Spathiphyllum

Spathiphyllum (Spathiphyllum) - a herbaceous perennial daga Aroid iyali. Spathiphyllum ya fito daga wurare masu zafi na Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Wasu nau'ikan sun fito ne daga Indonesia da tsibirin Philippine.

Dankin yana da ado ne saboda daskararre mai duhu mai sihiri maras tushe da aka tattara a cikin wani muhimmi na Rosal tare da tsawo na 30 cm zuwa 1 m. Ganyen yana da kyau, an nuna shi zuwa biri, tare da keɓaɓɓiyar jijiya ta tsakiya. Petioles yana da tsawo, yana fadada ƙasa.

A inflorescence ne cob aka nannade cikin m daskararren dusar ƙanƙara fari. a yawancin jinsuna, kodayake yana da hasken haske mai launin kore. Bayan fure, mai tsawon makonni 6-10, murfin ya zama kore.

Abubuwan da ke da amfani da cutarwa na spathiphyllum

An san furen a matsayin ɗayan mafi kyawun tsabtataccen iska daga wasu ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa - benzene, formaldehyde, trichlorethylene da sauransu, da kuma daga acetone da vapors barasa. Dangane da wasu kafofin, yana lalata bayyanar mold.

Koyaya, kamar yawancin cututtukan aroid, ya ƙunshi lu'ulu'u na oxalate, wanda zai iya haifar da haushi na mucosa na baki, harshe har ma kumburi na maƙogwaro, idan ba zato ba tsammani ƙaramin yaro ya yanke shawarar gwada ganye don ɗanɗano.

Alamu da camfi

Daga cikin lambu, ra'ayi mai rikicewa game da kuzarin perenni yana watsa - wasu sun yi imani cewa yana fitar da maza daga gidan, wasu, akasin haka, suna da tabbacin cewa yana taimaka wajan neman abokin rayuwarsa. Ba a banza bane da ake kiran fure "farin ciki mace."

Sun ce idan kun girma shi gefe ɗaya tare da anthurium - "farin ciki na maza", to, jituwa da fahimtar juna zasu yi sarauta a cikin gidan. Zai fi kyau a dasa su a cikin tukunya ɗaya, duk da haka, yawancin masu shuka fure suna shakkar irin wannan yanayin - yanayin kulawa da tabbatarwa sun bambanta sosai a tsire-tsire.

Daya daga cikin mahimman camfi da ke da alaƙa da fure yana nuni da jan hankali da ƙauna da kuma farawar haihuwa da aka dade ana jira. Kuma abin da ake tsammanin zai faru da zaran an buɗe toho na spathiphyllum.

Idan fure ta bushe, to farin ciki yakan bar dangi. Itace bata yarda da abin kunya da rikice-rikice a cikin dakin ba, nan da nan suka bar ganyayyaki marasa rai. Ko waɗannan alamun gaskiya ne ko a'a, dole ne kowane ɗan kasuwa ya yanke shawara don kansa.

Siffofin kulawar gida (A takaice)

Kula da spathiphyllum a gida

Farkon masu furannin furanni zasu sake tattara tarin gidajensu cikin nishaɗi tare da shuka, tunda baya tilasta manyan buƙatu na musamman akan abubuwan da suke ciki.

Saukar spathiphyllum

Tare da kulawar da ta dace, spathiphyllum yana bayyanannen ɗan fure - daga ɗaya da rabi zuwa watanni 2.5, kuma wannan shine babban amfani. An tattara furanni masu karamin gashi a cikin inflorescence-cob - duka maza da mata akan ɗayan. Tsaba a gida ba a ɗaure shi ba, saboda kasancewarsu yana buƙatar pollination tare da ƙudan zuma na musamman.

Girman cob ya bambanta da irin nau'in spathiphyllum, amma launi kusan kullun dusar ƙanƙara-fari ne, lokaci-lokaci haske kore. Abin da ya sa ake kiran tsire-tsire da sunan "farin safarar", ko da yake "farin ciki na mata" shine mafi yawan suna.

A cewar almara, allahn ƙauna Astarte a ranar bikinta ya hura karamin farincikin farincikinsa a cikin fure domin ya basu duka forya foryan aure. Sunan Botanical sunan ana kuma hade da inflorescence kuma ana fassara shi daga Girkanci na dā a matsayin mayafin murfin.

Bayan spathiphyllum ya bushe, yakamata a yanke kibiya a gindi

Yanayin Zazzabi

Spathiphyllum - tsire-tsire masu tsinkaye ne kuma al'ada suna haɓaka ne kawai lokacin da suke riƙe da zafin jiki na cikin gida daga kewayon +18 zuwa +25 sama da sifilin.. Za'a iya jure zafin ne kawai idan da isasshen ƙaruwa a cikin iska, amma mahimmin mahimmanci a gare su bai wuce digiri 32 ba. A cikin hunturu, ba a so a ƙyale ma'aunin zafi da sanyio zuwa ƙasa da digiri 15. Furen ba ya son zayyana da sanyi, wanda ke busawa ta taga.

