Tsarin itatuwa, shrubs da tsire-tsire masu girma suna girma a gonar kowane lambu mai kula da kansu, amma daga nesa duk za ku iya samun irin wannan itace mai ban sha'awa kamar teku na buckthorn. Wanne abubuwa na buckthorn na teku, ka'idodin dasa, girma da kulawa, wane nau'in amfanin gona da za mu tara da abin da za a shirya daga gare shi - game da wannan duka a cikin wannan labarin.
Sea buckthorn: bayanin hoto
Tsarin teku (Latin Hippóphaë) itace itacen ƙaya ko shrub daga mita 1 zuwa 3, na iyalin Lokhovae (Elaeagnaceae). Ganyayyaki suna raye, mai tsawo da kuma kunkuntar, a cikin ɗan farin fararen.
Ba sosai sananne buckthorn teku a lokacin flowering, kamar yadda blooms quite inconspicuously, da furanni ne ƙananan kuma bayyana a gaban ganye fara Bloom. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ko' ya'yan itatuwa masu tsayi, daga rawaya zuwa haske mai haske har ma da launi mai launi, suna ƙawata rassan a cikin rassan guntu (saboda haka sunan itacen). 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari sun tashi a ƙarshen lokacin rani da tsakar kaka kuma kada su dushe lokacin da suke cikakke, kuma suna iya rataya a kan rassan a ko'ina cikin hunturu.
An shuka asalin tsibirin ƙasashen tsakiya da arewacin Asiya, kuma yau ana samunsa a ko'ina cikin duniya.
Ya fi son yashi da kasa mai laushi, sau da yawa ana samuwa a kan bankunan tafki, koguna da kogi.
Yana da muhimmanci! Sea buckthorn yana da namiji (2) da mace (1) itace. Yana da muhimmanci a rarrabe su, domin 'ya'yan itace kawai mace. Wannan ya fi kyau gani a cikin bazara lokacin kumburi kodan. Kodan yara suna da karin mata 2, an rufe su 5-7 Sikeli yayin da akwai mata biyu kawai. Amma itace ba zaiyi 'ya'ya ba sai idan kun dasa shukar namiji da ke kusa da shi don zabe.
Features na dasa shuki teku buckthorn
Mataki mafi mahimmanci na namo shi ne hanyar dacewa da kuma dacewa don dasa itace. Bari mu ga yadda za mu shuka shuka don kada kawai farawa, amma har ma ya fara ci gaba da bada 'ya'ya.
Wane irin hasken lantarki ya yi ƙaunar buckthorn?
Sea buckthorn itace itace mai haske da mai dumi. Ana dasa shi a rana, ba a rufe shi da wasu tsire-tsire ba kuma musamman yana buƙatar kulawa a farkon shekarun girma.
Idan ka dasa karamin bishiya kuma ya ba da karfi da tsire-tsire ta weeds, to, yanzu shekara ta farko a cikin gonar zata zama gwajin ga itacen, kuma zai iya mutuwa daga rashin haske. 
Zaɓi na ƙasa don dasa
Lafiya a cikin ƙasa yana da muhimmanci musamman a farkon rayuwar itacen. Loam sandy ko loam zai zama kyakkyawan manufa, yayin da suke riƙe da danshi na dogon lokaci, yana hana tashin iska mai yawa daga ƙasa. A lokaci guda kuma, za mu zaɓi wuri mai mahimmanci, tun da yake buckthorn na teku ba ya yarda da ruwan karkashin kasa.
M dasa na teku buckthorn seedlings
Tsire-tsire masu kyau na seedlings shine tabbacin kyakkyawan ci gaban bishiyoyi da girbi mai yawa a nan gaba.
Kuna son sha'awar karantawa game da dasa shuki da kula da ceri plum, plum, gyada, ceri, apricot, apple.
