Hawan fure ya dace a kira shi Sarauniya na gonar, kuma tare da kulawa da dasawa da kyau, zai zama batun girman kai da kishi ga maƙwabtanka.
Bari muyi bayani game da yadda za mu kula da irin wannan kyakkyawan mace don ta yi farin ciki da ku a duk tsawon lokacin.
Short description da kuma rare iri
Hawan hawan suna da kyau ga pergolas, arches, fences, gazebos ko kayan ado na gidan gida. Wadannan tsayi ne, tsayi da tsayi da tsire-tsire, wanda ya buƙaci goyan baya. Sun fi son dumi da sauƙi yanayi da kuma tsari mai kyau don hunturu. Bisa ga rarrabuwa na kasa da kasa, akwai halaye 3 na wardi:
- Salatin da aka yi wa ɗakigirma daga 1.5 zuwa 3 m a tsawo;
- climbers - isa zuwa tsawo na 5 m;
- curly - kai mita 15.
1. Klymber - tunatar da tsire-tsire mai tsayi. A furanni suna da babban girma da kuma ƙanshi mai ƙanshi. Kyakkyawan ado na bangon bango, shinge ko grid. Dabbobi iri iri:
- Elfe
- Pinkcloud
- Paul Scarlet
- Roseanna
2. Rambler bambanta da ta sauƙi da sauƙi lankwasawa na harbe. An yi wa ado da ƙananan furanni da ƙananan furanni waɗanda suke girma ne kawai a kan harbe na shekara ta biyu:
- Ghistiane de felidonde
- Bobby james
- Paul Noel
3. Klaiming - iri-iri-iri-iri iri-iri, wanda ko da yake a karkashin tsari ba zai iya wucewa ba. Ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin suna da ƙananan, amma ƙananan furanni na iya zama daga 5 zuwa 11 cm, har ma injin yana da ƙanshi mai ƙanshi.
- Orange Triumph
- Cecilia Brunner
- Birnin York
4. Hawan Hawan Cordes (Hybrid Kordesii) ba shi da kyau kuma mai sanyi ne, yana da tsire daga farkon lokacin bazara zuwa marigayi Oktoba. Differs a cikin manufa nau'i na flower da tsawo blossoming. Mayu hunturu ba tare da tsari ba:
- Dortmund
- Hamburger Phoenix
- Ƙunƙasa
5. Lambert - Mafi girma flowering shrub tare da duhu foliage, resistant zuwa cututtuka:
- New Dawn Rouge
- Munich
6. Multiflora - shrub, wanda tsawo zai iya kaiwa 3 m, an yalwace shi da farin ko haske mai haske samfurori 1.5-2 cm a diamita tare da ƙanshi ƙanshi:
- Snow farar fata
- Generale Tetar
- Grouss-en-Zabern
- Melita
- Moselle
7. Vihuriana - Tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire, wanda aka fara daga Japan da China, ya kai mita 6 m, yana da manyan spikes mai lankwasawa:
- Excelsa
- Red poppy
- Alberkin Barbier
- Glen dale
- Aelita
8. Rosa Banks - daga 5 zuwa 12 m tsawo, furanni ƙananan, 1-3 cm. Ya bambanta a farkon flowering, daga Afrilu zuwa farkon Yuli. Akwai irin wannan irin wardi Banks:
- Alba Plena
- Banksia Hybrid
- Lutea Plen
Shin kuna sani? A Jamus, ganuwar masallaci Hildesheim ke tsiro mafi girma daji a cikin duniya, wanda ya riga ya kusan shekara 1000.
Yanayin girma
Za'a yi la'akari da zabi na wuri da tsire-tsire masu tsayi a tsire-tsire a cikin mafi girman daki-daki, in ba haka ba ka fuskanci takaici a cikin girma da girma.
Zaɓi wuri
Wannan shrub fi so mai tsanani da rana, wuraren zafi da aka busa da iska. Amma a lokaci guda, injin ba ya jure wa kwaskwarima da iska ta arewa, don haka dasa shuki a kusurwar gidan ko a wurare masu tartsatsi suna ƙyamar shi. Da kyau, idan fure yana cikin inuwa na tsawon sa'o'i kadan a lokacin cin abinci, za ku iya kaucewa bayyanar furen furen da kuma petals a kan shuka.
Kafin dasa shuki, la'akari da yadda za ka sa daji don hunturu. Tun da tsawo ya kai mita 2 da sama, dole ne a dasa shi don haka a nan gaba bazai tsoma baki tare da wasu tsire-tsire waɗanda basu buƙatar tsari.
Lokacin dasa shuki da yawa daga cikin wardi, ci gaba da nisa na 0.5-1 m tsakanin su, ba kasa da 40 cm daga bangon ko goyon baya, kuma 0.5 m daga wasu shuke-shuke.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ginin yana da tsarin tushen lokaci. - har zuwa m 2, kuma bai yarda da ruwan ƙasa mai mahimmanci da ƙasa mai tsabta ba. Saboda haka, kana buƙatar shuka fure a kan tudu ko a kan wani makirci tare da dan takaici.
