Callistemon itace tsire-tsire mai ban sha'awa wadda ta janye hankalinta tare da kamannin sa na ainihi da furanni dabam dabam. Ya kasance sau da yawa a Turai, amma a yau, ya kawo dan kasar Australia a ƙarƙashin ikon kowane mai ƙauna mai ban sha'awa a kan windowsill. Game da abin da ke cikin rayuwar yau da kullum da kuma abin da ake bukata ga kasashen waje su shuka a cikin yanayi, bari muyi magana a cikin daki-daki.
Bayani
A karkashin yanayin yanayi, kiran kira yayi girma a Australia, Tasmania, New Caledonia. Akwai wurin da za ku iya saduwa da shi a cikin nau'i biyu na shrub da ƙananan bishiyoyi. Wannan ɗigon ganyaye yana da launin fata na launin ganyayyaki-kore a cikin launi, wanda ke karuwa zuwa gangar jikin.
Yankunan da ke gefen su suna da kaifi sosai a koyaushe zuwa ga rana don kauce wa konewa. A cikin jiki nama na ganye suna gland cike da muhimmanci mai.
Shin kuna sani? Sunan shuka ya samo shi ta haɗin kalmomi guda biyu - "kallos" - kyau da kuma "tsayi" - stamen.
Kusa kusa da furanni mai kira na rani. A wannan lokaci, manyan ƙananan ruwaye (har zuwa 12 cm) daga wasu nau'o'in inflorescences tare da dogon stamens sun bayyana a saman sa mai tushe. Dangane da biyan kuɗi, furanni na iya faranta maka ido tare da fararen, rawaya, ruwan hoda, ja hu.
A cylindrical siffar inflorescence kama wani goga ga kwalabe. A cikin daji, tsuntsaye sun shafe tsire-tsire, don haka kamar yadda ya fi girma a kunnuwan kunnuwa yana nuna launin kwallaye-gilashi da tsaba.
Muna ba da shawara ka fahimtar kanka tare da kyawawan shuke-shuken irin waɗannan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire irin su chrysalidocarpus, pachypodium, alokaziya, tsikas, strelitzia, hovey, tulip, drimiopsis, hymenocallis, feijoa, pandanus, crossander, ixora.
Callistemon na cikin iyalin Mirtovas kuma yawancin jinsuna suna wakilta, daga cikinsu waɗanda aka fi sanin su:
- Pine pine (Callistemon pinifolius). Sunan jinsin ne saboda ya bar wanda yayi kama da allurar needles har zuwa 12 cm tsawo kuma 0.15 cm a diamita. A gefen babba suna da mummunan gutter. Launiyar su ne mai tsabta, saboda haka ƙananan, ƙananan ƙwayoyin launin rawaya-furanni suna da kyau a kan tushenta.
- Prut (Callistemon viminalis). Kwancensa suna "tura" tare da gashin gashi, kuma ganye suna iya zama daban-daban. Musamman mahimmanci samfurori tare da kananan ganye da girma densely a kan shoot.
- Lemon (Callistemon citrinus). Ana rarrabe kudaden ajiya ta ganye, wanda, lokacin da rubbed, ya yada dandano lemun tsami. Kunnensa sananne ne saboda launin launi mai haske, wanda ya fi girma a bangon kananan ganye.
- Willow (Callistemon salignus). Kyakkyawan babban kwafi na wannan iyali (zai iya kai 12 m tsawo). Kwayoyin da suke da shi na Silinda sun yi nisa don 7-8 cm, kuma stamens suna cike da dukkan tabarau na launin rawaya, ruwan hoda da fari. Bar har zuwa 1.2 cm fadi, nuna a ƙarshen.
Shin kuna sani? An gabatar da samfurin farko na kiraiste zuwa Turai a 1789 by Joseph Banks ga Royal Botanical Gardens a Birtaniya.
