Kwayar da ake kira sunana broomrape tana iya sani ga mutane da yawa. Ƙasarmu ita ce jagoran duniya a cikin noma, kuma irin wannan yanayin shine, rashin alheri, ɗaya daga cikin mafi yawan al'amuran. Ba wai kawai manyan masana'antu agrarian ba, har ma masu aikin gona masu zaman kansu da suka yanke shawarar shuka sunflower akan gadajensu, suna fuskantar shi. Wannan labarin zai kasance da amfani da farko da na biyu. A ciki za mu fahimci abin da sunadarin sunflower iri broomrape ne, yadda za a gano shi, da kuma abin da matakai kasance don magance wannan m.
Seedflower iri: saba da tare da m
Contagion sunadarai - tushen tushen na iyalin broomrape. Ganye yana da tushe mai laushi, mai tsalle a tushe, ba tare da rassan ba. Bar shi a cikin nau'i na Sikeli. Tsarin launin launin ruwan launin ruwan kasa wanda bai dace da furanni ba, wanda aka tattara a cikin ƙananan bishiyoyi. 'Ya'yan itace itace akwatin da ya kunshi kananan kwayoyin launuka masu launin kananan yara 2000. Ana iya sauya tsaba ta hanyar iska, ruwa, ƙafafun mutane da kayan aiki.
Yana da muhimmanci! Broomrape tsaba suna da mahimmanci. Zasu iya kula da ikon su na cigaba da shekaru goma, kasancewa a ƙasa kuma suna jiran yanayi mai kyau.
Dangane da abin da ake gani kamar sunflower, sanin saninsa, wanda zai iya gane wannan m cikin filinsa kuma ya dauki matakan don magance shi a lokaci.Mai wakilcin causative
Hanyoyi masu kyau na shuka wannan sako shine ƙananan zafin jiki na ƙasa - 20-25 ° C, ruwa na ƙasa, da wasu acidity, da kuma babban wakili mai mahimmanci domin shi ne sakin sunflower daga tushen tsarin.
Karanta kuma game da manyan kwari na sunflower.
Ƙaddamarwar sakewar
Da samun ra'ayin abin da ke da tsintsiya, ba lallai ba ne a bayyana lokaci mai tsawo da ya sa ya dace ya yi yaƙi da. An shuka shi da tushen sunflower, yana girma tare da mai tushe, kuma yana rayuwa ne a kan kudi, yana shan duk ma'adinan ruwa da kwayoyin halitta, a gaskiya kashe shi. 
Alamar lalacewar lalacewa
Babban alama na lalacewar sunflower ta wannan shuka zai, hakika, kasancewar kasancewa da tsintsin furanni da furanni a gindin mai tushe. Wannan mummunan yanayin yana rage ƙwayar gidan shuka, wanda shine wata alamar kamuwa da cuta. Kuma idan broomrape bai riga ya taso sama ba, amma ya riga ya fara tsarin tsarin sunflower, wannan zai zama bayyananne daga shayarwa da kuma bushewa daga karshen.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tsuntsun 'ya'yan itace sunadarai kuma suna da' ya'ya daga Yuli zuwa Satumba. Dole ne la'akari da haka a yayin da ake fada da kuma hana hana cin nama.
Tsire-tsire a hadarin
Wannan harin yana da hatsari ba kawai ga sunflowers. A haɗari kuma irin wannan tsire-tsire ne kamar taba, tumatir, safflower, hemp da daban-daban weeds. Dukansu, ma, sukan shawo kan albarkatun sunflower broomrape, amma sunflower har yanzu shine mafi kyawun masauki.
Shin kuna sani? Hasken rana "sanarwa" tare da broomrape ya faru a cikin karni na XIX, lokacin da Rasha ta fara girma a matsayin gona. A ƙarshen karni, yawancin kamuwa da cuta da wannan cuta ya kasance mai girma wanda ya zama barazana ga kara yawan shuka sunflower a kasarmu. Daga bisani, masu shayarwa sun koyi nuna matasan sunflower wadanda suke da cutar ga cutar. Mutane sun kira su "Ganye", saboda sun girma 10-15 days daga baya fiye da talakawa iri.
Matakan da za a magance annobar
Mutane da yawa suna sha'awar tambayar yadda za'a magance broomrape. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don magance wannan m, kuma yanzu zamu bincika kowane ɗayansu a cikin daki-daki.
Girbin noma
Wannan hanya ta haɗa da nauyin iri iri daban-daban a filin daya. Wato, a cikin yankin da ya shafa bayan albarkatun shuka mai sunadarai, wanda zai iya cutar da wannan annoba, har shekaru 8-10, kafin ya yiwu ya sake shuka sunflower. A wannan lokaci, tsaba na rashin lafiyar, wanda ya kasance a cikin ƙasa bayan shuka na karshe na sunflowers, ya rasa karfinsu, kuma ƙasar ta zama mai lafiya.