Bukatun shara
Ya kamata kasar gona ta kasance mai laushi kuma a hadu da shi a kasa da 30 cm cikin zurfin. Gidan ya fi son ƙasa mai yalwa-ƙasa wanda ruwan ruwan sama ko ruwa daga ban ruwa bai tsaya a tushen ba kuma yana zurfi. Mafi yawan abin da ake so shi ne ƙasa mai laushi, takin tare da takin gargajiya ko humus. Idan kana da yumbu, to, zaka iya cire shi da yashi. Idan kasar gona ta yi nauyi sosai, to, peat ya zama cikakke don sassautawa.
Saukowa lokaci
Lokacin mafi kyau don dasa shuki zai zama dumi ranar Mayu, lokacin da duniya ta warke kuma ta kasance mai dumi yanayi. Sa'an nan za ku san tabbas daji za suyi tushe kuma su kasance a shirye don hunturu. Zaka iya shuka shi a cikin fall, amma ya fi kyau a yi a watan Satumba, don haka fure yana da lokaci ya dauki tushe kafin farawar sanyi.
Yaya za a dasa tsire-tsire
Zabi da kuma shirye-shirye na seedlings
Ranar kafin ranar dasawa, an shuka seedlings a cikin ruwa. Yana da shawara don tsoma ba kawai tushen tsarin ba, amma dukan sapling. Kafin dasa shuki, za mu yanke tsawon tafiyar matakai masu tsauraran matakan tushen tsarin, da barin 15-20 cm a kowane gefe. Zaka iya disinfect wani shuka ta hanyar tsintsa shi a cikin wani bayani na 3% jan karfe sulphate. Yanke wurare a kan harbe da kuma man shafa su da lambun lambu, kuma a kan tushen tare da toka, don kauce wa kamuwa da cuta tare da naman gwari ko kamuwa da cuta. Wadannan hanyoyi masu sauki zasu taimakawa wajen bunkasa girma da kuma ci gaba da fure.
Shirya shiri
Rana kafin dasa shuki, rassan suna narke rami game da 0.5 x 0.5 m cikin girman, la'akari da girman tsarin tushen, saboda abu mai mahimman abu shi ne cewa yana jin kyauta a rami. Zuba 1 guga na taki ko takin, gauraye sosai da ƙasa, da yalwa da ruwa.
Shuka furanni
- A kasan fossa, an kafa karami don kafa tushen furen za a iya yadawa, don hana su daga curling zuwa sama.
- Mun sanya seedling daidai a tsakiyar, sabõda haka, site grafting ko wuyansa wuyansa ne koma zuwa zurfin 10-12 cm.
- Na gaba, muna cika rami tare da kashi biyu cikin uku na duniya, da tabbaci da kuma dubawa don rashin raguwa, da kuma zuba ruwa.
- Sai kawai lokacin da aka shayar da ruwa sai mu cika cikewar ta ci gaba da ƙasa tare da sanya shi har zuwa 20 cm high.
Kula da kyau da kuma samuwar daji
Lokacin da aka dasa shukar daji daidai, muna kuma bukatar mu kula da shi yadda ya kamata don samun yawan furanni da tsire-tsire.
Watering
Hawan fure ba ya son cike da danshi, saboda ana buƙatar watering kowane kwanaki 8-12, dangane da hazo ko yanayin zafi. Yana da muhimmanci kada ku manta da ruwa da tsire-tsire a lokacin girma da kuma lokacin bayyanar buds, wannan zai ba shi karfi don tsawon lokaci. Kana buƙatar zuba buckets 1-2 a kan daji, dangane da girmanta. Bayan 'yan kwanaki bayan watering, sassauta ƙasa zuwa zurfin 5 cm, saboda wannan yana taimakawa iska ta shiga cikin tushen da kuma adana laima. Zaka iya grush yankin kusa da daji tare da haushi ko sawdust.
Yana da muhimmanci! Hawan ya tashi - wannan ba itace da za ta yi farin ciki ba. Daga wannan, zafi mai yawa yana kara kusa da daji, yana taimaka wa bayyanar da ci gaban cututtukan fungal.
Taki
A lokacin bazara, an yi shrub da shrub tare da ma'adinai mai mahimmanci. Yi maimaita ciyar da kowane makonni 2-3. Na biyu miya za a iya yi tare da cakuda mullein da ash, diluted da ruwa, don basal miya, kamar yadda wannan zai taimakawa wajen haske da yawan flowering. Dukkan gyaran gyare-gyare ya kamata a yi a lokacin girma da kuma lokacin flowering.
Daga tsakiyar lokacin rani, wardi sun daina yin amfani da su tare da kayan kwari na nitrogen kuma a canza su zuwa potash-phosphate. Wannan wajibi ne don shirye-shiryen haɓakaccen tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire zuwa yanayin hutawa da kuma hunturu.
Hanyoyin da ba na gargajiya ba tare da yisti, tarwatse, da ammonia ruwa suna amfani da su a gidaje.
