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Shuke-shuke

Dokoki don dasa cherries

Cherry ita ce mafi girma nau'in ceri, sananne ne shekaru dubu takwas BC. Wannan tsire-tsire mai ƙauna na zafi na latitude na kudu kawai a ƙarni na ƙarshe saboda godiya ga ƙoƙarin shayarwa ya fara ci gaba zuwa yankuna masu sanyi. Don haɓaka wannan al'ada ba tare da matsaloli ba kuma samun ingantaccen girbi, mai kula da lambun zai yi aiki tuƙuru. Kuma har ila yau yana buƙatar koyon ƙa'idodin saukar ƙasa da zaɓar wuri mai kyau tare da yanayi mai kyau.

Dadi ceri dasa shuki

Akwai zaɓuɓɓuka biyu don lokacin dasa cherries - bazara da kaka. Zaɓin farko shine mafi fifiko kuma gama gari, ya dace don duk yankuna na namo. Lokacin dasa shuki yakamata a zaba a farkon bazara, lokacin da kwararar ruwan itace bai fara ba kuma buds ba ta kumbura ba. Hakanan, dusar ƙanƙara ta rigaya ta tafi, kuma ya kamata ƙasa tayi sanyi zuwa + 5-10 ° C. Wannan lokacin yana da kyau domin yanayi yana fara farkawa kuma tsirrai masu tsiro suna farkawa da shi. Nan da nan suka fara yin tushe kuma suka fara girma. Adadin tsirrai na seedlings a wannan lokacin ya fi yawa. Kuma da kaka, ceri mai zaki zai ƙarshe a cikin sabon wuri, sami ƙarfi, samun ƙarfi da samun damar tsira a lokacin sanyi na farko.

A cikin yankuna na kudanci tare da lokacin bazara mai ɗumi tare da dogon girma, zaɓi na kaka dasa mai yiwuwa. A wannan yanayin, dole ne a zabi lokacin domin kafin farkon yanayin sanyi akwai makonni 3-4 da suka rage, a lokacin da seedling zai sami lokacin ɗauka. Wannan zaɓi yana da fa'idodi ɗaya - a cikin yankuna masu bushe da zafi lokacin bazara, seedlings da aka dasa a cikin bazara dole su magance fari da zafin rana, wanda aka cire lokacin dasa damina.

Inda za'a dasa ceri mai zaki a dandalin

Don dasa cherries zaka buƙaci kyakkyawan lit da iska mai iska. A lokaci guda, yakamata a kiyaye shi daga iska mai sanyi ta arewa a cikin nau'ikan bishiyoyi masu kauri, ganuwar gine-gine ko fasali, shinge. Zai fi kyau zaɓi ɗan ƙaramin kudu ko kudu maso yamma wanda ruwa ba zai turke ba. Ba a yarda a yi amfani da ruwa ba kuma kusa da abin da ya zama ruwan sama (kasa da mita 2.5).

Abin da ƙasa ke ceri ƙauna

Amsarancin loams sun dace da cherries girma a yankuna mai bushe, kuma sandy masu laushi sun dace a cikin wuraren da ke da isasshen danshi ko danshi mai yawa. A wannan yanayin, kasar gona ya kamata ya kasance da sako-sako da tsari mai kyau. Matsakaicin matakin acidity shine pH 6.7-7.1, amma a chernozems tare da adadi mai yawa na humus, tsire-tsire kuma zasu iya jure carbonate (karuwar amsa alkaline) ƙasa. A wannan yanayin, amsawa har zuwa pH 8.0 ya halatta.

Yadda ake dasa ceri mai zaki idan ruwan ƙasa yana kusa

Babu wata hanyar tattalin arziki da za'a iya yin amfani da tsiro mai zaki a yankuna tare da kusancin abin da ke gudana a karkashin ruwa. A kan soya, yana da matukar muhimmanci a magudana ta hanyar sanya magudanan magudanar ruwa wadanda ke cire danshi mai yawa daga wurin. Farin ciki yana da tsada da cin lokaci.

Zane shafin aiki ne mai tsada.

A cikin yanayin inda abin da ya faru na ruwan karkashin kasa ya kasance tsakanin 1-1.5 m, zaku iya amfani da saitin cherries a kan tudu. An zubar da shi a kan rami mai saukarwa mita 0.5-1.2 tsayi da mita 2-2.5 a diamita.

A wani nisa ne yakamata a dasa cherries daga juna?

