Diploma - namowa da kulawa a gida, haifuwa, nau'in hoto

Dipladenia wata itaciya ce da ke wuce gona da iri ta dangin kutra. Waɗannan su ne kullun daɗaɗɗa tare da kyawawan ganye ganye da inflorescences na tubular furanni 10 cm a diamita. A kan samfurin liana-kamar guda ɗaya, har zuwa 50 inflorescences tare da ƙanshin jin daɗi na iya yin fure lokaci guda.

Asalin diflomasiya shine Kudancin Amurka, Argentina. Furen fure yana iya kaiwa girman mita 5, amma tare da ingantaccen girki, an sami nasarar girma cikin yanayin ɗakin tare da matsakaicin tsawon rabin m. Dipladenia itace fure mai keɓewa tare da haɓaka mai girma. Tsawon shekara guda, tsiron yana ƙara 60-70 cm a tsayi.

Dubi kuma yadda ake girma cikin gida allamanda da catharanthus.

Diplases: kulawar gida. A takaice

Tsarin difloma a gida ana ɗaukar sahihan buƙata a cikin kulawa, amma batun halaye da dama na girma na girma - har ma dajin da ba ƙwarewa zai yi nasara.

Abubuwan kulawa na asali:

Kula da dipladenia a gida. Daki-daki

Saukar murzawa

Bayanan diflomasiyya na gida ana kiranta da "Bolivian rose," "Balsam ta Brazil," ko "Jasmin ɗin Chile." Furensa yana farawa a farkon bazara kuma yana ci gaba har zuwa farkon sanyi. Furannin diflomasiyya suna da girma, kusan 10 cm a diamita, suna da ƙanshin jin daɗi da launi iri-iri.

A matsayinka na mai mulki, waɗannan sune inflorescences na rasberi, rawaya, ruwan hoda ko tabarau mai haske. Bayan fure, fure suka riƙe kamanninsu tsawon kwanaki 10. Wannan inji yana da kyau don girma akan loggias, balconies, verandas, filayen lambun kuma suna da kyau ba wai kawai a daji daji ba, har ma a matsayin kyakkyawan itacen curling.

Yanayin Zazzabi

Tun da dipladeniya tsire-tsire ne na wurare masu zafi, a cikin lokaci na haɓaka mai aiki, furen yana buƙatar yanayi mai dumi, gumi tare da zazzabi na 21-25 ºС. Hakanan, liana sauƙin tsira daga yanayin zafi, idan aka kiyaye cewa ana kiyaye babban matakin zafi a cikin mazauninsa. A cikin hunturu, diflomasiyya suna shirya lokacin hutawa, wanda zai iya faruwa duka a zazzabi na +5 ºС, kuma a + 15ºС.

Fesa

Dipllad a gida daidai yake tsinkayar da iska mai ƙyalƙyali, maimaitawa akai-akai. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, an saka fure a cikin tire tare da pebbles ko sphagnum, an tallafa shi a cikin rigar ƙasa.

Kai tsaye an shuka tsiro da kanta an yayyafa shi da ruwa mai laushi, da nisantar lamba tare da budsan itacen.

Haske

"Bolivian fure" yana ɗayan waɗannan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu saurin gaske waɗanda suke da ikon yin girma da ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin zafin rana da kuma inuwa kaɗan. Windowsofar kudu, kudu maso gabas da gabas suna da kyau a gare ta. A cikin gajimare, yanayin sanyi, ana bada shawara don tsara hasken rana tsawon lokaci.

Watsewa Diplade

Plantungiyar mai gida ba ta yarda da ambaliyar ruwa ba, amma a lokacin rani tana buƙatar maimaita ruwa tare da ruwa mai laushi. Ana aiwatar da shi da zaran saman duniya ya bushe. A saboda wannan dalili, ana amfani da ruwan sama, ruwa mai taushi ko distilled, tunda shuka yana da matukar laushi ga ingancin danshi.

A cikin hunturu, a lokacin ci gaban ci gaba, musamman idan aka adana shi a yanayin zafi, ba a cika shayar da furanni ba, kamar yadda ake samun filayen zama tare da busasshen ƙurar ƙasa na dogon lokaci ba tare da nuna wariyar ci gaba ba.

Dankararren Dankali

Zaɓin furen fure don fure na diflomasiyya, sun fi son fadi da yawa, amma ba ma kwantena mai ƙarfin wuta ba. Tsarin tushen tsarin rarrabuwa baya yarda da danshi na tushen sa, wanda koyaushe yakan samar idan an sanya shuka a cikin tukunyar babban "fashewa".

