Hortensia - flower flower ado, wanda ƙauna da kyau da kuma asali. Various shrubs jawo hankalin su sabon abu bayyanar da yawan flowering. Girma mai tsabta a cikin lambun ka, ba za ka daina ƙaunarsa ba a cikin tsawon lokacin girma. Gidan yana da siffar sabon abu kuma masu daraja ba su daraja shi ba kawai don yawan amfanin gona, amma har ma da siffar haushi mai ban sha'awa, kazalika da ganye. Mafi kyawun gani an gabatar dashi a lokacin kaka, lokacin da za ka iya ganin launukan launi daban-daban, buds da shugabannin tare da tsaba a kan wani shrub a lokaci guda.
Bayani mai taƙaitawa game da jinsin
Hydrangea - tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire masu dangantaka da iyali Hortensia, gwangwani ya ƙunshi kusan nau'in 70-80. Mafi yawan iri nau'in nau'o'in nau'ikan ke tsiro a gabashin Asiya.
Yana da ban sha'awa don samun masaniya da wasu tsire-tsire waɗanda ke cikin iyali Hortensia: mitex, deutz da currants.Shrubs girma har zuwa mita 3 kuma su ne mafi yawan na kowa wakilan da irin, wasu su ne kananan bishiyoyi, da kuma sauran wakilan su ne vines cewa hawa a kan trunks wasu itatuwa har zuwa mita 30 a tsawo. Tsire-tsire suna da tsalle-tsire ne da kuma deciduous. Yawancin lokaci ana horar da jinsuna masu cin gashin kansu.
Flowering faruwa a cikin bazara kuma yana har sai da marigayi kaka. A ƙarshen rami, ana tattara furanni a cikin ƙwayoyin siffofi, suna da matsala ko corymboid siffar. Yawancin nau'in suna da nau'in fure-fure dauke da nau'in furanni 2: a tsakiyar akwai kananan furanni, kuma a gefuna suna da manyan 'ya'ya. Akwai jinsunan da dukkan furanni suna da kyau kuma suna da girman. Girman furanni ya dogara da nau'in: fari (mafi yawan na kowa), jan, blue, Lilac, ruwan hoda.Shin kuna sani? Manyan launi mai girma, wanda ya danganta da farashin pH, yana iya canja launi na petals. Alal misali: a cikin ƙasa acidic da man fetur suna launin shuɗi a launi, a cikin ƙasa alkaline suna Lilac ko ruwan hoda, kuma a cikin ƙasa tsaka-tsalle masu tsalle ne. Wasu nau'o'in hydrangea, waɗanda aka dasa a cikin wani acid acid, zasu iya tara aluminum da aka kwashe ta ƙasa, kuma ya zama shudi a cikin kafawar mahadi.Hydrangea 'ya'yan itatuwa - 2-5 kwalaye daban-daban tare da babban adadin kananan tsaba.
Fasali na dasa shuki
Dukkan nau'o'in wannan jinsin suna da sanyi da kuma inuwa, amma basu yarda da hasken rana kai tsaye ba. Shafin ya kamata a shafe shi, kuma hasken rana yana da kyawawa kawai da safe. Lokacin zabar shafin don dasa shuki, yana da daraja la'akari da cewa flowering yana da kyau sosai kuma shuka zai iya girma sosai.
Shin kuna sani? An sami sunansa don girmama 'yar'uwar yariman Roman Roman Karl Heinrich Nassau-Siegen - Princess Hortense.
Irin ƙasa don girma
Kasashen da za a shuka su ne: sako-sako da, matsakaicin matsanancin zafi da mai kyau na ruwa da iska. Babban muhimmancin shine acidity na kasar gona, domin hydrangea ya fi son yanayi, kuma a cikin tsaka-tsaki ko alkaline, zai sha wahala daga rashin ƙarfin baƙin ƙarfe.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ƙasa a yankinka ta zama alkaline, to, kana buƙatar acidify shi da kanka, in ba haka ba shuka zai sha wahala sosai ba. Sau da yawa a cikin irin wannan yanayin hydrangea yana da lafiya tare da chlorosis, wanda ba ya ƙyale ta girma da ci gaba.Masu sana'a sunyi amfani da maganin sulfuric acid. Daga cikin hanyoyi da ke hannunsu, ana amfani da na'urar lantarki, wanda ake amfani dasu don batura (dauke da sulfuric acid). Tabbatar cewa ku ciyar tare da maganin zaɓaɓɓe wanda aka zaɓa saboda a cikin tsararren tsari ya cika da sulfuric acid: daya ml na electrolyte da lita na ruwa.
