Daga cikin fadi iri-iri na pears, mafi mahimmanci iri-iri "Tsarin Rasha".Yawan aikinta, rashin kulawa da tsayayya da cututtuka sune mahimmanci ga masu lambu da mazauna lokacin rani. Abin farin, mai dadi da mai dadi zai sami aikace-aikace a duk bangarori na masana'antun abinci.
Tarihin kiwo
An kirkiro iri-iri "Rashanciyar Rashanci" a Cibiyar Nazarin Kasuwanci ta Rukuni na Genetics da Tsarin Kwayoyin Tsire-tsire (VNIIGiSPR) mai suna Michurin I. V. ƙarƙashin jagorancin mai girbi mai suna Semen Fedorovich Chernenko. A sakamakon hanyar ƙetare na Bere Ardanpon (Ferdinant) da kuma 'yar Dauko Blankova, an halicci sabon nau'i nau'in pear, wanda ake kira bayan mahaliccinsa, Beauty Chernenko.
Bincika yawancin irin nau'in pear: Permyachka, Dukhmyanaya, Belorusskaya Tsentralnaya, Tenderness, Petrovskaya, A cikin Zhigalov, Otradnenskaya, Avgustovskaya Dew, Detskaya da Rogneda.
Ya hada da a cikin Jihar Register na raya nasarori na Rasha da zoned a cikin Central yankin tun 1996.
Duk da bambancin yanki, ana rarraba kyan "Beauty Chernenko" a yankunan Arewacin Caucasus, yankin Lower Volga, Ukraine, Belarus, kasashen Transnistria da Tsakiya ta tsakiya. 
Bayanin itace
Magana game da Pear Rasha ba kyakkyawa ba ne daga sauran nau'in pear, amma yana da wasu halayen halayyar.
Tree:
- ƙarfi (5 m a tsawo);
- kambin kambi yana kunkuntar, elongated, conical.
- launin ruwan kasa tare da cakulan tint;
- lebur da santsi.
Harbe:
- launin ruwan kasa-launi;
- Ƙarya;
- sassauka, dan kadan. A kan rassan akwai ƙananan tsari (lentils); ci gaban girma.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don samin nauyin daidai na kambi a farkon shekaru 5 na girma, rassan pear dole ne a juya baya daga gangar jikin 50°.Koda:
- babban kuma mai haske;
- jingina ga harbe;
- mazugi-dimbin yawa.
- duhu launi mai duhu;
- fadi da tushe mai mahimmanci;
- wani dan kadan ne sakamakon wani ɓangare na ci gaba;
- elongated, tare da kananan notches a kan gefuna.
Hoto Bayanan
'Ya'yan itacen an kulle shi a wani wuri mai tsawo, mai tsawo kuma mai lankwasa.
Don fayyace 'ya'yan itacen pear na iya zama kamar haka:
- siffan - babban, elongated, pear-dimbin yawa, tare da halayyar tuberosity;
- launi - mai launi kore, tare da ƙananan ƙananan launuka. A farkon farkon balaga, mai launi ya canza zuwa launin rawaya, tare da burgundy blush;
- fata - mai yawa, tare da karamin haɗari;
- ɓangaren litattafan almara - girke, m, ba m;
- tsaba - elongated, kananan, launin ruwan kasa;
- dandano yana da dadi, kadan m, ba tare da astringency ba.
Nauyin nauyin nau'i na iya bambanta a cikin kewayo daga 160 zuwa 250 g kuma ya dogara da samuwa da ingancin aikin noma (spring pruning).Shin kuna sani? Ana amfani da 'ya'yan itace pear a madadin kayan girke-girke a matsayin magunguna na yau da kullum don tsarin jinƙai da kuma yaki da danniya.
Bukatun Lighting
"Hotuna na Rasha" ya fi son kare shi daga iska, wurare masu tsabta da kuma wurare. Kasashen kudu, kudu maso yammacin da kudu maso gabas zasu dace da shuka. 