Fesa

Danshi yanayi ne mai mahimmanci a cikin haɓakar spathiphyllum. Dankin ya fifita spraying, musamman a lokacin zafi.

Koyaya, shuka yana iya daidaitawa da bushewar iska tare da matakan dindindin na zafi wanda bai wuce 40-50% ba.

Haske

Masana sun yi jayayya game da bukatun shuka don haske: wasu suna ɗaukar shi inuwa-mai haƙuri, wasu, akasin haka, sun fi son haske, amma ya ba da haske. Hasken rana kai tsaye yana lalata ciyawar mai haske, yana barin aiyukan ƙonewa. Rashin hasken yana shafar rashin daidaituwa ko rashin fure.

Mafi kyau duka ga fure zai zama jeri a kan windowsills na gabas ko yamma shugabanci, shades a lokacin hours da aiki rana, duk da haka, ko da tare da wucin gadi lighting, da shuka tasowa quite kullum.

Watse

Spathiphyllum yana buƙatar rigar kullun, amma ba rigar jihar na earthen coma ba. Shuka nan da nan ta mayar da martani ga rashin danshi a cikin ƙasa ta ragewan ganye, amma, turgor ya sake murmurewa da sauri bayan ya sha ruwa.

Furen ba ya yarda da bushe-bushe na cakuda ƙasa, wani ɓangare na tushen tushen ya mutu, kuma ga alama cewa ganye, wanda ya mayar da elasticity, sau da yawa baya juya rawaya da bushe ta wata hanya. A ƙasƙantar da spathiphyllum sau 2-3 a mako a lokacin zafi lokacin zafi tare da, ruwa mai tsafta. A cikin hunturu, an rage yawan ruwa zuwa sau ɗaya a mako. Koyaya, suna ƙoƙarin su hana gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin kwanon rufi kuma magudana ruwa mai wuce haddi.

Forasa don spathiphyllum

A shuka girma a cikin wani sako-sako da m substrate, kunshi daidai sassa:

• humus
• peat ƙasa
• takarda ƙasa da yashi da ninki biyu na turf ƙasar.

Dukansu sun haɗu sosai kuma an daɗa ƙananan ƙananan kwakwalwan bulo da gawayi. Za'a shimfiɗa daskararren yumɓu ko magudanar ruwa a ƙasan furen.

Taki da taki

Dankin yana buƙatar riguna masu ɗorewa a duka bazara da kuma lokacin hunturu idan ya ci gaba da ciyayi, amma ba shi da hutawa. Daga watan Afrilu zuwa Satumba, furewar spathiphyllum a cikin dakin ana hadi kowane kwana 15-20 tare da takin ma'adinai masu ma'ana tare da abubuwan da ke ciki na potassium, phosphorus da nitrogen. A cikin hunturu, an rage suturar miya zuwa sau ɗaya a wata kuma ana zaɓi takin ƙasa da ƙasa tare da rage yawan sinadarin nitrogen.

Spathiphyllum dasawa

Samari na samfuran spathiphyllum suna buƙatar juyawa na shekara-shekara.

Arin tsire-tsire masu girma da yawa za'a iya dasa shi zuwa cikin mafi girman filayen filayen ƙasa da sau da yawa - sau ɗaya kowace shekara 3-5. Koyaya, ga kowace shuka, ya zama dole don yanke shawarar mutum - cikin sauri bushes sama tare da adadi mai yawa na 'yar gefen pagons za a iya cunkoso a cikin tukunya, kuma za su ƙi Bloom.

Lokacin dasawa, bai kamata ku zaɓi tukunya da sauri ba wanda ya fi wanda ya gabata girma. Tushen zai haɓaka sararin ciki na jirgin ruwa na dogon lokaci zuwa ɓarna da kyakkyawan fure.

Mai jan tsami

Spathiphyllum na gida ba ya buƙatar kwantar da kullun. Yana da mahimmanci don cire cobs iri iri a daidai lokacin don fara maimaita fure, da kuma yanke ganye masu launin rawaya a gindi.

Spathiphyllum haifuwa

A gida, shuka ya ninka kawai lokacin dasawa ta hanyar rarraba rhizome zuwa sassa da yawa. Yana da mahimmanci cewa kowane rarrabuwa ya ƙunshi tushen lafiya da ƙaramin ganye na ganye. Wasu lokuta ba zai yiwu a rarrabe tsari tare da tushen daga shuka na iyaye ba. A wannan yanayin, yakamata a kafe a cikin ruwa, sannan a dasa a cikin cakuda ƙasa don girma spathiphyllums na manya.

Hakanan iya yuwuwar yaduwar tsire-tsire ta hanyar tsaba, amma kayan shuka ba abu mai sauƙi ba ne a cikin shagon fure, kuma wannan hanyar ta fi cin lokaci da ɗaukar lokaci.

