Manufar kowace gonar ita ce tattara kayan girbi mai kyau da lafiya kowace shekara. Duk da haka, rashin alheri, wannan ba zai yiwu ba a kowane lokaci don cimma - tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire za su iya shafawa ta hanyar kwari da cututtuka, wanda, a bi da bi, ya cutar da amfanin gona, karɓo gabatarwa da ingancin 'ya'yan itatuwa.
A matsayinka na doka, babban dalilin da ya sa gonar lambun gona suna fuskantar hare-haren da kwayoyin cuta, fungi, kwayoyin cutar da ƙwayoyin cuta suke ciki shine wanda ba shi da mallaka ko kulawa da mai shi na filin dachaɗi tare da bayani game da cututtuka na cututtuka da kuma abubuwan da suka dace don ci gaba. 
Wannan labarin zai tattauna daya daga cikin kayan amfani da kayan dadi - zucchini. Za mu gaya muku abin da za a dauka don ragewa kasadawar kamuwa da cuta tare da cututtuka na zucchini, manyan alamun cututtuka da hanyoyin hanyoyin maganin su.
Shin kuna sani? Zucchini ne mai lafiya da kuma abincin abincin abincin. Calorie zucchini ne kawai 74 kcal da 100 g na raw kayan lambu da 88 kcal - soyayyen. Wannan kayan lambu ya ƙunshi bitamin C, bitamin A, folic acid, alli, baƙin ƙarfe, magnesium, potassium.
Yadda za a magance cututtuka na zucchini
Hanyoyin cututtukan da zasu iya kama zucchini suna da yawa. Kamar sauran itatuwan kabewa (squash, guna, kokwamba, kabewa, kankana), maganin cututtuka, fungal, da cututtuka na kwayan cuta zasu iya shawo kan shi. Da ke ƙasa za ku sami cikakkun bayanai game da mafi haɗari daga gare su da kuma yadda za a magance cututtuka na zucchini.
Anthracnose
Alamomi. Anthracnosis ko vermilion yana shafar dukan gabobin zucchini. Mafi sau da yawa suna samun greenhouse da greenhouse kayan lambu. Kadan ƙari, albarkatun anthracnose da ke girma a fili sun shafi. 
Alamar halayyar wannan cuta ta zucchini ta jiki za ta kasance launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa a kan ganyayyaki da kuma launin launin ruwan kasa da launin ruwan hoda a kan rhizome, mai tushe, da furanni. Bayan wani lokaci, 'ya'yan itatuwa sun yi raguwa da farawa. Kuma a maimakon wuraren spots a ganye, ana kafa ramuka. Tare da shan kashi na rhizomes, baza'a iya ceton shuka ba, don haka yaki da cutar ya fara ne lokacin da aka gano alamun farko.
Dalili masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar:
- watering a cikin zafi;
- matsanancin zafi na iska da ƙasa;
- rashin tsabtatawa mara kyau na sharan gona.
Matakan sarrafawa. Don hana wannan cututtuka, ya kamata a tsabtace filin gonar a cikin lokaci mai kyau da kuma cikakke a cikin kaka. Wani muhimmin bangaren gwagwarmaya zai kasance halakar weeds. Squashes bukatar matsakaici watering da kuma lokaci weeding.
Tun da cutar za a iya daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar tsaba, wajibi ne a yi nazari da kyau kafin a dasa shuki a kasa. Zaka iya sarrafa tsaba na 0.2% bayani na boron, jan karfe da manganese. 
Har ila yau, kada ku manta da ka'idojin juyawa. Ba a dasa kullun a wurin da aka dasa kayan lambu a kakar wasa ta karshe, kamar yadda albarkatu masu alaka suka shawo kan wannan cututtukan, wadanda zasu iya ci gaba a cikin ƙasa har tsawon shekaru. A wani wuri, zucchini yana da kyawawa don shuka sau ɗaya a kowace shekara uku zuwa hudu.
Yana da muhimmanci! Rashin la'akari da ka'idojin juyawa da kuma dasa shuki albarkatun gona a wuri guda na shekaru da dama ya haifar da raguwa daga ƙasa, raguwa da ma'auni na micro da macronutrients da shi, mamayewa na kwayoyin cuta, ci gaba da kwayoyin pathogenic da fungi. Duk waɗannan dalilai suna haifar da karuwar yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Zucchini ganye suna shayar da nazarin halittu kayayyakin don zucchini da sauran kabewa ("Fitosporin", da dai sauransu) a intervals na makonni biyu.