Lokaci
Kayan itatuwa yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen cin amfanin gonar. A cikin yankunan da yanayin yanayin zafi, an dasa hydrangea a farkon rabin lokacin kaka. Zai fi kyau shuka a watan Satumba, don haka tsire-tsire na da lokaci don samun karfi da kuma ci gaba kafin raguwa. Don farawa shi ne mafi kyau a saya tsire-tsire masu shekaru 4-5 don dasa shuki, suna da karfi kuma suna da sauri.
Fasahar fasaha
Bayan ƙaddamar da shafin saukowa, kana buƙatar shirya rami mai saukowa. Samar da hydrangeas a cikin fall a bude ƙasa an yi a rami, zurfin rabin mita da diamita na 40-50 centimeters. Idan ƙasa ba ta da talauci, to sai ya fi kyau ya sa rami ya zurfi. A lokacin da dasa shuki a shinge tsayar da nisa tsakanin bushes zuwa mita 1.5. Ramin ya kasance kusan zuwa saman cike da cakuda ƙasa (ganye ƙasa, humus, yashi da kuma peat a cikin wani rabo na 2: 2: 1: 1). Don 10 kilogiram na humus ƙara 60 g na superphosphate da 20 g na sulfuric potassium da urea.
Za a iya amfani da tumaki, naman alade, saniya, kaza, zomo da kuma doki humus don yin amfani da takalmin hydrangea lokacin da dasa.Land a cikin rami ya kamata a zauna a cikin kwanaki da dama, sannan kuma ya zama dole ya ci gaba da kai tsaye zuwa saukowa. Daga ƙasa a cikin rami a cikin rami, samar da wani mound da sanya seedling a kai, sabõda haka, wurin da wuyansa ne 3 cm sama da shafin. Sa'an nan, shimfiɗa tushen tsarin shuka kuma a hankali rufe shi da ƙasa. Bayan dasa shuki, da kyau da ruwa da ƙasa da ruwa da tsabta. Bayan lokaci, kasar gona za ta shirya, kuma wuyansa na wuyansa zai kasance a matakin filin.
Yadda za'a kula da hydrangea a cikin fall
Kula da lambun hydrangea a kaka yana daidai da lokacin bazara da lokacin rani. A shuka na bukatar ƙasa loosening, watering, pruning da kariya daga kwari. Kodayake flowering yana wucewa, amma takin gargajiya dole ne a gudanar da shi dole, saboda shrub dole ne ya sami karfi kafin ya yi hunturu.
Watering
Ganye shine mai dadi, saboda haka, yana buƙatar mulki na watering. A lokacin rani, ruwa sau 2 a mako, kuma cikin ruwan sama sau ɗaya a mako. Babban abu - don hana lalacewar m, don haka kada ku cutar da tsarin tushen. Ya kamata a shayar da shuka tare da rabuwa. A karkashin mai girma shrub an kimanin lita 40-50 na ruwa ana zuba a lokaci guda. A matsayin ma'auni m, vinegar ko citric acid wani lokaci ana kara zuwa ruwa don ban ruwa.
Top dressing
A farkon watan Satumba, samfurin ƙarshe na hydrangea na wannan shekara yana gudana. Abin da ke da takin gargajiya na kaka ya haɗa da ƙwayar phosphorus-potassium. Nitrogen kari a wannan lokaci ba a buƙata. 
Autumn magani ga cututtuka da kwari
Tsarin lokutan yafi kariya fiye da curative kuma ana aiwatar da shi tare da manufar kawar da cututtuka da kwari da zasu iya zama a cikin ƙasa ko haushi don hunturu. Wata magungunan gargajiya mai mahimmanci shine Abiga-Pic ko 1% Bordeaux. Irin abubuwan nan suna faruwa bayan faduwar ganye.
Idan kana so kawancinka zai kasance da kyau a cikin gonar, to zai taimaka maka ka fahimci kanka tare da dalilan yellowing da bushewa na ganye na hydrangea.