Don kauce wa shading, yana da muhimmanci don kaucewa girma girma da kuma kiyaye akalla 4 m a lokacin da dasa.
Bukatun shara
"Harshen Rasha" ya fi so ya girma a cikin haske da ƙasa mai laushi. Zai rinjayi tasiri ga cigaban itacen da lãka yalwa a cikin ƙasa, zai taimakawa wajen riƙewa tsaka da damuwa da danshi.
An ba da fifiko ga kasa mai karfi (PH 5.7-6). Irin wadannan ciyawa, irin su: mint, plantain, horsetail, pikulnik, heather, buttercups, na iya nuna babban acidity na kasar gona. 
Ƙananan acidity zai taimaka aikace-aikacen lemun tsami. Ƙididdigar lemun tsami ya danganta da nauyin acidity na kasar gona (wanda aka auna ta litattafan lambun littafi).
Yana da muhimmanci! Cike 500 g na lemun tsami a kowane mita mita 10. Zan ƙara girman acidity a 0.2 pH.Tsarin lokaci na shinge na ƙasa a kusa da kewaye da ci gaban tsarin tushen zai taimaka wajen inganta yanayin ƙasa kuma zai taimakawa wajen musayar ruwan sha.
Ruwan jini
Pear "Rashancin Rasha" yana da halayyar kansa kuma baya buƙatar pollinators don fruiting. Amma don cimma matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa, kamar yadda masu yawan pollinators suke, za ku iya sauka kusa matsakaici flowering iri: "Muscovite", "Bere Moskovskaya", "Lada Amur", "Favorite Yakovlev".
Fruiting
Rayuwa na pear zai iya zuwa shekaru 50, tsawon lokacin da yake aiki yana daga 15 zuwa 30 da kuma ya dogara da inganci da kulawa na yau da kullum.
Full fruiting ya zo 6-8 shekara na rayuwa. 
Lokacin cin abinci
Blossom "Beauty Chernenko" asusun na tsawon lokaci Ƙarshen watan Mayu shine farkon watan Yuni. A sassa daban-daban na itace, toho na flower buds ya zo a lokuta daban-daban. Sabili da haka, na farko furanni zai fara a kan rassan bishiyoyi (kolchatka), sa'an nan a kan kayan haɓaka ga reshe mai suna (mashi) kuma, a karshe, flowering farawa a kowace shekara.
Dangane da yanayin climatic, lokacin flowering zai iya bambanta. 
Shin kuna sani? Farkon flowering shine adadin launi a kan itacen, ya wuce 25%, kuma ƙarshen shi ne lalacewar 75% na launi.
Gestation lokacin
Matsakaici mai ban mamaki na pear "Beauty Chernenko" ya sauka Ƙarshen watan Agusta - farkon watan Satumba. Game da farawa na balaga nuna launin yellowing na 'ya'yan itace. Lokacin haya yana da kwanaki 5-7.
Girbin girbi mai girbi zai fara tare da ƙananan rassan rassan tare da karuwa mai sauƙi, sa'an nan kuma wurin komawa cibiyar. Irin wannan tsarin zai kare ƙananan 'ya'yan itace daga lalacewa ta wurin sauke daga rassan bisan. 
Tsayar da pear daga reshe ya kamata ya kasance mai lankwasa hankali tare da shugabancin sama kuma ya guje wa rabuwa mai kaifi tare da zane mai zurfi a kasa. Don kauce wa lalacewar da kula da babban mataki na kiyaye ingancin, don girbi zai zama mafi riba don amfani da 'ya'yan itace na musamman da tattara jaka.
Tsanaki: Ƙarfin matsa lamba mai karfi a kan pear zai iya haifar da duhu da kuma kasancewa a cikin 'ya'yan itace mai duhu.
Yawo
Babban amfani Pear "Beauty Chernenko" shi ne yawan amfanin ƙasa mai girma, kara da balagar itacen. 
