Kabeji - babban kayan lambu a kan tebur Rashatare da dankali. A cewar masana'antu, kabeji yana daya daga cikin manyan kayan da ke cike da abinci mai kyau.
Kabeji ruwan 'ya'yan itace zai iya maganin cututtuka masu yawa, a hankali ya inganta bayyanar, saboda nau'in abun ciki ba kawai bitamin ba, har ma ma'adanai.
Kyakkyawan uwannin gida za su dafa abinci mai yawa mai dadi. Saboda haka da namo a gonar - yana da tabbacin cin abinci lafiya domin dukan shekara ta gaba.
Abubuwan da ake amfani da su daga noma
Kabeji, har ma da farkon iri, a cikin ƙasa bude ya fara ta Agusta. Hanyar Hothouse na namo zai ba ka damar samun sabon amfanin gona a Yuni - farkon Yuli. Yana da kyau a cikin cewa yana yiwuwa a tsara yawan zazzabi da tsawanta rana idan ya cancanta, wanda zai haifar da sakamako mai kyau a kan girma da ripening da kabeji.
Shuka seedlings a cikin wani greenhouse, Har ila yau fiye da dadi don wannan dalili. A wani lokaci na girma, yana buƙatar yanayi daban-daban na yanayin zafin jiki, wanda yake da wuya a samar a gida. Kyakkyawan tsirrai - wannan alama ce mai girbi mai kyau. Yadda zaka shuka kabeji a cikin greenhouse, la'akari da kasa.
Game da wasu gonar gonar da za a iya girma a cikin greenhouse, koyi akan shafin yanar gizonmu.
Daban kabeji
Ta duk asusun, a cikin greenhouse mafi alhẽri ga girma da wuri iri kabeji. Ba za a iya amfani da su ba kawai a salads da dafa abinci ba, amma har ma m. Kafar farin fari - "Dietmar da wuri." Yana bada na farko girbi a cikin kwanaki 50-70 bayan seedlings ana shuka su ne.
A zagaye, ɗan gajeren launin kai zai iya auna har zuwa 1.5 kg. Zaka iya cire har zuwa 40 kilogiram daga mita mita 10. m. Mafi na kowa iri-iri a greenhouses lambu.
Yawan iri iri na "Hectare 1432" ba ya dafa kuma yana da dadi sosai. Ripens a cikin kwanaki 105-130 bayan karan farko ya bayyana. Shugabannin kabeji da farin launi da kuma girma zuwa 3 kg. Ya dace da salads, zafi dafa abinci da fermentation.
Girbiyar amicable ta ba da iri iri "K-206" na farko, wanda aka shirya don girbi a cikin kwanaki 100-120 bayan na farko da harbe. Yawan aiki zuwa 40 kg / 10 sq. m, cabbages kimanin kilo 2. Zaku iya karɓa da farkon matasan iri kabeji, masu shayarwa daga kasashen waje - Dutch, French, Polish, da dai sauransu.
Dasa da kulawa
Shuka kabeji a cikin greenhouse har ma mabukaci ne kayan lambu. Kayan fasaha na girma kabeji da wuri a cikin greenhouse ba rikitarwa ba ne. Ya isa ya bi dokoki kuma ya san wasu kwarewa na kula da shi. A lokacin da shuka kabeji a kan seedlings a greenhouse?
A cikin greenhouse, ana shuka tsaba a Fabrairu, a cikin greenhouse Ana dasa shuka a tsakiyar Afrilu. Wasu, mashawarta mafi ƙarfin, sun shuka tsaba a watan Disamban, suna kammala seedlings tare da kayan jiki, yayin karbar girbi a farkon Yuni.
Tsaba
Ko da a cikin greenhouse kabeji ana girma ne kawai daga seedlings. Yadda zaka shuka seedlings na farkon kabeji a greenhouse? Don samun kyawawan seedlings, kana buƙatar ka zabi dama kuma dasa tsaba. Zabi ya zama mafi girma da duhu.
Dasa tsaba
Zai fi kyau shuka tsaba don seedlings a kan gada mai tururi ko greenhouses. Lokacin da girma kabeji seedlings a cikin greenhouse, mafi sau da yawa suna amfani da man fetur. Don shirya tudun tururi, kana bukatar a cikin ƙasa tono kirkira zuwa zurfin 30 cm kuma 100-120 cm fadi. Naman daji yana dage farawa a kasa, an rufe shi daga ƙasa. Don seedlings mafi kyau dace substrate na daidai sassa na turf ƙasar, peat da yashi.
