Drywall - daya daga cikin wurare mafi mashahuri a cikin shaguna na injuna. Mutane da yawa, suna ganin girman waɗannan zane-zane, waɗanda aka dauka tare da girmamawa ga mashawarta suna aiki tare da irin wannan shafi. Kodayake, a gaskiya, babu wani abu mai banƙyama a nan: muna buƙatar ƙididdigar kawai da wasu sharuddan littattafai (da kuma haƙƙin haƙuri). Bari muyi ƙoƙarin taƙaita ƙwarewar shigar da bushewa da kuma nuna muhimman abubuwan da suke buƙatar sanin waɗanda suke shirin yi kan kansu.
Abubuwan:
- Shiri na tushe
- Video: yadda za a cire peint daga bango
- Girman matakan
- Shirye-shiryen rubutun takarda
- Yankan
- Sizing
- Sanya: fasaha
- Fidio: shudin bushewa
- Shirin shiri
- Sealing sealing
- Video: drywall seams
- Fasali na hawa a kan firam
- Fidio: yadda za a yi frame don drywall
- Video: shigarwa na drywall
- Amsawa daga masu amfani da cibiyar sadarwa
Shirin kayan kayan aiki da kayayyakin aiki
Duk yana farawa tare da zaɓi na busassun kanta - dangane da halayensa, maida ya kamata ya dace da wani wuri. Lakabin "ƙwarewa" yana nuna:
- GCR - Kafin ka takarda don dakuna da zafi na al'ada;
- GKLV - yana da kayan da za a iya amfani da shi a cikin gidan wanka;
- GKLO (wutan lantarki) - An yi amfani da su don gyaran ganuwar da aka sanya su a ciki, ƙuƙwalwa ko faho mai magunguna;
- Mafi yawan abin dogara shi ne GKLVO - Ana amfani da kayan wuta, maƙarƙashiya mai sanyi don yin aiki tare da kayan aiki ko ɗawainiya.
Muna ba ku shawara ku karanta yadda za ku haɗi zane-zane da kuma rufe windows a cikin ɗakin.
Bugu da ƙari, a kan bushewa kanta, kuna buƙatar wasu kayan aiki tare da kayan aiki. Jerin su zai bambanta dangane da abin da aka yi amfani da shi - wanda aka yi amfani da shi - gluing zuwa ga bango ko hawa a kan firam. An saita shi zuwa na farko, idan bangon yana da ƙananan lebur kuma ma'aunuka tare da tsaye yana ba da kuskure har zuwa 2 cm.
Irin wannan "yada" yana da tabbas ga sannu-sannu ta hanyar hauwa a kan manne, wanda za ku buƙaci:
- sheets;
- tef don ɗauka sintoshin (yana da kyau a dauki sautin serpyanka);
- Alamar farko;
- gypsum-tushen putty (na asali da kuma kammalawa);
- Alamar musamman;
- wuka kamar ƙarfafa kayan aiki ko jigsaw;
- Rashin haɗakar lantarki tare da mahaɗin ɗigon ƙarfe;
- Ginin gini;
- Alamar jima'i;
- tsawon (zai kasance mai kyau zuwa 1.5 m) mulki;
- salo na spatulas daban-daban wides;
- goga ko abin nadi - suna amfani da mahimmanci;
- musamman grater don aiki tare da putty jirgin sama;
- Hammer roba - zai sami hanyar lokacin daidaitawa kawai takarda glued.
Koyi yadda zaka shigar da ruwa mai gudana da kanka.
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Yana da muhimmanci! Don yin aiki a ɗakunan da aka fi girma (fiye da 2.5 m), zane-zane na mita 3 ana dauka.
A nan kuna buƙatar ƙara ƙarar fensir, nauyin tef da square - ba za ku iya yin ba tare da su ba.
Tare da gyaran kafa jerin kayan aiki da kuma ƙare kayan aiki, da kayan aiki na kayan aiki sun kasance ɗaya (kawai manne ya ƙare).
Mun bada shawara don karanta yadda za a sauya hasken haske da kuma fitarwa a cikin ɗakin da hannayensu.Gaskiya, wasu kayan aiki da na'urorin suna kara su a cikin nau'i:
- profiles (shiryar da rufi) tare da kari;
- kai tsaye;
- takalma da sutura;
- almakashi ga karfe;
- screwdriver.
Shin kuna sani? Drywall ya fito ne a karni na sha tara - maigidan rumfar Augustine Sakett ya kirkiro "ginin gini" na sharar gida. A Layer na 1.5 cm kunshi layuka 10 na takarda da kuma bakin ciki na bakin ciki na gypsum.