Yin takin shekara shekara tare da takin mai magani (potash, phosphorus, nitrogen) zai taimaka wajen tabbatar da alamun amfanin ƙasa a wani babban matakin.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tare da rashin abubuwa masu ma'adinai, 'ya'yan itãcen pears sun zama m, jiki kuma ya zama mai laushi da launin ruwan kasa, tare da yawancin kwayoyin stony a cikinta.
Ana amfani da takin mai magani mai ma'adinai da kuma amfani da shi azaman mafita ko kuma, a lokutan yanayi, an zuba kai tsaye cikin ƙasa. 
Transportability da ajiya
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da jigilar sufuri. Bincike shine mai nuna alama, tun lokacin da pear ya zama cikakke, mai sauƙi ne kuma mafi sauki zai iya cutar.
Dole ne a adana pears a cikin ɗakin dakunan duhu. Ƙananan zazzabi don ajiya daga 0 ° C zuwa +3 ° C. Lokacin ajiya ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki na dakin kuma yana hawa a cikin tsawon watanni 1.5-2.
Don kara yawan lokaci da kuma adana 'ya'yan itatuwa kamar yadda ya yiwu, lokacin da ke haɗa kayan amfanin gona tare (mafi kyau idan akwatunan katako / wicker), za'a iya zub da pear tare da wani ɓangaren busassun bushewa ko hay. 
Domin mafi yawan lokuta na ajiya, wani mataki mai mahimmanci zai kasance fitarwa pears Pears ba tare da alamun kowane cututtuka da ƙwayar cuta ba kuma fata mai laushi suna ƙarƙashin adana mafi tsawo.
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari da wasu lahani ba'a kiyaye su ba dadewa kuma ya kamata a yi amfani da su a farkon.
Tsayayya ga yanayin muhalli da cututtuka
Bincike da aikin noma sun nuna cewa wannan iri-iri resistant zuwa spring frosts kuma yana iya dawo da sauri (rassan da furanni). Har ila yau, itacen yana jure wa ɗan fari da gajeren lokaci, amma wannan yana rinjayar dandano da ingancin 'ya'yan itace. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Daga rashin danshi, fata na 'ya'yan itace yana da ɗanɗɗowa mai ban sha'awa.Rashin abinci mai gina jiki a cikin ƙasa zai shafi tasirin bishiyar da 'ya'yan itace, amma ba damuwa ba ne ta hanyar aiki.
Duk da tsayin dakawar irin wadannan nau'o'in cututtukan daban-daban, halin da ake ciki a gare su ya ci gaba. Cututtuka na ci gaba ne kawai a yanayin yanayin zafi mai zafi (damina rani) ko daga rage yawan watering. 
Don "Rashancin Rasha" sune irin wadannan cututtuka:
- powdery mildew - bayyana ta bayyanar launin toka launin toka a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa da harbe, tare da lokaci da Bloom siffofin da yawa baki dige;
- launin ruwan kasa - ya bayyana ta bayyanar manyan, sannu-sannu ƙiri, launin ruwan kasa;
- 'ya'yan itace - bayyanar ta bayyanar da hanzari na yaduwa launuka masu duhu tare da dotsan launin toka a tsakiya.
Don hanawa da magance shi wajibi ne don amfani da kwayoyi na aikin fuka ("Chorus", Bordeaux cakuda, Bordeaux ruwa).
Dabbobi iri iri ne masu tsayayya ga dukan ƙwayoyin kwari, amma, kamar kowane itacen 'ya'yan itace, zai iya zama mai ban sha'awa ga launi na pear, da' ya'yan itace mai launin ruwan 'ya'yan itace, da tsinkayen pear, da midge. Don kwarocin kwari suna dacewa da kwari irin su: "Zolon", "Metathion", "Nexin". 