- Ƙaunar (Sirar kira). Wannan jinsin yana da kyau a dakunan dakuna, don haka ana amfani dashi a matsayin tukunyar tukunya. Tsawon zai iya isa 4 m, amma yana da wuya ya girma zuwa irin wannan ma'auni. Yaransa suna launin launin toka-launin ruwan kasa, kuma furanni suna bambanta da babban yawan gland.
Girmawa
Yin kira mai girma a gida yana da sauki. Kana buƙatar farawa ta hanyar neman kayan dasa kayan. Idan zaka iya samun cututtuka na m daga abokai, bayanan sanarwa, to amma lafiya, amma ba - to, zaka iya samun shuka tsaba akan intanet.
Zai kasance da taimako a gare ku don gano ko wane furanni ba a yarda ya girma a gida ba.
Lokacin dacewa zuwa saukowa daga Agusta zuwa Maris. Zai fi kyau shuka a cikin tukunyar matsakaici na matsakaici, bayan shirya kasa. A matsayin ƙasa mai kira, yada 4 sassa na sod, 2 sassa na katako da peat, da kuma 1 ɓangare na kogin yashi.
A kasan da ke kwantar da tsawa na perlite. A sakamakon haka kuma ku dasa tsaba. Kada ku binne su da yawa, saboda seedlings zai zama da wuya a fita. Sabili da haka, dasa shuki ta hanyar girke-tsaren da aka yi a shirye-shiryen ya fi sauki - ƙananan ƙwayar ba zai yi hanyarsa ta hanyar fadin duniya ba. 
Bayan dasa, ana buƙatar tsaba da sprouts tare da fim ko gilashi, sa'an nan kuma kusa da hasken rana da kuma shayar sau 2 a rana. A wannan yanayin, injin yana bukatar makonni 2-3 zuwa tushen (seedling) ko shuka (iri).
Don wurin zama na dindindin na kiran kira, gabas, kudancin, ko yammacin yamma ya dace, inda akwai hasken rana mafi yawa. Amma zafi na shuka ba shi da yawa, duk da irin asalinsa. A lokacin rani, yana da kyau a gare shi ya zama 20-22 ° C, kuma a cikin hunturu ya fi son 12-16 ° C.
Callistemon yana son danshi, saboda haka a lokacin rani ya kamata a rika shayar da shi a yau da ruwa mai dumi. A cikin hunturu, ba a buƙaci watering, in ba haka ba akwai hadarin kwayoyin cuta da fungi akan shuka.
Yana da muhimmanci! Zaka iya gano cewa wannan buƙatar yana buƙatar bugun ruwa a kan wani saman kasusuwan ƙasa mai sanyi a cikin tukunya.
Kula
Callastemon kula ba zai dauki lokaci mai yawa ba. Don ci gaba na al'ada da flowering na yau da kullum, inji yana buƙatar takin gargajiya da kuma pruning dace.
Ciyar da shi sau biyu a wata yayin lokacin ci gaba (bazara-rani). Don waɗannan dalilai, ƙwayoyin ma'adinai masu dacewa don tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, waɗanda za a iya samu a kowane ɗakunan fasaha. A lokacin hunturu, kiran kira bai buƙatar irin wannan abinci ba.
Kwayoyin tsire-tsire masu amfani sun hada da: geranium, chlorophytum, laurel, ficus, Kalanchoe, chrysanthemums, cactus da sansevieria.
Pruning ne da za'ayi a karshen zamani flowering. Bayan busassun furen ƙasa ya fadi, tsire-tsire masu girma sun kasance a wurarensu. Ba wai kawai sun lalata bayyanar ba, amma har ma sun zama abin hana ga flowering mai zuwa.
Har ila yau, a farkon lokacin bazara, ana shuka tsire-tsire don ya ba da siffar da kuma bunkasa girma. Wannan shi ne wajibi don ci gaban al'amuran kiran salula, amma za'a iya amfani dasu don ƙirƙirar abun da aka samo daga wani daji. 