Ga hadaddun ganuwar ma yana amfani da fatar jiki. Daga raƙuman ruwa zaka buƙaci wata haske mai haske da kuma kambi na cylindrical (idan kana buƙatar yin ramukan zagaye).
Shiri na tushe
Dukan "props" sun haɗa, kuma zaka iya ci gaba. Na farko dole ka shirya ganuwar.
Algorithm shine kamar haka:
- da aka samo fasaha da fasaha suna cike da wani yatti ko yatti-yashi;
- Bayan bushewa, dole a tsabtace bango. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da takarda mai launi tare da girman ƙwayar 60-80 raka'a. Anyi nasiyoyin a cikin motsin motsi, don saukakawa, tabbatar da sandpaper a kan wani shinge mai girma;
- karin kwanciyar hankali zai buƙaci kumfa kumfa. Yana kama da sauri, kuma bayan ya bushewa, abin da ya wuce ya yanke shi da wuka;
- sa'an nan kuma tsabtace garun daga turɓaya (dacewa kamar ƙurar gari, da mai tsabtace tsabta);
- mataki na gaba shi ne mahimmanci. Abubuwan da ake amfani da su dole ne su bushe gaba daya;
- bayan haka aiwatar da ma'aunin sarrafawa.
Takaitacciyar magana shine shiri na bangon fentin. Ya faru da cewa paintin ya ɗauka, kuma cire shi ba daidai ba ne. Amma akwai bayani: don ci gaba da maganin, kamar yadda ya kamata, a kan surface yi ƙira.
Kila za ku so ku karanta game da yadda za a kawar da tsohon fenti.
Video: yadda za a cire peint daga bango
Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne an riga an riga an riga an riga an riga an magance wutan lantarki na maganin bango. Haka kuma ya shafi benaye a cikin dakuna da zafi mai zafi.
A lokaci guda kula da wani lokaci: game da 10 cm a tsawon kuma 30 cm tsaye. Don irin waɗannan dalilai, sun yi amfani da wani gatari ko wani tsinkayyi tare da fadi mai zurfi (ainihin abu a nan shi ne lissafin ƙwaƙwalwar don kada ya yi yawa cikin bango).
Idan dubawa ta hanyar matakin ya nuna cewa bai yi aiki ba don ƙaddamar da rashin daidaituwa, amma ba shi da mahimmanci wajen aiwatar da tsarin, ana amfani da fasahar jigon farko.
Na farko - yin amfani da tashoshi a cikin nau'i na ƙananan fashewa na kowane nau'i. Ƙasar tana da guda biyu, wanda aka bayyana a cikin mafi girma da mafi ƙasƙanci. An kama su a kan manne kuma an saita su don haka jirgin ya ci gaba da yin hakan. Sauran sauran an sanya su tare da ido a gare su, kuma a cikin jimlar sai ya fito da "launi" ɗayan, wanda zai sauƙaƙe shigar da babban takarda.
Kuna iya yin in ba haka ba: ta yin amfani da wannan ka'ida (amma ba tare da takardar) ba, zane-zane suna zane tare da layi na tsaye tare da wani lokaci na 20-30 cm. Tabbatar cewa ƙarshen kawunansu suna cikin matakin ɗaya, filasta ko manne an yi amfani da kowane tsayin dakaƙai masu ɗorawa, bayan haka waɗannan shafuka zasu bushe.
Shin kuna sani? Abin mamaki shine, a cikin latitudes na latitudes an yi amfani dashi tun daga shekarun 1950: a cikin takardun gine-ginen zamanin Soviet, an sanya shi a matsayin ma'auni.
Kafin yin tafiya akan irin wannan magudi, ya kimanta ko zai kasance mai kyau. Idan bambanci ya kasance har zuwa 2 cm a duk faɗin bango, za su ba da sakamakon, amma ga "girma" mafi girma (musamman ma a jiragen daban daban) ba su dace ba - kawai frameworks zai ajiye yanayin. Ayyukan aiki tare da su an bayyana kadan a ƙasa.
Girman matakan
Daidaita daidai shine rabin yakin. Idan akwai nauyin katako, ana buƙatar wani shiri ko zane, wanda yake la'akari da duk nuances. Kuma akwai da yawa daga cikinsu: wurin da windows da ƙofar, sauyawa da kwasfa.
