Rasberi girma

Rasberi "Himbo Top": halaye, aikin gona agrotechnology

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, wani sabon horar da iri-iri na manyan-fruited raspberries da ake kira "Himbo Yawan". Me ya sa ya kasance mai ban mamaki kuma yana da daraja a kula da shi? Bari mu gwada shi.

Kiwo

Irin wannan iri-iri ne da Peter Heuenstein ya yi a Switzerland, kwanan nan kwanan nan, a 2008. Yana da matasan Shibo Queen da Ott Bliss. Lubera ya kawo kasuwar duniya.

Shin kuna sani? A cikin maganin mutane, ana amfani da 'ya'yan itatuwa na raspberries a matsayin diaphoretic. Kuma ana amfani da syrup ta hanyar amfani da magungunan azaman ƙanshi mai ƙanshi a gauraya.

Halaye da fasali

Da farko, za mu gabatar maka da abin da ake kira Himbo Top rasberi.

Bushes

Ana yin tsayi da tsayi, tsayin su ya kai daga 1.8 zuwa 2.2 m. Domin sahun "Himbo Top" yana da kyawawan garter. A cikin shekara ta farko, sabobin suna ba da furanni 5-7, a cikin shekaru masu zuwa - daga 10 zuwa 12. The shrub yana da 'ya'yan itace da yawa, tsawonsu yana da 70-80 cm kuma an samo su tare da kowane tsawo na daji.

Yi ado da kanka tare da irin waɗannan kayan gyara raspberries irin su: "Giant Giant", "Gida", "Atlant", "Gusar", "Caramel", da "Giant".

Berries

Wani fasali na wannan iri-iri shine manyan berries na launin jan launi, nauyin su ya kai 10 g. Suna da siffar siffar, ba su yi duhu ba kuma kada su dame daga bishiyoyi bayan sun fara. A lokaci guda, suna iya karya daga rassan. Abin dandano yana da dadi, tare da karamin ƙanshi, wanda yawanci ba shi da mahimmanci a cikin iri iri, m. An yi la'akari da iri-iri - marmari yana farawa a farkon watan Agusta kuma yana da har zuwa makonni takwas.

Yawo

Bambanci "Himbo Top" a matsayin mai girma. Ɗaya daga cikin daji na iya ba da kilo 5 na berries. A kan sikelin masana'antu, tare da kyakkyawan fasaha na aikin gona, kadada daya hectare na Himbo Top shine girbi tsakanin 16 da 20 ton na amfanin gona.

Shin kuna sani? A yanayi, akwai nau'i mai launi, an gabatar da shi zuwa Turai daga Amurka a 1771. Kuma a 1893 a Switzerland, an ketare tare da ja raspberries kuma samu wani iri-iri tare da purple berries.

Cutar juriya

Rasberi "Himbo Top" yana da matukar damuwa ga cututtuka da dama, ciki har da marigayi blight, rot rot, fungal da cututtuka na kwayan cuta. Shrubs zai iya shafan fusarium da kuma ciwon daji.

Frost juriya

Amma irin wannan alama a matsayin sanyi juriya shi ne karami na wannan iri-iri. A cikin hunturu, dole ne a yanke katako a tushen. Har ila yau, saboda wannan fasalin, wannan nau'in ba shi da girma a arewacin yankuna.

Yadda za a zaba seedlings lokacin sayen: tips

Abu na farko a lokacin zabar seedlings ya kamata a bincika buds da asalinsu. Ya kamata a yi akalla uku buds a gindi, su ne waɗanda za su dasa bayan dasa. Ya kamata a ci gaba da inganta tsarin tushen, zai kara da cewa tsire-tsire zai dauki tushe a sabon wuri. Ƙasa ƙasa ba ta taka muhimmiyar rawa ba: ana iya sayar da seedlings ba tare da rassan ba.

Zaɓi wurin da ya dace

Jingina na girbi girbi ya fi girma ya dogara da zaɓin wuri don na'urar rasberi. Musamman bushes na bukatar lighting da kuma abun da ke ciki na kasar gona.

Haskewa

Don raspberries, zabi wuraren da kyau-lit. Zai fi kyau zuwa ƙasa daga arewa zuwa kudu ko daga gabas zuwa kudu maso yamma. Idan akwai rashin isasshen haske, ƙwayoyin sun fi mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka da lalacewa ta hanyar kwari, kuma ingancin berries ana ragewa sosai. Ana shirya rassan bishiyoyi tare da fences, amma wannan ba shine mafi kyau ba, tare da wannan tsari, ƙananan bishiyoyi ba za suyi 'ya'ya ba sosai kuma za su sami bayyanar da aka yi watsi.

Yana da muhimmanci! Saboda buƙatar abinci mai kyau, kada ku dasa bishiyoyi a cikin itatuwan 'ya'yan itace, kamar yadda za su cire duk kayan gina jiki daga ƙasa zuwa gare ku, hana kayan girbi daga cikakkiyar bunkasa.

Ƙasa

Raspberries suna girma sosai a kan albarkatun ƙasa masu yawa a cikin kwayoyin halitta. Ya kamata kasar gona ta kasance sako-sako da kayan abinci mai gina jiki, loamy ko yashi, da kyau.