Tazara ta dasa ya dogara da girman kambi. Kuma shi, bi da bi, ya dogara da nau'in ceri mai zaki da jari wanda aka aiwatar da alurar riga kafi. A matsakaici, rawanin rawanin rawanin yawanci shine mita 2.5-4. Dangane da halaye na iri iri da aka shuka, ana ɗaukar tazara tsakanin bishiyoyi a jere daidai da diamita na kambi, kuma nisan da ke tsakanin layuka yana ƙaruwa da mita 1-1.5. Wato, tare da rawanin kambi na mita 3, an zaɓi tsarin saukowa 3 x 4 mita.

Ana shuka Cherries a nesa na mita uku daga juna

Wadanne bishiyoyi zan iya dasa cherries tare da su?

Zai fi kyau tara tsire-tsire bisa ga ka'idar - kamar da. Ana fi dacewa da dasa cherry a cikin rukuni tare da wasu cherries da cherries. Abubuwan Pome - apple da pear - yawanci suna lalata da cherries, saboda haka ya kamata ka nisance su. Kuma kuma yana da kyau a guji ƙauyen tare da buckthorn na teku - gaba ɗaya, maƙwabta ne mara kyau ga kowane amfanin gona. Apricot yana da ingantaccen tsari mai ƙarfi kuma mai ƙarfi, wanda zai yi aiki tare da tsarin ceri ɗaya ɗaya. Don haka, ya cancanci yada ƙauyensu ta hanyar mita 5-6. Plum da ceri plum ba za su cutar da ceri mai zaki ba, amma ita da kanta za ta zalunce su.

Inda za a shuka cherry-kai mai son kai

Riesanyen Selfanyen kan-da-kai na buƙatar kasancewar tsire-tsire masu ɗaukar hoto tsakanin radius na mita 50-100. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, waɗannan ya kamata cherries na wasu nau'ikan, lokacin fure wanda ya zo daidai da lokacin fure na bishiyar shuka. Bugu da kari, a cewar wasu majiyoyi, ingantaccen pollinator don cherries shine ceri Lyubskaya. Wannan yakamata ayi la'akari dashi lokacin dasa shuki. Idan babu irin wannan tsire-tsire a kusa, amma kuna son dasa cherries mai zaki, kuma yana da isarwa ga kansa, to lallai zaku dasa tsirrai a cikin lokaci guda.

Yadda ake dasa ceri mai zaki

Shuka cherries na buƙatar shiri.

Ana shirya rami na dasa shuki a cikin bazara

Dole ne a shirya rami don cherries akalla kwanaki 20-30 kafin dasawa. Idan an shirya shi don bazara, zai fi kyau shirya rami sauka a cikin fall. Don yin wannan:

  1. Wajibi ne a tono rami tare da zurfin zurfin santimita 50-60 da inci 80cm. A kan kasa humus-talaka mara kyau, ramin rami yana ƙaruwa don gabatar da ƙarin abubuwan gina jiki a ciki lokacin dasa.

    Wajibi ne a tono rami tare da zurfin zurfin santimita 50-60 da inci 80cm

  2. Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, clayey, to zurfin ramin yana buƙatar haɓaka zuwa santimita 80 da kuma magudanar magudanar ruwa mai kauri daga santimita 10-20 kuma yakamata a shimfiɗa a gindinsa. Ana amfani da daskararren dutse, yumɓu mai yumɓu, tsakuwa, tubalin da aka fashe, da dai sauransu ana amfani dasu azaman magudanar ruwa.

    Idan ƙasa tana da nauyi, yumɓu, to, a kasan ramin haɓaka yana buƙatar shimfiɗa rufin magudanar ruwa mai kauri daga santimita 10-20

  3. Bayan wannan, ramin dole ne a cike shi tare da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki wanda ya ƙunshi daidai sassan chernozem, peat, humus da yashi mai yashi. 30-40 grams na superphosphate da 0.5 lita na itace ash suna kara a kowane guga na irin wannan cakuda.

    Dole ne a cika ramin saukar da rami tare da cakuda abinci mai gina jiki

  4. Don hunturu, an rufe ramin da kayan tabbataccen danshi (fim, kayan rufi, gangara, da dai sauransu) don hana tsabtace abinci daga narkewa da ruwan sama.

Dasa cherries a cikin bazara seedlings

Babban zaɓi mafi yawa don dasa cherries shine dasa tare da seedlings. Ana sayen su galibi a cikin kaka, tunda a wannan lokacin akwai zaɓi mai yawa na kayan dasa kayan iri daban-daban. Yana da daraja bayar da fifiko ga shuka ɗan shekara ɗaya ko biyu. Irin waɗannan sun fi dacewa da ɗaukar tushe kuma suna da tushe, suna shigar da fruiting da sauri. Tushen tsarin seedling yakamata a inganta shi kuma yana da tushen fibrous lafiya ba tare da ci gaba ba, nodes da cones. Kwandon yakamata ya zama akalla 10-15 mm a diamita, yana da haushi mai laushi ba tare da fasa da lalacewa ba. Kwanan nan, ana ba da ƙaramin ceri tare da rufe tushen tsarin don sayarwa. Amfaninsu shine irin wannan tsire-tsire za'a iya dasa su a kowane lokaci daga Afrilu zuwa Oktoba.