Idan kamuwa da cuta ya faru a cikin gine-gine, to, bayan girbi shi wajibi ne a wanke shi da ruwan buro (200 g / 10 na ruwa). Ga alamun farko na rashin lafiya, tsire-tsire suna fesa tare da cakuda Bordeaux (100 g na lemun tsami / 10 l na ruwa), 35% manna na colloidal sulfur (40-100 g / 10 l na ruwa), 04% bayani na polycarbide. Tare da ƙwayar cuta, an lalatar da squash.
Bacteriosis
Alamomi. Zai yiwu ɗaya daga cikin manyan haɗari ga zucchini da kowane kabewa tsaba shine bacteriosis. Yana da daraja damuwa tare da bayyanar launin ruwan kasa spots a kan ganyen zucchini. Wannan shine daya daga cikin alamun farko na kamuwa da cutar bacteriosis. Daga bisani, a kusa da veins na ganye an kafa ramukan. 
'Ya'yan itãcen marmari an rufe shi da launin ruwan kasa, ƙwayar cuta. Ana amfani da kwayar cutar ta hanyar kwari, tsaba, ruwan sha, sharan gona. A sakamakon kamuwa da cuta daga bacteriosis a cikin 'ya'yan itatuwa na zucchini, sun rage yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Dalili masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar:
- sauyawa canji a cikin zazzabi da rana da rana;
- high ƙasa da iska zafi;
- wadanda basu da tsaba;
- wani lambu ba a girbe shi a lokacin girbi ba.
Yana da muhimmanci! Hanyar hanyar hana cututtukan cututtuka ita ce ta hana abubuwa masu mahimmanci don ci gaban su..
Matakan sarrafawa. Don kauce wa bacteriosis a zucchini, dole ne a aiwatar da rigakafin cutar, wato:
- disinfect tsaba (0.02% zinc sulphate bayani);
- cire shuka sharan gona;
- bi ka'idojin canji;
- don aiwatar da yaduwa tare da ruwa mai ruwa 1% Bordeaux ko 0.4% bayani na jan karfe oxychloride.
Ya kamata a lalata shuke-shuke da 'ya'yan itatuwa da aka lalata. Don kauce wa cigaban cutar, an nuna jiyya tare da ruwa 1% Bordeaux.Yana da muhimmanci! Dole ne a dakatar da ruwa mai laushi Bordeaux a kalla kwana 15 kafin girbi.
White rot (sclerotinia)
Alamomi. Lokacin da kamuwa da kututtukan launin fata, lambun ganyayyaki da 'ya'yan itatuwa, mai tushe da asalin zucchini suna rufe dashi mai duhu. Daga bisani, bakar fata na naman alade ya zama sananne akan shi. Sassan jikin da aka cutar suna yin taushi da m, sun bushe kuma sun mutu. A sakamakon haka, zucchini 'ya'yan itace mugun. 
Dalili masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar:
- low yanayin zafi tare da high zafi na iska da ƙasa;
- lambun ƙarfe;
- rashin biyayya a lokacin dasa shuki shawarwari don juyawa amfanin gona;
- oversupply na nitrogen kari.
Matakan sarrafawa. A mataki na farko, ci gaba da fararen launi na taimakawa wajen dakatar da ƙurar jikin da ke da cututtuka tare da cakuda jan sulfate da alli a cikin wani rabo na 1: 1. Don hana yaduwar kamuwa da cuta da kuma bushe wuraren da aka shafa, za ka iya yin amfani da shi tare da murmushi. 
Idan kamuwa da cuta ya faru a cikin gine-gine, don kauce wa rarrabansa, to lallai ya rage yawan zafi da kuma gudanar da harkar iska ta yau da kullum. Tsarin watering kawai ruwa ne mai dumi.
Shawara foliar ciyar (1 of g tutiya sulfate, 2 g na jan karfe sulphate da 10 g na urea da lita 10 na ruwa). Dole ne a zubar da 'ya'yan itatuwa da ƙwayoyin lafiya.
Grey Rot (Botrytis)
Alamomi. Wannan cututtukan fungal ne halayyar matasa tsire-tsire, yana lalatar da ganye da ovaries. A sakamakon haka, sun zama rigar, juya launin ruwan kasa kuma an rufe su da launin toka. 
Dalili masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar:
- sauyin canji a cikin zazzabi;
- ruwa;
- kasa kasa;
- ruwan ƙasa a wani lokaci daga baya;
- watering tare da ruwan sanyi;
- wuce haddi.