Pruning
Girman bishiyoyi yana daya daga cikin hanyoyin da ya fi dacewa da kuma kulawa da shi, kamar yadda ingancin flowering da kuma samuwar sabon harbe mai karfi sun dogara da shi.
Kowane spring, ko da kuwa irin wardi, sanitary pruning ne da za'ayi, cire lalace da kuma m harbe. Bugu da kari pruning kai tsaye ya dogara da ko ku sau ɗaya ko sake-flowering shrub. 
A wani hawan dutse ya fure cewa furanni sau ɗaya a kakar, buds sun bayyana a kan harbe na shekarar da ta gabata da bara. A kan tsofaffi na harbe-rani-maye gurbin zasu bayyana, wanda zai dauki babban ɓangaren flowering na gaba shekara. Saboda barin 3-5 daga cikin harbe-harben shekaru biyu, da kuma adadi guda ɗaya.
Idan fure ya sake furewa, buds suna bayyana a kan dukkan harbe har zuwa shekaru 4, kuma ya raunana har tsawon shekaru 5. Saboda haka, an cire manyan harbe a cikin wannan yanayin don shekaru 4 na girma, barin wurin sabon.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin ayyukan Shakespeare, an ambaci fure fiye da sau 50. Ana girmama sunan marubucin da yawa a cikin harsunan Turanci tare da ainihin ainihin.
Kwayar cuta da cutar
Mafi cututtuka da cututtuka na yau da kullum na hawa wardi sune:
1. Mealy dew. Halinsa yana haifar da matsanancin zafi a cikin zazzabi da kuma yawan ƙyama. Nau'in launin fata a kan gangar jikin kuma ya bar. Dukkanin abubuwan da aka cutar sun yanke kuma sun ƙone, suna kula da injin tare da ruwa mai launi ko jan karfe sulfate.
2. Black spot. Ya bayyana kamar launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye da kuma mai tushe. Yanke yankunan da aka shafa, dan kadan ya kama bangaren da ba a taɓa gani ba, kuma ya ƙone. An shuka shuka tare da ruwa na Bordeaux.
3. Ciwon daji na kwayar cutar. Saboda haka ana kiran kananan ƙananan launin ruwan kasa, wanda hakan zai haifar da rinjaye kuma ya shafi dukkanin shuka. Yanzu a kasuwar babu kwayoyi da zasu iya shawo kan wannan cuta, saboda yana da muhimmanci a aiwatar da rigakafi. Kafin sayen sayo kayan aiki don duba stains. Kafin dasa, tsoma cikin bayani na jan karfe sulfate. Kuma idan an riga an gano cutar, to, ku yanke kuma ku ƙone dukan yankunan da suka shafa. 
Mafi yawan mutane masu son su ci wani fure - gizo-gizo mites da aphids. Don magance su, ya isa sayan kwari, irin su Aktara, Fitoverm, Iskra da sauransu. Kada ka manta ka bi duk shawarwari don amfani da aka nuna akan kunshin.
Kuma don rigakafi tsari bushes Bordeaux ruwa ko shuka marigolds a kusa da, domin sun kafa kansu a matsayin ainihin masu sayar da farashi pest.
Frost kariya
Dukan wardi masu hawa suna da thermophilic, saboda haka kana buƙatar alhakin saurin yanayin hunturu.
Akwai hanyoyi biyu: a kan matakan da kuma guga man da shrub zuwa ƙasa.
Idan kun yi amfani da zaɓi na biyu, ya rufe fure a wuri mai mahimmanci, to, ku shirya don abin da zai iya ɗaukar ku kwanan nan, ko ma a mako guda. Har ila yau, wajibi ne a rufe lokacin da yanayin iska yake sama da sifilin, saboda a cikin sanyi mai tushe zai iya karya.
Don rufe wardi don hunturu, za ku iya yin gine-gizen ta hanyar kwantar da hankalin katako a cikin ƙasa kuma ku rufe su da kayan rufe.Idan kun lanƙara daji kuma ku ji cewa zai iya karya, to, ku dakatar da kwanciya kuma ku gyara daji a wannan matsayi kaɗan. Lokacin daji ya yi nasara da shi, kun sanya shi a ƙasa, kunna shi, haɓaka maɗauren ɓangare, da kuma ɗora rassan da rassan bishiyoyi na musamman. A hankali rufe dukan daji da spruce rassan da kunsa da agrofibre ko lokacin farin ciki fim.
Don sauke shafuka tare da yanayi mai zafi, tsari a kan goyon baya ya dace. Yana da ɗan bambanci daga zaɓi na farko. Wannan babban tsauni ne daga cikin daji, da ajiye shi da tsari tare da wannan matsala kuma kunsa.A cikin lambun gonarka zaka iya girma iri-iri iri - Floribunda, Kanada, shayi, Turanci, daji, wrinkled, murfin ƙasa.Mun gaya muku dukkanin muhimman bayanai game da hawan dutse, dasawa da kulawa. Ta hanyar bin waɗannan shawarwari, za ku sami kyakkyawan kayan ado wanda zai ji daɗin lambun ku a tsawon shekaru.