Seedlings tare da rufaffiyar tsarin za a iya dasa a kowane lokaci a cikin kakar

Yadda za a ci gaba da ceri seedling kafin dasa shuki a cikin bazara

Kuna iya ajiye seedlingsa seedlingsan seedlings da aka saya a cikin rani ko dai a cikin cellar (ginshiki) ko binne a ƙasa. A yanayin farko, kuna buƙatar samun daki mai yawan zafin jiki na iska daga 0 zuwa +5 ° C. Tushen saffan yana tsoma shi cikin daskararren mullein da yumɓu, sannan a sanya shi a cikin yanayin gumi (yashi, sawki, gansakuka).

A lamari na biyu, kuna buƙatar tono rami a gonar tare da zurfin santimita 20-30, a ƙasa wanda aka zuba karamin yashi. Seedlings suna karkata zuwa cikin ramin kuma cika Tushen da yashi. An shayar da shi an rufe shi da ƙasa kusan gaba ɗaya, yana barin kawai saman bai rufe ba. An rufe ta da rassan spruce don hana lalacewa ta hanyar hares.

Har sai lokacin bazara, ana iya kiyaye seedlings ta hanyar tono su a gonar

Matakan-mataki-mataki don dasa cherries

Yanzu duk abin da aka shirya don nasarar dasa zaki da cherries - rami mai dasa a wurin da aka zaɓa kuma seedling na nau'in da ake so, an sanya shi a cikin ajiya. A farkon bazara, tare da farawa da lokacin mafi kyau duka, sun fara saukowa:

  1. Ranar dasa, sai su fitar da seedling daga ginshiki ko prikop kuma a bincika shi. Idan an samo tushen lalacewa ko daskararre, yanke su tare da wani ɗanyi.

    Idan an samo tushen lalacewar ko daskararre, a yanka su da kayan bushewa.

  2. Jiƙa Tushen da yawa sa'o'i a cikin wani bayani na ci gaban stimulator (Epin, Heteroauxin, Kornevin).

    Jiƙa Tushen da yawa sa'o'i a cikin wani bayani na ci gaban stimulant

  3. Bude ramin saitin kuma sanya rami a ciki gwargwadon girman tsarin tushen seedling.
  4. An kafa ƙaramin ƙolin a tsakiyar ramin, kuma an katse katako ko ƙarfe kaɗan a tsakiyar cibiyar. Tsawonta sama da ƙasa ya kamata ya zama a cikin kewayon santimita 80-120. Ana iya amfani da colas biyu don mafi kyawun shuka.
  5. An saukar da seedling a cikin rami, yana sanya tushen wuya a saman shinge, kuma ya daidaita tushen a kan dutsen.

    An saukar da seedling a cikin rami, yana sanya tushen wuya a saman tudun, kuma ya daidaita tushen a kan dutsen

  6. A wannan matakin, zai fi kyau amfani da taimakon mutum na biyu. Willaya daga cikin zai riƙe shuka, da kuma na biyu - don cika rami tare da ƙasa. Dole ne a yi wannan a cikin yadudduka tare da aiwatar da kowane zaren. Wajibi ne a tabbatar da cewa, sakamakon hakan, tushen wuyan seedling yana a matakin ƙasa. Don yin wannan, ya dace don amfani da layin dogo ko mashaya.

    Zai dace don sarrafa matakin tushen wuya yayin dasa cherries ta amfani da lath ko mashaya

  7. A tsakiyar shugaba na seedling an yanka zuwa tsawo na 60-80 santimita, kuma rassan (idan akwai) sun gajarta zuwa 20-30 santimita.

    Bayan dasa, an yanke seedling

  8. Sun ɗaure ganga a kan gungume tare da kayan roba ta hanyar "takwas" ba tare da murƙushe haushi ba. Kuma kuma don waɗannan dalilai, zaka iya amfani da clamps na filastik na musamman.

    Don garter seedlings, zaka iya amfani da clamps na filastik

  9. Ana kafa da'irar kusa-wuri ta hanyar tara aya daga cikin mahakar tare da nunin ramin saitin.
  10. Ya cika ruwa da shuka sau uku da sha daga danshi. Wannan ya zama dole don tabbatar da kyakkyawar hulɗa da ƙasa tare da tushen da kuma kawar da sinus a cikin yankin tushen.

