Yawancin lokaci da ba a saba ba don yin rigakafin pears

Tare da taimakon rigakafin bishiyar itace, da yiwuwar gonar an faɗaɗa sosai ko da a cikin karamin yanki. Bayan haka, bishiya ɗaya tana iya "jure" nau'ikan iri daban-daban. Kuma har yanzu maganin yana zama kusan damar ƙarshe don adana itace tare da tushen lafiya, amma kambi mai rauni ko mara lafiya. A ƙarshe, babban gamsuwa ce ta ɗabi'a don gani da fahimta cewa da hannuwanka ya juya ga yin mu'ujiza.

Yawancin lokaci da ba a saba ba don yin rigakafin pears

Ana yiwa allurar rigakafin pear a ko'ina cikin girma. Idan fara yan lambu suna da wani abu wanda baya “girma tare” a lokacin bazara, zaku iya gwada sa'ar ku a lokacin bazara. Kuma don gyara aiyukan bazara akwai farkon kaka. Akwai ma rigakafin hunturu waɗanda ke da takamaiman bayani.

Yaushe fara rigakafin pear a bazara

Ya kamata a aiwatar da rigakafin lokacin bazara a cikin Maris-Afrilu, amma ko a farkon Maris, a ƙarshen watan ko kuma daga baya, ya dogara da yanayin a yankin. Ga ɗan lambu mai son jan hankali, yanayin kanta yana ba da amsar tambayar lokacin fara rigakafin. Yi hankali sosai idan ƙasa ta cika zurfin huɗun ruwa biyu ko kodan sun kumbura, lokaci yayi da zai sauka aiki. Idan ba zato ba tsammani ya daskare, allurar rigakafin zai iya tsayayya da raguwa na lokacin-zafin-rashin mahimmanci. Amma kasancewa latti ya fi muni, musamman a wuraren da ke da ɗan gajeren bazara, saboda ba a haɗa cambial yadudduka na scion da jari suna iya saurin sanyi lokacin kaka.

Pear yana nufin tsire-tsire na 'ya'yan itace da basa iyawa da “kuka,” wato, ƙamshi yana ƙare lokacin da aka sare akan haushi ko dasa shuki. Gum wani ɗanɗano ne mai ɗumi wanda yake fitowa tare da amber saukad da raunuka.

Masu ɗauke da dutse suna fama da dutse mai dutse-dutse, pear ɗin bashi da irin waɗannan matsalolin

Tun da yake pear ba shi da wannnan fasali, an shigar dashi cikin lokacin kwararo ruwan tsiro. Da zaran an kafa zafin jiki mai + 10 ° C a lokacin day kuma 0 ... + 2 ° C kuma sama da dare, kodan za su yi kumburi su juya launin toka, saboda haka lokaci yayi da za a shirya kayan aikin da kayan. Zai yi wuya a faɗi da tabbaci a cikin wane watan ne itacen zai kasance a shirye don grafting. A cikin yankuna na kudu wannan yana faruwa a farkon Maris, kuma a Siberiya a ƙarshen Afrilu, kuma shekara bayan shekara ba lallai ba ne.

Hakanan fara aikin zai iya tantancewa ta hanyar haushi. A cikin bazara, cambial Layer (shi ne ke da alhakin girma da adhesion na scion) ya fara girma, ya sami koren launi mai cikakken launi, ya zama "m". Saboda wannan, cortex tare da cambial Layer ana iya rarrabewa da gangar jikin, wanda ya zama dole don budding ko alurar riga kafi don bawo. An gudanar da gwajin ne don rabuwa da haushi tare da tip na wuka a zahiri kamar wasu milimita, a nutsar da shi a cikin haushi kuma a ɗan ɗora shi kadan. Idan ya kasance a baya cikin sauki, to, lokacin rigakafi ya zo. Bayan an yi gwaji, an rufe rauni da lambun var.