Matakan sarrafawa. Hanyar magance launin toka mai launin toka ta hada da kauda weeds da tsire-tsire na shuka, bin ka'idojin agrotechnique, hadi da phosphate da foliar foliar, dubawa na zucchini kowane kwanaki 10. Bayan ganowar ovaries da cututtukan da ke ciki, dole ne a hallaka su. Don magance ci gaba da cutar, an ba da shawarar yin amfani da jan karfe sulfate (2: 1).
Zaka iya kawar da weeds tare da taimakon herbicides. Idan kun kasance akan hanyar sarrafa matakan, sai kuyi amfani da magunguna ko kayan aiki na musamman don cire weeds.
Tsarin radical
Alamomi. Alamar alama ta tushen rot zai iya zama damuwa a kan asalinsu. Tushen, tushen abin wuya da kuma mai tushe juya launin ruwan kasa, to, rot, da ƙananan ganye juya rawaya. Sick zucchini tsayawa a tsakanin wasu a cikin lambu - 'ya'yan itatuwa sun fi ƙanƙanta, ganye suna karami, na launin launin fata. A ovaries da 'ya'yan itatuwa daga cikin wadannan shuke-shuke fada. A ƙarshe, ya zo mutuwar al'adu. 
Dalili masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar:
- yanayin saukewa;
- ya raunana al'adu;
- watering tare da ruwan sanyi (a kasa 20 ° C);
- gadaje masu gada;
- matsin lamba.
Matakan sarrafawa. Don rigakafin tushen rot bazai yarda da abubuwan da ke sama ba kuma amfani da kayan ado na foliar. Lokacin da aka gano alamun cutar, wajibi ne a zubar da ƙasa zuwa ga tushe don samar da sababbin asalinsu. Spraying tare da jan karfe shirye-shirye daga tushen rot zucchini da ake amfani. An kone tsire-tsire masu ciwo. Yankunan da suka girma suna biye da bidiyo mai dadi.
Mealy dew
Alamomi. Wannan cuta ce mai yawan gaske a yawancin tsire-tsire kuma yana kai ga kabewa, ciki har da zucchini. Yana rinjayar yafi ganye, amma ana iya kiyaye shi a kan mai tushe da kan petioles. A lokacin da kamuwa da cutar powdery mildew, ana sanya fure-fure a jikin ganyen zucchini. Yawan lokaci, ƙwayoyin suna karuwa, suna zama guda ɗaya, leaf ya ɓace.
Dalili masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar:
- matsanancin danshi;
- wuce haddi nitrogen hadi;
- ba a tsabtace ƙasa a cikin kaka ba.
Matakan sarrafawa. Yin aiki da squash daga wannan cututtuka an yi shi tare da colloid launin toka (a gonar: 20 g / 10 na ruwa; a cikin greenhouse: 40 g / 10 l na ruwa); ƙasa mai launin toka (300 g / 100 sq m); sodium phosphate disubstituted (50 g / 10 l na ruwa); isophene.Tare da ƙananan yaduwa na powdery mildew, sun kuma cauterize leaflets tare da sulfur sulfur da kuma aiwatar da jigilar jigilar (1 kg / 3 l na ruwa, nace na kwana uku, iri, dilute 1 l / 3 l na ruwa). Har ila yau, sun yi amfani da furotin na zucchini: "Topsin", "Bayleton".
Downy mildew (perinospora)
Alamomi. Downy mildew yadawa a kan ganye - ƙananan, mai laushi mai launin fata tare da fararen launin ruwan zuma ya fara bayyana. A ƙananan ɓangaren leaf sheet yana nuna launin toka mai launin toka, inda masu naman gwari suna rayuwa. Yayinda cutar ta yadu ganye ya juya launin ruwan kasa, yankunan da suka shafi abin ya shafa sun fadi. Tare da karfi shan kashi ganyayyaki a al'ada ya mutu. A sakamakon haka, cin zarafi na photosynthesis na shuka yana faruwa. 
Dalili masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar.
- Raho mai zurfi;
- nauyin nauyi;
- high zafi a greenhouses da greenhouses;
- nakasasshen sharan gona a bayan girbi.
Matakan sarrafawa. Don hana peronosporosis a gonar, wajibi ne a kwantar da tsaba kafin dasa shuki, bi ka'idodin aikin injiniya na aikin gona, takin zucchini tare da ma'adinai da kayan ado. Amfani da bayanin rubutun na nitroammofoski tare da tutiya, boron, molybdenum.