    Ruwa da shuka sosai a sau uku sha daga danshi

  11. Kashegari, an kwance ƙasa kuma mulched, ta amfani da humus, takin, sawun ruɓa, hay, da sauransu.

    Bayan da aka yi ruwa, an yanke ciyawar ƙasa.

Yadda za a dasa graeds cherries

Ana dasa cherries da aka kafa bisa ga ka'idodi iri ɗaya kamar amfanin gona. Babban abin lura shine shafin yanar gizon yin rigakafi wani lokaci yayi karanci. A wannan yanayin, lokacin dasawa, kuna buƙatar tabbatar da cewa bai bayyana a binne shi a cikin ƙasa ba. Yana da kyau cewa wurin yin allurar yana saman saman ƙasa da santimita 5-7. A yankuna tare da babban matakin murfin dusar ƙanƙara, yana da kyau a sayi seedlings wanda aka liƙa a tsawo na 0.5-1.0 m.

Yana da kyau cewa wurin yin allurar yana aƙalla kusan santimita 5-7 sama da ƙasa

Yadda za a dasa cherries mai dadi a cikin akwati

A halin yanzu, ana shuka siyar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da tsarin tushen garkuwar (ZKS) Yawancin lokaci ana girma cikin kwantena ko bulo kuma ana sayar da su tare da su. Wannan hanyar tana da fa'ida bayyananniya:

  • Lokacin dasawa da irin wannan seedling, tushen tsarin ba shi da rauni kuma raunin rayuwarsa shine 100%.
  • Seedlings tare da ZKS na iya zama shekaru 3-4 lokacin da aka dasa shi, wanda ya rage lokacin da cherries zai bada 'ya'ya daga lokacin dasa.
  • Kuna iya shuka irin wannan tsire-tsire a kowane lokaci daga farkon bazara zuwa kaka.

Dasa rami don cherries tare da ZKS an shirya bisa ga ka'idoji iri ɗaya kamar na talakawa seedlings, dokokin dasa kuma ba su canzawa. Siffofin saukowa sune kamar haka:

  • Ba a yin ƙwanƙwasa a cikin rami na dasa shuki, saboda ana dasa ƙwayar seedling daga cikin akwati ta hanyar jingina tare da dunƙule ƙasa.
  • Hakanan, irin wannan shuka baya buƙatar gungumen azaba don garter, tun da babban dunƙule na ƙasa akan Tushen dogayen riƙe ceri.

    Babban dunƙule na ƙasa a kan Tushen dogara da ceri

Bidiyo: dasa shuki

Yadda ake dasa ceri mai zaki tare da kashi

Tabbas, ana iya girma cherries daga zuriya. Tambaya: me yasa? An sani cewa tare da wannan hanyar girma nau'ikan nau'ikan abubuwa iri na asali ba a kiyaye su. Duk irin kwalliyar da girma da ciyawar yake, irin wacce aka yi amfani da ita don haɓaka, mai yiwuwa sakamakon ya zama ɗaya. Bayan dogon aiki, wasan daji tare da ƙananan berries na dandano na mediocre zai yi girma. Haka ne, irin wannan shuka zai sami jimiri, kulawa da ƙyallin kulawa, juriya sanyi, rigakafi ga cututtuka da kwari. Amma yana yiwuwa a yi amfani da shi azaman ƙaramar don grafting of varietal cherries or don ado dasa na greenery. Ganin wannan, mun bayyana tsarin dasa cherries tare da dutse a takaice:

  1. Daga cherries girma a cikin yankin, suna tattara adadin da ya dace (tare da gefe) na tsaba daga cikakken berries.
  2. Kasusuwa sun 'yanta daga ɓangaren litattafan almara, an wanke su kuma a bushe.

    Kasusuwa sun 'yanta daga ɓangaren litattafan almara, an wanke su kuma a bushe

  3. Sanya cikin jakar takarda da ajiyeta har zuwa Disamba a zazzabi a daki.
  4. A watan Disamba, kasusuwa suna narke tsawon kwana uku zuwa hudu a ruwa, suna canzawa kowace rana.
  5. An sanya su a cikin kwandon shara tare da m substrate (yashi, sawdust, moss-sphagnum).
  6. An shirya akwati a cikin firiji don watanni uku don daidaita ƙwayar.
  7. A farkon bazara, ana ɗaukar akwati a waje kuma an rufe shi da dusar ƙanƙara.
  8. Bayan bawo kuma sun fara shuka, ana dasa su a cikin tukwane na mutum ko kuma sirara mai zurfi na 1.5-2 santimita.