• Tushen juyawa saboda da wuce haddi danshi na duniya coma.
• Nasihun ganye spathiphyllum yana nuna alamar kasancewar wannan matsalar a farkon bayyanar ta, kodayake suna iya nuna yanayin bushewa da buƙatar fesawa.
• Kodadde ganye nuna wuce haddi na haske.
• Drooping foliage koyaushe yana gaya wa mai girbi game da yanayin ban ruwa. Gaskiya ne, shuka yakan amsa yawan danshi ta hanyar barin ganye.
• Faren ganye da aka juya na musamman a yanayin zafi da ƙarancin zafi.
• Girma yayi rauni perennial saboda rashin ƙasa cakuda manganese da baƙin ƙarfe, ko isasshen assimilation saboda sanyi abun ciki ko rage iska permeability na ƙasa cakuda.
• An bar ganye tare da raguwa a zazzabi daki.
• Leaf gefuna juya launin rawaya spathiphyllum daga rigar fure tare da ruwa mai tsauri.
• Ba ya fureidan shuka ba ta da isasshen haske ko isasshen zafi. Yawancin lokaci dalilin ƙi zuwa Bloom shine ciyarwar da ba ta dace ko kuma rashin tsawon saurin fassara. Sau da yawa yana yiwuwa a fara fure ta hanyar motsa tukunyar fure zuwa mafi kyawun yanayi jituwa.
• Ganyen fari a cikin ganyayyaki da ake kira sabon abu game da gutting, lokacin da shuka ke yin wuce gona da iri. Yana da halayyar cututtukan aroid da yawa kuma baya wakiltar matsala a cikin kulawa.

Daga cikin kwari a kan spathiphyllum, an lura da kwari da yawa - aphids, kwari kwari, thrips, mealybugs da whiteflies, amma gizo-gizo kwayoyi musamman fusatar da perennial.

Nau'in homeopathic spathiphyllum tare da hotuna da sunaye

A cikin namo cikin gida, shahararrun sune nau'ikan spathiphyllum daga 50 da aka sani a yanayi:

Spathiphyllum Blooming (S. floribundum)

Itace tare da rosette mai yawa, wani lokacin ya ƙunshi ganyayyaki 40, mai cike da duhu, emerald 20-25. Zai iya yin fure a shekara, ƙwaya tana fari da launin rawaya.

Spathiphyllum cannifolia (S. cannifolium)

Fushin wannan nau'in yana kama da ƙwayoyin ganye na canna kuma ya kai rabin mita a tsawo. An rufe kunnuwa mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Yana fure tare da kyakkyawar kulawa sau biyu a shekara: a watan Afrilu-Yuni kuma a ƙarshen Nuwamba.

Spathiphyllum kyakkyawa (S. blandum)

An rarrabe ta ta hanyar wata shugabar mayafin fenti wanda yake rufe da inuwar cobba ɗaya wacce ke kewaye da babban ganye har zuwa 20-35 cm tsayi akan petioles, yana kaiwa 30-40 cm

Spathiphyllum Cokali mai siffa (S. cochlearispathum)

Tsayi mai tsayi wanda zai iya shimfiɗa zuwa alamar mita. Ganyayyaki suna da yawa, kusan 35-40 cm, a kan petioles cm cm 70. Sifar halayyar inflorescence tana da launin shuɗi a farkon farkon fure, a ƙarshen shi kusan baki ne. Ambar shimfidar gado fari fat ce kuma tayi kwalliya kamar zata tashi.

Spathiphyllum Wallis (S. wallisii)

Perennial daga 30 zuwa 60 cm high tare da m foliage har zuwa 25 cm tsawon .. A gefuna na ruwan wukake ganye ne wavy. Flow yana farawa a ƙarshen bazara ko farkon lokacin bazara, kuma a lokacin kaka ko hunturu. Kunnen yana da haske rawaya, a lullube da farin dusar ƙanƙara, sau uku kamar kunne.

Mafi kyawun iri:

Chopin - Karamin iri-iri wanda ba ya wuce 30-35 cm tsayi tare da furanni masu kamshi tare da shimfidar shimfiɗaɗɗun fure tare da saman da aka nuna;

Sensation - an yi la'akari da mafi girma iri-iri a cikin namo na cikin gida, wanda ya kai 150 cm a tsayi, tare da ganye kusan kusan 80 cm;

Picasso - nau'ikan iri-iri tare da tsarin farin-kore a cikin ganyayyaki;

Kocin Cupido - Yaren mutanen Holland tare da wani sabon nau'i na shimfidar gado - elongated da kunkuntar zuwa saman, an fentin su a wasu tabarau na kore.

Spathiphyllum ya shahara sosai a cikin ciyawar cikin gida saboda kwatankwacinsa da kuma kulawa mai sauƙi, mai sauƙin amfani har ma da sabon shiga wanda ya san ainihin kayan aikin tsirrai.