Hatiora wani tsararren yanayi ne mai ban sha'awa wanda zai yiwa masoya sha'awar yanayin zafi. Wannan nau'in halittar dangin Cactus ya haɗa da tsire-tsire tare da harbe-harben da aka yi amfani da shi wanda ke kama ƙasusuwa, ƙananan kwalabe ko murjani. Irin wannan shuka mai rikitarwa yana kama da baƙo daga sararin samaniya, amma wakilai ne mai cikakkiyar biyayya na fure, mai sauƙin girma a gida. Hatorio yana zaune a cikin dazuzzukan wurare masu zafi na Argentina, Brazil da Uruguay.
Bayanin Shuka
Hatiora wata itaciya ce mai dunƙule mai dawwamamme tare da tsararren ƙwayar cuta. Harbi har ila yau yana kunshe da ɓangaren koren kore, tsakanin wanda Tushen iska mai santsi na iya samar da su. Wannan yana bawa shuka damar karɓar danshi da abubuwan gina jiki daga iska. Cactus yana ba ɗan ƙaramin girma shekara-shekara. Zuwa shekaru biyar, tsayinsa kawai 15 cm cm ne, kuma yakai goma - 50-180 cm.
Abubuwan Hatori suna da siffa silima kuma suna iya kumbura da kadan. A m haske kore kwasfa a kan tsohon harbe sami wani brownish tint da kuma dan kadan crackes. A saman lobes, ƙananan bayin papillae ana iya gani - rudimentary spines na wani sabon abu wakilin halittar Cactus. Harbe reshe karfi da kuma kara sama, amma iya wilted karkashin nasu nauyi da kuma bukatar tallafi.
Bloiora fure a cikin bazara yayin da hasken rana ke ƙaruwa. A ƙarshen harbe suna bayyana ƙananan furanni tubular tare da kunkuntar filayen ruwan hoda ko rawaya. Fulawa na iya wuce makonni da yawa. Makonni 2-3 bayan da kumbura ta bushe, wasu 'yan itace da ke dauke da fatar suna bayyana akan tukin harbe-harbe.
Camfi da alamu
Hctior's cactus, saboda kamanninsa mai kyau, ya karɓi sunaye da yawa waɗanda ba a saba gani ba. An kira shi "kasusuwa masu rawa," "mafarkin mashayi," "hawaye na maza." Alamu da camfi da ke alaƙa da hatiora sun ce ta sami damar "tsira" wani mutum daga gida. Iyalan da furanni suke girma zasu iya faduwa. Yawancin kwararru suna tsinkayen irin waɗannan maganganun tare da izgili.
Shin zan daina jin daɗin kasancewa da irin wannan sabon tsiro a cikin gida saboda jita-jita mara tabbas? Yarda da camfe-camfe ko a'a shine kasuwancin kowa. Amma duk wanda ke jin tsoro, ya isa kada a sanya tukunyar a ɗakin kwanciya ko wani ɗakin da mutumin zai ciyar da mafi yawan lokacinsa.
Iri Hatoria
Halittar hatiora ba ta da yawa, tsire-tsire 4 kawai aka haɗa a ciki. Duk ana yin noma kuma ana samun su ta kasuwanci.
Hatiora mai ruwan hoda. Drooping harbe kunshi maras kyau bangarori an rufe shi da launin shuɗi-kore fata da yawa m stains. Tsawon lobe din bai wuce 25mm ba, ya yi magana da hakarkarinsa. Rare areoles an rufe shi da gajerar fata fari. A ƙarshen harbe, kyawawan furanni tubular tare da kunkuntar furanni masu ruwan hoda. Girman dutsen yana kusan 4 cm.
Laifin Gartner. Shootsan gajeren harbe harbe sun ƙunshi ƙananan sassan duhu launi mai duhu. Hannun hannun jari sun daidaita kuma sun ba da sanarwa. Furanni apical guda ɗaya tare da diamita na 4-5 cm ana fentin su da ruwan hoda mai haske.
Hatiora Germina. Harbe-raben sun kunshi sassan tsararren siliki tare da karamin adadin hanyoyin a kaikaice. Tsawon bulala ya kai 30 cm ko fiye, kuma rabon su ɗaya shine 4.5-5 cm A lokacin furanni, ana kafa adadin adon rassa mai faɗi tare da nunin 2.5 cm.
Hatiora ruwa ne mai gishiri. Cylindrical harbe an rufe shi da bakin ciki mai launin fata mai haske. Rassan suna madaidaiciya kuma an sanya su sosai. Hannun hannun jari 25-28 mm suna da ɗan ƙara yawa a sashi kuma suna kama da ƙananan kwalabe. Yana blooms da yawa kananan kararrawa rawaya-dimbin yawa buds.
Hanyoyin kiwo
Itace mai sigar hator na yada tsire-tsire a gida. A bu mai kyau don aiwatar da hanya a lokacin bazara ko lokacin rani, a lokacin ciyayi masu aiki. Ya isa a raba harbin apical tare da lobes 2-4. Bai kamata a yanke shi ba, amma a kakkarye shi ko ba'a kwance shi a tsakiyar ɓangarorin. Yankunan suna bushe a cikin iska na sa'o'i da yawa, sannan kuma a kafe a cikin yashi mai yashi.