    Bayan bawo kuma sun fara toho, ana shuka su cikin tukwane daban-daban

  9. Harbi yakan bayyana ne bayan kwana 25-30. Lokacin da suka kai tsawo na santimita 10-15, ana saka su cikin manyan kwantena.

    Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka kai tsawo na santimita 10-15, ana raye su cikin kwantena masu girma

  10. Tare da moistening na yau da kullun da loosening ta faɗo, za su yi girma zuwa 25-30 santimita.
  11. Bayan wannan, kasa da wata daya kafin farkon sanyi, ana shuka shukar da aka samu a cikin dindindin, suna kiyaye dokokin da aka bayyana a sama. A lokaci guda, dole ne a kula da hankali don kare tsirrai daga daskararre da tsoka, da shirya musu mafaka a jikinsu daga kwalaben filastik tare da gindin ƙasa.

    Wajibi ne a kula da kare tsirrai daga dusar ƙanƙara da sarƙoƙi ta hanyar shirya musu mafaka daga kwalban filastik tare da gindin ƙasa

Yadda za a dasa ceri mai zaki a cikin bazara tare da yan itace

Domin dasa kayan ceri mai zaki, dole ne a kafe. Ka'idojin dasa shuki da ya kafe iri daya ne da na dasa shuki na shuka.

Rooting cuttings na cherries

A matsayinka na mai mulki, ana yaduwar cherries ta hanyar kore kore. Wannan tsari mai sauki ne, amma da ɗan zanan hoto ne. Ya ƙunshi waɗannan abubuwa:

  1. Itace girbi. Mafi kyawun lokacin don wannan ya zo lokacin da harbe-harbe matasa suka isa babban tsayi kuma suka fara ɗaukar hoto, amma su kansu har yanzu suna da sauƙin daidaitawa. A tsakiyar Rasha, wannan ya faɗi ne a Yuni 10-30. Don haka:
    1. Da sanyin safiya, yayin da yake da sanyi, suna zaɓar gefen harbe na haɓaka matsakaici, wanda ke kan ƙurufin matasa na shekarar da ta gabata kuma ya girma a wani yanki mai kyau na kambi. Yanke asirinsu.
    2. Daga waɗannan rassan, an yanke yankuna na 8-10 santimita a tsayi. Kowane ɗayansu ya kamata ya sami ƙodan 3-4 da ganye. A wannan yanayin, ƙananan sashin ya kamata ya zama ɗaya zuwa biyu santimita daga koda na farko.
    3. Cutaya daga cikin ƙananan gado biyu an yanke su gaba ɗaya, babba kuma an yanke shi zuwa 50-60% don rage yankin ƙazamar.

      Oraya daga cikin ƙananan gado biyu an yanke su gaba ɗaya, manyan kuma an yanke su zuwa 50-60% don rage yankin ƙazamar

    4. An sanya cutunan da aka girbe tare da ƙananan ƙarshen zuwa cikin tushen tushen mai ƙarfafawa (Kornevin, Heteroauxin) zuwa zurfin santimita 2.5-3. A cikin wannan mafita, ya kamata eso ya tsaya har maraice.
  2. Don tushen ganyen, kuna buƙatar shirya akwati tare da ƙasa mai gina jiki. Da farko, ana zubar da ƙasa-ruwa ruwa a ƙasa tare da Layer na santimita 10-12. Ana zuba madaidaicin daga cakuda yashi-saman tare da wani yanki mai santimita 3-5.
  3. A maraice, ana cire cutarwa daga mafita kuma ya makale su a cikin ƙasar da aka shirya zuwa zurfin 3-4 santimita wanda ya sa ƙananan koda ya kasance a cikin substrate. Nisa tsakanin gefan a jere ya kamata ya zama tsakanin santimita 5-7, kuma tsakanin layuka - 8-12 santimita.

    Yanke don tushen ana yanke daga gefen harbe located a kan matasa growths na bara

  4. Moisturize kasar gona daga kwalban feshi.
  5. An sanya kwandon a cikin gidan mai tsabta kore, wanda ya kamata a kiyaye babban matakin zafi. Mafi kyawun zafin jiki shine 23-30 ° C.

    Ana sanya akwati tare da yankan a cikin wani huffen greenhouse mai ruwa, wanda a ciki za'a kiyaye babban matakin zafi

  6. Carearin kulawa ya ƙunshi iska na yau da kullun da kuma ninka sau biyu daga mai toshewa. Kuma, idan ya cancanta, dole ne a saki ƙasa a hankali.
  7. Bayan kimanin wata guda, tsire-tsire za su riga sun sami kyakkyawan tushe kuma ya kamata a dasa su. Kuna iya sauka nan da nan zuwa wuri na dindindin, amma yana da kyau a watsa cikin kwantena ko bulo, sannan a jinkirta saukowa har zuwa lokacin bazara. A wannan yanayin, irin waɗannan tsire-tsire za su buƙaci sanya su a cikin greenhouse don hunturu ko sanye take da tsari na wucin gadi a kansu daga sanyi.

