Kwayoyin lafiya a gonar ko a cikin greenhouse - mafarkin dukan mazaunan rani. Duk da haka, sabili da ƙananan missteps a cikin kula da wasu dalilai masu ban sha'awa, da bushes iya kai hari daban-daban kwari karin kwari. Idan ka ga cewa kananan karamar kwatsam ba ta bayyana ba a fili a kan gonar inabi, wannan alamacciyar alama ce ta kamuwa da cutar. Gano abin da ke damun waɗannan midges a kan cucumbers kai zuwa ga lambun ka da kuma yadda za a magance su.
Midges a kan cucumbers: muna nazarin kwari
Yawanci, "Midges on cucumbers" na nufin daban-daban na kananan kwari kwarishuka kusa da tsire-tsire. Bugu da kari, lokacin shekara ba shi da mahimmanci ga rashin lafiya. Sau da yawa kwari sun zo a fadin sayan sayan.
Midges za su iya zama winged ko arachnids. Wani mallaka na ciwon sukari yana ci gaba da girma. Mafi sau da yawa a kan lianas kokwamba yana da matsakaici na tsakiya, da tsaka-tsaki da kuma gizo-gizo mite.
Black midge (da sauran sunan shi ne gourd aphid) ya bayyana a lokacin da watering kasar gona da yawa, musamman a cikin sanyi weather. Don magance shi yana da wuya, zai buƙaci ciwon kwari.
Amma ga farin tsakiyar (ko whitefly), larvae suna da hatsarin gaske ga tsire-tsire. Suna iya shiga cikin ƙasa kuma suna lalata tushen tsarin kokwamba.
Bugu da ƙari ga kwari, za ku iya lura da wasu ba ƙarami marar kyau ba wadanda suke kama da midges. A misali mai kyau shi ne gizo-gizo mites. Abu ne mai sauƙi ga waɗannan nau'o'in alamu: kula da launi da kuma mai tushe. Su ne juya launin rawaya, bushe, wani lokacin juya baki. A wannan yanayin, babban abu shine fara fara magani, in ba haka ba akwai hadarin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Shin kuna sani? Kwancen da muke ci shine ainihin kayan lambu. Tsohon Helenawa sun haifa wannan sunan kayan lambu "Aguros", wanda ke fassara "unripe", "kore" - saboda haka sunan sa na yau. Cikakken cikakke bai dace da amfani da mutum ba, ana amfani dashi ne kawai don iri.
Bayani, lahani, hanyoyi na gwagwarmaya
Bari mu zauna a kan babban nau'i na blackflies a kan cucumbers kuma tattauna abin da za ku yi a yakin da su. Idan ana gano alamun kamuwa da cuta tare da tsakiya, dole ne a dauki matakan tsaro a nan da nan. Wani lokaci zaka iya samuwa ta hanyar girke-girke na al'ada, kuma a wasu lokuta zaka yi amfani da sunadarai.
Black midges (guna aphid)
Bayani. Black aphids - m ga lambu don kai farmaki, amma don jimre wa shi ne quite realistic. A cikin ƙasa ta bude, cutar ta kai hare-hare kusa da tsakiyar lokacin rani, da kuma cikin greenhouses - a cikin bazara.
Tsarin inci - daga 1.2 zuwa 1.9 mm. Aphids na iya samun launin rawaya-kore, kore, duhu kore da kusan baki launuka. Farawa hunturu a cikin mataki na larvae da wingless mata, ɓoye a karkashin basal ganyen weeds. A cikin bazara, tare da karuwa a cikin iska mai zafi sama da 5 ° C, aphid ya bar hibernation kuma ya fara ninka, ya kafa mazaunan parasites a gefen ƙananan ganye.
Idan yawancin mutane, lokacin da kwari ya riga ya rasa abincin, an haifi aphid cikin siffofin fuka-fuki. Ƙarin kwari suna tashiwa zuwa tsire-tsire na kankana. Da manufa wuri don ciyar da haifuwa daga cikin wadannan parasites ne ganyen kokwamba bushes. Sauran ƙwayoyin cuta sun yi gudun hijira daga weeds zuwa cucumbers da sauri samar da sabon sabbin magunguna.
Harm Alamar alama ta nuna cewa baƙar fata ta riga ta kasance a kan cucumbers yana sagging da maras ban sha'awa foliage. Lokacin da juya takardar, zaka iya ganin tarawar kwari. Har ila yau, ana samun 'yan raƙuman dangi a furanni, ovaries da matasa. Idan ba ku yi aiki a lokaci ba, yawancin girbinku zai iya rasa. Babban mummunar barazana daga ghidd aphid shine cewa shi Yana fitowa game da kwayoyin kwayoyi daban-daban..
An kuma bayyana cewa Aphid na zaune a cikin alamomin aiki tare da tururuwa. Ants ciyar a kan paddy (zaki da secretions) aphids, game da shi kare su gidaje. Kwayoyin kwari na kwari don hunturu a cikin tururuwa, kuma a cikin bazara sun yada shi a kan tsire-tsire. Saboda haka, daukar matakai akan kwari na kwari a kan cucumbers, a lokaci guda ya wajaba don yaki da tururuwan dake zaune kusa da gadaje masu fure.
