Camellia a kowace shekara yana karuwa sosai tare da ma'aikatan gonarmu, kuma yanayinsa yana tafiya daga kudu zuwa arewa.
Yanzu akwai babban adadin hunturu-hardy iri na wannan mai ban mamaki shrub.
A cikin wannan labarin za ku koyi yadda za ku shuka shuka wanda ake kira "camellia".
Yanayin shimfidar wuri
Mutane da yawa suna fama da matsala a lokacin shuka gonar Camellia - shrub ba ya yi fure ba, ya sauke buds, sa'an nan kuma ya bushe. 
Wasu suna jayayya cewa ba ta bukatar kulawa ta musamman kuma tana girma sosai. Za mu fahimci dokoki na dasawa da kula da wannan shuka.
Shin kuna sani? Labarin farko na camellia an yi shi ne a karni na 17 ta hanyar likitan masanin kimiyyar Jesuit Georgy Joseph Camellus, wanda ya kawo wannan shuka zuwa Turai daga tsibirin Philippine a 1738. Karl Linney ya kira wannan camellia ta cambria don girmama Yesuit Camellus.
Lokacin da shuka shuki a gonar
Wannan inji yana buƙatar ƙwayoyi masu yawa, tun lokacin girma na cigaba yana faruwa daga Afrilu zuwa karshen Yuli. An dasa shuki camellia a cikin bazara don shuka don da isasshen lokacin "tashi zuwa ƙafafunsa." An shuka shrubs da aka shuka a gonar a cikin watan Maris-Afrilu da takin gargajiya, wanda aka yi amfani da shi don rhododendrons.
Na farko shekaru hudu bayar da shawarar girma camellias a tukwane. Kuma tsire-tsire masu lafiya a kan shekaru 4, tare da kayan mai da hankali, sun riga an dasa su a ƙasa. 
Hasken haske da zaɓi na shafin
Dole ne filin saukarwa ya kasance cikin inuwa mafi yawan rana, ba a karkashin rana ta bude ba. Rana mai zafi a lokacin rani na iya ƙone ganyen furen, a cikin hunturu mafi yawan cutarwa shine safiya na rana, daji yana fama da rashin ruwan in idan ƙasa ta daskarewa. Ya kamata a tuna cewa idan ka dasa shuki a cikin wuri mai duhu, ƙananan 'yan kaɗan za su samar da ita.
Yankin saukowa ya zama dole windproofkamar yadda iska mai karfi ta iya bushe kambi mai laushi. Irin wannan wuri shine mafi kyau don ware wani shinge ko bango. Yana da matukar muhimmanci a zabi ƙasa mai kyau. Dukkan yumɓu mai yumɓu mai yumɓu da ƙasa yashi ba su da kyau. Mafi kyaun tare da ƙasa don rhododendron. Tsarin ruwa mai tsami, mai dacewa yana da kyau, kamar yadda tsire-tsire ba ya yarda da ƙwaya-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire - asalinsu a cikin ƙasa mai laushi na camellias.
Dasa camellia itace
Don bunkasa raƙuman camellia, kana buƙatar bin wasu dokoki lokacin da dasa. Bari muyi la'akari da su. 
Shirya shirye-shiryen ruwa da dasa shuki
Mafi kyaun shuka camellia don amfani shirye shiryeAmfani da girma azaleas, rhododendrons. Wannan ƙasa tana kunshe da perlite, peat, yashi, vermiculite da ƙasa haushi.
Zaka iya yin kasan ƙasa da kanka. Don yin wannan, dauki bangare guda 1, 1 ɓangaren coniferous, kashi 1 peat da 0.5 sassan yashi. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa dole ne a yi amfani da kayan da zafin jiki, da ruwa mai tsabta da iska. Idan an yi daidai, waterlogging baya barazana ga shuka.
Shin kuna sani? Ana amfani da wasu nau'ukan camellias a cikin turare. Camellia eugenolum, alal misali, ya ƙunshi 97% eugenol, wanda yana da karfi wariyar cloves.
Wadannan tsire-tsire basu kamata a dasa su ba. Yi nazarin shuka a hankali don dasa shuki: tsakanin gangar jikin kuma asalinsu shine ginshiƙan tushe, wanda ba za'a iya rufe shi da ƙasa. Sake gwada waɗannan furanni a lokacin daga watan Nuwamba zuwa farkon Maris, lokacin da suka huta. A cikin wadannan tsire-tsire biyu flowering flowering: daga farkon Afrilu zuwa farkon watan Mayu, daga farkon watan Yuli zuwa farkon kaka.
