Lokacin zabar irin waraka ga masu shuka shuki suna la'akari da halaye masu yawa. Wannan kuma sauƙi na dasa shuki, kulawa mara kyau, yawan amfanin ƙasa, babu matsaloli tare da kwari da dukan cututtuka.
Mafi kyauta Cherry yafi dacewa da waɗannan sharuɗɗan zabin, wanda zai zama bayyane bayan karanta bayaninsa.
Bambancin bayanin
Ma'anar wani nau'i mai ban sha'awa mai ban sha'awa yana da ɗan bambanci daga bayanin da ya hade.
Daban-daban yana nufin irin itatuwan bishiyoyi, kai mai tsawo na 2 m, zagaye siffar da matsakaici. 
Sprouts daji kanyi, tare da shugabancin ci gaba. A lokacin girma kakar a kan harbe cone-dimbin yawa buds har zuwa 4 mm a size an kafa, tare da kadan kuskure daga gare ta. Kodan suna da tsayayya ga yanayin zafi.
Kuna iya sha'awar irin waɗannan cherries kamar: "Miracle Cherry", "Mayak", "Izobilnaya", "Morozovka", "Ural Ruby", "Lyubskaya", "Zhukovskaya", "Turgenevka".Flowering faruwa a ƙarshen May a inflorescences, kowane tare da furanni 3-4. Furen suna da matsakaici, tare da tsara kyauta na ƙananan fatar. Furen suna da babban matakin kai.
Ganye suna elongated duhu kore tare da serrated gefuna da kuma wani iri-dimbin gindi tushe. A saman da ganye ne m. Tsarin dabbobi masu tsauraran mita 1.2 cm, 1 mm fadi.
Yawan amfanin gonar a matsakaita shine 15 kg.
Shin kuna sani? Wannan hunturu ceri iri-iri zai iya tsayayya yanayin zafi zuwa -35 ° C.
Tarihin kiwo
Da m ceri iri-iri ne bred by zabi daga manufa free-pollinated shekara-shekara seedlings na Ideal iri-iri a Sverdlovsk noma kiwo tashar. 
An rajistar iri-iri a cikin Lissafi na Lissafi na Ƙirƙirar Rahoton Rasha a shekarar 1958.
Founders na iri-iri - N.I. Gvozdyukova da Zhukov S.V.
Bayanai da fasali na 'ya'yan itace
A 'ya'yan itãcen wannan iri-iri ripen marigayi da m. Lokacin girbi ya zo karshen watan Agusta da farkon Satumba. Ana sa berries a kan dogon lokaci mai tsayi, don haka ba su da crumble na dogon lokaci. 
Nauyin: 3-4 shekaru
Launi: duhu ja.
Form: an kewaye shi, a tsakiyar saman wani karami ne.
Ku ɗanɗani: mai dadi da m.
Pulp: matsakaici mai yawa, ruwa.
Dutse: babban, sauƙi rabu da ɓangaren litattafan almara.
Yana da muhimmanci! Na gode da babban ɓangaren litattafan almara, da berries sun jure wa harkokin sufuri na nesa.
Saukowa
Land don dasa shi ne mafi alhẽri a zabi a kan tudu, ba tare da kusa da ruwan ƙasa. Rasa ƙasa baya taimakawa wajen ci gaban al'ada a cikin wannan aji. Mafi kyau shine gefen shafin.
Shin kuna sani? Don ƙara yawan amfanin ƙasa, da saukowa na karimci iri-iri an yi a cikin kusanci irin wannan irin cherries: Maksimovskaya, Subbotinskaya, Polevka.
Ƙasa don saukowa yana shirya a gaba. A ƙarshen lokacin kaka ko farkon spring (akalla makonni 2 kafin dasa), an gina ƙasa, ana amfani da taki. Adadin taki an lasafta a cikin rabo daga 40-60 g na superphosphates, 20-30 g na potassium gishiri da 10-15 kg na humus da 1 square mita.Idan kasar gona ta zama acidic, to ana iya amfani da 100 g na lemun tsami a kowace mita mita.