Shin kuna sani? Bugu da kari a cikin aphids yakan faru ta hanyar haihuwa, wato, an haifi kwari a ciki. Yakin kwai a cikin mahaifiyar fara farawa kafin a haifi haihuwar kanta, kuma bayan kwana 10-15 an sake haifar da sabuwar aphid.Don haka, bari mu tattauna abin da za mu yi lokacin da aka samo gnaw a kan cucumbers da kuma yadda za'a magance su yadda ya kamata.
Hanyar gwagwarmaya:
- Sau ɗaya a mako, foliar saman miya tare da potash-phosphate takin mai magani. Za a iya shirya maganin da kansa: 20 g na superphosphate da 10 g na potassium chloride dilute a lita 10 na ruwa. Kula da hanyoyin maganin har sai an kawar da kwari.
- A kananan wurare don spraying, amfani da mutane daban-daban maganin magunguna. A saboda wannan dalili, dacewar infusions na itace ash, taba, dankalin turawa, ganye, m barkono, tushen da mai tushe na Dandelions, ganye da kuma mai tushe na celandine, kore sassa da albasa kwasfa, stepsons na tumatir, doki zobo ganye. Yin gwagwarmayar aphids zai kasance mafi inganci idan kun ƙara sabulu a cikin ruwan sanyi ga bitar spraying. Maimaita jiyya sau ɗaya a mako har sai parasites bace.
- A cikin manyan yankuna, dole ne a yi gwagwarmaya da magungunan sinadaran. Shirye-shirye na nazarin halittu Aktofit, Fitoverm, Bitoksibatsillin, da kwari Kinmiks, Inta-vir, Arrivo, Detsis da sauransu suna da tasiri akan guna-gwanin bishiya aphid.
Yana da muhimmanci! Don aiki na tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, da farko dai la'akari da yiwuwar amfani da kwayoyin halitta. Wannan shine mafi aminci ga mutane. Tuni da kwanaki 2 bayan da aka kwashe su tare da samfurori na halittu, ana iya cin 'ya'yan itacen lafiya. Yin amfani da kwari, yana da muhimmanci a tuna game da cutar. Sabili da haka, ya kamata a yi amfani da su a ƙasa da kwanaki 20 kafin girbi na cucumbers. Bugu da ƙari, tsawon lokaci a cikin ɗakin inda aka aiwatar da sinadarin sunadarai, yana da hatsari. Kada ka yi aiki ba tare da kayan tsaro ba: tufafi, safofin hannu, motsi, tabarau.
White midges (whitefly)
Bayani. The whitefly (Aleirodid) wani abu ne mai hatsari na cucumbers. Tsawon whitefly ya bambanta cikin kewayon 1.3-3 mm. Wadannan kananan abokan gaba na shuke-shuke kama kama dada moths ko kananan moliform lepidoptera. Insegs da fuka-fuki hudu. Fuka-fuki an rufe shi da fararen, gari-kamar, ruwan ƙura. Rashin ƙuƙwalwa ne mawuyacin hali, amma yayin da suke ci gaba sun zama balaga.
Harm Wasu nau'o'in whitefly suna da haɗari masu rarrafe na kayan lambu. A m a kan cucumbers mafi yawan al'ada a cikin yanayin yanayin greenhouse. Fuskarin na boyewa a kan ƙananan ganyayyaki kuma yana ciyarwa a kan tsire-tsire. A lokaci guda a gefen takardar ya bayyana kwari na kwari (takalma), kama da fure mai haske.
Daga baya, ƙwayar mycelium ta tasowa, kuma murfin ya zama baƙar fata. Wadannan juyayi ne masu girma ga tsire-tsire. Sau da yawa akwai ci gaba mai tsayi.
Bari mu ga yadda za a gane ma'anar farin cikin seedlings da kuma yadda za'a rabu da su. Qwai da larvae na kwari za a iya samun sauƙin ganowa a kan foliage - suna kama da kananan grains.
Hanyar gwagwarmayar. A cikin yaki da whitefly, wadannan kwari suna da tasiri: Actellic, Verticillin, Confidor, Mospilan, Pegasus, Fufanon, Phosbecid. Yi amfani da kwayoyi kamar yadda aka umarce su cikin umarnin.
Yi amfani da bazuwar manne don kama mutane masu girma. Don yin wannan, zane-zane na plywood a cikin rawaya ko farar fata, to, toshe tare da man fetur, man fetur ko rosin tare da zuma. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da tarkon fataura.
A yau, matakan nazarin halittu don magance whitefly suna ƙara amfani da su. Abokan da ke cikin farar fata sune zane-zane, mai ba da lakabi da tsoma baki Macrolofus. Wadannan kwari suna iya kawo karshen cutar ta hanzari. Har ila yau an yi amfani da shi shi ne ajiye a cikin gine-gine na kudancin kwalliya. Matar enkartia tana saka qwai a cikin jikin fararen fata. Amfanin wannan hanyar yana da matukar haɓaka.