Pruning
Lokacin da za a tsabtace tsararren likita don kwararrun abu ne mai mahimmanci, wasu sun ba da shawara cewa za'a gudanar da ita kawai a cikin idon ruwa kafin fashewar budu, yayin da wasu ke ba da shawara, a akasin haka, an shawarce shi a cikin fall. Abinda ake amfani da shi a lokacin kaka shi ne cewa muhimmin aikin da shuka yake ciki kuma babu wata hadarin cewa zai ƙare tare da ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Ya danganta da irin hydrangea, wannan taron ya kasu kashi biyu:
- Ƙungiya ta farko sun haɗa da: wakilan manyan hydrangea, da sauransu, da sauransu. Su pruning shi ne sanitary da na kwaskwarimar darajar. Cire bushe, fashe da rassan da ke da cututtuka, kazalika da tsofaffin cututtuka. Wannan nau'i na aiki ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin wadannan wakilai an kafa furanni a kan tsoffin furanni waɗanda aka kafa a baya;
- Nau'in na biyu shine hydrangea, wanda furen ya bayyana a kan kananan harbe na wannan shekara. Saboda haka, kaka pruning paniculate da itace hydrangea ake bukata. An shafe bishiyar bishiya daga shekaru hudu. Pruning hydrangea pruning ne da za'ayi kamar itace, kawai tsofaffi da kuma waxannan cututtukan harbe da girma daga daya aya suna yanke.
Yana da muhimmanci! Idan ba tare da dacewa ba, ba za a yi furanni ba.
Yadda za a dashi hydrangea a cikin fall
Ba'a shawarci iri-iri da yawa a cikin fall ba suyi shawarar sake gina ba, suna da wuya a daidaita. Bishiyoyi da nauyin haɓakawa na hydrangea suna dashi sosai a cikin kaka.
Lokacin da za a sake shuka
Don canzawa hydrangea a cikin fall, dole ne a shirya shuka daga bazara. Don yin wannan, zuwa zurfin da nisa har zuwa 30 cm, yi taɗi a kusa da kewaye da gangar jikin itace kuma cika shi da takin. Tare da ruwan sha na yau da kullum, tsire-tsire zai sa sabbin sababbin tushe kai tsaye a cikin takin. Ana aiwatar da dashi a lokaci guda kamar saukowa, kuma wannan shine farkon kaka.
Tsarin dashi
Don haka ba ku da tsangwama tare da rassan shuka, dole ne a daure su da igiya ko igiya. Hortensia ya kamata ya yi motsawa a kan iyakar baki, gwada kada yayi lalata matasa. Sa'an nan kuma canja wurin zuwa wani sabon filin saukar jiragen ruwa (dole ne a shirya rami mai saukowa a gaba). Shirye-shiryen rami da kulawa da tsire-tsire a cikin lokacin kaka ana bayyana a sama. Don samun tsire-tsire ya fi kyau kuma ya fi sauƙi, ciyar da reuning reuning. Idan kana da dashi don yayi girma a shinge, sa'annan ka tabbata cewa nisa tsakanin bushes ya kasance akalla mita daya, kuma zai fi dacewa 1.5 m. 
Babban hanyoyin kiwo
Mafi mahimman hanyoyin hanyoyin kiwo don kowace gonar su ne: rarraba wani daji, cututtuka da kuma ƙwarewa tushen harbe.
Raba daji
Wannan hanya ta dace don amfani lokacin transplanting bushes. Sabili da haka ninka kusan dukkanin hydrangeas, sai dai tsoro. Nemi inji kuma cire shi daga ƙasa don haka kowannensu ya rabu da daji yana da lafiya da harbe. A lokacin wannan gyaran ya kamata ya yi hankali kada ku lalata rhizomes. Idan akwai rashin lalacewa ga yankuna na asali, to lallai yana da amfani da su tare da murmushi, sa'annan a jefa su a cikin rami mai shirya.
Karanta game da irin hydrangeas: treelike da paniculata.
Cuttings
Sau da yawa ana samar da su a spring ko lokacin rani daga tsaka-tsakin shekara-shekara, amma akwai lokacin hunturu, wanda aka fara farawa a tsakiyar kaka. A watan Oktoba, mirgine wani daji na hydrangea, ya dasa shi cikin tukunya kuma ya canja shi zuwa ginshiki. Shirye-shiryen cakuda ƙasa yana kama da lokacin saukowa a cikin ƙasa. A watan Janairu, tukunya yana buƙatar motsawa zuwa wuri mai haske, wuri mai haske, bayan makonni kadan a 10 ° C ganyayyun fara fara girma. A watan Fabrairu, wajibi ne a yanka cututtukan kore tare da 2 internodes daga uwar shuka. Sama da ganyayyaki a sama da ƙasa suna barin 1 cm. 