Dukkan wannan an lasafta a tsarin zane, la'akari da nisa da kauri daga cikin zanen gado - yin kirki mai kyau a kan takarda ya sa ya fi sauƙi a lissafta a wane tsawo za a yi amfani da kwane-kwane a ƙarƙashin datsa. Ayyukan irin waɗannan tsare-tsaren sun fara da bango:
- Ana nuna layin a kan rufi da bene (ƙarshen garun gaba). Don yin wannan, ɗauki linzamin launi ko fenti;
- idan an shirya frame, kebul na wucewa ta wurin wannan wuri ko sautin murfin sauti ya kamata a sanya shi a cikin rata tsakaninta da bango. Amma ka tuna cewa babban ɓangaren "ɓoye" ɓangaren dakin;
- Yi hankali sosai ga sasanninta. Ayyukan nuna cewa mating a digiri 90 ba koyaushe yakan faru ba: a irin waɗannan wurare, zane-zane dole ne a yanke. Nawa - yana da kyau a lissafta nan da nan, bisa ga ma'auni.
Bayan an gano duk lambobin, ci gaba zuwa layout na takardar. Tare da kwalliya a ƙarƙashin sabaccen yankan, duk abin da yake bayyane: hanyoyi madaidaiciya tare da hanyoyi masu kwance da kwakwalwa tare da taimakon ma'auni ko masu mulki, har ma mafi kyau - matakin (a kowane hali, ba zai iya yiwuwa ba tare da alamomi da ya sa hannu ba).
Yana da muhimmanci! Dama, wanda za a juya zuwa kasan, yawanci an yanke shi zuwa 0.5-1 cm - wannan zai kare shi daga danshi.
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Ƙarin abubuwa masu haɗari (kwanto a ƙarƙashin kwasfa, sauyawa, da dai sauransu) na buƙatar buɗaɗɗa a kan jirage. Yana da kyau idan akwai irin wadannan abubuwa da aka yi a kan hannun da za a iya "ƙayyade" a kan takarda, a dama.
Don ramukan zagaye sun ɗauki kwatsam. Abinda ya fi wuya shi ne tare da blanks don raƙuman ruɗi - don amfani da alamar, dole ne a yi samfuri na inganta daga zaren. Ko kafin duk waɗannan ayyukan, yana da mahimmanci don tunawa da wani ɓangare na wannan abu.
Gaskiyar ita ce, lokacin tafiyar da sasantawa da gefuna iya lalacewa - rami ya rushe. Matsalolin matsala suna saukewa sau da yawa, abin da ke sa daidaitawa zuwa shirin (kar ka manta game da wannan, in ba haka ba a lokacin shigarwa zai bayyana cewa dukkan ramuka da cuts sun "motsa").
Shin kuna sani? Tsohon Helenawa da ake kira gypsum kawai da kuma kawai - wani ma'adinai na farin.
Shirye-shiryen rubutun takarda
Ana duba duk lambobi a cikin ma'aunai, ci gaba da aiki da zanen gado. Kuma bari mu fara tare da shiryawa, ko kuma yadda za a yanke.
Yankan
Kayan fasaha mai tsabta daidai ne mai sauki:
- an saka takarda a kan ɗaki, ƙasa mai kyau. Amma wannan shine manufa - a aikace wannan yiwuwar ba koyaushe a can ba, sannan kuma an ajiye wajanni masu yawa, wanda aka sanya aikin. A wannan yanayin, farfajiyar ba za ta kasance mai karfi ba (in ba haka ba takardar za ta ƙaddara);
- Ramin a cikin layi alama an yi tare da wuka, ƙarƙashin mai mulki;
- na farko shigarwa yana a gefen gaba, tare da filastar shiga cikin layer. Yi hankali: ana sanya wuka da ƙoƙari, ƙoƙari ya tsage shi kadan kamar yadda ya dace daga layin. Har ila yau, ba lallai ba ne don yin motsi na "sawing" tare da ƙwallon ƙafa - kawai wani wuri da binnewa;
- sa'an nan kuma an cire takarda kuma, bayan da ya kwashe shi tare da layin karkatarwa, sai su wuce tare da wannan tanƙwarar.
Duk wannan yana da kyau, amma idan kana buƙatar yin lalata, fasaha zai canza (tare da kayan aiki). Hanyar da ta fi dacewa don yin zane-zane yana tare da kambi a kan rawar jiki - wannan bututun ƙarfe na cylindrical yana samar da budewa mai kyau tare da ƙananan fasa.
Bidiyo: yadda za a yanke bushewa sauƙi In ba haka ba, ana jefa ramukan a wurare da yawa a cikin zagaye na gaba. A can ne ya jagoranci jigsaw blade, wanda aka gudanar tare da kwantena - hanya mai kyau don cimma daidaito.
Ƙarƙirar rikice-rikice ko rukunin zane-zane da aka yanke ta hanyar hacksaw na musamman don drywall. A cikin bayyanar, wannan wuka ɗaya ce, amma tare da hakora da kuma iko. Yin aiki tare da shi yana buƙatar haƙuri mai girma - kayan aiki mai kyau, amma ba ya gafarta kuskure lokacin amfani da shi.
Sau da yawa a cikin gidaje akwai baƙi wanda ba a taɓa shi ba, wanda daga gare shi yake da wuya a kawar da shi. Muna ba ku shawara ku karanta yadda za ku magance tururuwa, tsutsiyoyi, moths, springtails da mice.
Sizing
An yi shi a hanyoyi biyu - ta yin amfani da tashoshin (an shigar da shigarwa a sama) kuma kai tsaye a wurin. Hanyar farko ita ce mafi dacewa dangane da daidaito, yayin da na biyu ba shi da wahala sosai. Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa shi ne mafi yawan bukata.
Yana da muhimmanci! Lokacin da ake amfani da manne shi ba a shawarce shi ba a rarraba ta a duk fuskar.
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Wannan hanya tana kama da wannan:
- tare da wurin da aka nuna, ganuwar ta sake ƙaddamar da matakin don sanin ƙayyadadden kwanciyar hankali a nan gaba a wurare daban-daban;
- sa'an nan kuma shirya m bayani. An cika gishiri a cikin ruwa a cikin dakin da zafin jiki, an ajiye ta tsawon minti 2-3 kuma a hade ta hannun hannu ko tare da mahadar har sai wani taro mai kama da ba tare da lumps ba (kamar matsi mai laushi). Ƙarar ruwa, nauyin kayan busassun, da kuma ka'idodin amfani, ya dogara ne akan takamaiman alamar, don haka karanta umarnin;
- an gama gurasar da aka yi amfani da shi a nan gaba a cikin takardar - an bar pellets a manne a kowace 30-40 cm. Adadin su na kusa da 10 cm, kuma tsawo - daga 3 zuwa 5 cm;
- za a iya gyara lambobi: idan takardar a wannan batu ya kunna tare da bangon, sanya karami, yayin da ya fi girma ɓangaren, ana buƙatar kashi ɗaya. Amma a kowace harka, dole ne su kasance a kusurwar takarda.
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Dole ne ku yi aiki da sauri: manne ya bushe gaba daya a minti 20-30. Saboda haka, nan da nan ya ci gaba da zubar da jini.
Sanya: fasaha
Wannan shine lokaci mafi mahimmanci, wani lokaci ana buƙatar haɗin mai taimakawa - takarda tare da jinkirin gyaran kafa ta 35 ko ma kowane kilo 40:
- an sanya takardar kanta a kan kananan wedges (1 cm kowanne) kuma a hankali, amma da sauri, ya dogara ga bango, ba manta da shi don cire gefen baki ba tare da rufi. A nan ya zama dole, ta hanya, don amfani da lever tsakanin danji da GSL;
- to, fuskar ta kunna a kan bango. Don yin wannan, dauka mai girma sarauta ko wata doka da aka fallasa a kan jirgin sama, bisa ga abin da suke bugawa da katako mai laushi;
- wucewa wannan hanyar daga kasa zuwa sama, takardar suna haɗa kai tsaye kamar yadda ya kamata ga takardun glued da aka rigaya;
- kar ka manta da cire cireccen manne - a cikin hulɗa da bango na cakuda zai fito, kuma za a cire shi nan da nan (ba tukuna kama) ba.
Fidio: shudin bushewa
Game da ɗakunan, akwai muhimmiyar mahimmanci: gefuna na gefe sun dace, haƙiƙa, ƙarshen ƙarshen, amma sassan da gefuna da aka kewaye suna diluted ta 4-5 mm.
Umurnin yana da sauƙi, amma a gaskiya duk abu yana da rikitarwa ta hanyar girman takardar da nauyi, wanda ke buƙatar wani fasaha. Ko da yake yawanci na farko "2-3" suna da wahala, bayan haka aikin yafi sauri.
Shirin shiri
Seams samu a lokacin shigarwa yana buƙatar sarrafawa mai kyau. A wannan batun, ɗakin da aka samo ta hanyar shiga zane-zane tare da amfani mai ƙunci.
Tabbatar cewa surface yana da matakin, ana iya cika sashin ne tare da manne. Ko da yake wannan yana, idan rata yana da 4 mm ko fiye (raƙuman rassan basu da mahimmanci a aiki - yana faruwa cewa damun kwanciyar hankali yana da wuyar shiga cikin wuyansa "wuyansa").