Tashi
Wannan yanayin yana jin dadi sosai, saboda haka yana da muhimmanci a sake gina shi a cikin bazara, lokacin da tushensu suna da karfi a cikin tukunya. Ga matasa shuke-shuke, da hanya ya kamata a gudanar a kowace shekara, amma mazan transplants bukatar kawai dashi na shekaru 2-3.
Ƙasa a cikin sabon tukunya ya kasance daidai da na farko da dasa. Idan shuka ya kai girman girmansa, to, don ta'aziyya, yana da kyawawa don sauya saman kashin ƙasa a cikin tukunya da sauya sau ɗaya a shekara.
An shirya shi a daidai girman ƙasa, amma daga lokaci zuwa lokaci don canji ba zai cutar da shi ba don maye gurbin shi tare da cakuda peat, barkon barkono da perlite.
Sau da yawa wani farin ko fari shine ya bayyana a saman kashin ƙasa a cikin tukunya. Wannan shi ne gishiri da nau'o'in tsabta daga nauyin ruwa, wanda aka shayar da shuka. Idan wannan ya faru, sauƙaƙe sauya saman ƙasa na ƙasa zuwa wani sabon substrate. 
Tsarin hanyoyi
Kamar yadda muka fada a sama, ana iya kara kiran kiramon tare da taimakon tsaba da cututtuka. Kowace hanya tana da amfani da rashin amfani:
- Idan an dasa shuki tare da tsaba, to, don na farko dasa zaka iya amfani da babban akwati cike da cakuda peat da yashi. Ganye bazai buƙaci a saukar da zurfi fiye da 1 cm ba, in ba haka ba zai zama wuya a gare su su ci gaba. Bayan shuka, ruwa kuma ya rufe tare da fim don ƙirƙirar greenhouse. Lokacin da tsire-tsire ta kai tsaye zuwa 2-3 cm, lokaci yayi da za a nutsewa. A wannan lokaci, za ku buƙaci tukunya 7 cm. A wannan lokacin, seedlings girma sosai sannu a hankali, 4-5 cm a kowace shekara. Na farko furanni ba su bayyana a baya fiye da 4-5 shekara.
- Don yin gyaran gyaran gyare-gyaren gyaran gyare-gyare na tsawon mita 5-8. Ana sanya su a cikin kwalaye da aka cika da yashi kuma ana kiyaye a lokacin hunturu a zafin jiki na 18-20 ° C.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don haɓaka girma, ana bada shawara don yin amfani da tsire-tsire a lokaci-lokaci tare da ci gaba da bunkasa, kazalika da yin ƙananan zafin jiki.
Kamar tsaba, cututtuka buƙatar ƙirƙirar yanayi ta hanyar rufe akwatin tare da fim kuma yafa bishiyoyi sau biyu a rana. Lokacin da tsirrai suna da tsarin ginawa mai kyau, lokaci ne da za a dasa su a cikin tukwane da kimanin diamita 7. Cunkushe ta hanyar cuttings yana inganta flowering na shuka: a cikin wannan yanayin yana yiwu a cikin shekara ɗaya ko biyu.
Cututtuka da kwari
Akwai wasu dokoki, cikar abin da ke tabbatar da lafiyar likita
- haske mai kyau;
- samun damar yin amfani da iska sau da yawa;
- babu fari da ruwa mara kyau;
- sanyi yanayin zafi a cikin hunturu.
Idan ka karya waɗannan dokoki, akwai damar samun fahimtar manyan abokan gaba na masu kira.
Aphid Wannan ƙananan kwari ne mai duhu, launin toka-baki ko launin kore-kore tare da tsawon mita 5-7, wanda yana ciyar da kayan lambu mai kayan lambu. Harshen aphids na farko yana haifar da lalata lalacewa, da kuma tsawon lokaci zuwa mutuwa. 