Tsarin cambial na da bakin ciki, amma ya dogara da shi ko graft din zai samu tushe

A yankinmu, a cikin Donbass, lokacin grafting na pome tsire-tsire yana gab da farawa. Bude firiji, ina kallo tare da muguwar sha'awa a yankan - da alama suna bacci. Girbe su a cikin Maris, maƙwabta "mai" reshe da aka yanke a gefen gefen kambi (me za ku iya yi, Intanet shine fifiko). Kuma ko da yake sanyi ya shude a waccan lokacin, damp, harƙa ƙasusuwa, yayi mulki a cikin sararin samaniya. Waɗannan mummunan dalilai ne suka sa ni dama in shirya ganyen nan da nan. Tun 8 ga Afrilu, rana tana faduwa a kan titi, furannin da ke kan bishiyoyi kamar suna tsalle, don haka ganyayyaki suna ta fashewa a ciki. Zafin rana da rana daga 12-15 ° C, dare ya tashi zuwa +6, wanda ke nuna cewa da sannu zan yi allurar. Da zarar na riga na yi ƙoƙarin kashe kuɗin bazara na itacen apple, amma ban yi la’akari da babban abin ba daidai ba - zafi. Kuma yakan zama mafi yawan tashin hankali kowace shekara, a cikin rana ya fi 45 ° C. Sabili da haka, Na yanke shawarar samun kwarewa ta biyu a cikin bazara, watan Afrilunmu shine mafi yawan watan.

Murmushi mai yaduwa da haɓaka ya nuna cewa alurar riga kafi ta isa

Farkon farawa ta allurar pear ta yanki:

• Midland, Yankin Moscow - 2-3 shekarun Afrilu;
• Yankin Arewa maso yamma - a ƙarshen watan Afrilu;
• Urals, Siberia - ƙarshen Afrilu - shekaru goma na biyu na Mayu;
• Ukraine - tsakiyar Maris - farkon Afrilu;
• Kudancin Russia - Fabrairu-Maris.

Mahaifiyata tana yin allurar rigakafi a cikin karkara har ma da dusar ƙanƙara. A bara Ina da alurar riga kafi a dusar ƙanƙara a ranar 9 ga Maris 9. Kowane mutum ya ɗauki tushe. Babban abu shi ne cewa yankuna kyawawan abubuwa ne kuma haɗi ne daidai.

shisvet Svetlana

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Siffofin rigakafin a yankuna na arewacin

Sakamakon yanayin guguwar peculiar, masu gonar Ural suna da takamaiman “jadawalin” allurar. Idanun balaga sun fara bayyana a nan a farkon Yuni, a ƙarshen watan sun riga sun kasance 3-4 a kan shoot, a watan Agusta - 10-15 guda. A cikin yanayi mai wuya, ba lallai bane a jira maturation na harbin shekara-shekara kuma, sabili da haka, maturation na duk idanu. A wannan an kara gaskiyar cewa kwararar ruwan itace anan kusan ba ta tsaya ba kuma bata da shehun farko da na biyu. Saboda haka, budding a cikin Urals daidai gudana daga bazara zuwa bazara. Don haka, yana yiwuwa a dasa pear a ƙarshen Afrilu zuwa Agusta 5-20. Ana yin rigakafin karshe don kwanaki 15-20 kafin matsakaicin zazzabi ya sauka zuwa + 15 ° C.

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfanin yin rigakafin bazara

Hasken gefen yana nufin gaskiyar cewa itaciyar bayan rashin himma yana fara haɓaka, haɓakar reno yana da girma kuma cambium yana girma tare da sauri. Sakamakon yana bayyane bayan watanni 2-3, kuma idan kun kasa, a lokacin rani zaku iya yin ƙoƙari na biyu.

Workingarancin yanayin aiki mai gamsarwa ya mamaye hoton - iska, sanyin jiki. Hakanan ba a san yadda nasarar dabbobi ta ci nasara ba, kuma laka da kwarkwata sun sanya wahalar hawa zuwa abin.

