Masu mallakar gonar da ɗakunan rani dole ne su riƙa tunani game da abin da amfanin gona na fure zai kasance cikin jituwa tare da lambun furen da aka riga aka kafa da kuma yadda za a tsara furen asetradization domin tsirrai su faranta ido a duk tsawon lokacin. A wannan halin, furanni masu perennial - kayan taimako suna taimakawa. Wadannan ƙananan tsaran tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki amma abin mamakin, saboda nau'ikan su, zasu canza shafin, suna ƙara fasalin abubuwa na musamman ga hoto na gaba ɗaya.
Bayanin Botanical
Chesset fritillary (ko cakuda fritillaria meleagris) itaciya ce mai hade da dangin Liliaceae. Wani suna "bishiyar aljanna" da "gilashi". Dankin ya karɓi waɗannan sunaye waɗanda ba sabon abu ba a tsakanin mutane saboda kamanninsu. A cikin kasashen Turai ta Gabas, ana kiran babban hazel, saboda haka suna saboda launi mai kyau, ana ɗaukar sunan mafi mashahuri.
Useauke da dara
Bayanin Botanical:
- Perennial unpretentious herbaceous shuka har zuwa 35 cm high. Dace da dasa kan gadaje fure da kuma a gefen hanyoyi.
- Habitat - Tsakiya da Gabashin Turai, Russia. Habitat - tsaunin tsaunuka, gandun daji, kwari da kuma wuraren yankuna.
- Yana da ƙaramin kwan fitila da ƙarancin matattara mai ƙyalli, wanda aka rufe shi da bututun wuta a ƙasa.
- Dukiya karami ne. Ganyayyaki mai haske-mai launin shuɗi-mai launin toka suna da siffar elongated.
- Fure ɗaya yana da siffar gilashi.
- Furannin furanni na Lilac suna gudana tare da facin haske waɗanda ke birgima.
- Lokacin fure shine ƙarshen watan Afrilu - tsakiyar watan Mayu.
Hankali! Tare da banbancin rare, ana iya samun fure sama da ɗaya a kowace shuka.
Babban nau'in hazel haushi
A cikin duka, akwai nau'in nau'in hazel 80 zuwa 180, yayin da 30 kawai daga cikinsu sun dace da namo. Mafi mashahuri sune:
- Rarraba Alba (Meleagris Alba). Yawancin suna da haske kuma baƙon abu. Tsayin tsagewar har zuwa cm 20. Furannin furanni suna da fararen launi tare da launin kore. Ya fi son girma a cikin inuwa m a ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi da tsire-tsire. Farkon ciyawar fure meleagris yana faɗuwa a ƙarshen bazara - farkon bazara.
- Grouse Radde (Fritillaria raddeana). Tsirren tsiro har zuwa cm 80. Ganyayyaki masu duhu lanceolate, manyan furanni masu kararrawa suna da launin toka ko launin toka. Inflorescence goge ne friable, daidaituwa da furanni ne m. Earlyaƙarin farko na launin hazel grouse radde zai iya jure ƙarshen sanyi. Farkon fure shine farkon farkon Mayu.
- Grouse Lutea (Fritillaria imp lutea). Tsarin tsiro - har zuwa 90 cm. Manyan furanni suna da haske launin shuɗi mai haske. A cikin inflorescence har zuwa 8 petals. Petals na iya kaiwa 7 cm a tsayi. Ganyen ganye kyawawan kunkuntar ne. Farkon fure shine tsakiyar watan Mayu.
- Rarraba sarki (Fritillaria imperialis). Tsarin tsirrai - har zuwa 1.5 m. Ban fitila mai tsayi a cikin diamita ya kai cm 10. Fushin Lanceolate yana kan tushe a cikin ƙaho 3-4. 3-5 furanni - a cikin laima guda inflorescence a cikin babba ɓangare na harba.
Rarraba da tsirrai
A karkashin yanayi na dabi'a, yadin da ake amfani da shi ya haifar da tazara mai ƙarfi a cikin tsaunukan Eurasi da Arewacin Amurka. Koyaya, wurin da wannan al'ada ta fi yaduwa ita ce Asiya ,arama, inda yawancin nau'ikan fritillary suka samo asali.