Domin kada a rikita batun kuma kada ku dasa shukar tsirrai a ƙasa, ku sa kashin da aka yanke a kai tsaye da kuma kusurwa. Dole ne a cire matakan da ke ƙasa gaba ɗaya, kuma a raba rabin a cikin rabin. Tsari da ƙananan Zelenko, da ƙananan jiƙa a cikin girma stimulator. Don yin rigakafin tushe a cikin tukunya zuwa zurfin centimeter, sanya Glyocladin kwamfutar hannu. Yanke cuttings zuwa saman ganye a cikin tukunya na gina jiki ƙasa. Irin waɗannan cututtuka sunyi girma da sauri kuma suna samar da kyakkyawan tsari. A cikin bazara suna buƙatar ƙaddamar da hankali, sa'an nan kuma ana iya dasa su.
Sauya tushen harbe
Nasarar dabarun daji, kana buƙatar zama mai hankali da mai hankali. Wajibi ne a hankali cire saman Layer na kasar gona da kuma raba harbe har don kada ya cutar da asalin igiyar daji. Bayan haka, an dasa ingancin don gyaran (shekaru 1-2), sa'an nan kuma wajibi ne a sanya su saukowa a wuri mai dindindin.
Ana shirya don hunturu
Ko da magungunan hunturu na hydrangea a lokacin ƙuruciyar. Yi haƙuri sosai da sanyi da kuma bukatar tsari. Hydrangea yana buƙatar kulawa mai kyau a cikin fall da shirye-shiryen lokacin hunturu tun daga watan Satumba. Duk ganye sai dai mafi yawan ganye an cire su daga cikin daji, wanda ya kara da girma da kuma girma da kananan harbe. Sa'an nan kuma ciyar da shuka tare da takin mai magani wanda ya kunshi phosphorus da potassium. 
A cikin yankuna da yanayin zafi mai dumi, tsawan bishiya zai ishe, kuma a yankunan da ragu mai zurfi, amma tare da ruwan sanyi mai tsanani, zai zama dole don tsara tsari na shuka. Bushes na kananan girma yawanci ana rufe shi da peat da kuma nannade da tsare. Za a iya daura ƙananan igiya da igiya kuma a dage farawa, don kada a lalata, a kan allon, da aka shimfiɗa a ƙasa a ƙasa. Domin allon kada su motsa daga tabo, toshe su da dogon kusoshi a kasa. Zuba shrub da aka rufe da sawdust ko spruce, kuma rufe saman tare da lutrasil ko spanbond.
Ga wuraren da yanayin zafi zuwa -40 ° C wanzu irin wadannan zaɓuɓɓukan tsari: Dole ne a lakafta rassan kafa ta tsakiya tare da rassan, za a jawo rassan daga tsakiya zuwa ƙasa kuma a tabbatar da su tare da madogara, jefa jumma a tsakiyar daji, da kuma rassan da rassan spruce. Sanya safiya a saman tudun kankara kuma danna shi a tarnaƙi tare da duwatsu don kada a busa shi idan akwai iska mai karfi. Wannan tsari yana da karfi, amma yana da inganci sosai.
Ba shi yiwuwa a tanƙwasa halayen hydrangea ba tare da lalacewa ba, sabili da haka ya kamata a nannade shi da lutrasil kuma a gyara shi da tef ko igiya. Sanya grid na karfe a kusa da shuka, wanda ya kamata ya zama 15 cm a sama da daji. Tsakanin grid da kuma daji, rubutun rassan bishiyoyi da kuma rufe wannan gini tare da takarda rufi ko fim. Tsarin hunturu na hydrangea yana ƙaruwa da shekaru da kuma bayan 'yan shekaru bazai buƙatar tsari ba.
Hortensia kyakkyawa ce mai ban sha'awa da ta yi farin ciki tare da tsire-tsire na tsawon lokaci. Gidan shuka ba kawai tare da kwazazzabo buds ba, amma kuma tare da sabon abu haushi da asali na foliage. Idan ka yanke shawarar shuka shuki a cikin fall, to, a lokacin bazara zaka iya sa ran flowering. Hydrangea a cikin fall yana buƙatar kulawa da shirye-shiryen dogon sanyi, saboda da ci gabanta ya dogara ne akan ingancin abubuwan da suka faru na kaka, girma da kuma Bloom a gaba shekara.