Alurar riga kafi a lokacin rani

Idan aka rasa lokacin ƙarshe na bazara ko kuma wani abu “bai yi girma tare ba”, alal misali, haushi bai zo ba ko kuma yanka sun kasance m, ana shuka dutsen a lokacin bazara. A wannan lokacin, ragi na biyu na kwararar ruwan itace yana farawa, watau, matakai guda ɗaya na ciki suna faruwa kamar lokacin bazara. Kuma shirye-shiryen da haushi ana dubawa iri ɗaya zuwa gwajin bazara. Bark ya zama na roba daga kusan tsakiyar watan Yuli, sannan kuma suka fara yin allurar pears. Ya danganta da yanayin yanayi, ana iya aiwatar da aiki har zuwa farkon Satumba. Takaddun rigakafin rigakafin ana tantance su ta hanyar zafi da ruwan sama na yau da kullun, sabili da haka, bushewar iska, don haka ya fi kyau yin aiki da safe ko da yamma. Kodan da aka canzawa an rufe su da cellophane kuma an lullube su da tsare.. Idan bukatar da aka ripened for grafting tare da cuttings, abin da ya faru sau da yawa, yi wannan tsakanin game da Yuli 1 zuwa 10 Agusta.

Kodan da aka toka yana nannade cikin cellophane domin kar ya bushe daga zafin bazara

Yawan lokacin rigakafi:

• Midland, Yankin Moscow - ƙarshen Yuli - shekarun farko na watan Agusta;
• Arewa maso yamma - ƙarshen Yuli - farkon watan Agusta;
• Duniya mara baƙar fata - rabin rabin Yuli - 15 ga Agusta;
• Ural, Siberia - a farkon mako na watan Agusta;
• Ukraine - daga shekaru goma na biyu na Yuli kuma a ko'ina cikin watan;
• Yankunan Kudancin - Agusta.

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani

Fa'idodin sun hada da gaskiyar cewa ba lallai ne ka dame tare da siyan kaya da kuma ajiyan ganyayyaki ba, an ɓata lokaci cikin bazara. Zai yuwu a iya tantancewa ko jari na lafiyayye ne, kuma za a san sakamakon alurar rigakafin a cikin halin yanzu. Ana iya aiwatar da hanya sau da yawa.

Babban hasara shine yanayin zafi, lokacin da wuya a “kama” rana mai launin toka, alurar rigakafin na buƙatar kariya daga dumama da bushewa.

Alurar riga kafi ta kaka

Alurar riga kafi a wannan lokaci na shekara ba a yadu sosai saboda da rikitarwa na kaka kaka - mafi capricious fiye da a cikin bazara. Littlearancin lokacin da aka keɓe don alurar rigakafin kaka - farkon watan Satumba shine ƙara ko debe mako kuma sakamakon ba shi da kyau kamar na bazara ko kaka.

Alurar riga kafi fara kwanakin:

• Midland, Yankin Moscow - makonni 2 na farkon Satumba;
• Yankin Arewa maso yamma - makonni 3 da suka gabata na Satumba;
• Yankin Ukraine, yankuna na Kudancin - gama kafin farkon Oktoba.

Abvantbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani na rigakafin kaka

Lokacin kaka shine ƙoƙari na uku tare da yakin bazara da bazara na kamfen ɗin bazara, saboda haka, zaka iya ajiye shekara; kafa cuttings na gaba kakar za a taurare.

M shine jira na dogon lokaci har sai lokacin bazara, lokacin da za a san sakamakon karshe na allurar. Raunin da yake a hannun dabbobi yana warkar da shi sannu a hankali saboda kwararar ruwan itace tayi saurin sauka; a cikin hunturu, ctionan wasan yana da sauƙin sanyi. Adadin rayuwa ya ragu.

Alurar hunturu

Ana yin allurar rigakafin hunturu ne daga Disamba zuwa Maris, ta amfani da 'yan sanduna ta hanyar dusar ƙanƙanin sanyi da kuma haƙo hannun jari a shekarada. Ana amfani da hanyar inganta kwafin aiki. Ba a shakkar amfanin amfanin rigakafin hunturu:

• Babu buƙatar rush, saboda jari da scion suna cikin hutawa;
• Ya danganta da yanayin ajiyar kaya, intergrowth yana faruwa ko dai a cikin shagon ko a cikin bazara a shafin;
• Babban adadin rayuwa.