Dasa yana buƙatar kayan lafiya da kayan ƙarfafa. Ana iya sayo kayan lambu a cikin kasuwanni na lambu, kuma zaka iya girma da kanka.
Hanyar na girma dasa kayan:
Yakin yakin.
Don wannan hanya, mataki mai muhimmanci shine zaɓi na tsaba (nau'in) don dasa shuki. An cire tsaba daga lafiya da cikakke berries, ba tare da alamun cutar ko deterioration ba.
Shirye-shiryen shuka ba ya nufin kowane shahararren musamman kafin dasa. Ana iya ajiye tsaba a kowace akwati ba tare da wani matsakaici ba ko sanya shi cikin cakuda mai yisti na sawdust, yashi da gansakuka.
Kafin dasa shuki, ya kamata a shirya tsaba ta hanyar ajiye su cikin ruwa har kwana bakwai.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tare da irin wannan shiri na iri, ana buƙatar canje-canjen ruwa kullum.
Lokacin shuka tsaba zai iya zuwa duka biyu a lokacin bazara da kuma kaka. 
Lokacin kaka don dasa shuki ya ƙunshi wani mataki na hutawa kafin shukawa don tsaba. Lokacin hunturu yana taimakawa wajen wannan mataki kuma zai taimaka wajen karfafawa tsaba. Amma yanayin yanayi bai dace ba, musamman a yankunan arewacin.
Hanyar mafi kyau da kuma abin dogara shine dasa shuki a cikin bazara. Kyakkyawan bazarar germination zai taimakawa wajen shuka iri mai kyau (tsawon tsufa na tsaba don hanzarta germination).
Tsarin tsauraran yana ɗaukar tsawon kwanaki 150-180 kuma ya ƙunshi waɗannan matakai:
- a mataki na farko, an cire tsaba a akalla minti 10 a cikin wani ƙarfi (ruwan hoda) bayani na potassium permanganate;
- sa'an nan kuma tsaba an sanya su germination a cikin wani cakuda sawdust, wanke kogin yashi ko sphagnum gansakuka. Ya ƙunshi irin wannan kayan shuka a zazzabi daga 15 ° C zuwa 20 ° C;
- a farkon bayyanar germination (fatalwa na tsaba), an sanya akwati a cikin wani dakin sanyi (ko firiji) tare da zafin jiki na iska daga 2 ° C zuwa 6 ° C;
- a lokacin da kashi na uku na zuriya ke haifar da su, to dole ne su yi taurin kai. Don yin wannan, za'a iya kawo akwati da kayan dasawa a waje (a matsayin mai mulki, wannan mataki na stratification ya fada a ƙarshen hunturu), idan yanayin ya zama barga ba tare da babban canji a cikin zafin jiki ba. Zaka kuma iya tilasta tsaba a ɗakin (cellars) ta wurin sanya tsaba akan kankara ko dusar ƙanƙara.
Yana da muhimmanci! Kafin kowane mataki na stratification, dole ne a shayar da nau'in nau'in iri kuma Mix up don ƙarin damar shiga iska.
An dasa shuki da tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa mai bude da aka shirya a cikin bazara, lokacin da aka kafa yanayin yanayi kuma ba a sa ran dawowar sanyi ba. A cikin yankin da aka zaɓa, raƙuman ruwa sunyi zurfin mita 5. Nisa tsakanin rawanuka yana da akalla minti 30. Ana fitar da sutura daga tushe kuma an ajiye su a cikin tsaunuka a nesa da 5 cm daga juna. Sanya tsaba da aka yayyafa da ƙasa, an shayar da shi kuma a rufe shi da wani Layer of sawdust, bambaro ko hay (ciyawa). 
Yin girma daga certsu daga dutse shine tsarin aiki wanda yake buƙatar kulawa da kimar jiki. Akwai hanya mafi sauki da kuma mafi kyau ga bunkasa itacen ceri - yanke tushen tsarin ko dasa shuki ku.