Bidiyo: yadda ake dasa kore kore daidai

Dasa cherries, gwargwadon fannin namo

Shuka ka'idoji da buƙatu don wuri na itacen itace mai zaman kanta ne daga yankin girma. Su misali ne da aka bayyana a sama. Bambanci yana kasancewa ne kawai a cikin iri da kuma hanyoyin namo da aka yi amfani da su, musamman ma a cikin kulawa da samuwar su.

A cikin Belarus

Yanayin duniya na Belarus yana da kyau kwarai don girma cherries-Hardy cherries. Daga cikinsu akwai:

  • Gascinets;
  • Iput;
  • Arewa;
  • Jama'a;
  • Syubarovskaya da sauransu

Kwanakin don dasa shuki mai kyau a cikin Belarus farkon bazara ne.

A cikin Ukraine

Cherries, kamar cherries, suna ƙaruwa sosai a cikin Ukraine duka, musamman a yankuna na kudanci. Yawancin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan ana yin su anan (galibi a tashar binciken kayan lambu na Melitopol):

  • Melitopol baki;
  • Melitopol da wuri;
  • Valery Chkalov;
  • Talisman
  • Al'adar;
  • Sarari da sauran su.

Ana aiwatar da saukowa a cikin bazara da kaka (a cikin yankuna na kudanci) bisa ƙa'idodin ƙa'idoji.

Dankin ceri mai daɗi a Tsakiyar Rasha, gami da Yankin Moscow

Varietiesanyen hunturu-Hardy daga farkon zuwa tsakiyar ripening sun dace da waɗannan wuraren. Ga mafi yawan bangare, su ne 'ya'yan itaciyar kiwo na Cibiyar Nazarin Duk-Rasha na Lupine (Bryansk) da Cibiyar Nazarin Harkokin Kasuwanci da Fasaha na Duk-Rasha da Gidan Noma da Nursery (Moscow), da kuma wasu nau'ikan Belarusian da Ukrainian. Dasa cherries a nan yakamata ya kasance a farkon bazara.

A cikin Volgograd

Don wannan yanki a cikin Rijistar Jiha akwai nau'i biyu na cherries mai dadi - Farkon ruwan hoda, matsakaiciyar matsakaici da Dyber baki, matsakaici-marigayi ripening. Amma masu lambu na Volgograd da yankin basuyi duba izuwa cikin rijistar jihar ba kuma sun sami nasarar bunkasa yawancin sauran nau'ikan:

  • Valeria;
  • Gidaje;
  • Donetsk kyau;
  • Rossoshanskaya;
  • Yaroslavna da sauransu

Kalmar dasa shuki a cikin Volgograd farkon bazara ce.

A yankin Leningrad

Bred don wannan yankin, ba a taɓa haɗa launin baki na Leningradskaya ba a cikin Rijistar Jiha. Babu sauran wasu nau'ikan a ciki don yankin Arewa Maso Yamma. Lambu na yankin Leningrad suna yin hukunci ta hanyar bita suna haɓaka irin waɗannan nau'ikan:

  • Fatezh;
  • Chermashnaya;
  • Iput;
  • Kishi.

Abokai, taimaka da shawara. Wadanne nau'ikan cherries zasu yi girma da 'ya'ya a cikin yankin Leningrad? Zai fi dacewa daban-daban maki 2-3. Ido ya fadi a kan bakar fata na Leningrad da Bryansk ruwan hoda.

Martini SPb, Gida a Apraksin, Leningrad Yankin

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Tace (Klimych) Leningrad baki saboda sunan ya kamata aƙalla girma kullum.

Klimych, Cottage a Apraksin, yankin Leningrad

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Klimich, mu maƙwabta ne! Kuma me kuke girma daga bishiyoyi da tsirrai a gaba ɗaya? Wataƙila babu ma'ana da ɓatar da iko akan wani abu?

Martini SPb, Gida a Apraksin, Leningrad Yankin

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Fatezh, Chermashnaya, Iput, Revna.

