Ruscus shine tsufa na fari daga dangin Asparagus. Ya zama ruwan dare a cikin Caucasus, Rum da Kudancin Crimea. A cikin mafi yankuna yankuna na arewa, ciyawa suna girma kamar amfanin gona na gida. Yana jan hankali da ganye mai haske mai haske mai haske da kuma yalwar jan berries. Daga cikin masu noman fure shine sananne a ƙarƙashin sunayen "allura" ko "Juya linzamin kwamfuta". Ana iya amfani dashi don yin ado daki, sanya bouquets kuma don dalilai na magani.
Bayanin Shuka
Ruscus itace mai yaduwa mai tsayi mai zurfi mai tsayi daga cm 30-60. Ana ciyar da ita da iska mai tsananin zafi. Harbe yana haifar da rassa da yawa daga tushe. An rufe su da duhu kore scaly haushi tare da m tsagi na tsaye.
M ganye da yake a zahiri an rage harbe. Masu ilimin Botanists suna kiransu "phyllocladies." Ganyayyaki kusan babu petioles. Tana nan a kan mai tushe kuma. A ƙarshen kowane ganye akwai kashin kaifi mai kaifi.
Furanni suna girma kai tsaye daga farantin ganye. Suna da gajeren zango. Cortla na whitish ko lilac tare da diamita wanda bai wuce 1 cm ba ya bambanta da kyakkyawa ta musamman. Flow yana faruwa a watan Afrilu-Mayu. Akwai nau'ikan da suka fara girma a cikin hunturu.
Ruscus shine dioecious shuka, sabili da haka, don bayyanar 'ya'yan itatuwa na ado, ya zama dole a sami furen mace da mace kusa da ita. Sakamakon nasarar pollination, an ɗaure 'ya'yan itaccen zagaye na launin ja mai haske. Kowane 'ya'yan itace mai ƙwaya ya ƙunshi tsaba 1-2. Yana da mahimmanci a hankali, saboda berries suna da guba kuma basu dace da amfani ba.
Iri Ruscus
A yau, 8 jinsunan suna rajista a cikin halittar Ruscus. Yi la'akari da 4 daga cikinsu.
Iglitsa colchis (ruscus colchis). Itataccen tsiro mai tsire-tsire yana kunshe da tsayayyun harbe har zuwa tsawon cm 55. Fenti mai launin fata ana fentin cikin duhu kore. Floweran karamin fure mai ɓoye ya ɓoye a ƙarƙashin kwancen lanceolate. Dogon fure yana faruwa a watan Oktoba-Janairu. Bayan pollination, an zagaye berries biyu masu zurfi tare da diamita na 8-10 mm. 'Ya'yan itãcen wannan nau'in za a iya ci.
Alluhun Pontic (mai sikari). Goge 60-100 cm high kunshi dogon kafa harbe. An rufe su da lanceolate mai launin shuɗi-kore foliage tare da ƙaya a ƙarshen. A kan phyllocladium, ƙananan membranous ko ganye na subulate ana iya gani. Singleananan furanni guda ɗaya suna kan farfajiya mai yawa. Suna Bloom a watan Fabrairu da Afrilu. A watan Nuwamba-Disamba, zagaye biyu-seeded berries ripen.
Ruscus Italiyanci (allura na ganye). An bambanta shuka da tsayi, tsayayyen harbe tare da foliage na emerald lanceolate. Tsawon daji shine 40 cm 40. flowersan ƙananan furanni masu girma a ƙarshen hunturu. An sanya furen su a shuɗi mai haske ko fari.
Ruskus hyrcanic. Itace yayi daidai kuma yafara dasawa 25-40 cm tsayi .. Yana rufe kasa gaba daya da wani katon fure mai duhu. Tsawon phyllocladium shine 1.5-3 cm 5. Tsarin tsakiyar ana bambanta shi da launi mai sauƙi da sauƙi.
