Shuka amfanin gona

Asirin ci gaba da cin ganyayyaki na Tatar honeysuckle

Tatar zuma su ne daya daga cikin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a cikin al'adun lambu na fannoni daban-daban na kasashe daban-daban da kuma nahiyoyi. Ana iya samuwa a Amurka da Tsakiya ta tsakiya, a kasashen Sin, Turai da ƙasashen Soviet. An fahimci shahararren shuka sosai - yana da damuwa, yana jure wa abubuwa masu ban mamaki, ciki har da waɗanda suke tare da su a cikin megalopolises, yana girma da sauri kuma sun dace da sabon yanayi, suna da kyawawan shinge wanda ke kare kariya daga dusar ƙanƙara da iska. Muna ba da kyan gani a kan Tatar honeysuckle, tare da bayanin da fasaha na noma mai kyau.

Zabi wani wuri mai saukowa

Tatar honeysuckle (lat. Lonícera tatárica) wani sharadi ne ornament da shuki mai tsayi sosai. Ya kai tsawo na mita 1-3. Yana da halin girma - har zuwa 35 cm kowace shekara.

Its ganye suna da tsayi, 3-6 cm tsawo, duhu kore a launi, wani lokacin tare da blue, bluish tinge. Fure mai banƙyama, matsakaici, girman launin rawaya ko furen furanni. Lokacin flowering shine a cikin Mayu-Yuni. Shuka shi ne shuka zuma. Ƙananan 'ya'yan itatuwa masu launin ya bayyana a cikin Yuli-Agusta A cikin jimlar, akwai nau'in nau'in 250 na shuke-shuke honeysuckle. Idan manufar dasa Tatar honeysuckle ba kawai da na ado halaye, har ma da 'ya'yan itatuwa, kuma kana da sha'awar tambayar ko yana da edible ko ba, to, berries irin wannan ne inedible.

Saboda haka, mutane sun kira su kullun berries. Don shirye-shiryen jam, jam, sha da kayan yin kayan zaki suna amfani da nau'o'in (Altai, Kamchatka) da kuma nau'o'in honeysuckle mai iyawa (Vitamin, Blue Bird, Dessert, Blue Spindle, da dai sauransu), 'ya'yan itatuwa sun ƙunshi bitamin C , carotene, sugars da wasu abubuwa masu amfani.

Suna dandana m da kuma m-mai dadi. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari masu yawa suna da yawa blue ko baki a launi. An zana inedible a cikin inuwa mai haske na jan da orange.

Shin kuna sani? Sunan Latin ne sunan Lonicera wanda aka samu a madadin magunguna na Jamus da masanin kimiyya Adam Lonitser. Shahararrun masanin halittar kirkirar rayayyun halittu, Carl Linnaeh, ya ba da shawara don kiran shuddin zuma - Caprifolium. A nan gaba, an sanya honeysuckle zuwa wani nau'i daban na honeysuckle.

Turar zuma ta Tatar tana da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire - yana iya girma a kowace ƙasa kuma a ƙarƙashin kowane yanayi: a cikin yanayin da aka yi, da inuwa, fari da sanyi zuwa -34 ° C. Duk da haka, don cimma burin mafi girma na shrub, ya kamata ku bi wasu shawarwari game da dasa shuki da fasaha na noma.

Haskewa

Mafi kyau kuma mafi yawan furannin furanni za a iya jin dadin ku idan kun dasa shuki a cikin wani wuri mai haske ko cikin inuwa. Ƙananan haske zai fada a kan shuka, mafi muni kuma karami zai yi furanni.

Ƙasa

Honeysuckle ya fi so ya yi girma a cikin ƙasa mai ban sha'awa mai kyau, wanda dole ne a yi tsabta kafinsa. Zai iya jure wa ƙasa mai salin, amma ba ya girma a kan nauyi, kuma mai yalwa da ƙasa mara kyau. Har ila yau, ba za a dasa shi a cikin ƙananan ruwa ba, inda akwai damun ruwa mai yawa, da kuma yankunan da ƙasa ta bushe da sauri. Ruwan ƙasa a filin saukarwa bai zama kusa da 1 m ba.

Sakamakon matakin pH na ƙasa shine 7.5-8.5.