Lokacin dasawa, lemun tsami yana jagoranta da girman rhizome, yana ɗaukar furen fure 3 cm mafi girma fiye da da.

Kasar

Soilasar don diflomasiyya dole ne ta kasance mai acidic da abinci mai gina jiki. Ya dace da ƙasa azalea, kuma cakuda abubuwan da ke biye:

• ƙasa mai lambun (sassa 2);
• ƙasar sheet (1 sashi);
• kasar peat (1 bangare);
• ƙananan pebbles ko perlite (1 part).

Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa ɗan fure ne wanda aka fi so a kwance ƙasa tare da yawan peat. Don tsire-tsire na manya, an yi amfani da ƙasa turf

Taki da taki

Ciyar da fure sau biyu a wata ruwa hadaddun don kyawawan fure. Taki amfani da azaleas kuma m. A lokacin rani, ana iya amfani dashi sau da yawa, kowane kwanaki 10. A cikin hunturu, shuka ba ya buƙatar ciyar da ma'adinai.

Juyawa

Ana aiwatar da dasawa a kowace shekara a farkon lokacin bazara ko a ƙarshen watan Afrilu. Perennial, tsire-tsire na fure da yawa suna hawa a hankali a cikin tukunya mafi girma ko kuma kawai maye gurbin saman 4 cm na ƙasa. Matasa masu furanni, saboda haɓakar saurin su, suna buƙatar dasawa sau biyu zuwa sau uku a shekara.

A cikin halayen guda biyu, yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da tsabtace ƙasa mai inganci, don zaɓar furannin furanni tare da kyawawan buɗaɗen ƙorafi don ɗera ruwa mai yawa.

Tsallake Tsintsaye

A matsayinka na mai mulkin, ana gudanar da girki a farkon lokacin bazara a lokaci guda kamar yadda ake yin shuka. A wannan lokacin, ya fi dacewa don daidaita haɓakar shuka, daidai don tabbatar da wadataccen fure. Babban karin haske game da rage ƙarfi:

• "whiskers" a cikin fure ana kafa shi idan mafi yawan lokuta yana cikin wuri mai inuwa. Idan akwai, irin waɗannan harbe dole ne a yanke su a cikin ƙaramin internodes;
• fure mai fure ya bayyana ne kawai akan rassan matasa, saboda haka yakamata yakamata ya zama na yau da kullun;
• a lokacin furanni, ba da shawarar kwalliya;
• zaku iya cire tsoffin rassan bayan fure, kafin fure ta shiga lokacin datake.

Ba'a bada shawarar yin amfani da tsabtatawa don girma na ampel ba. Babban zaɓi mafi dacewa shine girma fure kusa da bango, tsayuwa, tsani ko wani abu da ya dace, wanda zai zama tallafi ga liana. Lokacin girma diplade a cikin nau'i na daji, ana buƙatar mahimmin haɓaka da firam ɗin jagora.

Lokacin hutawa

Kulawa da dipladenia a gida ya hada da lokaci lokaci na shakatawa na shuka. Mafi yawan lokuta wannan lokacin yana kan Janairu, Fabrairu da farkon Maris. A saboda wannan dalili, an tsabtace fure a cikin sanyi, amma an cika ɗakin da zazzabi na 5 zuwa 15 ºС. Rage ruwa zuwa ƙarami. A wannan yanayin, dokar tana aiki - yana da kyau don shaƙa, wato, yana da kyau a kyale ɗanyen bushewa daga ƙasa fiye da danshi mai laima. Dipladenia bai yi haƙuri m dampness daga cikin tushen, rot na iya fara.

Girma rarrafe daga tsaba

Wannan hanyar aikin shukar filawa abu ne mai matukar wahala da matsala. Amma gogaggen lambu mafi yawanci an sami nasarar cimma sakamakon, suna aiki kamar haka:

• an shuka tsirran tsirrai a cikin ingantaccen bayani na rana;
• ana shirya tsaba masu ɗauka da sauƙi a cikin kwalliyar mai daɗaɗɗa da peat-sand substrate;
• an samar da shinkafa ta amfani da fim ko murfin gilashi;
• amfanin gona suna cikin iska a kai a kai, ana shayar da su da bindiga da aka fesa, an cire condensate;
• tsire-tsire biyu na ganye biyu waɗanda suka bayyana sun nutse cikin tukwane dabam tare da diamita ba fiye da 7 cm ba.