Dasa kwanakin: a lokacin da dasa shuki teku buckthorn, a spring ko kaka
Mafi kyawun zaɓi shi ne shuka a cikin bazara, kafin buds tausa ko, a matsayin mafakar karshe, kafin flowering, saboda lokacin da aka dasa buckthorn a cikin rani, yawan yawan tsire-tsire na shuka yana da rauni sosai. Kuma idan muka shuka a cikin fall, to, har zuwa farkon Oktoba, lokacin da akwai sauran kwanakin dumi don ƙarfafa seedling.
Zabi da kuma shirye-shirye na seedlings don dasa
Yakin shekaru biyu suna da tushe mafi kyau, amma idan kayi kula da tsirrai na shuka shekara-shekara, zaka iya girma itace mai girma. Kyakkyawan seedling a tsawo na 35-50 cm, tare da diamita na 0.6-0.8 cm, yana da akalla 3 tushen tushen tafiyar matakai da yawa fibrous. Ya kamata a yi amfani da haushi a hankali, ba tare da launi mai launin ruwan kasa da duhu ba, wanda ke nufin cewa shuka yana daskarewa a cikin hunturu, kuma bai dace da dasa ba.
Shin kuna sani? Tsarin namiji zai iya zubar da jini a nesa har zuwa mita 15, kuma idan wannan ya riga ya girma a makircin makwabcin, to, za ku iya dasa tsiro kawai mace, don ajiyar sarari a gonar.
Gwada ramin
Gida na dasawa suna kirguwa tare da girman 0.6 x 0.6 x 0.6 m A cikin tsaunuka mai zurfi na 10-12 cm suna barci a kasa.An gina ginin a cikin rami kuma ana sanya seedling a tsaye, a hankali ta daidaita tushen. A hankali ku zuba cakuda kwayoyin taki, yashi da ƙasa a daidai da rabbin tare da tushen wuyansa a kasa 3-5 cm Da zaran mun dasa buckthorn na teku, zamu yi rami, tare da zuba buckets na ruwa guda biyu, sannan mu cike shi.
Alamar wuri
Kada ka manta cewa muna buƙatar dasa bishiyoyi da mata. Ƙaddamar da kambin buckthorn na teku ya ba mu fahimtar cewa nisa tsakanin itatuwa ya zama akalla 2.5 m. Akwai hanyoyi biyu don dasa shuki buckthorn:
- namiji shuka a tsakiyar, da mace a kusa;
- dasa namiji a gefen gefe, kuma da yawancin mata.
Dokokin da kula da buckthorn teku a gonar
Saboda haka, an riga an kafa itacen a cikin gonarmu, yanzu yana da muhimmanci kada ku rabu da shi, amma don kulawa da kulawa a dacewa.
Lokacin da za a shayar da shuka
A matsayin tsire-tsire mai laushi, teku na buckthorn yana shayarwa ta yau da kullum. A duk lokacin girma, musamman ma a farkon shekara bayan dasa, a kai a kai zuba 3 buckets na ruwa a cikin rami, kuma a lokacin fruiting 5-6 buckets kuma yana yiwuwa.
Yana da muhimmanci! Tashin ƙasa da ruwa marar kyau zai iya lalata tushen shuka kuma toshe hanyar samun iska. A cikin watering, tsayar da ma'auni.
Kula kula
Ƙasa yana kangewa a kai a kai, amma yana da mahimmanci kada a manta cewa asalinsu na da tsayi, ya kamata a dauki shinge ba mai zurfi fiye da 7 cm ba, kuma digging shine yawancin wanda ba'a so.
Shuka abinci mai gina jiki
Tare da wannan, a kowace shekara itace yana buƙatar koto. A cikin shekarar farko, ba za ka iya takin ba, kuma a nan gaba kowace bazara za su kawo kwayoyin halitta (takin gargajiya ko humus a cikin guga na 1 guga da 1 sq. M na kusa da ganga-gefe). Ayyukan Nitrogen suna da kyau ga guga guga na ruwa - har zuwa 30 g, wanda yana da tasiri mai tasiri akan girma bishiyar da yawan amfanin ƙasa.
