Raspberries a yankinmu - mashahuriya mai ban sha'awa. Ta ba da girbi na dadi mai dadi berries. Mutane da yawa tun lokacin da yara suna son jam. A Turai, kusan babu karin kumallo ba cikakke ba tare da jam. A cikin labarin mu za muyi la'akari da daya daga cikin shahararrun shahararrun kayan samfuri - "Meteor".
Tarihin kiwo
Tsarin wannan iri-iri, wanda aka dauka a matsayin babban mashahuriyar wannan ƙungiyar, ya fara ne a Bryansk Agricultural Academy a farkon 1962 karkashin ikon Kazakov I.V.
Yawancin nau'in "Meteor" sunadarai ne a gindin Cibiyar Harkokin Noma na GNU da Rashawa ta hanyar binciken aiki tare da irin wadannan nau'o'in: tsohuwar sanannun Rasha iri-iri "Novost Kuzmina" da kuma 'yan Bulgarian iri iri "Kostinobrodskaya" (ko "Bulgarian Ruby"). 
Wadannan iri suna a matsayin matsakaici na tsawon lokaci ta hanyar ripening, da tsayi. Duk da haka, Meteor iri-iri sun kasance sun zama farkon farawa da ƙananan tsawo.
Bincika irin kayan inganu irin su Giant Moscow, Atlant, Yellow Giant, Diamond, Skromnitsa, Summer Indian, Barnaulskaya, Ispolin, Kirzhach, Kanada, "Lyachka", "Zyugan", "Heritage", "Cumberland".
Bayyana bushes
Irin wannan raspberries sun hada da shayarwa ga duniya, ba mahimmanci iri iri ba. Dabbobi na wannan iri-iri sun kai matsakaicin matsakaicin (har zuwa m 2) da kuma matsakaicin ikon ci gaban, ba su shimfidawa sosai.
Ganye yana da ƙarfi (suna da 80-100 da daji), tip din yana nutsewa, daji ba za a iya ɗaure shi ba, haɗakar da tushe ba shi da rauni.
Gida na shuka yawanci ana rufe shi da karamin katako, ƙayayuwa a kan bishiyoyi suna ƙananan kuma bazaƙasa girma ba, a lokacin rani suna da kore kuma a cikin kaka suna haske ne. 
Bayani na berries
Hanyoyin "Meteor" suna da matsakaici a matsakaici, suna kai nauyin nauyin nauyin 3 g. Sugar da aka danganta da ma'anarta shine Berry, a kan shi, kamar a kan ƙwayar cuta, akwai karamin katako.
Tsarin ba shi da dadewa ba, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu laushi suna saukewa daga gare ta. Hakan kuma yana da ƙananan, pistils suna da tsawo kuma matsakaicin matsakaici. A dandano da ƙanshi na berries ne mai ban mamaki. 
Sun ƙunshi sukari - kimanin 6-9%, acid - 1.5-1.7%, ascorbic acid a cikin adadin 15-30 MG da 100 g. Bishiyoyi za a iya daskarewa ko cinye sabo.
Shin kuna sani? An fara nuna Malin a aikin wani masanin Roma, marubuci Caton elder, har zuwa karni na uku BC. Sunan Latin don wannan Berry shi ne "Rubus idaeus" wanda wani shahararren dan Roman Pliny Elder ya ba ta, wanda ke nufin: "Rubus" - ja, "a'a" - don girmama nymph daga tarihin tarihin zamanin Girka.
Gestation lokacin
Wannan nau'in raspberries na lambun sun fara da wuri kuma, a gaskiya, yana buɗe "kakar rasberi," don haka ta ƙarshen Yuni za ku sami girbi cikakke.
Yawo
Bayyana irin nau'ikan da masu shayarwa suka damu yana cewa yana da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai yawa a cikin kewayon 1.5 zuwa 3 kilogiram na berries daga dan kadan mai shukar daji na Meteor raspberries. Saboda haka, an samu kimanin kashi 50 zuwa 70 a kowace kakar a kowace hectare.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don ci gaba mai kyau da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai girma, ƙasa a kusa da bishiyoyi ya buƙaci a saki kuma a sako shi da kyau.
Transportability
'' 'Meteor' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' '' Saboda wadannan kaddarorin, 'ya'yan itace ba "ya kwarara" a cikin kwantena na sufuri, wanda hakan yana ƙara inganta yiwuwar yin amfani da wannan naman don amfanin kasuwanci.