Hydrangea da peony suna da siffar itace.
Alamar wuri
Camellia ba itace tsire-tsire ba, kuma babu wani tsari na musamman. Wannan flower za a iya dasa shi kadai, za ka iya ƙarawa da kayan lambu da sauran shrubs da furanni, zaka iya yin shinge. Saboda gaskiyar cewa furen ke tsiro da sauri a tsawo kuma yana da rassan rassan da kuma rassan rassan, shingen zai zama mai kyau. 
Abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da kula da shuka
Duk da sauki, camellia da ke girma a cikin lambun kulawa na musamman. Girmin shrub a cikin gonar yana buƙatar ingancin da abun da ke cikin ruwan da ake amfani dashi don ban ruwa. Fure ba ya jure wa ruwa da aka haxa da lemun tsami, ruwan sama da ruwa mai laushi. Yi amfani da ruwa don yawancin kwanaki don watering.
Yana da muhimmanci! Camellias yayi girma a cikin lokacin dormant, wato, tun daga watan Nuwamba zuwa watan Fabrairu.
Watering da ciyar
A lokacin shayar da shrub yana da muhimmanci a tabbatar da hakan babu ruwa da aka buga a kan furanni ko buds na gonar camellia. A cikin dumi kakar, watering ya kamata a gudanar a kai a kai da kuma da yalwa da ruwa. Wajibi ne a shayar daji da kuma a cikin hunturu, amma karamin ruwa. Wannan ma'auni na kulawa lokacin da tsire-tsire masu girma ke motsa bayyanar buds.
Dogaye mafi kyau ya kamata ya zama mai kyau da ƙwarewa, musamman ma wajibi ne a cikin bazara, lokacin da aka kafa sabon harbe kuma ci gaba mai girma zai fara. Dole a yi takin har zuwa karshen lokacin rani, akalla sau biyu a wata. Babban abin da za mu tuna shi ne babban tushen tsarin daji ba ya buƙatar adadin taki, don haka yana da muhimmanci kada a rufe shi da hawan hawan. Takin taki kawai bayan watering.
Kamar yadda taki yayi amfani da ma'adinai na ma'adinai da kwayoyin halitta, wanda za'a iya samuwa a cikin shaguna na musamman. Bayan lokacin rani, babu buƙatar takin shrubs, saboda a wannan lokacin ne aka kafa sabon buds. Idan ka shafe shi da taki a cikin fall, daji za ta yi girma a wani lokaci mai ban mamaki lokacin da ya huta. A wannan yanayin, yarinya zai iya daskare. 
Don amfani da taki daji taki na musammanwanda aka yi amfani da shi don tsire-tsire na kasar gona, yana iya yiwuwa a yi amfani da taki mai soluble (phosphorus, nitrogen, sulfur, potassium) tare da siffofi (manganese, baƙin ƙarfe, zinc, molybdenum, jan karfe, boron). Magnesium da calcium ba sa bukatar suyi, kamar yadda suke riga sun kunshe a cikin ruwa. Matsayin su yana ƙaruwa sosai a cikin ƙasa. Safiya mafi kyau shi ne mafi alhẽri a sauƙaƙe sau biyu fiye da yadda aka nuna akan takarda marufi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan camellia ke tsiro a cikin tukwane, to baza a iya motsa shi ba ko kuma ya juya yayin lokacin budding, in ba haka ba buds zai iya rushewa.
Dokoki don yin fure da kambi
Tree lambu camellia ne unpretentious shrub a cikin sharuddan pruning rassan, amma ba ya ji ciwo to datsa rassan bayan karshen flowering lokaci. A shrub bayan nauyi pruning zai buƙaci na musamman - m watering da kuma spraying zai samar da shuka da abin da ya faru da cikakken isasshen danshi. 
Wintering da transplanting wani daji
Sake buƙatar buƙatun kofe a kowace shekara. Idan shrub blooms a kowace shekara, yana nufin cewa kowace shekara biyu yana bukatar wani dashi. Wannan ya kamata a yi a cikin bazara, lokaci guda pinching harbe domin mafi alhẽri Branching. Ƙasa don shrubs dace acid tare da matakin pH 4.5 zuwa 5 - wannan damar girma cikin ƙasa tare da pH na 4 kuma a kasa camellia ya bambanta da wasu sauran tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire.
Idan kana so ka yi ado da shafinka tare da tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire, tsire-tsire-tsire, dacciya, chubushnik, myricaria, honeysuckle, spiraea.