Shirye-shiryen aiki akan shafin

Bayan an zabi mãkirci, dole ne a tsabtace shi da kyau. Dole ne a gwada kasar gona zuwa zurfin bayonet spade. Sa'an nan kuma humus (8-10 kg / sq M) ko taki (10-15 kg / sq M), da takin mai magani na potash (30-40 g / sq M) da kuma superphosphate (50-60 g / sq. m).

Irin wannan horo ya kamata a yi a cikin fall, idan an dasa shuki na raspberries a cikin bazara. Idan saukowa zai zama kaka, an shirya ƙasa a watan daya kafin taron.

Shirin mataki na Stepwise

Saboda gaskiyar cewa wannan iri-iri yana da rassan rassan itatuwa, adadin da aka ba da shawarar tsakanin layuka yana da 2.5-3 m, kuma tsakanin bushes suna barin game da rabi 70. An dasa shuki Himbo Top a rami ko ƙananan ramuka har zuwa zurfin 45 cm. game da rabin mita.

Yana da muhimmanci! An ba da ganuwar haɗin gwiwar don ƙarfafa kariya, wanda aka yi amfani dashi a matsayin fim din polyethylene.

Suna rudani wuri don dasa shuki a cikin makonni 2-3, sanya Layer na humus ko takin (10 cm) a kasan fossa, kuma cika shi da launi na ƙasa (10 cm) a saman. An sanya seedling a cikin rami kuma an rufe shi da ƙasa mai kyau. A lokacin da dasa shuki kana buƙatar tabbatar da cewa wuyan kafar ya kasance sama da ƙasa. Bayan duk bishiyoyi ana shuka su, dole ne a shayar da su sosai.

Kulawa mai mahimmanci - maɓallin don girbi mai kyau

Ƙarin sakamakon ya dogara ne akan kulawa da kyau na shrubs. Kodayake suna son Himbo Top da kuma ba da bukatar kulawa, wa] ansu shawarwarin sun bukaci a girmama su.

Watering da mulching

Watering ne da za'ayi a matsayin ƙasa ta kafe. Wajibi ya kamata ya kasance mai yawa, don haka danshi ya shiga zurfin zurfi ga dukan tsarin tsarin. M sakamako a kan cin gaban shrubs mulching. Don wannan hanya, amfani da bambaro, sawdust da Pine needles.

Top dressing

An fara cin abinci na farko bayan hunturu. A cikin bazara, an yi amfani da takin mai magani a kasar gona (15-17 g / sq. M). Organics kuma taimakawa a cikin bazara lokacin da loosening kasar gona. A cikin kaka, ana shuka su da phosphorus-potassium taki. A kan 1 square. m kawo 125-145 g na superphosphate da 100 g na potassium sulphate. Ana ciyar da wannan sau ɗaya kowace shekara uku.

Yin rigakafi

Amfani da rigakafi game da kwari da cututtuka ana gudanar da shi a lokacin yaduwar farfadowa. Ana iya samar da shi ta hanyar shirye-shirye na sinadaran (ruwa na Bordeaux, jan karfe sulphate, urea), tare da taimakon magungunan gargajiya (mustard, ruwan zãfi, tsire-tsire). Copper sulfate ya kawar da cututtukan cututtuka. Don samun samfurin aiki a cikin lita 5 na ruwa, 50 g na wannan samfurin dole ne a narkar da shi.

Yana da muhimmanci! A lokacin girma girma da ci gaban aiki an haramta yin amfani da katako tare da jan karfe sulfate, yayin da yake tarawa a cikin mai tushe sa'an nan kuma an canja shi zuwa berries.

1% bayani Bordeaux ruwa avoids powdery mildew. Doard da yin burodi soda kare bushes daga weevils. Don spraying shirya wani bayani na lita 10 na ruwa da 20 g na mustard ko soda. Dole ne a yi bayani game da mustard na tsawon sa'o'i 12. Mulching tare da needles kuma kare da rot da weevils.

Prop

Wadannan nau'o'in da suke da yawa suna buƙatar takaddama mai dacewa ga goyon bayan. A saboda wannan dalili, an gina katako na wucin gadi, dole ne a daura rassan da su tare da dan kadan don kada mafi girma ya karya a karkashin nauyin berries.

Pruning

Suka yanke raspberries kafin hunturu, wannan iri-iri ba ya buƙatar pruning da pinching a lokacin girma da kuma fruiting kakar, kamar dukan remontant iri. Cire darajar kawai dried ko rauni harbe.

Wintering

Bayan girbi, ana tsintar da 'ya'yan itace da kuma harbe matasa. Sauran rassan an guga a ƙasa kuma an rufe shi da rassan ko allon. Lokacin da ake horar da su a yankuna tare da tsire-tsire masu sanyi, dole ne a yanke duka ƙasa kuma ya rufe tare da fim.

Bayan sake nazarin iri-iri iri-iri Khimbo Top, bayaninsa, samarwa daga wata daji da sauran dabi'un, zaɓaɓɓe a cikin ni'ima zai zama bayyane.