Tsarin abinci
Yadda zaka shuka kabeji seedlings a cikin unheated greenhouse ko a karkashin fim? A cikin ƙasa mai tsanani zuwa 20 ° C, ana shuka tsaba a zurfin 1 cm. An kafa hoton da fim mai tsawo na 30 cm a saman. Na farko harbe hatch bayan kwanaki 4Wannan yana nufin cewa yana yiwuwa a bude greenhouse a lokacin rana don hardening seedlings. Watering da seedlings ba a bada shawarar duk da haka. Bayan bayyanar takardar farko, zazzabi za a tashe ta 2-3 ° C har zuwa 10-12 ° C.
Lokacin da farkon 1-2 ganye fito yana buƙatar fitar da bakin ciki kuma fara aiki watering da kuma ciyar da seedlings. A lokacin ci gabanta ciyar sau 3.
A karo na farko ana ciyar da shi tare da cakuda phosphate, potash da nitrogen da takin mai magani, a karo na biyu - kawai tare da nitrogen, da kuma na uku - kafin dasa shuki seedlings a cikin greenhouse - sake ciyar da nitrogen-potassium-phosphorus cakuda. Ana yin watering kowace rana..
Tashi seedlings a cikin greenhouse
Abu mafi muhimmanci - seedlings - kun riga kuka girma. Akwai 'yan kaɗan, manyan ayyuka a baya. Kafin dasa shuki seedlings a cikin greenhouse, shirya kasar gona. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a samar da greenhouse tare da ƙarin fitilu fitilu.
Growing kabeji seedlings a cikin wani polycarbonate greenhouse, hanyar tabbatarwa don ƙirƙirar yanayi mafi kyau, wanda shine ƙara samun karɓuwa a tsakanin lambu da lambu.
Ƙasa
Cabbage wata shuka ce da ke son ruwa mai yawa, don haka ƙasa don ita dole ne mai tsabta, rike da ruwa. Zai fi kyau fara farawa da shi a cikin fall - yadda za a zana shi, ba kasa da a bayonet ba, a lokaci guda yin taki. Zai iya zama takin humus ko taki da kuma ma'adinai. Kabeji ba ya son alakar acidic, sabili da haka, idan ya cancanta, a cikin fall kuna bukatar ku ciyar liming.
Ba shi yiwuwa a shuka kabeji a wannan ƙasa a kowace shekara. Ya kamata a girmama mutunyar gonain ba haka ba ba za ku samu girbi mai kyau ba.
Mafi kyawun wanda zai kasance shi ne cucumbers, dankali, albasa, ko legumes, bayan da yawa abubuwa masu amfani sun kasance a ƙasa.
Dasa seedlings
Canji a cikin gine-gine yana faruwa a lokacin da sprouts suna da rassa 4, yana da karfi kuma yana da green-mauve. Idan sprouts suna haske a launi, wannan yana nuna raunin su da rashin yarda ga dashi.
Bayan 'yan kwanaki kafin a yi watsi da shi seedlings bukatar dan wuya. Don yin wannan, a cikin ganyayyaki zafin rana zai sauko zuwa 16-18 ° C, dare - zuwa 12 ° C. Har ila yau, ana yin aired a kai a kai. Zai fi dacewa da tsira da shuka ta hanyar tayar da hankali, ba tare da girgiza wani tsauri daga cikin tushen ba don kada ya lalata su. An yi rami a cikin ƙasa, ana zuba shi da ruwa da taki.
Wani sapling yana nutsewa cikin rami, ƙasa a kusa da shi tana da tsalle, wanda ya tabbatar iyakar lambar sadarwa tare da ƙasa. Tsakanin tsire-tsire ya kamata ya kasance nesa na akalla minti 30. Ya kamata a fara yin watsi da kabeji a mako guda bayan dasa, lokacin da aka dasa su da kyau.
Kula
Kula da kabeji a cikin gine-gine shine watering na yau da kullum, sassauta ƙasa, ciyar da kiyaye yawan zafin jiki da hasken haske. Cabbage yana da haske-bukataHasken rana don ta ya kamata ya zama awa 14-17. Idan ya cancanta, dole ne a yi dosvechivat.