An dasa tsire a cikin wurin dumi tare da hasken rana. Yakamata a sanyaya cikin ƙasa tare da kulawa. Rooting faruwa a wuri da sauri. Wasu bangarorin, fadowa daga shuka na uwa, suna kafe kansu.
Za a iya shuka iri da aka sayi cikin bazara seedlings, amma, wannan hanyar namo yana da wahala. Kadai ɗan ƙwararrun masani ne kawai zai iya mallakarsa. Tsaba da sauri rasa germination, saboda haka suna bukatar da za a shuka da wuri-wuri. Don dasa, yi amfani da faranti tare da cakuda yashi. Amfanin gona kawai dan kadan murkushe ƙasa kuma ya rufe da fim. Rike greenhouse a cikin wurin dumi (+ 20 ... + 22 ° C). Harbe yana bayyana bayan makonni 2-4. Bayan wannan, an sake shirya shinge a kan windowsill mai haske, amma an cire matsugun ne kawai bayan makonni 2-3, sannu a hankali ana amfani da tsire-tsire zuwa rashi. A girma seedlings za a iya tsira zuwa kananan tukwane.
Dokokin Canje-canje
Gidan furanni na gidan haila kullum tsinkayen dashi. Matasa cacti ana yinsu a kowace shekara, kuma mafi yawan manya - sau ɗaya a kowace shekara 2-3. Wannan zai fi kyau nan da nan bayan an gama fure. Dole ne a zaba tukunyar hatiora mai fadi, amma ba zurfi ba, tunda rhizome yana kusa da farfajiya. Pebbles, yadudduka da yadudduka ko kwakwalwan bulo na tilas tilas a sa su a ƙasa daga cikin tanki saboda yawan ruwan da ya wuce ba ya kwance a ƙasa.
Soilasa don hatori ya kamata ya ɗan ɗan shayar da acidic ko tsaka tsaki. Domin tattarawa ana amfani da shi:
- Peat low (2 sassa);
- ƙasa mai rarrafe (sassa 6);
- ƙasar turf (ɓangaren 1);
- m yashi (2 sassa);
- ƙasar humus (sassa 4).
Siffofin Kulawa
Kula da mahaukaci a gida ba zai zama babban matsala ba. Dankin ba shi da ma'ana kuma ya dace da sabon shiga.
Haske Ya kamata girma a cikin ɗakuna masu haske mai yaduwa. Tana buƙatar tsawan hasken rana. Kuna iya sanya shi akan windowsill na gabas ko yamma, ko a wani nesa daga taga. Baƙaƙƙun laushi mai ƙarfi yana kare kullun rana.
Zazzabi Hatiora fi son abun ciki mai sanyi. A lokacin rani, ƙarancin zafin jiki shine + 20 ... + 22 ° C. Don lokacin zafi, yana da amfani idan aka kawo shukar shuka zuwa baranda ko veranda, inda canjin yanayi a yanayin zafi na yau da kullun zai amfana da mai injin.
Lokacin hutawa. Bayan an gama fure, ana bada shawara don canja wurin kwandon shara zuwa ɗaki mai sanyi tare da yawan zafin jiki na kimanin + 15 ° C kuma rage yawan ruwa. A tsakanin makonni 4-6, ya zama dole don dakatar da ban ruwa ƙasa gaba ɗaya. A wannan yanayin, ana kafa karin fure fure.
Haushi. Hatiora tana sauƙin daidaita yanayin zafi a cikin gidan, amma a ranakun zafi yana buƙatar fesa ko wanka sau da yawa a ƙarƙashin ruwan wanka.
Watse. A lokacin aiki girma da fure, kazalika a kan zafi kwana, da hator na bukatar yawan ruwa. Ruwa bai kamata ya yi tururi a cikin ƙasa ba, kuma ƙasa tsakanin ban ruwa ya kamata ya bushe da kashi ɗaya bisa uku. Tare da sanyaya, ana rage ruwa.
Taki. Daga Afrilu zuwa ƙarshen fure, ana amfani da takin cacti kowane wata ga ƙasa. Ya kamata a zaɓi ƙananan ƙwayoyin nitrogen.
Cutar da kwari. Tare da kulawa mara kyau, mai haɗari yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtukan fungal. Idan aka gano sassan taushi mai launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka mai ƙamshi da wari mai lalacewa, dole ne a cire su kuma a bi da su da ƙwayar fata. A lokacin rani, a cikin busasshiyar iska, akwai yuwuwar samun bullar cutar whitefly, ƙwayar cuta, mealybug da kwari gizo-gizo. Ana iya yin shuka a cikin wanka mai ɗumi kuma a kula da shi da maganin sabulu mai wanki. Idan hanyar ba ta taimaka ba, yi amfani da kwari ("Aktara", "Confidor").