Kiwo
Don yada jita-jita, ya zama dole don shuka iri ko kuma raba daji da ya wuce kima. Shuka da tsaba ne da za'ayi a watan Fabrairu a cikin kwantena tare da yashi-peat cakuda ko a cikin peat Allunan. Harbe suna bayyana ba tare da haɗe ba kuma suna tafiya a hankali Mutane iri-iri na iya shuka har zuwa shekara guda. Don hanzarta aiwatar da ƙwayar, ƙwayar sanyi wajibi ne. Amfanin gona yayin mako yana dauke da zazzabi na 0 ... + 10 ° C, zaku iya rufe akwati tare da dusar ƙanƙara. Bayan wannan, an kawo tukwane tare da tsaba a cikin ɗaki mai haske da dumin (+ 20 ° C). Lokacin da tsayin danshi ya kai 7-8 cm, ana rayuwarsu cikin tukwane daban.
A cikin bazara, lokacin dasawa, zaku iya rarraba babban daji zuwa sassa da yawa. A cikin kowane rarrabuwa ya kamata ya zama sashin rhizome da harbe da yawa. Rooting mai sauki ne. A cikin 'yan makonni, sabon harbe zai bayyana a kan seedling.
Siffofin Kulawa
Room Ruscus ba a fassara shi ba, yana da sauƙi a kula da shi. Ko da sabon shiga ma zai iya samun wannan kyakkyawan shuka. Yana dacewa da kusan kowane mummunan yanayin. Amma fure da fruiting, kazalika da tsire-tsire masu yaduwa za'a iya samu a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi.
Haske Allura tana buƙatar hasken rana da hasken da ya bazu. Dole a sanya shi a wani ɗan nesa daga taga. A lokacin rani, hasken rana kai tsaye na iya ƙone ganye. A cikin hunturu, zaku iya sake shirya shuka a kan windowsillill na kudu ko amfani da fitilar baya.
Zazzabi Ruscus yana girma a zazzabi a dakin. A lokacin rani, ana shawarar daji ya dauki iska mai kyau. A cikin hunturu, an kyale sanyi zuwa + 13 ... + 15 ° C. Koyaya, babu buƙatar musamman don samar da irin wannan raguwar zazzabi.
Haushi. A shuka adapts ga na ciki iska zafi na ciki, yana bukatar lokaci-lokaci spraying. A cikin watannin masu ɗumi, Hakanan wajibi ne don wanka bushes a ƙarƙashin ruwan wanka.
Watse. An shayar da allura sosai. Soilasa tsakanin ban ruwa ya kamata ta bushe ta 3-4 cm .. Yayin ƙirƙirar sabon phylloclad, ya kamata a ƙara yawan shayarwa.
Taki. A watan Afrilu-Oktoba, ana ciyar da Ruskus kowane wata tare da takin ma'adinai na duniya. Ana amfani da maganin don ƙasa. A cikin hunturu, ba a yin kayan miya ba.
Juyawa Ana aiwatar da dasa wurare a cikin bazara kamar yadda ake buƙata. Idan ka ɗauki tukunya mai yalwa, kayan kwastomomi za su fito da sauri. Lokacin dasawa, tsohuwar dunƙule yana da tsaftacewa kuma a yanke tushen dusar ƙanƙara. Zabar wani akwati mai zurfi ba lallai ba ne. Ana zuba wani yanki na magudanar ruwa a ƙasan tukunyar. Soilasa don ruskus yakamata ta zama haske da takin ƙasa. Don haɗawarta amfani da ciyawar da ƙasa mai ganye, har da yashi.
Cutar. Ruscus ba shi da saukin kamuwa da cututtukan shuka. Tushen sa yana da kaddarorin kwayoyin. Zasu iya tsayayya da wasu cututtukan fungal da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta.
Karin kwari. Mafi sau da yawa, ruskus yana shafa ta hanyar ƙwayoyin gizo-gizo, kwari masu kwari, kwari da kwari. Don hanzarta kawar da ƙwayoyin cuta, yi amfani da kwari da suka dace.
Amfani
Ana amfani da Ruscus don yin ado da ɗakuna. Lioshinta mai haske da na ja masu kyau suna da kyau a kowane lokaci na shekara. Shayarwa suna dacewa da ɗakunan shimfidar wurare, masu zafin da ke kula da wuraren zama. Bushes ɗin da aka rufe da berries za'a iya gabatar dashi maimakon bouquet. Ana amfani da yankan mai tushe don yin bouquets.
Tushen Ruscus da berries suna da kaddarorin magani. Abincin da aka bushe wanda aka bushe an ɗauka kuma an sha shi ta baki don yakar bayyanuwar basur, ya karfafa jijiyoyin yaƙi da yaƙar jini a ƙananan ƙarshen.