A cikin Rasha, ana iya samun shi a cikin tsakiyar yankin ɓangaren Turai. Yana girma a cikin gandun daji, makiyaya da gangara. A cikin tsaunukan tsaunuka, yakan faru ne a gindi ko a yankin tsakiyar bel.
Rarraba da tsirrai
Matakan tsaro masu mahimmanci
Tunda ana amfani da kayan lokacin farin ciki na ƙyalli na hazel ɗin kowace shekara, an jera shi a cikin littafin Red kuma yana buƙatar kariyar. Matakan ƙuntatawa sun haɗa da hana tarawa, takamaiman ranakun da za a fara amfani da su, da kuma matakan kariya game da kiwo. Tsarin sarrafawa masu tasiri suna cikin wurin don dakatar da haramtaccen tarin tsirrai masu kariya. Binciken na yau da kullun don sababbin wuraren girma na fure kuma kare kariyar yawan an gudana.
Girgi da dara a matsayin shuka
Fritillaria ta kasance sananne tun karni na 16. Samfuran al'adu suna da furanni 2-3. Wasu daga cikin nau'in furanni suna girma a cikin lambuna tun lokacin Tsararraki. Kuma kodayake a wannan lokacin kawai kusan nau'ikan 30 ne ake shigar da su cikin al'adun, ba dukkan su ke iya jawo hankalin ba. Abubuwan da aka fi amfani dasu sune groin hazel da kuma kayan sarki.
Yawancin lambu sun ji labarin ƙwallan hazel. Yawancin nau'ikan da suka fi girma girma sune hazel grouse Russian da Kamchatka.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Chess grouse ana amfani dashi sosai don ado wuri mai faɗi. Sakamakon kamanninsa mai ban sha'awa, furen yana da kyau a cikin gidajen lambuna. A hade tare da wasu tsire-tsire, yana taimakawa wajen gina shirye-shiryen fure mai fure. Bugu da ƙari, ya zama cikakke don dasa a kan ciyawa ko a gadaje.
Yi amfani da zane mai faɗi
Mahimmanci! Baya ga aikin ado, furen zai taimaka kare amfanin gona daga kowane irin kwari.
Chess hazel grouse yaduwa
Mai girkin chess-like mai yaduwa ta hanyoyi biyu kawai - kwararan fitila da tsaba.
Yawon fitila
Za'a iya amfani da wannan hanyar haifuwa a lokuta inda kwararan fitila suka cika makil, kuma sun fara fuskantar rashin sarari. Mafi kyawun lokacin kiwo shine ƙarshen bazara.
Domin yada hazel grouse tare da kwararan fitila, kuna buƙatar:
- A hankali ka tono fure, kada ka cire dunkin dajin.
- Rarrabe kananan kwararan fitila daga shuka-yara.
- Sa su a wurin da aka shirya.
Da farko na kaka, rufe dasa tare da ciyawa. Wannan zai ɗora wurin zama na fure mai zuwa.
Hankali! Kwararan fitila za a iya adana su na 'yan kwanaki kafin a dasa shuki a cikin sabuwar ƙasa. Don yin wannan, an sanya su a cikin akwati tare da peat kuma an bar su a wuri mai sanyi.
Tsarin iri
Tun da ƙyallen hazel yana da akwatin iri, yana da ikon rarraba iri. Yakan yi wannan da ka, kuma an dasa furanni da tsari sosai. Wannan halin, kaɗan ne daga masu cin irin ƙwaro suka ƙoshi, saboda haka mutane da yawa suna jujjuya jigilar takalmin hazel a wani wuri da aka sanya musamman don shi. Amma ya fi dacewa a nan da nan da shuka shuka tsire-tsire a cikin yankin da ake so.
Hanyar saukowa:
- Tattara tsaba - Ana yin tarin cikin tsakiyar watan Yuli.
- Shirya kasar gona da yankin da za'a shuka iri.
- M zurfafa tsaba a cikin ƙasa ta 1 cm, amma babu ƙari.
- Za'a iya tsammanin taron farko ne kawai a lokacin bazara mai zuwa.