Shin kuna sani? A Amurka da Yammacin Yammacin Turai, aikin raƙuman rassan bishiyoyi an ba da shi ne a al'ada.
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Don blanks tare da gefuna gefe, tsawon lokaci na 5 mm yana da muhimmanci, kuma a kan kowane tsayi. Idan ya karami, dole ne a gyara shi a hankali, kawo rata zuwa nisa da ake so.
Sealing sealing
An yi shi ne kawai bayan da manne ya bushe. Bayan haka, an shirya farkon ƙaddamarwa (ƙididdiga, allurai da kuma rarrabewar bambanta - a hankali karanta bayanan akan kunshin).
Ƙunƙwasaccen sassan kusa da shi bisa ga makirci:
- an fara kafa Layty na farko a tsakanin zanen gado;
- A kan (a cikin tsakiyar sashin) sun haɗa wani ɓangaren shafin serpyanka na tsawon lokacin da ake buƙata, wanda ake amfani da wani Layer;
- bayan sun rarraba shi tare da spatula, kimanta matakin (yana da muhimmanci cewa lakabin saman yana kunna tare da zanen gado). Idan ya cancanta, yi "ƙara";
- ana jiran wankewa, sanya wani bakin ciki na bakin ciki wanda ya ƙare putty, wanda daga bisani aka tsaftace shi da kyau tare da takarda.
Video: drywall seams
Don yin aiki tare da kewaye da gefen gefe yana amfani da wannan algorithm. Duk da haka, wajibi ne a tinker tare da grid a kan bends - don sauƙaƙe aikin, da putty an gauraye kadan thicker.
Fasali na hawa a kan firam
Mun gano cewa ana amfani da matakan ne yayin aiki tare da ganuwar bango. Mataki na farko shine ba shakka Alamar. An yi shi ne tare da ido kan batun mafi mahimmanci, wanda abin da za a tallafawa gaba zai dace.
Yana da muhimmanci! Domin irin wannan aiki ta yin amfani da bayanin martaba kawai.
Lines suna jagoranci gaba ɗaya da tsaye, tare da canja wuri zuwa ganuwar da ke kusa, rufi da bene. Tsakanin ginshiƙan tsaye yana barin 0.6-1 m (ko da yake zaka iya ɗaukar 40 cm don girman kai).
Kungiyar taro farawa tare da shigarwa da bayanin martaba, wadda aka haɗa tare da takalma. Bayan haka, an sanya dakatarwa ta atomatik, inda aka kawo bayanan layi (suna taka rawar jiki kuma suna ci gaba da ɓoye tare da washers na wasiƙa).
Fidio: yadda za a yi frame don drywall
Wadannan rukuni a lokacin taron ba a haɗa su da jagoran ba, in ba haka ba akwai hadarin kasuwa da ke tafiya a cikin rawar. Amma kafin wannan, wajibi ne a gudanar da layi ko wasu sadarwa ta hanyar kwakwalwa kuma a saka wani kwanciyar zafi ko murmushi a can (ruwan ulu mai mahimmanci yana aiki mai kyau).
Da kaina tsarin da aka riga ta dace da takarda zuwa girman da ake so. Zai yi sauri idan an jawo hanyoyi da ke nuna matsayi na bayanin martaba a ƙarƙashin shafuka. Suna haɗa ta sukurori, a cikin increments na 15-20 cm.
A lokacin da ake taruwa, an danne shi a cikin takarda na filastar - an cire wasu gefuna. Amma yana da mahimmanci don tantance karfi: da yawa matsa lamba a kan sukudirer ido, zaka iya "haskakawa" ta shafi ta hanyar barin kyauta.
Hanyar kwarangwal yana da wahala, amma kuma yana da amfani mai mahimmanci: a lokacin shigarwa, za'a iya gyara matsayi na takarda ta hanyar karkatar da ɗakin maɓuɓɓuka ko sakewa.
Shin kuna sani? Samar da gypsum yana da miliyoyin miliyoyin ton. Don haka, a shekara ta 2010, an samu nauyin ton miliyan 147 na wannan kayan abinci a duniya.
Video: shigarwa na drywall
Ƙarin aiki (yafi da seams) an rage zuwa ayyukan da aka riga ya saba: kwanciya da grid da putty, sa'annan polishing ya biyo baya.
Yanzu kuna da ra'ayin yadda za a yi aiki tare da gyaran bango na launi, da abin da ake buƙata don wannan. Muna fatan wannan bayanin yana da amfani, kuma sakamakon gyaran zai zama abin sha'awa ga ido. Nasara da daidaito cikin lissafi!
Amsawa daga masu amfani da cibiyar sadarwa
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