Daga cikin adadin yawan furanni na perennials barkono mai kyau shine wuri na musamman tsakanin lambu. Wannan injin yana ƙaunar da ba shi da kyau a yanayin kulawa da kulawa, da haske da kuma ban sha'awa a furen siffar. Duk da haka, don samun inganci mai kyau da kuma ci gaba da karar da kararrawa a duk lokacin girma, dole ne a san dukkanin jinsin abubuwan da ake son shuka. Dukkan wadannan asirin ne za a bayyana mana a yau, kuma mu gano abin da kullun yayi tare da cikakken bayani game da halaye iri-iri da kuma yanayin shayarwa a cikin lambun.
Bayanan Botanical
Jirgin yaro ne mai memba na 'yar ƙararrawa daga cikin kararrawa. Wannan tsire-tsire mai kyau yana da yanayi mai kyau, wanda ke rufe dukkan gabashin Turai, har zuwa Ural Mountains. 
Fure yana zaune a yankuna masu gandun daji, a cikin ravines da kuma cikin rassan daji. Kwanan nan, wannan jinsin yana daya daga cikin tsuntsaye mafi yawan gaske, amma aikin mutum yana rage yawan nau'in jinsi a cikin yanayin. Saboda haka, mafi yawancin wannan furen yana samuwa ne kawai a cikin yanayin wucin gadi.
Shin kuna sani? Ganye da bellflower tushe ne edible kuma quite mutane za su iya amfani dasu don abinci.
Bayani da hoto
Kwaran kwalliya ne mai wakilci na nau'in nau'in nau'in 'ya'yan itace. Ya danganta da nau'o'in da kuma yanayin da ake tsarewa, ƙwararren girma ya kai kimanin 50 zuwa 100 cm, kuma a wasu lokuta har ma da rikodin 160 cm. Tsarin jinsunan yana da gaskiya, amma a lokuta da yawa ana iya haɗa shi, sauƙi a tsarin kuma kusan cikakkiyar tsirara. Tushen shi ne yatsun kafa. Ganye a kan tushe a kunkuntar, an shirya shi a madadin. Su launi ne yawanci duhu kore. Ƙananan furanni suna da ƙananan karami fiye da babba, wanda a mafi yawan lokuta kusan 100% duka tare da gefuna. 
Babban girman kai daga cikin kararrawa tana kama da siffar ƙwallon ƙwallon, wanda aka haɗe da ƙananan matakan pedicels. Ana fentin su da yawa a cikin duhu-violet ko launi na lalac, amma wani lokaci ma suna da fari. Ana amfani da furanni a cikin goga, wanda daga 3 zuwa 8 furanni. Sakamakon yana cikin mafi yawan lokuta a fadi da babba, kimanin 4 cm a diamita. Kofuna na da gajere, tare da hakora masu tsayi da yawa a ƙarshen. Lokaci na zamani na wannan jinsin ba zai wuce kwanaki 30 ba, zai fara ne a watan Yuni kuma ya ƙare a ƙarshen Yuli. Bayan da kararrawa ta ɓace, daga watan Agusta zuwa Satumba, akwatuna iri-iri da yawancin tsaba sun bayyana akan shi.
Shin kuna sani? Ba da daɗewa ba, an gano irin ƙwayar fata na peachy. An shuka ingancin da ba a gane shi ba saboda nau'in furanni mai haske.
Popular iri
Zuwa kwanan wata, akwai adadi mai yawa na ƙwaƙwalwa. Daga cikinsu akwai tsire-tsire tare da furanni mai yawa, Semi-biyu kuma har ma terry, wanda za a iya hade shi tare da kowane tsire-tsire konamental. Amma mafi mashahuri lambu ji dadin wadannan iri:
- 'Alba'- jagorancin wakilan jinsuna. Ginin gonar yana kusa da mita 1. A halayyar alama na shuka - manyan farin furanni na cikakken siffar tare da m da m Lines.
- 'Caerulea'- sako-sako-sako-sako-bushy perennial. Tsawon tayin yana cikin 80 cm. Furen suna manyan, shafe-blue-shades, an tattara a cikin halayyar apical goga. Yana girma sosai a kan yumbu kasa duka a cikin haske da kuma m inuwa.
- 'Moerheimii'- irin ƙararrawa ba ta wuce 90 cm ba. Yanayin halayen su ne manyan furanni masu launin furen na yau da kullum.
Shin kuna sani? A cikin mutane akwai sunayen da yawa na kararrawa. Mafi yawan su: ma'aikatan Adam, maganganu, kararrawa, kararrawa, kurciya, ƙananan maɓallai.
Inda zan dasa shuka
Tun lokacin da ƙwallon ƙwallon ya zama nau'i na ainihi na yanayin yanayi, maras kyau ga yanayin zama, dasawa, har ma da kulawa da wannan jinsin ba zai haifar da matsala ba tare da mai son lambu. Amma don samun shuke-shuke mai kyau da furanni mai haske na daidaiccen siffar, kana buƙatar kiyaye wasu siffofin musamman lokacin zabar wurin zama na fure.