Cututtuka da ƙwayar cuta
Kayan "Meteor" yana nuna rashin amincewar da ba a taɓa gani ba akan cututtuka na furotin na yau da kullum.
Amma kada a manta cewa wannan iri-iri ne wanda zai iya fuskantar irin wannan kwari da cututtuka kamar gizo-gizo mite, mai launi mai laushi da kuma tsummantarwa, saboda haka Dole ne shuka ya kasance a kai a kai da kuma dacewa don sarrafa rigakafi.
Shin kuna sani? Akwai mai yawa baƙin ƙarfe a cikin wannan Berry. A saboda wannan dalili, mutane da dama suna kallon shi a matsayin "mace" Berry, wanda zai iya ramawa ga asarar jini na wata.
Winteriness hardiness
Abin lura shine Meteor iri-iri, wanda shine mawuyacin sanyi ga sanyi, yanayin zafi maras kyau kuma yawancin yanayin zafi. Wannan zai ba ka damar girma amfanin gona na wannan Berry, har ma a arewacin yankuna. 
A cikin hunturu, ya kamata a danne bishiyoyi a ƙasa kuma a daure, dole ne a yi kafin a fara hunturu sanyi don kada ya karya rassan.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ya kamata a lura cewa matakin yawan amfanin ƙasa na wannan tsire-tsire ba shi da ƙarfin dogara ga ƙasa da ma'auni.
Aikace-aikacen 'ya'yan itatuwa
Lokacin da ka gamsu da yin amfani da sabobbin 'ya'yan itace na wannan rasberi a lokacin rani, yi kokarin shirya sauran domin hunturu. Da daskarewa na berries yana samun karuwa da kwanan nan. Meteor iri dabam dabam ya dace da irin wannan hanya kusan daidai.
Wannan kayan yaji ya dace kuma don shirye-shiryen gargajiya na musamman don hunturu, zaka iya sa jam daga gare ta, kara shi da sukari, adana jam.
Mistresses sukan yi amfani da berries a matsayin cika don dafa da pies, compotes, mousses, cocktails da jelly. Bugu da ƙari, duka sabo ne da kuma daskararre (gwangwani) zai dace da amfani.
Nemo mafi kyaun girke-girke na giya na gida da kuma ruwan inabi.
Ƙarfi da raunana
Bari mu dubi abin da samfurori da kwarewa na wasu tsire-tsire suka bambanta masu gandun daji.
Gwani
Kwararrun lambu sun nuna yawancin abũbuwan amfãni daga wannan iri-iri na berries a kan masu fafatawa a gasa, wanda ya sa gonarta ta kasance mai riba a gonar gonar da gidajen rani.
- Godiya ga wannan shuka za ku iya samun wuri, maimakon amfanin gona.
- A berries suna da kyau gabatar da jure wa harkokin sufuri, kuma suna da kyau dandano.
- Shrubs ba su da kullun da suke kula da su, saboda wannan kayan yaji ne a lokacin da magungunan sunadarai masu amfani da kayan aiki, da abinci da sarrafawa ba su wanzu ba.
- Raspberries za su iya haifar da yankan da kuma kai-pollinating.
- Ganye na "Meteor" suna da ƙananan ƙwari da kuma tsananin karfi na hunturu.
Cons
Duk da yawan wadanan abubuwa masu amfani, jarrabawar lokaci, idan aka kwatanta da wasu iri, rasberi "Meteor" yana da hanyoyi masu yawa.
- Idan daji zai kai fiye da 2 m a tsawo, zai buƙaci a haɗa shi da trellis.
- "Meteor" an dakatar da yanayin hunturu a yanayin da aka ƙi, duk da haka, lokacin da narke ya zo, bayan da sanyi ta sake komawa, tushen tsarin shuka zai iya wahala sosai. Daga irin wannan tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire za ta mutu kusan mutuwa, musamman idan yana da matashi kuma dasa a cikin fall.
- Wannan tsohuwar, gwajin lokaci, iri-iri ne na baya zuwa wasu nau'in noma iri na zamani, wanda zai iya samar da berries na 10 g kowace, yana yin la'akari da yawan nauyin kilo 100-120 na 1 ha.
- Har ila yau, akwai nau'i-nau'in irin wannan irin, yana da yawan sukari a cikin abun da ke ciki.
Tare da kulawa mai kyau (maimakon undemanding), wannan mai tsayayya sosai ga abubuwan waje na asali na shuka zai iya biyan ku da girbi na farko na berries. "Meteor" - daya daga cikin nau'o'in kayan girbi masu dacewa don girbi na mutum. 