Ana kiyaye yawan zazzabi don girma da maturation a 16-20 ° C. Da zarar cikin mako biyu kabeji ciyar da tare da narkar da taki. Da ake buƙatar zafi - 70-80%, watering ya zama na yau da kullum da kuma yawan.
Irin kabeji
Tsarin kabeji, ko da yake yana riƙe da jagora, ba har yanzu ba ne kawai. Yanzu a gidajen Aljannah zaka iya ganin gadaje tare da broccoli, Beijing da farin kabeji. Su ma za a iya ci gaba da girma a cikin wani greenhouse.
Beijing
M letas - Beijing - farkon, ta za a iya tattara bayan kwanaki 40-80 bayan fitowar harbe. Yanayin noma a cikin greenhouse na Beijing kabeji sune: yawan zafin jiki na 16-18 ° C, ƙasa mai kyan gani.
Harbe suna bayyana a zafin jiki na 20 ° C, to, an rage shi zuwa 10 ° C. Tsire-tsire suna girma na kwana 20 a zafin rana rana na 22 ° C da rana - 16 ° C. 20-day seedlings transplanted a cikin greenhouse.
An dasa shi sau da yawa a cikin wani greenhouse tare da cucumbers da tumatir a matsayin "shinge". An yi la'akari da kwarewa a matsayin kabeji mai matsakaici wanda yayi kimanin 300 g. zaka iya tara har zuwa 8 kg daga 1 square. m.
Broccoli
Kwanan nan, masu aikin gina jiki sun yi gargadin cewa sun hada da broccoli a cikin abincin. Wasu kira shi "kayan sake" kayan lambu don abubuwan da ke cikinsa na methionine da choline, suna gargadin tara a jiki na "mummunan" cholesterol. Hanyoyin abubuwa masu mahimmanci da kuma bitamin suna sanya shi samfuri mai mahimmanci akan teburin mu.
Hanyar girma broccoli a cikin wani ganyayyaki ba dan wuya fiye da yawancin kabeji ba. Ana iya shuka shi da tsaba a cikin greenhouse a watan Maris (yana da sanyi sosai). Tsaba germinate kyakkyawa da sauri., kuma a cikin 10-12 days da seedlings riga da 3-4 ganye.
Yanayin yanayin zafi - 18 ° C a rana da 12 ° C - daren. An shirya ƙasa a cikin kaka - an haƙa shi da kuma samuwa da superphosphate, kwayoyin halitta, ammonium nitrate da potassium salts, idan ya cancanta shi ne lemun tsami.
Ƙarin kulawa yana santarwa, weeding da zurfin ruwa (ba kasa da 40 cm) ba. Kafin furanni furanni yana da muhimmanci don yanke manyan kawunawadanda suka yi girma zuwa kimanin 10-12 cm a diamita, yayin da suke sutura 10 cm na tushe.
Harsuna da tsintsi suna da kyau sosai, amma idan sun kara girma, zasu zama masu yalwacewa. Farawa zai ba da damar yara su yi girma - ƙananan ƙuƙwalwa har zuwa 6 cm.
A canza launin
Yana da mafi mahimmanci kulawa kabeji. Amma yana da sauƙi don shuka shi a cikin wani greenhouse fiye da wani fili filin, saboda za ka iya ƙirƙirar mafi kyau zazzabi da kuma zafi mulki. Yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa da iska kada ya wuce 16-18 ° C, kuma zafi ya zama babban. Idan ba a sadu da waɗannan ka'idoji ba, kansa zai rasa yawa kuma zai fara crumble. Dole ne a yi amfani da greenhouse akai-akai.
Akwai siffofin da kuma a saman dressing farin kabeji. Farin kabeji a cikin wani greenhouse ba ya jure wa nitrogen da potash da takin mai magani. Kyakkyawan abun da ke ciki zai zama mullein jiko tare da Bugu da kari na superphosphate, potassium sulfate da urea. Ga na biyu ciyar a wannan abun da ke ciki dole ammonium molybdate an kara da cewa da kuma boric acid.
Wani zaiyi tunanin cewa matsala mai yawa da ƙoƙari dole ne a yi amfani da shi wajen shuka girbi mai kyau na kabeji a cikin greenhouse. Amma yarda da haka girma farashin farkon kabeji a cikin greenhouse ya cancancisabõda haka, a farkon watanni na rani akwai sabon kabeji cike da bitamin, kabeji mai dadi a cikin farantin. Duk nasarar da duk abin da kuke so!
Bayani mai amfani a bidiyo:
