Masu sana'a da masu girbi na furanni suna yin ƙoƙari don ƙirƙirar haske, kuma mafi mahimmanci - kullum blooming flower gadaje.
Don yin wannan, haɗa nau'o'in albarkatun fure, daban-daban dangane da flowering, tsawo na peduncles da bambanci ko daidaitawa da launi tare da juna.
Dukkanin wadannan iri-iri ana shuka su don maye gurbin mazaunan flowerbed da sababbin tsire-tsire. Kuma a cikin warware wannan aikin, kyawawan furanni zasu taimaka masa, wanda yake fitowa daga gandun daji na Istia - Ixia.
Wannan wani yanayi mai ban sha'awa na wurare masu zafi wanda zai iya fure a cikin yanayin ƙasashen kudancin shekara. A cikin wannan labarin za mu dubi yadda za'a bunkasa wannan kyakkyawan fure a tsakiyar Rasha, yadda za'a kula da ita da kuma yadda za a yada shi.
Iri da iri
Ixia wani tsirrai ne mai ban sha'awa na Afirka ta Kudu, mai yawan furanni, tare da launuka daban-daban. Rabin mita na mita hamsin ya ƙare a cikin ɓoyewa ta hanyar kunne, kunshi kananan furanni.
An yi fentin furanni a cikin launuka masu launi: rawaya, fari, ruwan hoda, orange, yashi, dukkanin ja. Ixia fara fara girma a tsakiyar tsakiyar lokacin rani: shekara ta biyu na Yuli da dukan Agusta. Gudun ruwa yana da wata guda, to, furanni sun bushe, fadi, fure-fure iri a wuri. 
Ganye, kamar mazaunin kudu masoya, yana son rana. Yana da zafi, yanayin rana cewa flowering na yanayin zafi na wurare masu zafi shi ne mafi ban mamaki.
Gwaninta yana mai kyau zuma kuma yana janye ƙudan zuma da sauran ƙwayoyin pollinating tare da ƙanshi mai dadi. A yanayin yanayin mu, an shuka shuka a amfanin gona na shekara-shekara.
Shin kuna sani? Da dare da cikin ruwan sama ko yanayi mai hadari, furanni na ixia kusa, idan babu rana, inji ba shi da dadi.A halin yanzu, akwai fiye da nau'in 20 na wannan yanayi mai ban mamaki a cikin wurin zama na halitta. A kan wadannan nau'in, shayarwa bred da dama iri da kuma hybrids na ixia. Florists so wadannan iri:
- Ixia Hymenocallis festalis - shuka yana da tsayi mai tsayi (har zuwa 70 cm), an rufe shi da furanni masu furanni tare da ƙananan furanni. A kyau flower yana da m, dan kadan tart ƙanshi.
- Ixia kore furanni - Wannan furen Afirka na farko a farkon (a farkon shekarun Yuli). Ƙunƙasar ƙwayar ta ƙunshi ƙananan furanni masu haske da kore haske a cikin tauraron taurari. Florescence spikelet blooms magnificently da kuma spectacularly tsawon 25-35 days. Tsawon babban sinadarin yana da kashi 45-50 cikin centimeters.
- Ixia Hybrid - mafi ado na kowane irin wannan perennial. Ta hanyar kokarin masu shayarwa, akwai nau'ikan samfurori da m, furanni mai launin furanni - wani abu da ba za ku taba gani ba. Amma akwai wasu sababbin nau'o'in da suka fi dacewa da launi na petals: farin, rawaya, orange da ruwan hoda. Tsawancin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu yawa sun kasance daga 30-50 cm.
- Ixia an hange shi - m, da ciwon ganye mai laushi, wanda yayi girma a gindin kunnen kullun da kuma launi mara kyau na furanni waɗanda suke da fure-fure. Furen suna da kullun duhu tare da haske a kusa da gefen. Karu inflorescence ya kai tsawo na 50-55 cm.
- Ixia Orange - kusan dan ƙaramar wakilin wannan iyali. Cibiyar Lilliput ba ta girma sama da santimita 20 ba, amma karamin girma yana biya ta hanyar furewa mai yawa. Low ixia kyandirori suna rufe da furanni tare da furanni tare da furanni na fata, tsakiyar flower shine darkon fata.
- Ixia ja - wata shuka da ta samu karbuwa a tsakanin lambu a fadin duniya tare da furanni mai launin furanni waɗanda ke da kyau lokacin saukowa a mixborders. Tsayi na Tropical mai girma ya kai 45 cm.
- Ixia Mix - Watakila mafi yawan kayan ado na wannan furen, wanda kawai wakilan Ixia matasan zasu iya gasa da kyau. Yana da manyan abubuwa masu banƙyama, a fentin su a cikin sauti masu kyau, masu kirkiro na kayan ado na fure.
Ƙunƙarar ƙwayoyi masu launin rawaya, Fusho, burgundy, kyawawan ruwan hoda, snow-white, lemun tsami. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire kadan fiye da kwanaki 20. Tsinkayar baƙo na wurare masu zafi zai fara a mako na biyu na watan Yuli kuma zai kasance har zuwa farkon kwanan watan Agusta.
Shin kuna sani? Sunan ixia na furen ya fito daga kalmar Helenanci ixios, wanda ke nufin "manne tsuntsu". Ana kiransa furen saboda haka kututturen tsire-tsire yana da tsayi da tsayayye, wanda zai haifar da matsala ga magunguna masu zafi da yawa waɗanda ke son shi ƙwarai.
Lokacin da aka shuka a cikin ƙasa mai bude (spring, kaka)
Kuna iya dasa kwararan fitila na ixia a cikin ƙasa na gadon furen titi a gaban hunturu da kuma a cikin bazara, kawai kawai kuna buƙatar la'akari da yankin tudun da kuke zaune.
Tun da tsire-tsire shi ne dan ƙasar da ke zaune a cikin wurare masu zafi, an bada shawara a dasa shi a cikin ƙasa a tsakiya a tsakiyar Rasha a lokacin dumi.
A cikin bazara, lokacin da bazawar dawowa (yawanci a cikin watan Afrilu ko a farkon rabin watan Mayu) sun tafi, an dasa corms na Ixia a cikin ƙasa mai tsanani. A lokacin da dasa shuki kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa a zurfin 8-10 cm ba kasa da digiri Celsius 15 ba.
A kudancin Rasha, ana iya shuka ixia, kamar sauran itatuwan bulbous, a cikin kaka. Amma ko da tare da irin wannan sauƙi da dumi, kana bukatar ka dauki kariya daga daskarewa hunturu flower tubers.
Girman dasa shuki na furanni na Ixia yana nuna zurfafa corms a bude ƙasa zuwa zurfin akalla 10-12 cm, karamin ƙasa na kasa ba zai iya kare albarkatun m daga sanyi ba. 
Amma wannan ba duka ba ne - kulawa da kari ga tsire-tsire masu zuwa shine haɗawa da kwanciya mai laushi a kan bishiyoyi na nodules da aka dasa a ƙasa (sawdust, peat foda, dan kadan guga guga).
Tsawancin layin ajiyar zafi zai zama akalla 10-15 cm. Bayan da dusar ƙanƙara ta sauko daga flowerbed, an cire maɓallin ciyawa ta amfani da tsintsiya ko rake.
Ana shirya wani wurin saukowa
Kasancewa na Afrika, Ixia ya bada matsanancin bukatu akan zafi, yawan zafin jiki na ƙasa, iska da isasshen hasken rana. Sabili da haka, lokacin da aka ƙayyade shi don zama na dindindin a cikin wani lambu ko gadon filawa, dole ne a ɗauki duk waɗannan dalilai.