Kornosobstvenny dasa kayan (harbe, tushen cuttings).
Sau da yawa wata bishiya ta haifar da wani reshe a cikin hawan kambi. Irin wannan girma ana haƙa tare da wani ɓangare na tushen tsarin, ya dawo daga gangar jikin a kalla 20 cm, kuma an dasa shi zuwa wuri mai dindindin.
Lokaci dashi shine farkon kaka ko spring (kafin bayyanar buds).
Idan ci gaban wannan farfadowa yana da rauni, to, yana da kyau a shuka shi a gida don lokacin hunturu. Dole ne a yi amfani da kasa don "farkawa" ne, a cire shi tare da tsabta.
Hanyar shinge yana faruwa ta yanyan asalin. Don haka, an nuna asali na sama kuma stalks suna da nisan mita 15 da kuma 0.5-1.5 cm.
Lokaci na girbi tushen girbi ya kamata ya fada cikin marigayi kaka ko farkon spring (kafin bayyanar buds). A lokacin hunturu, ana sanya kayan shuka a cikin akwati tare da rigar wanke yashi yashi kuma adana a 0 ° C.
Ana dasa bishiyoyi a wuri mai tushe a farkon spring a cikin rijiyoyin da aka tanada a nesa na akalla 10 cm daga juna. Saka cuttings a cikin rami obliquely, ko da yaushe a yanka. Dole ne ɓangare na irin wannan kashin baya ya rufe ƙasa a kalla 1 cm, zurfin ɓangaren ƙananan ya zama akalla 3-5 cm. 
Lokacin da tsire-tsire suka kafa rassan rassa 3-4, kuma suna kallo da lafiya da kuma karfi, an dasa su zuwa wani wuri wanda ya riga ya shirya. Yayin da ake dasawa, tsarin da aka sare yana dan kadan kuma an tsabtace shi (idan tushen sun bushe) ta hanyar ajiyewa a cikin ruwa don tsawon sa'o'i 6-10.
Dasa a cikin kaka yana ba da damar yin amfani da seedling zuwa tushen, amma hadarin sanyi a cikin hunturu snow hunturu ya kasance. Ana samun kyakkyawan sakamako ta hanyar dasa shuki. Da zaran kasar gona ta narke daga dusar ƙanƙara kuma ta kafe kadan - zaka iya fara dasa.
Da fasaha na dasa shuki seedlings ya shafi ayyukan nan masu zuwa:
- an dasa shuki a rami a daidai da yadudduka na ƙasa: ƙananan sama da ƙananan ƙasƙasa na ƙasa sun kasu kashi kashi;
- Ana ganin girman girman ramin: har zuwa zurfin 80 cm, fadi har zuwa 60 cm;
- An kafa wani tayi a tsakiyar ramin (don tallafawa tsaye), wanda aka dana tare da saman saman kasan da aka ƙera tare da humus;
- an sanya sapling a rami, sai a mike da asalinsu akan kafa da aka kafa kuma yafa masa da sauran kasa;
Yana da muhimmanci! Ƙaƙashin wuyansa ya zama matakin da ƙasa.
- da wuri mai saukowa yana da kyau a zubar da ruwa kuma an cike shi a saman humus ko sawdust;
- an dasa nau'in iri tare da "adadi na takwas" (wanda ba a kafa wuyansa a kan akwati) zuwa tarkon.
Na farko cikakken fruiting irin wannan seedlings ya auku na 3-4 shekaru. 
Kula
A duk tsawon rayuwan, itacen bishiya yana cikin manyan matakai: ci gaba (ci gaba), 'ya'yan itace da bushewa.
Kulawa a kowane ɗayan waɗannan matakai ya ƙunshi ayyuka masu sauki - dacewa da dacewa, gyara bishiyoyi da kariya / rigakafi daga cututtuka. Irin wannan kulawa yana kara tsawon lokacin yin aiki.