Za su fara Bloom ne kawai bayan shekaru 3.
Shuka shuka
Saukowa a cikin ƙasa a fili da kuma kula da matattarar hazel wata matsala ce mai sauƙi. Amma don yin wannan daidai, ya kamata ku san wasu ƙa'idodi.
Mafi kyawun lokacin shuka amfanin gona shine ƙarshen bazara. Da yawa daga cikin masu noman fure ba sa bada shawarar tura su daga shafin har zuwa shekaru 3 a jere.
Zaɓin wurin zama
Wurin rana a cikin lambu ya dace da dasa shuki, yayin da amsar hazel za ta ji daɗi a cikin karamin inuwa. An bada shawarar kiyaye shafin daga karuwan iska da kwararar ruwa.
Watse
Wajibi ne a tabbatar da cewa ƙasa a shafin ba ta bushewa. Kwan fitila yakamata ya kasance cikin ƙasa mai laushi. Ƙasƙantar da ƙasa ya kamata ya zama sau 2 a wata.
Aikace-aikacen taki
Ya kamata a fara yin riguna na farko a cikin tsakiyar bazara tare da takin mai bushe tare da micronutrients na nitrogen. Gardenerswararrun lambu kuma suna amfani da humus, ƙyallen kaza, ash ash. Bayan fure a lokacin shayarwa, ya kamata a girka hazel. A wannan yanayin, superphosphate da potassium sulfate sun dace.
Mahimmanci! Matsakaicin hadi ya kamata a lissafta bisa umarnin a kan kunshin.
Loosening da mulching
Da farko, ya kamata a kwance ƙasa a kewayen shuka. Wannan ya kamata ayi shi da hankali don kada a taɓa asalin tushen da ke saman bene na duniya. Don mulching yawanci amfani da sawdust ko peat.
Dasa kuma kula da kayan hazel ne karye
Kula da tsiro
Hazel grouse wata itaciya ce mai tarin yawa, saboda haka kula da ita abu ne mai sauki. Koyaya, musamman masu neman ciyawar fure waɗanda suke son cimma kyawawan furanni masu ingancin gaske zasu ci gaba da sadaukar da wasu lokutan hutu zuwa furen.
Tsara don hunturu
Dankin yana haƙuri da ƙananan zafin jiki hawa sauƙin sauƙin sauƙi, don haka babu buƙatar matakai na musamman. Koyaya, idan akwai tsananin sanyi tare da ruwan sama mai ƙarancin ruwa, dole ne a rufe shuka da rassan spruce.
Taki da hadi
Lokacin da sanyi na ƙarshe ya ƙare, kuna buƙatar fara ciyar da fure tare da takaddun ma'adinai da hadaddun humus. Ana amfani da takin ƙasa a saman ƙasa dama kusa da furen. A lokacin furanni, ya kamata a yi amfani da ash na itace, kuma bayan fure ya fara bushewa, superphosphates.
Cutar da kwari
Useauki suna da fasalin ban mamaki - ƙanshin kwararan fitilarsu na tsoratar da kwari da yawa, amma abin takaici, ba duka ba. Yawancin ƙwayoyin ganye da aka fi sani akan wannan shuka shine cewa yana cutar ganye da ganye. An kawar da tasirin wannan kwari ta hanyar kula da tsirrai da kwari. Bugu da kari, furen zai iya fama da matsanancin slugs da wireworms.
Samu nutsuwa
Furen yana da matukar jurewa ga ire-ire iri iri, kuma wani lokacin ma yakan iya jujjuya shi. A wannan yanayin, mafi kyawun mafita shine cire sassan da abin ya shafa ta hanyar yanke su.
Girma chess grouse shine kyakkyawan ƙwarewar horo ga masu farawar lambu. Tsarin shuka da kulawa da kanta yana da ban sha'awa kuma yana ba da dama da yawa don aiwatar da tsare-tsaren don narkar da rukunin yanar gizon. A lokaci guda, sakamakon namo zai ba ku damar jin daɗin dukkan palette launuka waɗanda wannan fure mai ban sha'awa yake gabatarwa.