Shin kuna sani? Redberry da baƙar fata elderberry, wanda aka dasa a kusa da pear, yana da kyau tsayayyen shuka ga dukan kwari.
Ƙunƙarar fari
Dabbobi iri-iri "Beauty Chernenko" ba ya dace da itatuwan 'ya'yan itace masu zafi da fari kuma ya fi son yin amfani da ruwa a lokacin rani-rani - akalla 5 ruwa a kowace kakar. A cikin yanayi maras kyau yawan waterings don ƙara.
A lokacin da ake nomawa, hanyar da ta fi dacewa ta yayyafa shi ne don shayarwa ba kawai kusa da ɓangaren itacen ba, har ma maɗaukaki na kambi (kwaikwayo na ruwan sama). 
A matsanancin zafi na yanayin yanayi, ƙarin watering ba lallai ba ne. Saboda yawancin danshi, 'ya'yan itace na iya lalata da kuma fasa.
Winteriness hardiness
Pear "Rashanciyar Rasha" ba ta da tsayayya ga yanayin zafi mai zurfi kuma yana buƙatar ƙarin fasahohin hunturu.
Don kare tushen tsarin, farfajiyar gefen ɓangaren tareda wani kwanciyar hankali na ciyawa (sawdust, hay, takin) zai taimaka. Za a iya kare katangar ta hanyar rufe shi tare da duk wani kayan da ba a saka (alal misali, rufin rufi). Yawan dusar ƙanƙara da aka sare a kai tsaye zuwa ga akwati ma zai kara juriya zuwa sanyi. 
Shin kuna sani? Matsayin juriya na hunturu za su iya ƙara yawan aiki na zamani da bishiyar da kwayoyin halitta a lokacin girma.
Amfani da 'ya'yan itace
Saboda matsayinsu na high, pears su ne mafi dacewa da amfani ga cin abinci marasa canji: sabo, dried ko gwangwani. Amma duk da haka, ana amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan abinci kamar' ya'yan itatuwa candied, compotes, jams, jams, jam, marshmallows, juices, kvass.
Har ila yau, an kara shi a matsayin karin sashi a wasu abubuwa masu nama, salads, desserts ko giya. 
Da abun ciki na gina jiki da kuma bitamin sa pear a m bangaren a cosmetology kamar yadda additives a masks, creams, tonics.
Baya ga pear, a cikin cosmetology, zaka iya amfani da ceri, hazel, nasturtium, savory, marigold, Linden, purslane, periwinkle, momordika, walnuts da veronica magani.
Ƙarfi da raunana
"Beauty Chernenko" - matasan iri-iri. Hybrids ya zama sakamakon hayewa, an nuna su don cimma wasu sigogi. Hannun dabi'un da aka horar da su suna rarraba daidai da rashin amfani. 
Gwani
Ƙananan "ƙananan" sun haɗa da:
- da sauri girma;
- 'ya'yan itatuwa masu dadi;
- karuwanci;
- kulawa mara kyau;
- high yawan amfanin ƙasa;
- cuta juriya.
Cons
Ma'aikata sun haɗa da:
- tsayi;
- da buƙatar ci gaba na kambi;
- lalacewar itace, mai saukin kamuwa da raguwa.
- low winter hardiness;
- marigayi;
- 'ya'yan itace marasa girma.
Shin kuna sani? Girman sabon rassan a cikin "Rasha Beauty" zai iya kai 1 m a kowace shekara.
Pear "Beauty Chernenko" - wani nau'i mai mahimmanci yana girma a tsakiyar layi. Duk da sauki, namo yana bukatar biyan wasu siffofi. Kuma don cimma matsakaicin yawan amfanin ƙasa, ana buƙatar dabarun fasaha da dama. A iri-iri yana da wasu zane-zane kuma ana girma ne ta hanyar ɗalibai. Babban amfani da "Rasha Beauty" za a iya kira da gaskiya high dandano 'ya'yan itatuwa.