A mataki na farko na ciwon, za ku iya zuwa wurin magani tare da potassium a cikin jiki (2 g / 10 l na ruwa). An kuma bada shawarar maganin lafiyar kwayoyin halittu da kuma fungicides tare da potassium fertilizer fertilizing. Jiyya tare da chlorine dioxide, Bordeaux taya da Topaz da Oxy kayayyakin sun tabbatar da kansu da kyau. 
Domin maganin zucchini mai kamu da gaske, ana yin amfani da fure-fuka tare da masu fashewa kamar yadda aka yi amfani da wannan makirci: amfani da kwayar cuta na jiki - tsawon kwanaki 10 - tuntuɓar fungicide - tsawon lokaci 5 - tsarin furotin na jiki - tsawon lokaci 10 - lamba fungicide, da dai sauransu.
Black mold kabewa
Alamomi. Rawaya ko angular spots na launin ruwan kasa tare da rawaya tint a kan ganyen zucchini ne halayyar shaida na shuka kamuwa da cuta tare da fungal cuta na black mold kabewa. Yawan lokaci, an kafa takarda mai launin toka a jikin ganye wanda ya kamu da cutar, wanda ya ƙunshi kwarya na naman gwari na pathogenic.
Dalili masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar:
- wuce kima thickening daga cikin gadaje;
- rashin nasarar amfanin gona;
- albarkatun shuka sun bar a gonar kafin hunturu.
Fusarium za
Alamomi. Fusarium wilt ne mafi cututtukan cututtuka da ke cutar da kwayar cutar, wadda take kaiwa ga mutuwarsa har zuwa tushen.
Na farko bayyanar cututtuka su ne azumi da sauri na foliage da kuma mai tushe.
Dalili masu kyau don ci gaba da cutar:
- ƙasa overgrown da weeds;
- tsabtace shuka sharan gona;
- ba daidai ba agrotechnology da amfanin gona rotation.
Matakan sarrafawa. Yin yaki da fusarium withering ya hada da kawar da abubuwan da ke taimakawa wajen bunkasa wannan cuta. Yayin da ke shiga cikin gine-gine zai buƙaci maye gurbin ƙasa. Bugu da ƙari, duk tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da cutar suna ƙarƙashin halakar tare da clod na ƙasa.Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan cututtuka, zucchini ma mai saukin kamuwa da cutar cututtuka - mosaic, da launin ruwan kasa, ascochytosis, da dai sauransu.
Shin kuna sani? Tun da zucchini yana da ƙananan calories da kuma rashin sitaci a cikin abun da ke ciki, an shawarce su don gabatarwa a cikin abinci na mutanen da suke buƙatar abinci na abinci. Bugu da ƙari, yin amfani da su na yau da kullum zai iya rage matakan cholesterol, karfin jini, yana da tasiri mai kyau a kan tsarin kwakwalwa, kuma yana taimakawa wajen hangen nesa.
Yadda za a magance kwaro zucchini
An kai hare-hare a matsayin kwari na tsire-tsire, da kuma wadanda ke fama da wasu albarkatu.
Gourd Aphid
Alamomi. Idan ba zato ba tsammani ganye a kan zucchini sun fara juya launin rawaya, ƙwaya da bushe, gwada gwadawa ƙarƙashin kasa na launi. Idan kana neman wasu gungu na kananan (1.25-2 mm) kwari na launin kore, ka sani, gonarka ta kai hari kan bishiyar aphid. Baya ga ganye, aphids sa cutar da harbe da ovaries - shi tsotsa ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga gare su. Bayan da cutar ta kamu da cutar, wadannan sassa na zucchini sun bushe, injin yana daina girma kuma ya mutu. 
Matakan sarrafawa. Yayinda aphid ya fara girma a cikin weeds, dole ne a yadad da gadaje a kowace rana. Ba shi yiwuwa a yi watsi da ganyayyun ganye ko ovaries - dole ne a cire su da sauri. A lokacin da gano magunin aphid ya kamata a shayar da kwayoyi "Intravir", "Sanya", "Decis".
Zaka iya amfani da mafita na karbofos, shafe ganye tare da bayani na sabulu (100 g / 10 l na ruwa). Ana amfani da hanyoyi masu amfani: magani na infusions na taba (1:10 ruwa, nace rana, tsarma 1: 3) da kuma yarrow (1 kg na dried ganye / 10 ruwan zafi, nace kwanaki biyu). 