Shin kuna sani? Tsarin kulawa da kwarewar yana tabbatar da tsawon rai na daji har zuwa shekaru 35 tare da yawancin shekara mai shekaru 25-30.
Watering
Regular watering zai taimaka wajen inganta cigaba (musamman ga matasa seedlings). A lokacin rani, musamman ma a lokutan zafi, ana aiwatar da wannan sashi a cikin adadin da ba ƙasa da buƙan ruwa 5 ba. 
Don adana ruwan sha bayan kowane ban ruwa yana yiwuwa a cike ƙasa a kusa da gangar jikin.
Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin fruiting ya zama mai yawa watering.
Mature da 'ya'yan itace masu ba da amfani a cikin rani mai sanyi sun isa sau uku-sau watering a kowace shekara.
Na farko watering yana aikata nan da nan bayan flowering flowering. M watering -in ripening berries. Ƙarshe na ƙarshe an yi a cikin kaka, kafin ciwon sanyi.
Top dressing
Ƙididdigar ƙwayoyi masu yawa sun dogara da adadin abubuwan gina jiki waɗanda itace ke cinye a lokacin ci gabanta. Ana amfani da takin mai magani kowace shekara don tallafawa shi.
A farkon lokacin bazara, kafin kakar girma, ana amfani da takin mai magani (ammonium nitrate) a ma'aunin guda daya cikin guga na ruwa. Ga wani bishiya, guga ɗaya irin wannan bayani ya ishe, kuma ga wani yaro ya zama dole a saka bakin burodi 2-3. 
Haka kuma ana amfani da kwayoyi kamar taki (saniya ko alade taki). Irin wannan takin mai magani ana amfani dashi a matsayin takin gargajiya da aka shirya a cikin rabo na taki da ruwa 1:10. Gurashin turken ma ya dace da wannan dalili game da ruwa 1:20.
A cikin kaka, ya fi kyau ciyar da potassium sulfate a cikin adadin 50 MG ko superphosphate a cikin adadin 100 g da square mita.
A lokacin da ake ciyarwa da kuma bunkasa ƙasa, dole ne muyi la'akari da cewa tushen tsarin yana bunkasa kuma yayi zurfi a zurfin 20-40 cm. Dole ne a gudanar da wani aiki a hankali don kada ya lalata tushen. Tushen tushen ke tsiro a kusa da periphery na kambi.
Pruning
A cikin rassan ƙwayoyi, fruiting ya dogara da girma daga cikin rassan shekarar bara. Rashin rashin amfani da agrotechnology shi ne dalilin rashin ƙarfi na rassan. 
A wani lokaci daban-daban na ciyayi da ƙwayoyi, iri-iri iri-iri iri-iri ana dauka:
- Forming - samar a kan kananan bishiyoyi don daidai samuwar da kambi. Don yin wannan, duk ƙananan gefen harbe an yanke. An yanke yankakken tsire-tsire matasa a wani tsawo na 60 cm daga matakin ƙasa, yayin da suke barin maballin asali;
- Sanitary - da aka samar kowace shekara a cikin kaka ko farkon spring, a gaba na toho karya. Lokacin da pruning cire duk karya, da waxannan cututtukan ko rauni rassan. Tare da kambi mai kauri, pruning ana amfani dashi na thinning;
- rejuvenating - an samar da kowane shekaru 5 zuwa 8, a lokacin da aka yanke rassan rassan a kan rassan, don haka canza yanayin mayar da hankali zuwa girma zuwa reshe mai girma.
Shin kuna sani? An kafa 'ya'yan itatuwa a iyakar rassan. Girma da ƙungiya buds ba a dage farawa a kan gajeren 'ya'yan itace rassan, wanda baya kaiwa ga wani rauni girbi na berries.
Cututtuka da kwari
Cherries suna da karfin maganin cututtukan cututtuka da kwari, amma mummunan yanayi yanayi yana haifar da cututtuka da kwari.