Agrotechnical receptions
Ayyukan gona sun haɗa da wadannan hanyoyin:
- zurfin noma na ƙasa (tare da skaters);
- weeding broomrape har sai mun fara ripen tsaba;
- hana kwayar cutar ta hanyar shiga wuraren da ba a cutar ba;
- ƙasa, saboda irin wannan kwaro yana son ƙasa mai bushe;
- da gangan yana motsawa da shuka yawancin tsaba da yawa daga kasa ta hanyar sunflower shuka a wuraren da aka gurbata. Bayan wannan tsari na 2 daga jerinmu. Wannan yana kawar da duniya daga karin tsaba.
Hanyar rayuwa
Haka kuma akwai hanyoyin nazarin halittu don magance broomrape, kare shuke-shuke daga wannan m. Kyakkyawan hanya ce ta aikace-aikace na fly-fitomizy. Ciwonta ya ci ko akalla lalata tsaba. Wannan hanya ta rage adadi na tsaba a cikin ƙasa.
An kuma samar da wasu samfurori na musamman na ilimin halitta don taimakawa wajen magance wannan matsala - bioherbicides. Duk da haka, wannan hanya ba ta samu cikakkiyar amfani ba kuma baya takaici a cikin shahararrun takwarorinsu na sinadaran - herbicides.
Karanta kuma game da kare sunflower daga cututtuka.
Hanyar sarrafawa
Hanyoyi masu dacewa sun bada shawara, kamar yadda aka riga aka fada a sama, da amfani da kayan herbicides da dama wadanda ke haifar da cutar da mutuwar sunflower iri broomrape. Zaka iya saya wadannan kwayoyi a cikin ɗakunan fasaha da amfani bisa ga umarnin. Misali mai mahimmanci na maganin herbicide mai mahimmanci ita ce na'ura mai mahimmancin ruwa mai narkewa. An tsara shi ta hanyar Clearfield kuma yana dauke da imazapir 15 g / l da imazamox 33 g / l. Wadannan abubuwa sunyi aiki a kan sako ta hanyar ganye da tushe, ta haifar da mutuwarsa. Irin wannan tsarin ya kirkiro wata mahimmanci, mai mahimmanci na herbicide, Euro-Lighting. Ya ƙunshi abubuwa guda ɗaya na jinsin imidazolinone a matsayin "Na'ura Ultra", kuma shekaru da dama an samu nasara wajen yaki broomrape da sauran weeds, tabbatar da girbi mai kyau na sunflower. 
Resistant hybrids
Duk da haka, hanyar da ya fi nasara shine shuka shuka mai sunflower da za a yi wa broomrape.
Mutane da yawa suna kare nauyin sunflower da wasu albarkatun da suke da karfin gaske ga wannan yanayin sun dade da yawa. Wannan wata hanya ce mai ban sha'awa kuma mai dacewa, rashin daidaituwa kawai shine girman farashin iri. Alal misali, matasan sunflower "Pioneer" yana da matukar shahararrun a Turai saboda juriya ga broomrape da yawan amfanin ƙasa a kowane irin yanayin germination. Sunflower hybrids "Syngenta" kuma bambanta da wani babban matakin na yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma invulnerability zuwa parasitic shuke-shuke. Riba "Tunka" ya samo asali ga ma'aikata na aikin gona don tsayayya da tsirrai AE, yanayin sanyi, fari da kowane kayan fasaha. Jason "Jinsin" yana da amfani daban - da ƙarfin kwayoyin halitta na ƙin ƙwayar weeds da kwayoyin cuta. Matasan "Juyawa", banda ta juriya ga broomrape, kuma yana da rigakafi ga irin wannan cututtuka kamar yadda yake ciki, sclerotinia, kwando da kuma kara rot, powdery mildew.
Shin kuna sani? Hanyoyin console ba kawai ba ne kawai ba kuma abokin gaba, shi ma ya faru kuma yana da amfani ga mutane. Alal misali, irin waɗannan cututtuka kamar su cystitis, cututtuka, ciwon hakori, colitis, edema, migraines, rashin barci suna bi da su tare da infusions da decoctions wannan shuka. Kuma a wasu wuraren da ke cikin ƙwallon ƙarancin, matafiya suna jin dadin wannan shuka saboda za ka iya samun ruwa mai tsabta da rabi na ruwan sha mai tsabta a cikin rami mai zurfi.A cikin labarinmu, mun fahimci kanmu da irin wannan shuka kamar sunadarai mai suna sunflower, koyi game da yadda yake kallo, yadda yake da haɗari, da kuma yadda za a rabu da shi. Kwayoyin abinci da sifofi sune wani ɓangare na noma, babban abu shine sanin yadda za a samu su a lokaci da yadda za a warware su.