Ƙwararrun baƙaƙe - babban zaɓi don dasa shuki a cikin ƙasa ko a gonar, misali: astilba, mai watsa shiri, rudbeckia, iris, herbaceous peonies, chamomile, echinacea.
Zaɓi wuri da haske
Duk da cewa karrarawa su ne mazaunan penumbra na cikin gandun daji, dabbobin bishiyoyi da muke tunanin bambanta babban ƙauna ga haske mai kyau. Sabili da haka, lambun da ke da kyau ko flowerbed zai kasance wuri mai kyau don dasa shuki ɗamara. 
Saboda gaskiyar cewa shuka ba ta jure wa danshi mai laushi ba, don dasa shuki yana da mafi kyaun zabi wani yanki tare da karamin girman dangi da duk shafin. Ko kuma ya haifar da duk yanayin da zai dace da ƙasa.
Bukatun shara
Jinsin ba shi da mahimmanci game da yanayin ƙasa, amma zabin da aka zaba domin girma da furanni zai zama tsaka tsaki ko ƙasa mai ƙarancin ƙasa mai mahimmanci mai zurfi. Bugu da ƙari, da shuka za ta amsa daidai ga ƙasa tare da babban abun ciki na humus. Lokacin da ake yin kararrawa, yana da muhimmanci a tuna da hakan kafin dasa ƙasa dole ne ta kasance cikin cikakken shiri. 
Don yin wannan, yana da muhimmanci wata daya kafin dasa shuki don yin wurin zama ta 1 square. m kimanin 300 g na lemun tsami, buro na humus ko takin, game da 60 g na superphosphate, 30 g na potassium sulfate. Bayan haka, dole ne kasar gona ta narke da sassauta.
Yana da muhimmanci! An haramta ta maye gurbin humus da takin tare da peat ko taki, saboda wannan zai haifar da ci gaban cututtukan fungal a cikin shuka da mutuwarsa.
Girma karrarawa daga tsaba
Da farko, dole ne a karar da kararrawa daga tsaba kuma a shirye a shirye don cigaba a yanayi.
Tsarin shirye
A mafi yawancin lokuta, tsaba na furannin fure ba sa buƙatar shirye-shiryen farko. Ba tare da damuwa ba, za a iya shuka su kai tsaye a cikin ƙasa mai tsabta na flowerbed a farkon watan Mayu, ko kuma a cikin watan Oktoba. 
Amma don yashe kayan da ba dama ba, muna bada shawarar cewa ku fara zuba tsaba a cikin gilashin ruwa. Yawan nauyin da zai kasance a saman fim, a kusan kusan 100% na shari'o'in, ba zai ba da tsire-tsire ba.
Shuka kan seedlings
Shuka tsaba ga seedlings samar a karshen Maris. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da kwantena na lambun lambu maras kyau tare da matakan musamman don germination. An shirya daga turf ƙasar, humus da m sand a cikin rabo na 6: 3: 1. Ƙarin taki a cikin irin wannan ƙasa ba lallai ba ne, amma kafin shuka shi wajibi ne don wanke shi da alheri tare da zaunar da ruwa. 
Za'a iya aiwatar da shuka a cikin ƙasa, a cikin wani kayan lambu na musamman, amma ba kafin karshen watan Mayu ba. A wannan yanayin, za ku sami shuka tsire-tsire kawai don kakar wasa ta gaba, don haka tsaba masu shuka su ne mafi kyau a cikin yanayin gida. Tun da tsaba daga cikin tsire-tsire suna da ƙananan, suna da kyau kuma an rarraba su a kan maɓallin. Bayan haka, dole ne a danne dan kadan a cikin ƙasa, wanda aka shafe shi da lambun lambun. Tsarin tsari yana rufe shi da wani fim na filastik don ƙirƙirar sakamako na greenhouse. Dangane da yawan zafin jiki, game da + 18-21 ° C, bayan makonni 2-3, ƙananan furanni sun bayyana. 
Da zarar mafiya yawan tsaba suna ci gaba, suna da muhimmanci don cire fim daga tsirrai kuma motsa shi zuwa wuri mai haske, amma ba tare da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. A wannan mataki, sprouts ba sa buƙatar kulawa ta musamman, ya isa kawai don shayar da su kuma a hankali a hankali a cire sashin jikin don samar da tushen da ƙarin oxygen. Bayan 'yan makonni, ana tsirrai tsire-tsire, bayan haka a cikin makonni biyu za a iya ciyar da su tare da takalmin ruwa na musamman.
Kashe
Ana amfani da tsire-tsire na tsirrai bayan tsomawa an fara fara ganye. Yana da muhimmanci a gudanar da wannan hanya har sai tushen tsarin tsarin matasa ya cika da sararin samaniya ko tsaka-tsaki tare da tushen wani seedling. 