Ana amfani da infusions na ganye a matsayin magunguna. Tafarnuwa jiko ne inganci tasiri a kan whitefly: yankakken tafarnuwa (150 g) zuba 1 lita na ruwa. Ƙara ruwa don kwana 5 a karkashin murfin rufe murfi. Sanya bushes ba fiye da sau 5 a kowace kakar ba.
Kuma gwada wanke bishiyoyi da ruwa mai tsabta - whiteflies wanke da kyau tare da ruwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Ka tuna cewa da sauri za ka sami alamun infestation na shuke-shuke kokwamba ta hanyar parasites, da baya da sauƙi zai kasance don kawar da su. Magunguna suna amfani ne kawai idan babu kwari masu yawa.
Gizo-gizo mite
Bayani. Gurasar gizo-gizo suna da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na iyali, wanda shine daya daga cikin magungunan kyawawan tsire-tsire. Ticks ne orange, jan ko rawaya. Tsayin jiki bai wuce 1 mm ba. Sauraren yawanci sukan zauna a kan daskanin ganye kuma suna ninka hanzari. Hanya na haifuwa ya dogara da yawan zafin jiki na iska: mafi girma shi ne, mafi yawan ƙararrakin ke ci gaba. A cikin matsanancin zafi ko sanyi, mata ba sa ciyarwa da kuma ƙaura zuwa sasannin sasantawa.
Harm Guraben gizo-gizo suna cin abinci akan kwayoyin shuka, suna haddasa lalacewar su. Suna iya halaka shuke-shuke a cikin makonni 1-2 kawai. Bugu da ƙari, suna haɗuwa da ƙudan zuma tare da kwayoyin daban daban.
Kwaro za a iya gano su ta wurin spots yellowish a kan foliage. Bayan haka, daga raunuka masu yawa, ganye suna juya fari. Wani lokaci za ka iya ganin shafin yanar gizo wanda ke rufe sassa na bushes. A saman ya tara yawancin yankuna. Idan ba ku yi aiki ba, ganye zasu bushe su fada.
Yana da muhimmanci! A cikin matsanancin zafi, wajibi ne a yaduwa bishiyoyi a kowace kwanaki 7-8, in ba haka ba mace wadda ta tsufa a wannan lokacin tana da lokacin yin sabbin qwai.
Hanyar gwagwarmayar. Don halakar takardun kokwamba, Akarin, Apollo, Fitoverm, sunadaran Phosbecid sun dace. Yin amfani da kwaro, wadannan sunadaran sun kashe shi. Komawa bushes yana buƙatar sau da yawa don kammala lalata mazauna.
Amma, kafin zuwan maganin maganin sinadarai, yi ƙoƙarin rinjayar cutar ta hanyar nazarin halittu ko al'ada.
A farkon matakai na kamuwa da cuta, wadannan hanyoyi suna da kyakkyawar sakamako. Abokan kishiyar gizo-gizo na gizo-gizo sune tsohuwar mata.
Bugu da ƙari, akwai al'adu waɗanda suke tsoratar da kullun gizo-gizo (tumatir tumatir, marigolds, dankalin turawa). Wadannan tsire-tsire suna dauke da takaddamomi. Daga gare su yin tinctures, wanda aka fesa cucumbers. Gwada kada ku wuce sashi, saboda wannan zai iya lalata bushes.
Ya kamata ku zama sane cewa farkon dasa cucumbers ne kasa a hadarin ga gizo-gizo mite kamuwa da cuta.
Tsariyar ƙwayar cuta
Akwai tabbatar da hanyoyin rigakafida rage yawan hadarin blackflies akan cucumbers:
- Samar da tsire-tsire a cikin ruwan sanyi mai zafi-zazzabi tsarin mulki da kyau samun iska (musamman a greenhouses da greenhouses). Halin da ake amfani da su cikin gida cikin dare shine -18-22 ° C. Kada a bada izinin sauyawar canji a zazzabi da zafi. Idan yanayi bai bushe ba, toshe da tsire-tsire a cikin ƙasa ta bude tare da ruwa.
- Binciken kwanan itatuwa. Yi amfani kawai da nau'in inganci mai kyau.
- Kafin cirewa, gudanar da wani matakan da za a yi watsi da greenhouse. Don wannan dalili, amfani da kwari (misali, Metaphos, Karbofos, Decis).
- Kada ku sanya seedlings ma kusa da juna.
- Kada ka sanya kokwamba kusa da zucchini, kabewa, squash, karas, eggplant, Dill.
- Ruwa da tsire-tsire a lokaci, amma kada ku bari ambaliyar ƙasa ta kasance.
- Kada ka manta ka ciyar da ƙasa tare da takin mai magani.
- Cire weeds a kai a kai.