Shuka kusa da kayan lambu na kayan lambu, wanda ya kife aphids, kamar tafarnuwa, mustard, basil, marigolds, rubutun kalmomi, da dai sauransu, ma yana taimakawa.
Farin tashi
Alamomi. Whitefly shi ne ƙananan ƙwayar tsuntsu mai tashi da ke ciyarwa a kan tsire-tsire. Kasashen da ya fi so shine greenhouses da lambun kayan lambu. Tare da shan kashi na wannan kwaro a saman ɓangare na ganye an kafa honeydew ko kushin, kuma a ƙarƙashin ƙananan sashi na whitefly da kansu suna so su zauna kuma su larvae ne. Wannan kwari yana da haɗari na farko saboda a wurare da ya buga, wani naman gwari ko wasu pathogens zasu iya farawa. 
Matakan sarrafawa. Don halakar wannan annoba, wasu kwari suna infested a greenhouses - alal misali, enkarzia ko Macrolofus kwaro. Abubuwan da ke cikin magunguna na whitefly a cikin yankuna masu budewa sune tsohuwar mata.
Daga cikin hanyoyin kawar da gwagwarmaya za mu iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da tarko na manne domin kamawa da kwari da kuma shayarwa tare da cututtuka na ganye. Sun kuma nemi amfani da kwari: "Aktellika", "Konfidora", "Fufanona", "Pegasus", da dai sauransu.
Gizo-gizo mite
Alamomi. Tick kuma yana so ya tsaya zuwa kasan zanen gado. Wadannan su ne m (0.3-0.4 mm) kwari na launin ruwan kasa, launin ruwan kasa, launin kore. A wurare na shan kashi da wannan kututturen ƙwayar raƙuman rawaya sun kafa. Daga baya, gaba daya ba tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace ya bushe ba. 
Dukan tsire-tsire a cikin hare-haren ticks an rufe shi da cobwebs. Ya fara barin baya a ci gaba, ya ɓace a yawan aiki kuma yana rage matakin jure yanayin zafi. Musamman karfi pest shimfidawa a cikin zafi da bushe pores.
Matakan sarrafawa. Ta hanyar bin ka'idodin fasaha na aikin gona, zaka iya rage haɗarin tikitin kafa a cikin lambun ka. Lokacin da suka bayyana, wani magani tare da decoction na tafarnuwa ganye, infusions na albasa kwasfa, da kuma dankalin turawa, fi bada shawarar.
Ana iya yin maganin kima ga prophylaxis a lokacin hutu (Acartan, Karbofos, Metaphos, Phosphamide, da dai sauransu) da kuma magani.
Sprout tashi
Признаки. Ростковая муха относится к вредителям, который повреждает всходы кабачков и многих других растений. Это небольшое (3-5 мм) насекомое серого цвета. Don dakatar da larvae, ya bayyana a cikin bazara. Bayan kwanciya qwai, larvae sun bayyana a cikin kwanaki 2-10, kuma bayan makonni biyu zasu je makaranta. Hibernate a cikin ƙasa. Mai tsanani cutar sprouting tsaba da kuma seedlings. 
Matakan sarrafawa. Hanyar sarrafawa sun hada da halakar weeds da girbi-girbi, zurfin ƙasa.
Slugs
Alamomi. Slugs ci cicin zucchini, mai tushe, furanni da kuma cutarwa 'ya'yan itatuwa. Ta hanyar ayyukansu, suna haifar da ƙananan kayan da kuma lalacewar gabatar da kayan lambu. Bugu da kari, slugs suna taimakawa wajen kamuwa da cututtuka da cututtuka.
Matakan sarrafawa. Shuka tafarnuwa, mustard, barkono mai laushi, Lavender, Sage a cikin unguwa - ya kamata su tsorata da slugs.
Aiwatar da tarin na'ura na parasites, yi amfani da tarkuna na musamman don slugs. Nazarin halittu na yiwuwa ban ruwa Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodit. 
Yin amfani da maganin cututtuka a kan slugs yana da matukar matsayi. Don yin wannan, yi amfani da shiri na 5% na metaldehyde, jan karfe sulphate, superphosphate ƙasa.
Da fatan, bayan karanta wannan abu, baza ku da tambayoyi kamar, dalilin da ya sa ganye suka fita a zucchini ko abin da fararen farin akan 'ya'yan itace. Kamun da bayani game da alamun cututtuka na cututtuka, hanyoyi na rigakafi da iko da su, za ku iya adana girbi na zucchini a lokaci kuma hana kwayar cutar ta yada ga wasu albarkatun da ke girma akan shafinku.