Zaɓi na seedlings lokacin da sayen

Don samun kyakkyawan Tatar zuma da zuma mai kyau, don aiwatar da ci gaban da ya dace da dasawa da kulawa, abu na farko da ake buƙatar ka zaba cin nasara.

Don yin wannan, yi amfani da waɗannan matakai.:

  1. Ku tafi sayayya a kantin kayan sana'a.inda mai ba da shawara zai iya ba ku duk bayanan da suka dace game da shuka da kake sayarwa.
  2. Saya don dasa shuki na shekaru biyutare da rassan 3-4, waxanda sun riga sun isa tsawon 30-40 cm kuma kauri 5 mm a tushe.
  3. A cikin shagon, a hankali duba duk sassan shuka.: daga sama zuwa tushen. Ba za a bushe su ba ko lalacewa. Rassan ya kamata tanƙwara da kyau. Dole ne su kasance tare da kodan.
    Yana da muhimmanci! Kwancen haushi shine al'ada ga honeysuckle. Saboda saboda wannan bambancin da mutane ke kira shi "marar kunya".
  4. Dole ne a bunkasa tushen tsarin. Idan akwai lalata ko lalacewa, zabi wani seedling.
  5. Idan ka shirya dasa shuki, ka kamata ka sayi iri-iri na 2-4 don tabbatar da gurbinsu, tun da yake honeysuckle yana nufin tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire.

Dasa dokoki seedlings

Idan ka sayi sapling tare da tsarin tushen tushen, to, ana iya dasa shi a watan Satumba. A wannan lokaci shuka ya fada cikin hutawa kuma zai iya jure yanayin hunturu.

Za'a iya dasa saplings tare da tsarin tushen rufewa a lokacin kakar girma. Hanyar canja wuri ya dace da wannan.

Wells yana bukatar shirya kwanaki 3-5 kafin saukowa. Ya kamata a haƙa 40 cm tsawo, 40 cm fadi da 40 cm zurfi. A mafi kyau duka nisa tsakanin shuke-shuke ne 1.5-2 m ga iri da low girma da kuma 2.5-3 m ga high iri. A ƙasa na rami mai saukowa don saka sita 5-ma'auni na malalewa. A gare shi ya yi amfani da tubalin fashe, yashi, yumbu mai yalwa da wasu kayan.

A cikin rami yin cakuda ƙasa na wannan abun da ke ciki:

  • sod sodiya (3 sassa);
  • peat ko humus (1 part);
  • kogin yashi (1 part).
Ana kuma kara magunguna a ƙasa.:

  • takin (2 buckets);
  • superphosphate (50 g);
  • ash (1 kg).
Idan kasar gona ta zama acidic, to sai a rage yawan acidity ta hanyar ƙara lemun tsami (200 g / 1 sq. M). Saukowa rami da ruwa mai yawa.

A tsakiyar rami ya sanya karamin karamar ƙasa, wanda ya sanya sapling. Idan tushen tsarin ya bude, dole ne a rarraba tushen su a kan rami.

Honeysuckle yana da jituwa da irin waɗannan al'adu kamar: plum, ceri, ceri, apricot, peach, almond.
Ramin ya rufe ƙasa. Dogayen wuyansa a lokaci guda dole ne ya kasance a farfajiya. Ƙasa a cikin zagaye na kusa kusa da shi an shayar da shi sosai. Idan bayan wannan akwai karfi mai shrinkage na kasar gona, an kara da shi a cikin.

Nan da nan bayan watering, ƙasa a cikin da'irar motar an karɓa. Don yin wannan, amfani da sawdust, peat, bambaro ko wasu kayan.

Shin kuna sani? Bishiyoyi, furanni da kuma ganyen abinci na zuma suna da amfani sosai, ana amfani dashi a cikin abinci, maganin gargajiya, kimiyya da kuma turare. Asusun da aka dogara akan su taimakawa tare da hawan jini, matsalolin zuciya, koda da hanta, matsalolin gastrointestinal, malaria, anemia, psoriasis, zub da jini. Yawan gwargwadon bitamin C na zuma ba shi da baya ga lemun tsami da currants. A Ayurveda, an kwatanta shuka a matsayin aphrodisiac.