Kodayake shuka ita ce tsire-tsire mai ruwa, a lokacin da yake dasa shukiyarsa, wajibi ne a kula da gaskiyar cewa kasar gona inda za ta yi girma tana da kyau, kuma ruwa ba ya damuwa a cikinta. 
Rashin ruwa a cikin ƙasa zai iya haifar da juyawa daga cikin kwararan fitila da kansu ko tushen asalin tsofaffi, saboda sakamakon abin da tsire-tsire zasu yi ya mutu kuma ya mutu. Idan ƙasa shine yumbu ko flowerbed yana cikin kwari (ko yaushe yana yin rigakafi a can), zaka iya gyara halin da ake ciki ta hanyar ƙara dan yashi a yayin da kake yin furen.
Yawancin lokaci yawan adadin yashi ya lasafta kamar haka: daya guga na yashi yana amfani da kowane ma'auni na mita na flowerbed. Wannan zai ba da laushi ga ƙasa kuma ya kawar da lalacewar danshi.
Bayan an zaba wurin, yana da shawara don takin kasar gona a kan flowerbed. Ana yin amfani da takin mai magani a ƙasa, bayan haka ƙasa tana diguwa tare da tarin tafki (ya rabu) da felu ko chopper.
Zaka iya takin kasar gona da dama da dama:
- Lambar zaɓi 1 - a kan farfajiya na gadon filawa da aka warwatse shanu ko mai kyau humus watsa. Don mita 10 na lambun gadaje yana buƙatar guga na irin wannan taki.
- Lambar zaɓi 2 - takin gonar furen nan gaba tare da ma'adanai. Don yin wannan, yi cakuda lissafi ga kowane mita mita na ƙasa: 50-70 g na superphosphate; 20 g na magnesium; 1 lita kwalba na itace ash.
Shin kuna sani? Masana kimiyya sun nuna cewa tsire-tsire masu amsawa a gaban mutane daban-daban ba iri daya bane. Masana ilimin halitta sunyi gwaji wanda aka umurci mutum daya don cire kayan furen fure, wani kuma don sassauta ƙasa a asalin furen ruwa da ruwa. Kayan da aka nuna sun nuna bambancin daban-daban na tsire-tsire zuwa tsarin kula da wadannan mutane.
Fasahar fasaha
Wannan shuka yana girma a hanyoyi da dama. Dangane da hanyar da aka zaɓa zai zama daban-daban da fasahar tasowa.
Dasa kwararan fitila
Tsibirin Ixia, kamar sauran tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, ba yawancin hunturu a bude ƙasar a kasarmu. Sabili da haka, a lokacin da albasarta na dasa shuki na sissy na wurare masu zafi, irin wannan fasaha an lura:
- Abu na farko an lasafta lokaci na gaba don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, daga lokacin da aka ƙaddara lokacin saukowa a bude ƙasa an ƙidaya shi a wasu sharuɗɗa 14-17 days. Wannan zai zama ranar fara aiki a kan farkawa da kuma cikewar corm.
- An yad da kwararan fitila mai shekaru uku na tsawon minti 15-20 a cikin raunin mai samfurin manganese wanda zai iya magance cututtuka daga cututtukan fungal.
- Na gaba, an sarrafa shi a potassium, wanda aka yi wanka a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai tsabta mai tsafta.
- An kwashe Corms don kara cigaba. Don yin wannan, ana zuba rami mai zurfi 10 cm na rigar rigar ko yari mai yayyafi a kasa na wani akwati mai zurfi amma fadi (akwati kwali, akwatin katako). A kan wannan kayan kwance kusa, kwan fitila zuwa kwan fitila, dasa kayan da aka shimfiɗa. An rufe akwatin na germination tare da filastik kunna a saman kuma an sanya shi a kan dakin taga-dumi ko kuma a kan taga na gidan waya.
- Kowace rana, fim yana sama a cikin akwati, ana kwashe condensate da ke kan fuskar polyethylene, ana kwantar da tsire-tsire na minti 10 sa'an nan kuma an rufe shi.