Cikakken yaduwar shuka da aka shuka ta wannan hanyar yakamata a sa ran aƙalla watanni 2-3.

Sake yin yaduwa ta hanyar yayyan itace

Hanya mafi sauki kuma mafi araha shine yaduwa ta hanyar yankan itace. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu:

1. Rooting a cikin ƙasa. An yanke shi daga kumburi, a cikin lokaci na ci gaba mai aiki, mai kunnawa mai sarrafawa yana sarrafa ƙararrawa kuma an dasa shi a cakuda sphagnum da peat. Itatuwan ya haifar da yanayin greenhouse tare da danshi na yau da kullun, samun iska da yawan zafin jiki na 25-27 ºС. Bayan kimanin wata guda, ana dasa tushen da sababbin ganye a cikin ƙasa mai ɗorewa.
2. Rooting cikin ruwa. Yankakken da aka yanka dan kadan ƙasa da ƙulli ya kai 5-6 cm an tsoma shi cikin haɓaka mai haɓaka (alal misali, tushe) kuma an sanya shi cikin ruwa tare da kwamfutar hannu mai narkewa a ciki. Tare da bayyanar tsiro na callus, kuma wannan yawanci makonni 3 ne na jira, ana dasa shuka a cikin cakuda azalea ƙasa da kayan kwakwa. Bayan haka, an rufe tsiron tare da jirgin ruwa tare da ramuka kuma sanya shi a cikin wurin dumi. Cikakken asalinsu sun riga sun bayyana a rana ta 4 kuma za'a iya dasa fure a cikin ƙasa mai ɗorewa.

Cutar da kwari

Matsaloli gama gari game da haɓakar diflomasiya:

• ganye diplladation ya juya ya zama rawaya kuma ya faɗi a kashe a matsanancin zafin jiki na iska;
• diflomasiyya a hankali yana haɓaka saboda rashi ko karancin wadatar abubuwan ma'adinai;
• diflomasiyya ba ta yi fure ba idan har furen yana cikin inuwa, bashi da haske mai haske;
• rot Tushen tare da tsananin waterlogging na kasar gona, a sakamakon yawaitar ruwa;
• sauri fadowa furanni faruwa bayan canji mai yawa a zazzabi;
• launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye wanda aka kafa a cikin m yanayin zafin jiki da kuma muni sosai;
• m aibobi da bakin ciki cobwebs nuna cewa fure gizo-gizo ya buga;
• farin aibobi a jikin bangon ganyen bayyana lokacin da tsutsa mai nauyi ya bayyana;
• drooping ganye yi magana game da matsanancin rashin danshi.

Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, kayan maye sun fi saurin kamuwa da cututtukan kamar su fararen fata da sihiri.

Nau'in diflomasiyya na gida tare da hotuna da sunaye

Wannan fure ya hada da nau'ikan bishiyoyi 40 masu launuka iri-iri. Daga cikin su, shahararrun tsire-tsire sune:

Ma’aikata suna da haske

Yana blooms tare da haske ruwan hoda inflorescences na 5-6 furanni. Tare da shekarun shuka, tushe ya zama bare, ba tare da ganye ba.

Dipladenia Laxa Dipladenia

An rarrabe ta da kara mai ƙarfi, mai ɗumbin yawa da fararen hular inflorescences, tsayayya zuwa yanayin zafi.

Diplomas na Sander (Dipladenia sanderi)

Babban fasalinsa shine launin rawaya mai launin rawaya ta furanni ruwan hoda mai laushi da ƙananan ganye zagaye zagaye 5 cm tsayi.

Diplodnia x amabilis

Liana-mai siffa mai launin furanni tare da furanni tare da diamita na 8 cm.

Mashahuri irin nau'in rarrabuwa, cikin nasara ba kawai a cikin gidajen kora ba, har ma a yanayi na yanayi:

Rawaya - wani irin creeper da zinariya rawaya inflorescences.

Kayan shafawa mai ruwan hoda - don haruffa jinsunan sune furanni masu launin shuɗi tare da cibiyar orange.

Classik ja - iri mai tsire-tsire waɗanda ke da furanni masu launin ja tare da ainihin rawaya.

Cosmos ruwan hoda - bambancin magana da yawa tare da manyan inflorescences, har zuwa 12 cm a diamita ga kowane fure.

Jawabi - Tana da launuka masu launin ja da fari tare da furannin furanni.