Care Tips

Kula da shrubs zai zama kadan: watering, ciyar, pruning, idan ya cancanta, magani na cututtuka da kuma parasites. Da kariyar kulawa, yadda kayan ado zai kasance. Ko da yake, sake, honeysuckle zai iya girma kuma tare da alamun rare da hankali ga shi, zai zama kawai da kyau da kyau.

Watering, loosening, mulching

Sai kawai dasa shukar seedling a cikin shekarar farko na rayuwarsa ya kamata a shayar a kai a kai. A nan gaba, za ku bukaci 2-3 watering da kakar. A lokacin zafi, dole ne ka yi amfani da guga na ruwa ga kowane daji. Bayan watering, yana da shawara don sassauta ƙasa a cikin da'irar a zurfin 20 cm Kowane kaka, dole ne a cike daji. Tsarin mulching zai kare tushen tsarin daga sanyi kuma riƙe dashi a cikin ƙasa a cikin bazara.

Top dressing

Takin zuma honeysuckle da shawarar sau uku a lokacin girma kakar:

  • a farkon lokacin bazara, kafin kodan ya fara, tare da shirye-shiryen da ke dauke da nitrogen (20-30 g ta 1 sq. m);
  • kafin flowering tare da shirye-shirye masu hadaddun (alal misali, Kemira-Universal, 20 g da 10 l na ruwa);
  • bayan sunyi 'ya'yan itace a cikin fall - itace toka (200 g da 1 sq. m na digging).

Pruning

Pruning shrubs iya zama a cikin fall, bayan ganye fall, da kuma a cikin bazara, kafin buds Bloom. A matsayinka na mai mulki, suna bin jagororin daidaitacce lokacin da pruning - bar 1/3 na harbe.

Tsohon bushes ya kamata a rejuvenated ta yankan daga mutuwa da kuma rauni harbe. Wannan tsari ne da za'ayi sau ɗaya a cikin shekaru 2-3.

Sanitary pruning na yau da kullum ana aikata a kan tsire-tsire fiye da shekaru 6. An cire tsofaffi, bushe, marasa lafiya, rassan lalacewa, da wadanda suke kusa da ƙasa. Shrubs yi haƙuri don datsa gashin gashi, suna riƙe da siffar na dogon lokaci.

Kwaro da cuta

Rashin shan cututtuka da cututtuka mai cutarwa shine mafi yawancin jinsunan honeysuckle, kuma Tatar musamman.

Saboda haka, wajibi ne don gabatar da matakan tsaro kuma ku san hanyoyin da za ku iya shawo kan kamuwa da cuta, idan ya faru.

Mafi yawancin tsire-tsire sune:

  • honeysuckle aphid - tsotsa kwaro wanda zai iya rushe kayan ado na shrub, shan ruwan 'ya'yan itace daga ganyayyaki da harbe;
  • gizo-gizo mites da honeysuckle - cinye abokan gaba, wanda zai iya lalatar da shuka;
  • shitovki da ƙarya garkuwa - sakamakon sakamakon lalacewar su, harbe ya bushe kuma ya kunna, shuka yana da girma;
  • leaf beetles - kwayoyin gnawing;
  • Alamar waƙa - sa mummunar lalacewa ga foliage na honeysuckle.
Don magance ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwayar cuta a cikin mataki na farko, shayarwa da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire (decoction ko jiko na Dandelion, tafarnuwa, taba, barkono mai zafi) ana amfani. Tare da kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani ya kasance a cikin sunadarin sunadarai: "Aktellik", "Aktara", "Fitoverm", "Konfidor" da sauransu.
Har ila yau zai zama da amfani a gare ka ka karanta game da cututtukan cututtuka na honeysuckle da kuma yadda za'a bi da su.
Jerin cututtuka da zasu iya shafar honeysuckle shrubs ma ban sha'awa. Ga wasu daga cikinsu:

  • iri-iri iri-iri;
  • yankakken man fetur;
  • mosaic.
Za a iya warkar da cututtukan fungal tare da kwayoyin da ke dauke da kwayar cutar da sukari. Daga ƙwayoyin cuta, baza'a sami ceto ba.