Yadda za a datse teku buckthorn
Idan an shuka matashi a farkon shekaru, to ba za a iya yanke itacen ba. Idan akwai kananan ƙananan harbe, dole ne a rage katakon. A itace mai shekaru 4-5 yana sa pruning mai mahimmanci, cire ba dole ba kuma a layi daya zuwa gangar jikin.
Wani itacen da ya kamata ya buƙaci kulawa sosai, kamar yadda rassan da yawa suka bushe da kuma 'ya'yan itace sun rage. Dukkan tsofaffi, rassan rassan sun cire kuma sun sake shuka su zuwa shekaru uku. Kada ka manta game da tushen harbe, wanda dole ne a cire kusa da tushe, don kada ya samar da sabon abu a kan tushen buds.
Ƙara koyo game da adadin ƙwaro na ceri, peach, ceri, apple, apricot, innabi.
A little game da kiwon waddan teku buckthorn
Sea buckthorn rassan by cuttings, tsaba, zuriya da grafting.
- Hanya mafi sauki don samun sabon itace ita ce raba rami wanda ya girma a kusa da itacen bishiya, ruwa da shi, da kuma dasa shi zuwa sabon wuri a cikin bazara.
- Tsaba basu da ingancin itatuwan varietal, amma idan ka yanke shawarar zaɓar wannan hanya, zai fi kyau shuka su a cikin bazara, bayan sunyi tsawon kwanaki 4-5 a cikin ruwa. Dole a dinga zama mai tsanani a duniyar, kuma bayan da irin shuka germination, sanya su a rijiyoyin 5-7 cm zurfi.
- A lokacin haifuwa ta hanyar lignified cuttings, a ƙarshen kaka daya- ko biyu shekaru harbe suna yanke, wanda overwinter a zafin jiki na 0 - +2 ° C. A cikin idon ruwa, an yanke cututtuka 15-20 cm tsawo, 10 cm zurfi cikin ƙasa, barin kodan sama da surface. Tare da kowace rana, ta hanyar kaka za a rushe cututtuka tare da tushen ci gaba da kuma tsarin sama.
- Alurar riga kafi ba shine nau'in haifa ba. A matsayinka na mai mulkin, an dasa namiji a kan mace don yin zabe, idan ba zai yiwu a shuka wani itace ba kusa.
Major shuka cututtuka da kwari
Mafi yawancin kwayoyin kwari ne:
- teku buckthorn asu;
- teku buckthorn tashi;
- teku buckthorn aphid;
- mite.
Itacen ba shi da lafiya tare da scab, endomycosis, kafar fata da kuma wilting. A cikin yakin zai taimaka jan karfe oxychloride, wani bayani na potassium permanganate ko shirye-shirye bisa "Nitrafen".
Shin kuna sani? Koda - daya daga cikin sha'anin da aka fi so da "abokan gaba" na buckthorn na teku, saboda dubawa da yin aiki ya kamata a yi a farkon farkon kakar girma.
Sea buckthorn: girbi
Sa'an nan kuma ya zo lokacin da aka dade yana da lokaci don girbi amfanin gona mai kyau. Lokacin da berries suka samo kyakkyawar launi mai haske, mai roba, amma ba a ɓoye ba, zabi ranar taro tare da zafin jiki ba kasa da -15 ° C. Tattara berries a safiya ko maraice, tarawa ko yankan su daga rassan. Za a iya yin rattling har ma a cikin hunturu. Ana adana berries a daskararre ko kuma sun bushe cikin jakar filastik a wuri mai duhu har zuwa watanni shida. Sea buckthorn yana da irin wannan yawan bitamin da amfani da abubuwa da ke da wuyar samun daidaito. Shuka wannan itace a cikin lambun ka kuma za a shakata da kai ba kawai ta wurin kyakkyawa na ado ba, har ma ta hanyar warkarwa ta 'ya'yan itatuwa.