Kwayoyin cututtuka irin su coccomycosis, monilioz da klyasterosporiosis (tsinkar dasu) sun fi cutarwa ga itacen ceri.
Kokkomikoz - wata cuta wadda ta samo asali. Kwayar ta nuna kansa ta hanyar bayyanar a saman ɓangaren launi na kananan launin ja, wanda daga bisani ya hada cikin manyan. Baya ga ganye, berries suna shafi.
Moniliasis - cututtukan fungal ne kuma da tsuntsun tsuntsaye, wanda ya faru ta hanyar lalacewa a cikin lalata. Bayyana cututtukan cututtuka - ganyayyaki suna juya launin ruwan kasa, fade kuma baya bushe. Har ila yau, naman gwari yana shafan 'ya'yan itatuwa. Kwayoyin cututtuka suna darkening da blackening daga cikin 'ya'yan itace da abincin giya.
Klesterosporiosis wata cuta ce, tare da kasancewar launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye, a cikin wurin da aka kafa ramuka a sakamakon mutuwar ganye. 
Yakin da wadannan cututtuka ya ta'allaka ne a cikin irin waɗannan ayyuka:
- a kaucewa da ƙonewa da lalacewar berries, ganye da rassan;
- Cikakken ƙasa sosai kusa da itace;
- a cikin aiki na sadarwar daji da kuma masu launi na tsarin jiki ("Strobe", "Topaz", "Horus").
Cherry tashi - kwari wanda ya sa qwai a cikin 'ya'yan itace. Lokacin da larvae suka ci, an ci naman, wanda sakamakon hakan ya zama bayyane: rami da baki baki.
Cherry aphid - tsibirinsa sunyi sabo daga cikin ganyayyaki, sakamakon abin da suke lalata, juya baki da bushe.
Cherry slimy sawfly wani kwari ne wanda yake ciyarwa a kan nama na ganye, yana cire kayan kwaskwarima na sama, ya sa ganye su bushe. 
Kwayar cuta ta kunshi aiki na itace tare da shirye-shirye na musamman - kwari ("Karbofos", "Fufanon", "Iskra M"). Ana yin amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi daki-daki a cikin umarnin don amfani.
Shin kuna sani? Cherry aphid - tushen wuta don ƙudaje. Yin watsi da wani ceri aphid, wanda aka yi amfani da ceri yana hallaka a lokaci guda.
Rigakafin cututtuka da kariya ta dace da kwari sun ƙunshi ayyuka masu zuwa:
- Fallen ganye ko ciyawa sharan gona ne mai kyau kyawawan ƙasa don kwayoyin cuta da microorganisms. Sabili da haka, dacewar girbi da kuma tsire-tsire na ciyawa zai hana abin da ya faru na cututtuka;
- Tsare-tsaren yau da kullum tare da lemun tsami ko mafitaccen maganin kututture da ƙananan rassan zasu hana abin da ya faru da cututtuka kuma hana ganga daga overgrowing haushi;
- Yanke kan itace ya kamata a bi da su tare da maganin antiseptics (ƙarfe 10% ko jan karfe 5% vitriol, peint na man) ko filin farar lambu;
- a lokacin hunturu, itacen bishiya ya kamata a rarrabe shi daga rodents by rassan coniferous, takarda ko yin rufi.
Cherry iri-iri M wasu musamman masu daraja lambu. Yana da iri-iri iri-iri wanda ba ya buƙatar hanyoyin fasaha mai zurfi a kulawarta. Yana da matukar damuwa ga yanayin zafi da fari, yayin da ake cike da ƙwaya da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa ana kiyaye su a matsayi mai tsawo. 
Saurin dasa shuki na cherries, wanda baya buƙatar basira na musamman, kuma kulawa marasa kyau yana janyo hankalin magunguna masu karimci ga masu yawa. Bugu da ƙari, wannan iri-iri ne ba musamman mai saukin kamuwa zuwa cututtuka da kwari, wanda yana da sakamako mai kyau a kan plozhonoshenii.