Bayan makonni biyu, sprouts ɗaya ko fiye zasu bayyana a kowace kwan fitila. Idan nodule ba ta tsiro ba, yana nufin cewa ba dace da dasa ba, kuma an jefa shi. An dasa dukkanin kwararan fitila a cikin wuri mai dindindin, wuri mai riga aka shirya.
Domin furen ya yi tsawo da kyau, kwararan fitila fiye da shekaru uku an zaba don dasa shuki a cikin flowerbed. A cikin al'amuran da aka gina, kayan dasa mai kyau Ixia, corm ya kamata ya zama akalla 4-6 cm a diamita, sai dai inji zai ji dadin lambu tare da tsawon lokaci mai tsawo.
Idan ana shuka furanni a cikin layuka, to, ana lura da irin wannan yanayin shuka:
- a cikin jere a tsakanin tsire-tsire, tsayin nisa na 15-20 centimeters;
- idan akwai irin waɗannan layuka, to, tsakanin su ya kamata a bar tsakanin layuka akalla 25-30 cm.
Girma daga zuriyar
Mai tafiya mai tsaka-tsakin zai iya girma daga iri. Wannan wata hanya ce ga mutanen da suke da hakuri ko, alal misali, waɗanda suke so su adana duk dukiyar da sauri da ninka iri-iri iri iri da suka samu.
Domin ya girma seedlings na ixia flower, kana buƙatar:
- don shirya ruwan magani na musamman, wanda zai kunshi sashi na yashi, kashi 1 na peat foda da sassan 2 na gonar lambu;
- sanya ƙasa da aka shirya a cikin akwatin saukowa na musamman, matakin kuma yana wankewa;
- Shuka furen fure don seedlings da ake bukata a cikin marigayi Fabrairu. A saman ƙasa, yada tsaba na ixia kuma yayyafa su da ƙasa mai bushe. Da sauƙi a sake. Layar ƙasa a saman tsaba bai wuce girman su fiye da sau biyu ba;
- akwati da tsaba da aka shuka suna rufe shi da gilashi mai haske, wanda yakan sau biyu a mako zuwa albarkatu na iska da kuma shayarwa mai tsabta.
- a lokacin da matasan matasan suka kai ga tsawo na 2-3 cm, suna da nauyin amfanin gona. Ƙararruwar tsire-tsire masu tsayi a ciki, an bar tsire-tsire a nesa da 2 cm daga juna;
- A tsakiyar watan Afrilu, ana dauke akwatin da tsirrai a cikin sararin sama kuma ya taurare a yanayin zafi fiye da digiri 10 na Celsius. Ana kawo akwatin ajiya a cikin gidan kawai idan zafin jiki ya sauko da digiri Celsius 8.
Yana da muhimmanci! A farkon shekara ta rayuwa, Ixia shuka girma daga tsaba samar da kananan matasa albasa a kan tushen cewa kana bukatar ka tono don kaka. A cikin hunturu, an adana albasa a yanayin zafi mai zurfi sama da sifili. A cikin shekara ta biyu na girma girma, a lokacin bazara, kwan fitila za ta ci gaba da karuwa, kuma a cikin shekara ta uku na rayuwa za a yi shuka.
Basic kula (watering, ciyar)
Don haka kwarewa na girma Ixia ya ci nasara kuma ya kawo gamsar ga mai kula da lambun, mai kula da shuka a gonar yana buƙatar dacewa da yawan watering a tushen da a kan ganye (moisturizing watering).
Kana buƙatar ruwa da shuka bisa ga wannan jadawalin:
- farkon makonni 2 bayan dasa shuki da tsire-tsire basu buƙatar watering;
- da zarar na farko da harbe daga ƙasa ze, raunin ruwa ake bukata (kadan damp ƙasa);
- dasa Ixia, shiga lokacin flowering, kana buƙatar ruwa a kowace rana, amma kadan kadan (kada ku zuba);
- lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na sama ya fi digiri Celsius 26, ruwan sha yana da amfani ga tsire-tsire (watering a kan ganye);
- da zaran da tsire-tsire Bloom, watering za a iya tsaya.