NadezhdaS, Gidan a cikin Flax. yankin kudu

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A cikin Urals

Yanayin yanayin Urals yana halin rashin kwanciyar hankali na yanayin yanayi da zafin jiki mai kaifi. A cikin irin waɗannan yanayi, noman na kudu, ciyawar thermophilic, wanda yake daɗin ceri mai zaki, ya cika da matsaloli masu yawa. Amma akwai gwaninta a cikin nasarar narkar da wasu nau'ikan hunturu-Hardy, wanda aka yanka a yankin Tsakiyar. Yawancin nau'ikan da suka yi fice sune Iput da kiwo na Arewa na Cibiyar Nazarin 'Ya'yan itace ta Belarusiya. A cikin 2012, ƙwararren masanin kayan lambu Vladimir Pitelin ya rubuta game da yawan girbin ire-iren Fatezh (zaɓi na Cibiyar Firfafa ruita Moscowan Moscowaukaka ta Moscow) da 2-7-37 a cikin yanayin Kudancin Urals. A cewarsa, dasa cherries a cikin Urals bai bambanta da dasa shuki a tsakiyar layi ba. A wannan yanayin, duk dokokin da aka shimfida a sama suna aiki. Kawai suna buƙatar da za'ayi su a hankali - yanayin Ural baya yafe kurakurai. Kuma ya kuma bayar da shawarar yin amfani da seedlings a kan dwarf rootstock VSP-2 domin namo cherries a duka misali da shale siffan.

Bidiyo: cherries a cikin lambuna na Kudancin Urals

A Siberiya

A Siberiya, akwai kuma masu goyon baya waɗanda suke fuskantar cherries a cikin yanayin gida. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, waɗannan nau'ikan iri ɗaya ne kamar waɗanda aka girma a Kudancin Urals. Dwarf cherries hunturu musamman ma a wuraren da dusar ƙanƙara ta kasance mai kauri sosai kuma yana rufe bishiyoyi gaba ɗaya. Hakanan ana samun nasarar yin amfani da shaftace a Siberiya. Ka'idojin saukar ƙasa ƙa'ida ce.

Ana amfani da tsarin ceri Strawberry a cikin Urals da Siberia

Spring ceri dashi

Juyakin ceri mai zaki yana zama abin da ba a so a gare ta. Haka kuma, idan aka girmi shuka, hakan zai iya zama lahani ga sakamako kuma zai iya zama mafi girman hadarin rashin rayuwa. Wannan ya faru ne saboda yanayin rashin tabbas na tushen tsarin, da kuma asarar yawancinsa yayin taron tsohuwar bishiyar dasawa.

Yaushe zan iya dasa cherries mai dadi a cikin bazara ko kaka

Yawancin lambu suna ba da shawarar yin wannan a farkon lokacin bazara, musamman a cikin wuraren da yanayin canjin yanayin sanyi. Wannan an bayyana shi da gaskiyar cewa, dasawa a cikin bazara, itaciyar bazai da lokaci don ɗaukar tushe sosai kuma zai tafi rauni a cikin hunturu. A wurare masu sanyi da lokacin bazara mai zafi, ana bada shawara ga yin shisshigi a cikin kaka, tunda tsire-tsire anan da alama sun bushe a lokacin rani fiye da daskarewa a cikin hunturu. A kowane hali, lokacin shirya don dasawa, zai fi kyau dogaro da ƙwarewar yan lambu na gida da kuma kwararru.

Yadda za a juya matasa cherries, ciki har da ɗan shekara uku

Canza matasa cherries ba su da bambanci sosai daga dasa shuki seedling. Babban bambancin shine cewa don dasa bishiya, har yanzu kuna buƙatar tono ta daga ƙasa daidai.

Matakan-mataki-mataki don dasawa matasa cherries

A cikin wannan koyarwar, zamu bayyana tsarin dasa shuki na bishiyar bishiyar da aka dasa:

  1. Da farko dai, kuna buƙatar tono ɗan bishiya daga ƙasa. Ana yin wannan ne a cikin kaka, tunda a yanayin yanayin bazara bazai ba ku damar haƙa ciyawar ba kafin fara kwararar ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Don yin wannan:
    1. Idan ƙasa ta bushe, to, ranar da za'a tono shi ya kamata a shayar dashi domin ya yi laushi.
    2. A kusa da bishiyar itace shimfiɗa da'ira tare da diamita daidai da ƙididdigar diamita na tsarin sa. Kuna iya yin wannan tare da igiya da aka ɗaura a cikin akwati da wasu sanduna.
    3. Tare da shebur, tono tsintsiya a kusa da shuka, yana mai da hankali kan da'irar da aka zana.