Yana da muhimmanci! Magunguna don magance cututtuka da kwari suna buƙatar saya kawai a cikin shaguna na musamman. Lokacin aiki shi wajibi ne don biyan umarni a kan kunshin, da kuma kiyaye kariya na sirri, kare jiki tare da kwat da wando na musamman, idanu - tabarau, hanyoyi - mask.
Duk da haka, yana da muhimmanci a tuna cewa makamai mafi kyau a yaki da cututtuka da kuma parasites su ne kariya da matakan fasaha masu dacewa.

Wintering

Tatar honeysuckle na da haƙuri musamman sanyi, da furanni da ganye zasu iya tsayayya da yanayin zafi kamar low -8 ° C.

Saboda haka, ƙananan bishiyoyi basu buƙatar matakan musamman kafin lokacin hunturu. Sai kawai matasa shuke-shuke har zuwa 2 years ya kamata ya fi dacewa a rufe shi da spruce ganye.

Sake fasalin fasalin kayan aiki

Tatar honeysuckle reproduces a cikin 4 hanyoyi:

  • Alamar rubutu;
  • Laying;
  • raga na daji;
  • tsaba.
Mafi mashahuri kuma mai sauƙi shine hanya na grafting. Ana yanke cuttings daga karfi mai karfi harbe minti 10. Zai fi kyau a cire wadanda aka yanke tare da "sheqa" - ƙananan haushi daga ƙwayar uwar.
Wadannan tsire-tsire suna ninka ta hanyar cuttings: honeysuckle capricoleum, Juniper China, plum, dutsen ash, cersis, ruta, azurfa-tsotse, hydrangea, jiyya.
Ana sanya cututtura a wani kwana na 45 ° a cikin akwati tare da cakuda ƙasa wanda ya hada da yashi mai nauyi (3 sassa) da kuma peat (kashi 1). Kafin ka iya bi da su tare da sinadarin sinadari. An dasa shi da fim wanda za'a kiyaye shi da zazzabi da zafi.

Ya kamata a shayar da cututtuka, a yada shi kuma a buɗe lokaci. Tushen ya kamata ya bayyana a cikin makonni 2-3.

A lokacin rani, dasa kayan lambu a cikin ƙasa ba a bada shawarar - bazai tsira da sanyi ba. Zai fi kyau rufe akwatin tare da rassan spruce kuma sanya shi a wurin kare.

A kan shafin da honeysuckle zai yi girma a kullum, dole ne a shuka matasa, riga lokacin da yanayi ya dumi sosai a spring. Idan an yi jima'i daidai, to, ana sa ran flowering a cikin shekara daya.

Aikace-aikace a cikin zane-zane

Mafi yawan amfani da honeysuckle shine dasa shuki a shinge. Suna son yin amfani da shi don shimfidar wuraren birni, wuraren shakatawa, hanyoyi, tituna.

Duk da haka, injin ya kuma yi kama da tsutsa. Ana iya saukowa a dacha a kusa da shinge ko a gida, a bayan bangon. Kyakkyawan inji suna kallo kuma a cikin gaba na wasu albarkatu konamental, herbaceous, tsire-tsire.

Shin kuna sani? Ana amfani da ƙanshin honeysuckle a kayan turare irin waɗannan gwano kamar yadda Givenchy (Organza), Chanel (Allure), Burberry (London), Britney Spears (Ku yi imani), Cartier (De Lune), Nina Ricci (L'Air), Estée Lauder ( Muse na zamani) et al.
Honeysuckle Tatar zai kasance mafi kyau ga wadanda ke zaune a cikin rani waɗanda basu da alamar bayyana a kan shafukan su kuma ba za su iya kulawa da kula da su ba.
Yin amfani da zane-zanen yanayi ya samo irin wadannan tsire-tsire a matsayin sautuka, mahonia na holly-leaf, furen fure, ampelous dichondra, chubushnik, heliotrope, fararen turf.
Da zarar an dasa shi a wuri mai kyau, wani tsire-tsire da ƙananan kayan aikin gona zai ba da mai kyau a kowace shekara, kuma shinge mai tsayi daga tsire-tsire zai iya dogara da kariya daga dukiyar da ke cikin rani daga prying idanu.