Don kauce wa wannan, ajiye shuka a dumi, amma ba yanayin zafi ba, a karkashin hasken rana mai haske. Tabbatar cewa babu tururuwa a kusa. Sau da yawa sukan shirya airing kuma ba su yarda izuwa callistemona overfeeding. Idan inji ya bayyana furen ganye, fitarwa a kan fuskar su (honeydew) ko furanni - yana nufin cewa aphid ya riga ya fara aiki.
Insecticides (Intovir, Fitoverm, Strela, da sauransu) da kuma bayani na wanke wanke (10-15 g da lita 1 na ruwa) zai taimaka wajen rabu da shi. Da farko, muna wanke shuka tare da ruwa mai ma'ana, sa'an nan kuma sarrafa shi da kayan aiki na musamman bisa ga umarninsa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Hanyar wajibi ne zai kasance ndon maimaita Kwana 5-7 don hana fitowar wani sabon kwari na kwari.
Gizo-gizo mite Wannan karamin gizo-gizo kasa da 1 mm yana so ya ɓoye a ƙarƙashin ganyayyaki, don haka yana da matukar wuya a gane shi. Kasancewarsa yana nuna shi da ƙananan dotsin fari wanda aka warwatse a gefen ganye, ƙananan shafuka waɗanda ke shiga cikin shuka; wani lokaci a kan takaddun ganye ko kuma bayanan harbe, za ka iya ganin jerin abubuwa masu ɓarna. 
Mite yana da illa ta hanyar tasiri ta hanyar kai tsaye a kan kiran, saboda yana lalata integument, kuma yana da ƙananan cututtuka na cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta. Wata kaska yana bayyana a ɗakin dakuna inda zafi yake ƙasa. Ya kuma son tsoffin ganye, busassun bushe da ƙura.
Sabili da haka, tsaftacewa na yau da kullum na shuka shi ne mafi kyau rigakafi a wannan yanayin. Kwayoyi masu tsami za su taimakawa kwari ("Karbofos", "Aldicarb", da dai sauransu), kazalika da wani bayani na Dandelion (za'a iya saya bushe a kantin magani).
Cika 20-25 g na Dandelion tare da 1 l na dumi ruwa da kuma nace na 1-2 hours, sa'an nan kuma wanke ganye da kyau tare da jiko. Bayan 'yan kwanaki, sake yin magani yana da muhimmanci don hana maturation daga baya dage farawa qwai.
Whitefly. Wannan kankanin (1-2 mm) kwari mai laushi ta kanta ba zai cutar da injin ba, amma ƙwayoyi (namomin namomin baƙar fata) suna tasiri ga ciyayi. A matsayin kwari mai yuwuwa, ƙuƙwalwa zai iya zama mai rarraba da cututtuka daban-daban. 
Don lura da gabanta a kan shuka yana da sauƙin sauke wani furanni mai kyau (honeydew), daga abin da aka samu mai naman gishiri. Tun da whitefly ya kasance da yanayi mai dumi, domin ya hana bayyanarsa, yana da daraja adadin zazzabi a cikin hunturu a matakin matsakaici (ba a sama da 20 ° C) ba.
Insecticides (Aktellik, Mospilan, Pegasus, da dai sauransu), wanda dole ne a yi amfani bisa ga umarnin, zai taimaka wajen kawar da asu mai cutarwa. Kuma daga hanyoyi na kasa masu amfani da kasusuwa don kwari ana gane su ne mafi tasiri.
Sanyinsu mai haske da ƙanshi mai mahimmanci suna jawo hankalin whitefly, kuma tushe mai tushe bai yarda ya bar tarko ba. Duk da irin asalinsa, ƙirar da ake kira fiye da shekaru 200 a Turai ya cika cikakke sosai kuma ya zauna cikin yanayin gida.
Ya isa ya sanya ƙasa mai kyau a kanta, tabbatar da tsarin zazzabi da kuma saka idanu na ban ruwa don ganin yana da sha'awar ido tare da kyan gani da kyawawan furanni. Irin wannan asali na asali zai ja hankalin baƙi kuma zai yi ado da kowane gida.