A tsawon tsawon kakar girma, furanni suna buƙatar ciyarwa akai-akai. Ciyar da gadon filawa tare da nitrogen da wasu abubuwa masu muhimmanci a cikin hanyoyi masu zuwa:- Lambar zaɓi 1 - Ana saya kayan ado na ma'adinai don furanni na lambun a cikin shagunan gonaki, ana shafe bisa ga umarnin kuma an kara dashi ga tushen shuka.
- Lambar zaɓi 2 - shirya mayar da hankali ga ƙwayar taki da aka ƙaddamar daga ƙwayar kaji. Don yin wannan, ɗauki rabin guga na sabo ko tsuntsaye mai bushe, cika shi da ruwan zafi zuwa gefen guga, ya rufe shi kuma sanya shi a cikin wani wuri mai nisa, a cikin kusurwar rana.
An sanya litter a cikin makonni 2, abin da ke ciki na akwati dole ne a haɗe shi tare da katako na katako. Bayan kwanaki 14, mayar da hankali ga miyawa a shirye.
Don amfani: Ƙara rabin lita na ƙira zuwa guga na ruwan sanyi mai tsabta, haɗuwa sosai da kuma zuba shuke-shuke masu shuke-shuke a ƙarƙashin tushen. Za a iya yin wannan gyaran a cikin lokacin rani tare da hutu tsakanin dressings na 10-15 days.
Don tsawan lokaci na flowering a kan tsire-tsire, an yanke katako da aka rushe tare da shears. Wannan yana ƙaruwa da kayan ado na gadon filawa kuma a lokaci guda yana taimakawa wajen bunkasa ɓangaren ɓangaren shuka (kwararan fitila).
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin da tsuntsaye na tsuntsaye (tsuntsaye) suke cin abinci, ba abincin dadi mai kyau ba zai fito daga cikin tanki, saboda haka ya fi kyau zabi wurin da za a shigar da tanki da taki daga mutane.
Kiwo
A cikin tsarin ciyayi (a lokacin rani), wani mai girma mai shekaru uku albasa ya kara girma ƙananan nodules (yara).
An raba albasa da albasarta daga cormin uterine, yafa masa itacen ash don adanawa mai kyau kuma adana shi a cikin akwati dabam don ajiya ajiya.
Za a dasa su a cikin bazara, amma ba a cikin gadon filawa ba, amma a wani wuri dabam don girma ƙwayoyin ƙwayar ƙwayar zuma. A cikin fall, wadannan kwararan fitila za a sake fitar da su kuma sake komawa ajiya.
Kuma kawai a cikin shekara ta uku corm zai zama tsofaffin isa a dasa su don samun lush da yawan flowering.
Za'a iya yada wannan shuka ta hanyar rarraba tsufa. Don yin wannan, an yanke shi da wuka da yawa a cikin giya ko kuma a cikin wuta a cikin sassa daban-daban. 
Lokacin yanka wani tuber, an kula da shi sosai, sakamakon haka, ana samun wani ɓangare na lobe na tushen da kuma daya daga cikin rayayyun halittu mai rai a kan dukkanin yankakken cormin uterine. Yanke kayan lambu da aka yayyafa shi da itace ash (ash) kuma a dasa shi a cikin ɗakin wuta.
Rigun sakawa ga ƙananan matasan da kuma shekaru biyu da kuma yanke sassa na kwararan fitila a cikin ƙasa shine 5-6 cm, nisa tsakanin tsire-tsire da aka dasa shi ne 3-5 cm. Tsakanin rani a cikin gandun gandun daji yana da nisa daga cikin katako, kimanin centimita 20.
Shin kuna sani? Na farko lambu sun kasance mazauna d ¯ a Misira. An fara fararen kayan ado na farko fiye da dubu 4 da suka wuce.