Don rigakafin hunturu, an shirya jari da scion a gaba kuma an adana su a cikin gida har sai lokacin bazara.

Yadda ake girbin gero

A kallon farko, shiri na gaba na gaba mai sauki ne: Na yanke rassan da na fi so kuma a nan ... Tambayar farko ta taso - shin akwai wasu rassa da suka dace da alurar riga kafi ko shin ya kamata su zama na musamman?

Yadda za a zabi itace don yin rigakafi

Yanke sune rassan shekara-shekara da keɓe ta hanyar itace ko, kamar yadda ake kira shi a cikin sharuddan kimiyya, ci gaban shekara-shekara. Irin waɗannan harbe an ƙaddara su a gani: Waɗannan sune fiɗa rassan rassan ko rassan gefen da suka girma da tsawo a cikin kakar. Haushi a kansu mai santsi har ma, tare da mai sheki, mai launi mai laushi. Batun a kan harba, inda ake fara girma na shekara-shekara, an nuna shi ta ƙararrawa ko lokacin farin ciki tare da abubuwa masu haɗari na shekara - sautin na koda. Ga irin wannan haɓakar shekara-shekara da yankan, da barin guntun reshe na matasa tare da ƙwaya biyu a jikin bishiyar. Wasu suna yankan ƙwallon a ƙasan koda, don kare matasa itace na shekara.

Ana kafa zobe na koda a ƙarshen katako a bara kuma wannan

Yaushe zaka samo kayan alurar rigakafi

Lokaci lokacin da ya kamata kuyi amfani da kayan alurar riga kafi - ƙwaya ko kodan ya dogara da lokaci da nau'in maganin alurar riga kafi.

1. A cikin kaka - bayan faɗuwar ganye, lokacin da yanayin ƙawancen sanyi ya riga ya shude daga -10 ° C zuwa 16 ° C, ana yanke cut. An riga an taurare su kuma "dusar" ta hanyar sanyi. Babban ƙari a lokacin girbi na kaka shine cewa ƙananan harbe ba zasu daskarewa ba idan dusar ƙanƙara ta faru ko a farkon bazara, lokacin sanyi.
2. Idan hunturu ya kasance mai sauƙi kuma zafin jiki ba ya faɗi ƙasa -20 ° C, babu wani bambanci lokacin da za a yanka ganyen a watan Disamba ko Fabrairu.
3. A ƙarshen lokacin hunturu da bazara, shi ma ya kan shirya kyawawan furanni. Kyautar ita ce cewa irin wannan kayan ba lallai bane a adana shi na dogon lokaci.
4. Ana yin rigakafin rani nan da nan, don haka ana yanke koyen buds nan da nan kafin alurar riga kafi don kada ƙarancin ya bushe. A wannan yanayin, ci ba ma ko awanni, amma na mintina. Bari dai kawai mu ce, ya kamata a sanya ƙananan rani a ƙasa. Don samun irin wannan a Yuni yana da wuya, amma a watan Yuli, kuma kusan dukkanin su suna shirye don pruning.

Lunar alurar riga kafi

Ba kowane ɗan lambu yake da isasshen lokacin kyauta don ziyartar gonar ba. Mutumin da yake aiki kawai yana da lokacin yin aiki tare da bishiyoyi, wanda shine ƙarshen mako. Ga waɗanda suke son tsara ayyukan su, suna mai da hankali kan alamomi ko “kwanaki masu kyau”, kar a manta da duba cikin kalandar wata. Wanene ya sani, watakila wata yana shafar rayuwar rigakafi?

Bidiyo: Itatuwan girbi don alurar riga kafi

Lokaci da aka yarda da lokacin alurar riga kafi an daidaita shi gwargwadon yanayin yanayin gida. Ingancin cut ɗin ya dogara da lokacin girbin su da yanayin ajiyarsu.