      Don dasawa, tono tsintsiya a kusa da shuka, yana mai da hankali kan da'irar da aka zana

    4. Cire tsire daga ramin, ƙoƙarin kada ya lalata ƙammar dunƙule a kan tushen sa.
    5. Sun tona ta a gonar don lokacin hunturu.
  2. Mataki na biyu - shiri na ramin saukowa - ana aiwatar da shi ne yayin faduwa bisa ga tsarin da aka ambata a baya.
  3. A farkon bazara, suna ɗaukar seedling daga prikop kuma dasa shi cikin bin ka'idodin da aka shimfida a sama.
  4. Yanke kambi, barin ba rassan kwarangwal sama da biyar, waɗanda aka rage ta 30%. Anyi wannan ne domin shuka ba ya vata makamashi a kan ci gaba da harbe, amma da farko an umarce su zuwa ga ci gaban tushen sa. Don wannan manufa, an cire furanni duka, ba a bar fruiting a farkon shekarar bayan dasawa ba.

Yadda za a dasa itacen ceri babba

Idan ya cancanta, za'a iya dasa bishiya ta girma, kodayake masana sun yi imanin cewa cherries mai shekaru bakwai ba zata yarda da hakan ba. A wannan yanayin, zaku iya gwada hanya mai ban sha'awa, wanda yake kamar haka:

  1. A ƙarshen Satumbar, an yi alamar da'irar a kusa da itacen, kamar yadda yake ga ɗan itacen ɗan. Ya kamata diamitarsa ​​ya zama kamar don kama tushen da yawa kamar yadda zai yiwu, amma a lokaci guda, nauyin ɓangaren da aka fitar yana cikin iyakantacce iyaka.
  2. Felu mai kaifi tare da labulen lebur ya yanke Tushen akan rabin da'irar da aka alama.
  3. Sun tono maɓuɓɓuka tare da wannan rabin kewayen tare da zurfin kan tebur na shebur.
  4. A cikin ƙananan ɓangaren maɓuɓɓugan, Tushen an yanke shi har ma da zurfi, akan bayoneti felu.
  5. Sun faɗi barci a mahara kuma suna shayar da ruwa.
  6. Itace ya ci gaba da ciyarwa saboda rabi na biyu na Tushen da ya rage wanda ba a taɓa shi ba. A farkon rabin a wannan lokacin, sababbin Tushen za su fara farawa, wanda zai cika sararin ciki na tsarin tushen.
  7. Bayan makonni 3-4, ana aiwatar da wannan tsari tare da rabi na biyu na tushen. An yanke su, an haƙa su, an sake yanka su, a binne. An shayar da shi har wani sati biyu kuma ya bar itacen har sai lokacin bazara.
  8. A lokaci guda, yana da daraja kula da rami mai saukowa domin shuka mai dasawa.
  9. A farkon bazara, da zaran yanayin ya yarda, an dasa shuka daga ƙasa tare da clod na tushen matasa da kuma dasa shi zuwa wani sabon wuri.

Abin takaici, babu misalai na wannan hanyar, amma akwai babban bidiyo da ya cancanci kallo.

Bidiyo: sabuwar hanyar dasa bishiyoyi na manya

Juyawar mai zuwa daga cherries, gami da yadda ake dasa tsohuwar itaciya

Juyawar ceri mai zuwa zai zama aikin motsa jiki ne kawai. Babu makawa itaciyar zata sake tura wannan hanyar. Don haka, ya kamata a zabi wurin da za a saukowa da alhakin don kada a sami matsala a nan gaba. A akidar, yiwuwar dasawar ya ragu. Amma kuna buƙatar yin wannan tare da babban dunƙule na ƙasa, ta amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don wannan - rami mai ɓoye, crane, motar sufuri. Kuma koda ba ku la'akari da mahimman farashin kayan abu ba, ba a da tabbacin nasarar taron. Tunda wannan dabarar ba zata iya tuki a kowane wuri ba.

Babu makawa cewa lambu zai yi amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don yaɗa tsohuwar cherries

Ban taɓa samun tushe ba a cikin itace na al'ada. Sau uku aka maye gurbinsu, daidai gwargwado, a lokaci ɗaya aka haɗa cherries uku na shekaru 7 kowannensu. Kodayake, watakila, ba shakka, Na ɓoye wani abu.

mironenkovitalick

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Ceri mai zaki yana da matukar motsa rai dangane da dasawa a cikin manya (kuma ba wai kawai transplants). Abokin shima bai tsira daga itaciyar ba.

Vladdi, Kiev

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Ka'idojin dasa shuki, kiwo da dasa cherries a zahiri ba su da rikitarwa wanda mai kula da lambun novice ba zai iya fahimtar su ba. Tare da himma da kuma kyakkyawan yanayi mai kyau na al'adu, sakamakon aikin da aka saka hannun jari ba shakka ba zai fusata ba.

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