Cututtuka da kwari
Ixia itace tsire-tsire wadda ke da matukar damuwa ga kwari da cututtuka. Daga kwari da ke cutar da gonar lambun, wani lokacin aphid ya lalata ta. Domin adana furanni daga kwaro, ya isa ya kula da duk wani kwari ta amfani da mai shinge na lambu don kula da tsire-tsire.
Wannan aiki zai šauki tsawon kwanaki 30-35. Idan ya cancanta, za a iya maimaita saurin tazarar kwari sau da yawa a kowace kakar.
Tun lokacin da aka samar da maxin ixia da kwararan fitila na tubers, wajibi ne a dauki matakai don hana abin da ke faruwa na cututtuka na fungal a kan kayan shuka. 
Harkokin fungal sun kai ga gaskiyar cewa yankin da ya shafi yanki ya karu da sauri, tuber ya rufe shi da fungal spores (mold), nama na kwan fitila din da ke juyayi. Tubers kwance kusa da kayan shuka masu shafar sun zama marasa lafiya kuma suka mutu.
Чтобы предотвратить грибные болезни, цветочные клубни обрабатывают фунгицидами, опыляют древесным пеплом или замачивают в светлом растворе марганца.
Ana shirya don hunturu
Tun da yawancin nodules na Turawa ba su iya ciyar da hunturu a yanayin mu, masu aikin lambu sun samo kyakkyawar algorithm domin girma wadannan furanni.
Ƙarshen lokacin girma, lokacin da inflorescences sun fure a kan shuka, sunadarai sun samo asali, tsaba sun yi furewa kuma rassan ya fara bushewa, wannan alama ce ga mai tsabta cewa lokaci yayi da za a yi tsire-tsire.
Don digging zaɓi rana a bushe, yanayin rana. Bayan an cire kayan dasa daga ƙasa, an kafa nodules a cikin rana don kwanaki 5-7. Bayan haka an lalata su tare da toka kuma an adana su cikin kwali na kwandon ajiya a cikin hunturu.
Ana adana kwalaye a ƙananan zafin jiki mai kyau (digiri Celsius 14), iska lokaci-lokaci kuma duba yanayin da ya dace. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan an samo kwan fitila a hunturu a lokacin bincike na hunturu na adanar da aka adana, an cire shi nan da nan don kada ya harba sauran kayan kayan.
Yi amfani da zane-zane
Ixia mai haske ne kuma mai haske, tare da tsalle-tsalle masu launi masu launin kayan ado. Masu sana'a da masu kayatarwa masu kyan gani tare da taimakon Ixia shuke-shuke sun cire gine-gine maras kyau na ƙananan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Yayinda yake kama da furan tsuntsaye, Ixia yana da kyau a kan nunin nunin faifai, kuma a matsayin mai kyan gani tare da filin jirgin sama. Ganye yana da kyau saboda bazai rasa sakamako na ado a kan gwadawa a cikin kananan gonaki da kuma yin amfani da furanni akan manyan wurare da nisa.
A cikin gonaki masu noma, wasu iri daban-daban na wannan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire suna dasa kuma suna wasa da bambancin launuka da nauyin nau'o'in iri daban-daban da kuma hybrids na kudancin. 
Yana da muhimmanci! Ana iya shuka bako a cikin tukunyar tukunya: za ta yi ado da baranda, wani gidan waya ko gidan zafi mai zafi.
Wannan shi ne yadda za ku iya yi ado rani rani tare da kyakkyawan tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ta hanyar dasa su a cikin gado na gadonku. Muna fata shawararmu game da kulawa da kuma noma ba shine ma'anar tropikanki ba.
Ƙananan aiki, ɗan kulawa da dumi, da kyau Ixia za su ji dadin lambu tare da ƙanshi da kuma tsayi mai ban mamaki a cikin lokacin rani. Sa'a mai kyau, masu shuka furanni!