A cikin yanayin farko, injin zai fara sannu a hankali kuma ya mutu daga rashin sararin samaniya da kayan abinci. A wannan yanayin, bayan dasawa, matakan ci gaba za su ragu, saboda sakamakon abin da seedlings bazai da lokaci don samar da su, kuma za ku ga farkon karuwar karrarawa a gaba kakar. A cikin akwati na biyu, ƙananan tsararru ba za a iya rabu ba tare da lalacewa ba, sakamakon abin da ɓangaren seedlings zasu iya mutu. 
An yi matasan yara zuwa jirgin ruwa sau da yawa ya fi girma. A wannan yanayin, zaka iya yin amfani da tsarin mulki: ƙari mafi kyau. Duk da haka, a cikin wannan lamari yana da mahimmanci kada a rufe shi da kundin tsarin, tun da zai yi wuya a kula da tukunya mai girma.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsayar da tsire-tsire, a matsayin mai mulkin, kada ku shuka sosai. Distance tsakanin su babu dole ne ya wuce kusan 10 cm.
Sauran hanyoyin kiwo
Cikakken kwalliya, ba tare da girma daga tsaba ba, yana yadawa a wasu hanyoyi, musamman, da kuma vegetatively. Yawancin lambu suna zuwa hanyoyi biyu da aka yarda da su gaba ɗaya: sassauki ko rarraba daji a cikin gutsutsure. Kowace hanya tana da amfani da rashin amfani.
Raba daji
Ta rarraba daji, ana iya kararrawa zuwa shekara ta biyar ta rayuwa, amma idan yawancin daji ya ba da izini, ana gudanar da tsari daga shekara ta uku. Don yin wannan, a cikin watan Mayu ko Agusta, an ƙera mafi yawancin ƙwayoyi, bayan haka an sare tsire-tsire a cikin rassan. Kowane ɓangaren dole ne yana da tushe da koda mai yiwuwa. Zaka iya ninka shuka kawai sassan tushen. Don haka, tushen da aka ƙaddara ya kasu kashi, kowane ɗayan ya ƙunshi akalla sabuntawa koda. 
Bayan haka, an dasa gunkin rhizome a wuri mai dindindin a hanyar da koda yake a cikin ƙasa. Idan aka haifar da su ta hanyar maye gurbin su, to an raba su ne kawai daga kwayar uwa da kuma dasa a cikin ƙasa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Bayan karbar gutsuttsarin shuka, dole ne a sarrafa cututtuka tare da ƙwayar fata, ƙasa zuwa foda. Wannan magudi zai taimaka wajen warkar da kayan da sauri da kuma kare shuka daga cututtuka.
Cuttings
Domin yada furen furanni, ana girbe kayan girbi a farkon lokacin bazara. 
Lokacin mafi kyau ga wannan zai kasance ƙarshen Maris - farkon watan Afrilu. Ana yanke cuttings daga kananan harbe, bayan haka an dasa su a haske, ƙasa mai laushi kuma an rufe shi da wani fim na gaskiya ko gilashin gilashi don haifar da sakamako na greenhouse. A cikin makonni huɗu, cuttings suna da tushe, bayan haka za'a iya dasa su zuwa wuri na dindindin.
Hanyar kulawa
Gwaran daɗaɗɗa a cikin kulawa ba shi da kyau. Duk da haka, don samun tsire-tsire mai kyau wadda za ta yi farin ciki ga mai watsa shiri tare da tsawon flowering, kana buƙatar biya dan kadan ga flower. Hoto yana kula da fari, amma a lokacin zafi, lokacin bazara yana da kyau don tabbatar da cewa tsire-tsire suna karɓar yawan adadin da ake bukata. 
Har ila yau Bukukuwan bukatu suna bukatan gyaran yanayi. Saboda wannan, wajibi ne a gabatar da takin mai magani a cikin bazara, kuma a lokacin da yawan furanni iri-iri masu ma'adinai na fure iri iri. Oxygen yunwa da ƙwayar itace ma ba a so. Wajibi ne a yi amfani da shi a lokaci-lokaci da kuma sarrafa tsarin ƙasa a kusa da daji. Don ƙarfafa flowering zuwa matsakaicin, dole ne a tsabtace kararrawa daga ɓangaren ɓataccen ƙananan tushe, yayin da ƙaura ya kamata a taqaitaccen ta akalla ɗaya bisa uku. Bugu da ƙari, sau ɗaya a kowace kakar, a farkon rabin Oktoba, wajibi ne a gudanar da tsabtace tsabta ta dukkanin sassa na fure. 
Ta haka ne, ana iya ɗaukar kararrawa mai launin furanni da sauƙi don kulawa da yaduwa kamar shuka wadda har ma da wani lambu marar kyau ya iya magance shi. Domin ya girma fure mai haske da kyawawan furanni a cikin gadonsa, ya zama dole a yi amfani da ƙananan matakai masu sauki, da kuma girma da tsire-tsire za ta biya tare da motsin zuciyarmu wanda ba a iya mantawa da shi ba daga yin la'akari da kararrawa.
