna yin takin potash da phosphorus, fungicides.
Delphinium bayan fure
Don cimma daidaitaccen fure na shekara-shekara daga shuka, ana dasa tsire-tsire, an fitar da shi kuma a sake samun sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3.
A lokacin kaka, bayan rawaya ganye, an yanke keɓaɓɓen, yana barin 30 cm na mai tushe. An rufe wannan yanki da yumbu ko ash domin kada ruwa ya shiga cikin ramuka mai kauri na mai tushe. Karancin ruwan sanyi dake iya jurewa.
Kiwon dabbar dolphinium
Iri na shekara-shekara suna karɓar seedlings. Ana iya yadu da perennials ta hanyar yanke ko rarraba daji.
Yankan
Yanke tare da diddige an yanke, an kula da sashi tare da korin stimulator na Kornevin ko Zircon. An shirya cakuda yashi da peat a cikin akwatunan saukarwa. Sanya sanduna a wani kusurwa zuwa farfajiyar ƙasa, sanyaya ƙasa kuma rufe da fim ko kayan rufe. Yankan ya zama tushen har mako shida. Kuma a sa'an nan suka jira wani kwanaki 14 da kuma dasa da sprouted shuke-shuke a cikin gadaje fure.
Raba Bush
Ku ciyar a watan Agusta. Don rarrabuwa, an zaɓi bushes na shekaru huɗu. An haƙa su da yanka da wuƙaƙan wuka. Yankin da aka yayyafa shi da ash ko haɓakar mai haɓaka. Sannan suka tono shi a cikin wani wuri na dindindin, suna kiyaye ka'idodin dasa.
Mr. Dachnik yayi kashedin: cututtukan delphinium da yakar su
Tare da kulawa mai kyau da yanayin yanayi mai kyau, fern yana faranta maigidansa da ciyawar lush.
Amma akwai wasu lokuta lokacin da ganye rawaya ko aibobi suka bayyana akan tsire, yakan bushe. Sannan an bincika fure don cututtukan da kuma bi da su.
- Astral jaundice ke ɗaukar kwari. An cire tsire-tsire marasa lafiya.
- Hankalin ringi. Akwai mutuwar ganye da tsinkayi girma. A daji, an cire kwari da ke ɗauke da cutar da ganyayyaki da suka shafa.
- Black spotting tasowa a cikin sanyi damp weather. An lalata sassan mara lafiya, a cikin kaka suna cire datti a kusa da shuka.
- Kwayar cuta za ta haifar da lalata fata na ƙananan ɓangarorin kara, samuwar gamsai. Rikita daga shuka iri da bai dace ba. Kafin germination, ana sa tsaba a cikin ruwan zafi.