Yadda za a tsara itace camellia
Ƙungiyar Camellia ninka cikin hanyoyi biyu:
- Tare da taimakon sabo iri. An shuka su a cikin kwalaye, a cikin lokaci na 2 ya fita daga bishiyoyi. Hakanan zaka iya shuka nan da nan a cikin kwantena masu rarraba tare da diamita na centimeters 5 a cikin ɗayan shuka. Duk da haka, ya kamata a tuna cewa daji girma a cikin irin wannan hanyar daga tsaba zai yiwuwa rasa halaye varietal.
- Gudun lambun iri iri ne kawai suke rarraba vegetatively. Don ciyayi kana buƙatar amfani da cututtukan lumbering. An yanke su daga saman tsire-tsire a hanyar da aka ajiye kwasfan ganye 3-5 (cututtukan ya zama kusan 7 cm tsawo). Dole ne a yanke harbe a Yuli da Janairu. Suna da tushe, a matsayin mai mulki, cikin kwanaki 50. Dole ne a dauka madara don cuttings a cikin nau'i na cakuda pH 4.5-5.0 ƙasa na sod da yashi a cikin adadin 1: 1, da ƙasa mai laushi da kuma peat ya kamata a ɗauka a cikin sassan 2. Kar ka manta da ruwa, yadawa da kare kayan samfurin daga rana. Ana buƙatar cututtuka na na biyu ko na uku na ci gaba a manyan kwantena.
Shin kuna sani? Camellia yana cikin gidan shayi. Abin sha muke sha duka an kira shi "camellia chinese" (Camellia sinensis). Kuma mafi yawan shahararrun camellias ne Jafananci.
Cututtuka da kwari na flower
Tare da kulawa da kyau na yau da kullum ga camellia, kwari da cututtuka da wuya a taɓa shi kuma kusan ba su zama barazana ba. Idan kulawa bai isa ba, tsire-tsire za ta iya barazana ga tsire-tsire, bishiyoyi gizo-gizo, ko cututtukan fungal. Bari mu dubi yadda za mu magance kwari.
Idan baƙaƙan fata da launin toka da launin ruwan kasa a kan dabbobin suna bayyana a kan ganyayen daji (idan raunin yayi karfi, buds zai iya fada), wannan saboda wasu cututtuka ne. Ana iya kula da shuka tare da masu fuka-fuka, amma yafi kyau a kawar da irin wannan shuka gaba daya.
Dole ne a tuna da cewa ƙasa mai lalacewa mai zurfi ta kai ga gaskiyar cewa tushen tsarin rots.
Har ila yau, furen zai iya shawo kan cutar mosaic kokwamba. Tare da irin wannan cuta, da veins na ganye juya rawaya. Dole ne ku yaki wannan cutar tare da taimakon Aktara da Actellic kwayoyi. 
Wasu lokuta aphids da cherries girma a kan shuka, wanda ciyar da kayan lambu kayan lambu, da kuma samar da wani kushin. Sogon naman gwari ya fara ci gaba a kan waɗannan abubuwan sirri. Kuna iya yaki wadannan kwari da barasa (an saka swab a cikin barasa kuma a bi da shi tare da shuka) ko tare da kwari na musamman.
Sun kuma kawar da aphids tare da taimakon sabin maganin sabulu, wanda ake amfani dashi don wanke shuka. Kuna iya wanke tare da karamin matsa lamba. Babban aikin shine wanke kayan aphids. Idan tsire-tsire ta shafi tsire-tsire, to sai a fara fara kulawa da wuri-wuri, tun bayan bayan ɗan gajeren lokaci flower zai iya bushe.
Wani mummunar barazana ga camellia shi ne gizo-gizo. Wannan kwaro, kamar aphid, ya hallaka camellia da sauri, saboda haka kana buƙatar amsawa da sauri. Don kawar da tikitin, ana amfani da maganin mai amfani na musamman, wanda za'a saya a shaguna na musamman. Tare da taimakon irin waɗannan maganganu an wanke wutsiya gizo-gizo a jikin ganye.
Tsarin na iya sha wahala saboda rashin kulawa mara kyau:
- idan kasar gona ta kasance m - buds sun fara fadawa, kuma ganye sunyi launin ruwan kasa;
- idan shuka yana ƙarƙashin hasken rana kai tsaye - an sanya siffofin launin ruwan kasa a kan ganye;
- idan fure ba ta da damshi ko ƙasa ya bushe, zai sauke ganye.
Don haka, mun fahimci dokoki na kulawa, haifuwa da dasa shuki na camellia. Babban aiki na lambu shi ne tabbatar da kulawa da kyau na shuka, kuma zai ji daɗi da kyawawan kambi da yawan furanni.
